EP0045963A1 - Building block set - Google Patents

Building block set Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0045963A1
EP0045963A1 EP81106221A EP81106221A EP0045963A1 EP 0045963 A1 EP0045963 A1 EP 0045963A1 EP 81106221 A EP81106221 A EP 81106221A EP 81106221 A EP81106221 A EP 81106221A EP 0045963 A1 EP0045963 A1 EP 0045963A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plug
module
elements
insert according
modules
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Granted
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EP81106221A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0045963B1 (en
Inventor
Anton Meyer
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from DE19803030659 external-priority patent/DE3030659A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19818104704 external-priority patent/DE8104704U1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT81106221T priority Critical patent/ATE13980T1/en
Publication of EP0045963A1 publication Critical patent/EP0045963A1/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63HTOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H33/00Other toys
    • A63H33/04Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63HTOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H33/00Other toys
    • A63H33/04Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts
    • A63H33/06Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts to be assembled without the use of additional elements
    • A63H33/08Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts to be assembled without the use of additional elements provided with complementary holes, grooves, or protuberances, e.g. dovetails
    • A63H33/088Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts to be assembled without the use of additional elements provided with complementary holes, grooves, or protuberances, e.g. dovetails with holes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plug-in module insert according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Plastic plug-in modules usually have nub elements on one of their surfaces and clamping receptacles for these nub elements on another, usually opposite surface. The assembly of two plug-in modules takes place by pressing the knob elements of one plug-in module into the terminal receptacles of the other plug-in module.
  • Plug-in modules generally consist of a relatively hard and smooth plastic material, as a result of which liability problems arise and playing with the modules is accompanied by a constant rattle. It is uncomfortable when you step bare-footed on the mostly scattered blocks, especially since the known plug-in blocks are mostly angular. Plug-in modules of the type described with rounded module corners for e.g. Round buildings are shown in JA-PS 25 92 61 and 54 15 39.
  • Plug-in modules made of soft plastic have also become known, but these are either of fundamentally different structures or are deficient in terms of stability and dimensional stability.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a plug-in module made of plastic plug-in modules that not only allows extremely versatile construction in just a few basic shapes, but is also comfortable in the hand, is dimensionally stable and ensures secure adhesion between assembled stones.
  • the plug-in module insert according to the invention allows, because of the rounding of the module corners, pivoting together of assembled plug-in modules, so that extremely versatile constructions can be created. Walls can converge at any angle. Round constructions such as impellers, gears, towers etc. are possible. Individual blocks or entire groups of blocks can still be swiveled during the construction, which gives the impression that the material is kneadable. This impression is reinforced by the use of a soft plastic. High-pressure polyethylene (soft PE) of type PE-M-20-200-00 (according to DIN 16 776) is advantageously used. This building block material lies comfortably and comfortably in the hand. It is abrasion-resistant, dimensionally stable and safe under food law. It also ensures good adhesion between assembled blocks. On the one hand, by rounding off the corners of the building blocks and, on the other hand, by using a soft plastic, even a small child cannot hurt the building blocks.
  • Soft PE high-pressure polyethylene
  • the knob element of one plug-in module not only adheres well in the terminal receptacle of the other plug-in module, but also well during a pivoting movement leads, the knob element is designed with a relatively large web height.
  • a web height of about a quarter to a half and preferably about a third of the clamping receptacle height of the module has proven favorable.
  • the clamping receptacle for the knob element is a sleeve-shaped wall part on which the knob element sits coaxially. With its cylindrical outer surface, the sleeve-shaped wall part forms the rounded corner blocks. Insofar as the sleeve-shaped wall part comes to lie within the module in the case of a multi-element module, it forms a stiffening wall which gives the module sufficient dimensional stability.
  • the cylindrical wall parts of the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles in the interior of the Blocks are designed with a reduced wall thickness compared to the wall thickness in the area of the outside of the block.
  • the top wall connecting the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles with the knob elements and the boss elements themselves are advantageously designed with a reduced wall thickness.
  • the cylindrical inner wall parts of adjacent sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles also leave a space in the area of the greatest approximation, which is advantageously approximately equal to the wall thickness of the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles in the area of the block corners is.
  • "pinching" during injection molding is largely avoided, which ensures precise parallelism of adjacent clamping receptacles and knob elements.
  • the plug-in modules are easy to plug in and nevertheless adhere well to one another. Because of the space between adjacent clamping receptacles, the injection mold can be designed with increased stability, which results in a long service life.
  • the knob elements have a conically tapering end face, which facilitates insertion into the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles.
  • a circular opening provided concentrically in the end face of the knob elements prevents an air cushion from being trapped inside the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles when the modules are plugged together, which makes it difficult to plug them together.
  • This opening can advantageously be used to insert and push through a rod, which can serve to stiffen the construction or as an axis of rotation. The opening brings an additional effect by making the plug-in module a whistle. This also results in additional effects when using the (floating) plug-in modules in water.
  • a plug-in module consists of a cylindrical or sleeve-shaped clamping receptacle 1, on which a knob element 2 is placed coaxially.
  • the inside diameter d of the clamping receptacle 1 has the same nominal width as the outside diameter D of the knob element 2, whereby tolerances must be ensured during manufacture that, on the one hand, the knob element 2 of the one plug-in module can be pressed into the sleeve-shaped clamp receptacle 1 of another plug-in module without great effort, but on the other hand, a good adhesive bond between the two is possible.
  • a well adhering fit of the knob element 2 in the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacle 1 is further supported by the use of a soft plastic and by the fact that the knob element is designed with a relatively large web height h.
  • the web height h is approximately one third of the clamping receptacle height H. This ensures a large contact or adhesive surface between the clamping receptacle 1 and the stud element 2 of plug-in modules which are plugged together.
  • the end face 3 of the neck element 2 tapers conically at an angle of approximately 45 °.
  • a circular-cylindrical opening 4 is provided concentrically in the middle of the end face 3, the peripheral wall 5 of which extends essentially parallel to the building axis. Because of this opening 4, the plug-in module can be combined with a rod 6 ′, which can serve as a stiffening element for larger structures or as an axis element for rotatable and pivotable structures.
  • the diameter dimensions of opening 4 and rod 6 are matched to one another in such a way that a clamping between the two is achieved, which clamping is greater or smaller due to the taper of the end face 3, depending on which side of the rod 6 ′ into the opening 4 is inserted.
  • the single-element plug-in module described advantageously has a size such that it is of children playing put in the mouth but cannot be swallowed.
  • the size is also appropriately chosen so that reasonable constructions can be built with just a few parts and the building blocks are not easily lost, even when playing outdoors.
  • the clamping receptacle height H which is expediently equal to the outer diameter of the clamping receptacle, in order to also be able to create modules with knob elements arranged perpendicular to one another, is advantageously between 18 and 20 mm.
  • the block wall thickness has proven to be favorable about 1.5 mm.
  • the inner diameter d of the clamping receptacle 1 and the outer diameter D of the knob element 2 are thus approximately 15 to 17 mm.
  • the web height h-of the knob element 2 is advantageously 6 to 7 mm.
  • the inside diameter of the opening 4 or the outside diameter of the rod 6 ' is approximately 6 mm.
  • multi-element plug-in modules are simply formed by lining up single-element plug-in modules according to FIG. 1.
  • the clamp receptacles 1 of adjacent plug-in module elements are connected by additional side wall webs 7 and top wall webs 8.
  • the clamping receptacle walls running inside the plug-in module give the multi-element plug-in module good rigidity.
  • the stiffening walls 6 in the inner region of the plug-in module have a smaller wall thickness than the clamping receiving walls in the region of the roundings 9 and than the side walls 7. Because of this reduced wall thickness of the stiffening walls 6, there is an interspace s in the area of their largest Approach. As shown, this space s is approximately equal to that Wall thickness of the clamping receptacle 1 in the area of the roundings 9 and the side walls 7. It follows from this that since the center distance e of the plug-in module elements is equal to the outer diameter H 'of the clamping receptacle, the wall thickness of the stiffening walls 6 is approximately half the wall thickness of the roundings 9 and side walls 7.
  • knob elements 2 and the top wall 8 of the plug-in module are also made with a reduced wall thickness compared to the rounded portions 9 and the side walls 7, expediently approximately the same wall thickness as the stiffening walls 6.
  • Multi-element plug-in modules with three or more elements are designed in a corresponding manner.
  • the knob element spacing e is equal to the outer diameter H 'of the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacle 1.
  • the plug-in modules lie closely together with their outer surfaces, which results in additional adhesion between the individual plug-in modules. Because of the unavoidable tolerances in the spacing of the stud elements, the more elements there are, the better the adhesion between the plug-in modules. To ensure that the effort required when plugging and unplugging multi-element plug-in modules is not so great, the spacing of the knob elements must be carried out within correspondingly narrow tolerances.
  • the one, two and three-element plug-in modules shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are generally sufficient as basic modules for carrying out numerous constructions. It goes without saying that numerous further block variants are possible. For example, double-row blocks of four or six or even slabs can be produced. Blocks in an angle or L-shape are also possible. As before As mentioned above, knob elements can also be formed on a block on mutually perpendicular clamping receiving surfaces, in order to enable building in mutually perpendicular directions. Reverse modules are also conceivable in which knob elements are arranged on opposite block sides or on one block side a knob element together with a clamping receptacle.
  • a particularly simple reversing stone is a plug-in module in the form of a clamping receptacle that is open on both sides and has the dimensions of a normal plug-in module, whereby, as with normal plug-in modules, multi-element sleeve modules are also possible.
  • Such a multi-element sleeve stone is shown in FIG. 4.
  • Keystones for completing a construction are also possible, which keystones have a smooth top wall instead of the knob elements.
  • Other final building blocks are those with partly sharp and partly rounded corners.
  • FIG. 5 A plug-in module with knob elements on mutually perpendicular surfaces is shown in FIG. 5. 1, one, two, three or, as shown, four knob elements 2 'are molded onto the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacle of a single-element plug-in component according to FIG. 1, but for manufacturing reasons, but without an end face. So that the plug-in modules plugged onto these knob elements 2 ', shown in broken lines in FIG. 5, lie snugly against the clamping sleeve 1, this can advantageously be provided with a ring collar (not shown) with a flat contact surface. Concentrically within the knob elements 2 ', smaller plug-in sleeves 11 for inserting and pushing through rods 6' are formed on the clamping sleeve 1.

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  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)

Abstract

The construction set is comprised of synthetic material elements capable of being assembled. On their upper side, the elements have a protruding portion and, in their lower side, a tightening portion. The assembly of two construction elements is obtained by introducing, under pressure, the protruding part of one of the elements into the tightening part of the other element. The material of the construction elements is a synthetic material, flexible, solid, friction resistant, undeformable and hygienic, as for example polyethylen. The tightening part (1) and the protruding part (2) are coaxial and comprised by sleeve-shaped walls. On their outer face, the elements are provided with round corners (9), and in their inner portion, with reinforcement walls (6).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Steckbausteinsatz gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a plug-in module insert according to the preamble of claim 1.

Steckbausteine aus Kunststoff haben gewöhnlich auf einer ihrer Oberflächen Noppenelemente und auf einer anderen, meist gegenüberliegenden Oberfläche Klemmaufnahmen für diese Noppenelemente ausgebildet. Das Zusammenfügen von zwei Steckbausteinen erfolgt, indem die Noppenelemente des einen Steckbausteins in die Klemmaufnahmendes anderen Steckbausteins eingedrückt werden.Plastic plug-in modules usually have nub elements on one of their surfaces and clamping receptacles for these nub elements on another, usually opposite surface. The assembly of two plug-in modules takes place by pressing the knob elements of one plug-in module into the terminal receptacles of the other plug-in module.

Bekannte Steckbausteine bestehen im allgemeinen aus einem relativ harten und glatten Kunststoffmaterial, wodurch Haftungsprobleme auftreten und das Spielen mit den Bausteinen von einem ständigen Geklapper begleitet ist. Unangenehm ist, wenn man mit nacktem Fuß auf die meist verstreut herumliegenden Bausteine auftritt, zumal die bekannten Steckbausteine meist eckig ausgeführt sind. Steckbausteine der beschriebenen Art mit abgerundeten Bausteinecken zum u.a. Rundbauen sind in den JA-PS 25 92 61 und 54 15 39 gezeigt.Known plug-in modules generally consist of a relatively hard and smooth plastic material, as a result of which liability problems arise and playing with the modules is accompanied by a constant rattle. It is uncomfortable when you step bare-footed on the mostly scattered blocks, especially since the known plug-in blocks are mostly angular. Plug-in modules of the type described with rounded module corners for e.g. Round buildings are shown in JA-PS 25 92 61 and 54 15 39.

Es sind auch schon Steckbausteine aus Weichkunststoff bekannt geworden, diese sind aber entweder von grundsätzlich anderem Aufbau oder sie sind bezüglich Stabilität und Formbeständigkeit mangelhaft.Plug-in modules made of soft plastic have also become known, but these are either of fundamentally different structures or are deficient in terms of stability and dimensional stability.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Steckbausteinsatz aus Kunststoff-Steckbausteinen zu schaffen, der nicht nur bereits in wenigen Grundformen ein äußerst vielseitiges Bauen erlaubt, sondern auch angenehm in der Hand liegt, formstabil ist und eine sichere Haftung zwischen zusammengesteckten Steinen gewährleistet.The invention has for its object to provide a plug-in module made of plastic plug-in modules that not only allows extremely versatile construction in just a few basic shapes, but is also comfortable in the hand, is dimensionally stable and ensures secure adhesion between assembled stones.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einem 5teckbausteinsatz gelöst, wie er durch den Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnet ist. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.According to the invention, this object is achieved with a 5-piece modular insert as characterized by claim 1. Developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

Der erfindungsgemäße Steckbausteinsatz erlaubt aufgrund der Abrundung der Bausteinecken ein Gegeneinander-Verschwenken zusammengefügter Steckbausteine, so daß äußerst vielseitige Konstruktionen erstellt werden können. Wände können unter einem beliebigen Winkel aufeinander zulaufen. Rundkonstruktionen wie Laufräder, Zahnräder, Türme usw. sind möglich. Noch während des Konstruierens können einzelne Bausteine oder ganze Bausteingruppen verschwenkt werden, was den Eindruck vermittelt, das Material sei knetbar. Verstärkt wird dieser Eindruck durch Verwendung eines Weichkunststoffs. Vorteilhaft findet Hochdruck-Polyäthylen (PE-weich) der Type PE-M-20-200-00 (nach DIN 16 776) Verwendung. Dieses Bausteinmaterial liegt gut und angenehm in der Hand. Es ist abriebfest und formbeständig sowie lebensmittelrechtlich unbedenklich. Es stellt auch eine gute Haftung zwischen zusammengesteckten Bausteinen sicher. Einerseits durch die Abrundung der Bausteinecken und andererseits durch die Verwendung eines weichen Kunststoffs kann sich selbst ein Kleinkind nicht an den Bausteinen wehtun.The plug-in module insert according to the invention allows, because of the rounding of the module corners, pivoting together of assembled plug-in modules, so that extremely versatile constructions can be created. Walls can converge at any angle. Round constructions such as impellers, gears, towers etc. are possible. Individual blocks or entire groups of blocks can still be swiveled during the construction, which gives the impression that the material is kneadable. This impression is reinforced by the use of a soft plastic. High-pressure polyethylene (soft PE) of type PE-M-20-200-00 (according to DIN 16 776) is advantageously used. This building block material lies comfortably and comfortably in the hand. It is abrasion-resistant, dimensionally stable and safe under food law. It also ensures good adhesion between assembled blocks. On the one hand, by rounding off the corners of the building blocks and, on the other hand, by using a soft plastic, even a small child cannot hurt the building blocks.

Damit das Noppenelement des einen Steckbausteins in der Klemmaufnahme des anderen Steckbausteins nicht nur gut haftet, sondern während einer Schwenkbewegung auch gut geführt ist, ist das Noppenelement mit einer relativ großen Steghöhe ausgeführt. Günstig hat sich eine Steghöhe von etwa ein Viertel bis ein Halb und vorzugsweise von etwa ein Drittel der Klemmaufnahmehöhe des Bausteins erwiesen. Die Klemmaufnahme für das Noppenelement ist ein hülsenförmiges Wandteil, auf dem koaxial das Noppenelement sitzt. Mit seiner zylindrischen Außenfläche bildet das hülsenförmige .Wandteil die abgerundeten Bausteinecken. Soweit das hülsenförmige Wandteil im Falle eines mehrelementrigen Bausteins innerhalb des Bausteins zu liegen kommt, bildet es eine Versteifungswand, die dem Baustein eine ausreichende Formbeständigkeit gibt.So that the knob element of one plug-in module not only adheres well in the terminal receptacle of the other plug-in module, but also well during a pivoting movement leads, the knob element is designed with a relatively large web height. A web height of about a quarter to a half and preferably about a third of the clamping receptacle height of the module has proven favorable. The clamping receptacle for the knob element is a sleeve-shaped wall part on which the knob element sits coaxially. With its cylindrical outer surface, the sleeve-shaped wall part forms the rounded corner blocks. Insofar as the sleeve-shaped wall part comes to lie within the module in the case of a multi-element module, it forms a stiffening wall which gives the module sufficient dimensional stability.

Zur Erzielung eines gut haftenden Sitzes der Noppenelemente in den Klemmaufnahmen ist die Einhaltung gewisser Toleranzen beim Spritzgießen der Steckbausteine sicherzustellen. Ein Schiebe- oder Gleitsitz nach "ISA-Passungen" hat sich als günstig erwiesen.To achieve a well-adhering fit of the knob elements in the clamping receptacles, certain tolerances must be ensured when injection molding the plug-in modules. A sliding or sliding fit after "ISA fits" has proven to be cheap.

Zur Vermeidung von Materialansammlungen, einerseits dort, wo benachbarte Klemmaufnahmen mehrelementriger Steckbausteine aneinanderstoßen, und andererseits dort, wo die geraden Seitenwände eines Bausteins in die hülsenförmigen Klemmaufnahmen einlaufen, ist gemäß einer zweckmäßigen Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß die zylindrischen Wandteile der hülsenförmigen Klemmaufnahmen im Innenbereich der Bausteine mit einer gegenüber der Wandstärke im Bereich der Bausteinaußenseiten verminderten Wandstärke ausgeführt sind. Ebenso werden die die hülsenförmigen Klemmaufnahmen mit den Noppenelementen verbindende Deckwand-sowie die Nöppenelemente selbst vorteilhaft mit einer verminderten Wandstärke ausgeführt. Durch die Wandstärkeverminderung belassen die zylindrischen Innenwandteile benachbarter hülsenförmiger Klemmaufnahmen auch im Bereich der größten Annäherung einen Zwischenraum, der vorteilhaft etwa gleich der Wandstärke der hülsenförmigen Klemmaufnahmen im Bereich der Bausteinecken ist. Indem Materialansammlungen vermieden werden, werden auch "Einziehungen" beim Spritzgießen weitgehend vermieden, wodurch eine genaue Parallelität benachbarter Klemmaufnahmen und Noppenelemente sichergestellt ist. Die Steckbausteine lassen sich leicht stecken und haften dennoch gut aneinander. Aufgrund des-Zwischenraums zwischen benachbarten Klemmaufnahmen kann die Spritzgußform mit erhöhter Stabilität ausgeführt werden, was sich in einer hohen Lebensdauer auswirkt.In order to avoid material accumulation, on the one hand where adjacent clamping receptacles of multi-element plug-in modules meet, and on the other hand where the straight side walls of a module enter the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles, it is provided according to an expedient development of the invention that the cylindrical wall parts of the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles in the interior of the Blocks are designed with a reduced wall thickness compared to the wall thickness in the area of the outside of the block. Likewise, the top wall connecting the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles with the knob elements and the boss elements themselves are advantageously designed with a reduced wall thickness. As a result of the reduction in wall thickness, the cylindrical inner wall parts of adjacent sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles also leave a space in the area of the greatest approximation, which is advantageously approximately equal to the wall thickness of the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles in the area of the block corners is. By avoiding accumulation of material, "pinching" during injection molding is largely avoided, which ensures precise parallelism of adjacent clamping receptacles and knob elements. The plug-in modules are easy to plug in and nevertheless adhere well to one another. Because of the space between adjacent clamping receptacles, the injection mold can be designed with increased stability, which results in a long service life.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung weisen die Noppenelemente eine konisch zulaufende Stirnfläche auf, die das Einführen in die hülsenförmigen Klemmaufnahmen erleichtert. Eine konzentrisch in der Stirnfläche der Noppenelemente vorgesehene kreisförmige Öffnung verhindert, daß beim Zusammenstecken der Bausteine innerhalb der hülsenförmigen Klemmaufnahmen ein Luftpolster eingeschlossen wird, welches das Zusammenstecken erschwert. Diese Öffnung kann vorteilhaft zum Ein- und Durchstecken eines Stabes herangezogen werden, der zum Versteifen der Konstruktion oder als Drehachse dienen kann. Die Öffnung bringt noch einen Zusatzeffekt, indem sie den Steckbaustein zu einem Pfeifchen macht. Auch bei Verwendung der (schwimmenden) Steckbausteine im Wasser ergeben sich dadurch Zusatzeffekte.According to an advantageous development of the invention, the knob elements have a conically tapering end face, which facilitates insertion into the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles. A circular opening provided concentrically in the end face of the knob elements prevents an air cushion from being trapped inside the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles when the modules are plugged together, which makes it difficult to plug them together. This opening can advantageously be used to insert and push through a rod, which can serve to stiffen the construction or as an axis of rotation. The opening brings an additional effect by making the plug-in module a whistle. This also results in additional effects when using the (floating) plug-in modules in water.

Wie eingangs gesagt, lassen sich bereits mit wenigen Grundformen von Steckbausteinen die phantasievollsten Konstruktionen erstellen. Nachfolgend wird ein Steckbausteinsatz aus solchen Grundbausteinen beschrieben. Zahlreiche andere Sonderformen von Steckbausteinen sind möglich, von denen eine besonders einfache zur Illustration herausgegriffen ist. Die beigefügten Zeichnungen zeigen

  • Fig. 1 bis 3 jeweils im Längs- und Querschnitt Steckbausteine mit einem zwei bzw. drei Noppenelementen und entsprechenden Klemmaufnahmen;
  • Fig. 4 im Längs- und Querschnitt einen Steckbaustein in Form einer beidseitig offenen Klemmaufnahmehülse;und
  • Fig. 5 in der Seiten-u.Draufsicht,teilweise im Schnitt.,einen Steckbaustein mit Noppenelementen an zueinander senkrechten Oberflächen.
As I said at the beginning, the most imaginative constructions can be created with just a few basic shapes of plug-in modules. A plug-in module set consisting of such basic modules is described below. Numerous other special forms of plug-in modules are possible, one of which is particularly simple for illustration. The attached drawings show
  • Figures 1 to 3 each in longitudinal and cross-section plug-in modules with a two or three knob elements and corresponding clamp receptacles.
  • Fig. 4 in longitudinal and cross section a plug-in module in the form of a clamping receptacle open on both sides; and
  • Fig. 5 in side and top view, partly in section, a plug-in module with knob elements on mutually perpendicular surfaces.

Gemäß Fig. 1 besteht ein Steckbaustein aus einer zylindrischen oder hülsenförmigen Klemmaufnahme 1, auf die koaxial ein Noppenelement 2 aufgesetzt ist. Der Innendurchmesser d der Klemmaufnahme 1 hat gleiche Nennweite wie der Außendurchmesser D des Noppenelements 2, wobei bei der Herstellung solche Toleranzen sicherzustellen sind, daß einerseits das Noppenelement 2 des einen Steckbausteins ohne große Kraftanstrengung in die hülsenförmige Klemmaufnahme 1 eines anderen Steckbausteins eingedrückt werden kann, aber andererseits eine gut haftende Verbindung zwischen beiden möglich ist.1, a plug-in module consists of a cylindrical or sleeve-shaped clamping receptacle 1, on which a knob element 2 is placed coaxially. The inside diameter d of the clamping receptacle 1 has the same nominal width as the outside diameter D of the knob element 2, whereby tolerances must be ensured during manufacture that, on the one hand, the knob element 2 of the one plug-in module can be pressed into the sleeve-shaped clamp receptacle 1 of another plug-in module without great effort, but on the other hand, a good adhesive bond between the two is possible.

Ein gut haftender Sitz des Noppenelements 2 in der hülsenförmigen Klemmaufnahme 1 wird noch durch die Verwendung eines Weichkunststoffs sowie dadurch unterstützt, daß das Noppenelement mit relativ großer Steghöhe h ausgeführt ist. Im dargestellten Fall beträgt die Steghöhe h etwa ein Drittel der Klemmaufnahmehöhe H. Damit ist eine große Anlage- bzw. Haftfläche zwischen Klemmaufnahme 1 und Noppenelement 2 zusammengesteckter Steckbausteine sichergestellt.A well adhering fit of the knob element 2 in the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacle 1 is further supported by the use of a soft plastic and by the fact that the knob element is designed with a relatively large web height h. In the case shown, the web height h is approximately one third of the clamping receptacle height H. This ensures a large contact or adhesive surface between the clamping receptacle 1 and the stud element 2 of plug-in modules which are plugged together.

Wie dargestellt, läuft die Stirnfläche 3 des Ncppenelements 2 unter einem Winkel von etwa 45° konisch zu. Konzentrisch in der Mitte der Stirnfläche 3 ist eine kreiszylindrische Öffnung 4 vorgesehen, deren Umfangswand 5 im wesentlichen parallel zur Bäusteinächse verläuft. Aufgrund dieser Öffnung 4 kann der Steckbaustein mit einem Stab 6'kombiniert werden, der als Versteifungselement für größere Konstruktionen oder als Achselement für dreh- und schwenkbare Konstruktionen dienen kann. Die Durchmessermaße von Öffnung 4 und Stab 6'sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, daß eine Klemmung zwischen beiden erzielt wird, welche Klemmung aufgrund der Konizität der Stirnfläche 3 größer oder kleiner ist, je nach-dem von welcher Seite der Stab 6'in die Öffnung 4 eingeschoben wird.As shown, the end face 3 of the neck element 2 tapers conically at an angle of approximately 45 °. A circular-cylindrical opening 4 is provided concentrically in the middle of the end face 3, the peripheral wall 5 of which extends essentially parallel to the building axis. Because of this opening 4, the plug-in module can be combined with a rod 6 ′, which can serve as a stiffening element for larger structures or as an axis element for rotatable and pivotable structures. The diameter dimensions of opening 4 and rod 6 are matched to one another in such a way that a clamping between the two is achieved, which clamping is greater or smaller due to the taper of the end face 3, depending on which side of the rod 6 ′ into the opening 4 is inserted.

Der beschriebene einelementrige Steckbaustein hat vorteilhaft eine solche Größe, daß er von spielenden Kindern zwar in den Mund genommen aber nicht verschluckt werden kann. Die Größe ist auch zweckmäßig so gewählt, daß bereits mit wenigen Teilen vernünftige Konstruktionen aufgebaut werden können und die Bausteine, auch beim Spielen im Freien nicht so leicht verloren gehen. Die Klemmaufnahmehöhe H, die zweckmäßig gleich dem Außendurchmesser der Klemmaufnahme ist, um auch Bausteine mit senkrecht zueinander angeordneten Noppenelementen schaffen zu können, liegt vorteilhaft zwischen 18 und 20 mm. Als Bausteinwandstärke hat sich etwa 1,5 mm als günstig erwiesen. Damit liegen der Innendurchmesser d der Klemmaufnahme 1 und der Außendurchmesser D des Noppenelements 2 bei etwa 15 bis 17 mm. Die Steghöhe h-des Noppenelements 2 beträgt vorteilhaft 6 bis 7 mm. Der Innendurchmesser der Öffnung 4 bzw. der Außendurchmesser des Stabs 6' liegt bei etwa 6 mm.The single-element plug-in module described advantageously has a size such that it is of children playing put in the mouth but cannot be swallowed. The size is also appropriately chosen so that reasonable constructions can be built with just a few parts and the building blocks are not easily lost, even when playing outdoors. The clamping receptacle height H, which is expediently equal to the outer diameter of the clamping receptacle, in order to also be able to create modules with knob elements arranged perpendicular to one another, is advantageously between 18 and 20 mm. The block wall thickness has proven to be favorable about 1.5 mm. The inner diameter d of the clamping receptacle 1 and the outer diameter D of the knob element 2 are thus approximately 15 to 17 mm. The web height h-of the knob element 2 is advantageously 6 to 7 mm. The inside diameter of the opening 4 or the outside diameter of the rod 6 'is approximately 6 mm.

Gemäß Fig. 2 und 3 werden mehrelementrige Steckbausteine einfach durch Aneinanderreihung von einelementrigen Steckbausteinen gemäß Fig. 1 gebildet. Aus Gründen der Steifigkeit und aus optischen Gründen sind jedoch die Klemmaufnahmen 1 benachbarter Steckbausteinelemente durch zusätzliche Seitenwandstege 7 und Deckwandstege 8 verbunden. Damit erhalten die mehrelementrigen Steckbausteine ebene Seitenwände, während im Bereich der Ecken die hülsenförmigen Klemmaufnahmen 1 Abrundungen 9 bilden. Die innerhalb des Steckbausteins verlaufenden Klemmaufnahmewände geben dem mehrelementrigen Steckbaustein eine gute Steifigkeit.According to FIGS. 2 and 3, multi-element plug-in modules are simply formed by lining up single-element plug-in modules according to FIG. 1. For reasons of rigidity and for optical reasons, however, the clamp receptacles 1 of adjacent plug-in module elements are connected by additional side wall webs 7 and top wall webs 8. This gives the multi-element plug-in modules flat side walls, while the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles 1 form rounded portions 9 in the region of the corners. The clamping receptacle walls running inside the plug-in module give the multi-element plug-in module good rigidity.

Wie aus der Zeichnung ersichtlich, haben die Versteifungswände 6 im Innenbereich des Steckbausteins eine geringere Wandstärke als die Klemmaufnahmewände im Bereich der Abrundungen 9 und als die Seitenwände 7. Aufgrund dieser verringerten Wandstärke der Versteifungswände 6 ergibt sich zwischen beiden ein Zwischenraum s auch im Bereich ihrer größten Annäherung. Dieser Zwischenraum s ist, wie dargestellt, etwa gleich der Wandstärke der Klemmaufnahme 1 im Bereich der Abrundungen 9 und der Seitenwände 7. Daraus ergibt sich, da der Mittenabstand e der Steckbausteinelemente gleich dem Außendurchmesser H' der Klemmaufnahme ist, daß die Wandstärke der Versteifungswände 6 etwa halb so groß ist wie die Wandstärke der Abrundungen 9 und Seitenwände 7.As can be seen from the drawing, the stiffening walls 6 in the inner region of the plug-in module have a smaller wall thickness than the clamping receiving walls in the region of the roundings 9 and than the side walls 7. Because of this reduced wall thickness of the stiffening walls 6, there is an interspace s in the area of their largest Approach. As shown, this space s is approximately equal to that Wall thickness of the clamping receptacle 1 in the area of the roundings 9 and the side walls 7. It follows from this that since the center distance e of the plug-in module elements is equal to the outer diameter H 'of the clamping receptacle, the wall thickness of the stiffening walls 6 is approximately half the wall thickness of the roundings 9 and side walls 7.

Aus Gründen der Materialersparnis und da festigkeitsmäßig zulässig, sind die Noppenelemente 2 und die Deckwand 8 des Steckbausteins ebenfalls mit einer gegenüber den Abrundungen 9 und der Seitenwände 7 verminderten Wandstärke ausgeführt, zweckmäßig in etwa gleicher Wandstärke wie die Versteifungswände 6.For reasons of saving material and since it is permissible in terms of strength, the knob elements 2 and the top wall 8 of the plug-in module are also made with a reduced wall thickness compared to the rounded portions 9 and the side walls 7, expediently approximately the same wall thickness as the stiffening walls 6.

Mehrelementrige Steckbausteine mit drei oder mehr Elementen sind in-entsprechender Weise ausgebildet.Multi-element plug-in modules with three or more elements are designed in a corresponding manner.

Wie ausgeführt, ist der Noppenelementabstand e gleich dem Außendurchmesser H' der hülsenförmigen Klemmaufnahme 1. Beim Zusammenstecken mehrerer Steckbausteine liegen demnach die Steckbausteine mit ihren Außenflächen eng aneinander, wodurch sich eine zusätzliche Haftung zwischen den einzelnen Steckbausteinen ergibt. Wegen der unvermeidbaren Toleranzen im Noppenelementabstand ergibt sich eine umso bessere Haftung zwischen den Steckbausteinen, je mehr Elemente diese aufweisen. Damit der Kraftaufwand beim Zusammenstecken und Wiederlösen mehrelementriger Steckbausteine nicht so groß wird, ist der Noppenelementabstand in entsprechend engen Toleranzen auszuführen.As stated, the knob element spacing e is equal to the outer diameter H 'of the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacle 1. When several plug-in modules are plugged together, the plug-in modules lie closely together with their outer surfaces, which results in additional adhesion between the individual plug-in modules. Because of the unavoidable tolerances in the spacing of the stud elements, the more elements there are, the better the adhesion between the plug-in modules. To ensure that the effort required when plugging and unplugging multi-element plug-in modules is not so great, the spacing of the knob elements must be carried out within correspondingly narrow tolerances.

Die in den Fig. 1, 2 und 3 dargestellten ein-, zwei- bzw. dreielementrigen Steckbausteine genügen im allgemeinen als Grundbausteine zur Ausführung zahlreicher Konstruktionen. Es versteht sich, daß zahlreiche weitere Bausteinvarianten möglich sind. Beispielsweise können zweireihige Vierer- oder Sechser-Steine oder sogar Plattensteine hergestellt werden. Es sind auch Bausteine in Winkel oder L-Form möglich. Wie bereits oben erwähnt, können an einem Baustein auch Noppenelemente an zueinander senkrechten Klemmaufnahmeflächen ausgebildet werden, um ein Bauen in zueinander senkrechten Richtungen zu ermöglichen. Es sind auch Umkehrbausteine denkbar, bei denen Noppenelemente auf gegenüberliegenden Bausteinseiten oder auf einer Bausteinseite ein Noppenelement zusammen mit einer Klemmaufnahme angeordnet sind.The one, two and three-element plug-in modules shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are generally sufficient as basic modules for carrying out numerous constructions. It goes without saying that numerous further block variants are possible. For example, double-row blocks of four or six or even slabs can be produced. Blocks in an angle or L-shape are also possible. As before As mentioned above, knob elements can also be formed on a block on mutually perpendicular clamping receiving surfaces, in order to enable building in mutually perpendicular directions. Reverse modules are also conceivable in which knob elements are arranged on opposite block sides or on one block side a knob element together with a clamping receptacle.

Ein besonders einfacher Umkehrstein ist ein Steckbaustein in Form einer beidseitig offenen Klemmaufnahmehülse mit den Maßen eines normalen Steckbausteins, wobei wie bei normalen Steckbausteinen auch mehrelementrige Hülsensteine möglich sind. Ein solcher mehrelementriger Hülsenstein ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt. Durch beidseitiges Einstecken normaler Steckbausteine in einen Hülsenstein wird eine Umkehr der Baurichtung erzielt. Zum ungehinderten beidseitigen Einstecken ist es erforderlich, daß die Gesamthöhe der Noppenelemente eines Steckbausteins gleich oder kleiner ist wie die halbe Höhe H der Klemmaufnahme.A particularly simple reversing stone is a plug-in module in the form of a clamping receptacle that is open on both sides and has the dimensions of a normal plug-in module, whereby, as with normal plug-in modules, multi-element sleeve modules are also possible. Such a multi-element sleeve stone is shown in FIG. 4. By inserting normal plug-in modules on both sides into a sleeve, the direction of construction is reversed. For unimpeded insertion on both sides, it is necessary that the total height of the knob elements of a plug-in module is equal to or less than half the height H of the clamping receptacle.

Es sind auch Schlußsteine zum Abschließen einer Konstruktion möglich, welche Schlußsteine statt der Noppenelemente eine glatte Deckwand haben. Andere Schlußbausteine sind solche mit teilweise scharfen und teilweise abgerundeten Ecken.Keystones for completing a construction are also possible, which keystones have a smooth top wall instead of the knob elements. Other final building blocks are those with partly sharp and partly rounded corners.

Ein Steckbaustein mit Noppenelementen an zueinander senkrechten Oberflächen ist in Fig. 5 gezeigt. An die hülsenförmige Klemmaufnahme 1 eines einelementrigen Steckbausteins gemäß Fig. 1 sind senkrecht zur Bausteinachse 10 ein, zwei,drei-oder, wie dargestellt, vier Noppenelemente 2', aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen aber ohne Stirnfläche, angeformt. Damit die auf diese Noppenelemente 2' aufgesteckten Steckbausteine, in Fig.5 gestrichelt dargestellt, satt an der Klemmhülse 1 anliegen, kann.diese vorteilhaft mit einem (nicht dargestellten) Ringbund mit ebener Auflagefläche versehen sein. Konzen trisch innerhalb der Noppenelemente 2' sind an die Klemmhülse 1 kleinere SteckhUlsen 11 zum Ein- und Durchstecken von Stäben 6' angeformt.A plug-in module with knob elements on mutually perpendicular surfaces is shown in FIG. 5. 1, one, two, three or, as shown, four knob elements 2 'are molded onto the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacle of a single-element plug-in component according to FIG. 1, but for manufacturing reasons, but without an end face. So that the plug-in modules plugged onto these knob elements 2 ', shown in broken lines in FIG. 5, lie snugly against the clamping sleeve 1, this can advantageously be provided with a ring collar (not shown) with a flat contact surface. Concentrically within the knob elements 2 ', smaller plug-in sleeves 11 for inserting and pushing through rods 6' are formed on the clamping sleeve 1.

Claims (10)

1. Steckbausteinsatz aus Kunststoff-Steckbausteinen mit abgerundeten Bausteinecken, mit einem, zwei oder mehr zylindrischen Noppenelementen auf einer Oberseite und einer entsprechenden Anzahl von Klemmaufnahmen für die Noppenelemente in einer Unterseite, wobei der Innenbereich mehrelementriger Steckbausteine durch Versteifungswände stabilisiert ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Bausteinmaterial ein gut haftender, formbeständiger, abriebfester und lebensmittelrechtlich unbedenklicher Weichkunststoff ist.1. Plug-in module made of plastic plug-in modules with rounded module corners, with one, two or more cylindrical knob elements on an upper side and a corresponding number of clamping receptacles for the knob elements in a lower side, the interior of multi-element plug-in modules being stabilized by stiffening walls, characterized in that Building block material is a well-adhering, dimensionally stable, abrasion-resistant and food-safe soft plastic. 2. Steckbausteinsatz nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Bausteinmaterial Hochdruck-Polyäthylen (PE-weich) ist.2. plug-in module according to claim 1, characterized in that the block material is high-pressure polyethylene (PE-soft). 3. Steckbausteinsatz nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Klemmaufnahmen (1) von hülsenförmigen Wandteilen gebildet sind, die im Bereich der Bausteinaußenseiten die abgerundeten Bausteinecken (9) und im Innenbereich der durch gerade Seitenwände begrenzten, mehrelementrigen Bausteine die Versteifungswände (6) bilden.3. Plug-in module insert according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the clamping receptacles (1) are formed by sleeve-shaped wall parts, the rounded block corners (9) in the area of the block outer sides and the stiffening walls (6) in the inner region of the multi-element blocks limited by straight side walls ) form. 4. Steckbausteinsatz nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die hülsenförmigen Wandteile der Klemmaufnahmen (1) im Innenbereich der Bausteine mit einer gegenüber der Wandstärke im Bereich der Bausteinaußenseiten verminderten Wandstärke ausgeführt sind und somit die Innenwandteile (6) benachbarter Klemmaufnahmen (1) auch im Bereich der größten Annäherung einen Zwischenraum (s) belassen.4. plug-in module insert according to claim 3, characterized in that the sleeve-shaped wall parts of the clamping receptacles (1) in the interior of the blocks are designed with a reduced wall thickness compared to the wall thickness in the area of the block exterior and thus the Leave inner wall parts (6) of adjacent clamp receptacles (1) a gap (s) even in the area of greatest proximity. 5. Steckbausteinsatz nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Noppenelemente (2) und die Deckwand (8) mit einer gegenüber der Wandstärke im Bereich der abgerundeten Bausteinecken (9) verminderten Wandstärke ausgeführt sind.5. Plug-in module insert according to claim 4, characterized in that the knob elements (2) and the top wall (8) are designed with a reduced wall thickness compared to the wall thickness in the region of the rounded block corners (9). 6. Steckbausteinsatz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Noppenelemente (2) eine konisch zulaufende Stirnfläche (3) aufweisen, in der konzentrisch eine kreisförmige Öffnung (4) vorgesehen ist.6. Plug-in module insert according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the knob elements (2) have a tapered end face (3) in which a circular opening (4) is provided concentrically. 7. Steckbausteinsatz nach Anspruch 6, gekennzeichnet durch Stäbe (6') zum klemmenden Einstecken in die Öffnungen (4).7. plug-in module insert according to claim 6, characterized by rods (6 ') for clamping insertion into the openings (4). 8. Steckbausteinsatz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Noppenelemente (2) eine Gesamthöhe gleich oder wenig kleiner der halben Höhe (H) der hülsenförmigen Klemmaufnahmen (1) aufweisen und daß der Außendurchmesser (H') der Klemmaufnahmen gleich ihrer Höhe (H) ist.8. plug-in module insert according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the knob elements (2) have an overall height equal to or slightly less than half the height (H) of the sleeve-shaped clamping receptacles (1) and that the outer diameter (H ') of the clamping receptacles is the same their height (H) is. 9. Steckbausteinsatz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet durch einen Steckbaustein in Form einer oder mehrerer aneinandergereihter, beidseitig offener Klemmaufnahmenhülsen.9. plug-in module insert according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by a plug-in module in the form of one or more lined up, on both sides open receptacle sleeves. 10. Steckbausteinsatz nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet durch einen Steckbaustein mit Noppenelementen und/oder Klemmaufnahmen an zueinander senkrechten Bausteinseiten.10. plug-in module insert according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by a plug-in module with knob elements and / or clamping receptacles on mutually perpendicular module sides.
EP81106221A 1980-08-13 1981-08-08 Building block set Expired EP0045963B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81106221T ATE13980T1 (en) 1980-08-13 1981-08-08 PLUG-IN MODULE INSERT.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803030659 DE3030659A1 (en) 1980-08-13 1980-08-13 Push=on building brick set - consisting of hollow high-pressure die units with spigot interconnections
DE3030659 1980-08-13
DE8104704U 1981-02-20
DE19818104704 DE8104704U1 (en) 1981-02-20 1981-02-20 PLUG-IN KIT

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0045963A1 true EP0045963A1 (en) 1982-02-17
EP0045963B1 EP0045963B1 (en) 1985-06-26

Family

ID=25787222

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EP81106221A Expired EP0045963B1 (en) 1980-08-13 1981-08-08 Building block set

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EP (1) EP0045963B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6058878B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3171121D1 (en)
DK (1) DK157661C (en)
FI (1) FI70799C (en)
HK (1) HK52086A (en)
HU (1) HU183639B (en)
MY (1) MY8800053A (en)
SG (1) SG96185G (en)
WO (1) WO1982000595A1 (en)
YU (1) YU42417B (en)

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DE3502159A1 (en) * 1984-01-31 1985-08-01 Anton 8070 Ingolstadt Meyer Plug-in figure
DE3502146A1 (en) * 1984-01-31 1985-08-01 Anton 8070 Ingolstadt Meyer Plug-in element
FR2626495A1 (en) * 1988-01-30 1989-08-04 Hesse Kurt CONSTRUCTION GAME
WO1996009869A1 (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-04-04 Lego A/S A stackable block system
DE102009005094A1 (en) 2009-01-19 2010-08-05 Poly-M Spielwaren Gmbh Toy building block, particularly plugging building block, is formed in form of wheel disk, and has hub for attaching to rotational axis and ring gear on outer circumference of wheel disk

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US4744780A (en) * 1986-02-06 1988-05-17 Tyco Industries, Inc. Adapter block

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US2826906A (en) * 1954-07-07 1958-03-18 William A Rice Wall of building blocks
FR1232715A (en) * 1959-08-07 1960-10-11 soft plastic element for toy construction
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US2826906A (en) * 1954-07-07 1958-03-18 William A Rice Wall of building blocks
FR1232715A (en) * 1959-08-07 1960-10-11 soft plastic element for toy construction
DE1478616A1 (en) * 1962-02-09 1969-09-18 Berco Lux Nv Toy building element
DE1603573A1 (en) * 1966-08-12 1970-06-04 Erwin Seckelmann Construction toys
US3518786A (en) * 1968-04-30 1970-07-07 Dolly Toy Co Block with resilient foam core and plastic cover
GB1269755A (en) * 1970-05-27 1972-04-06 Lion Ind Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to toy building bricks
FR2144996A5 (en) * 1971-07-06 1973-02-16 Kiddicraft France

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3502159A1 (en) * 1984-01-31 1985-08-01 Anton 8070 Ingolstadt Meyer Plug-in figure
DE3502146A1 (en) * 1984-01-31 1985-08-01 Anton 8070 Ingolstadt Meyer Plug-in element
FR2626495A1 (en) * 1988-01-30 1989-08-04 Hesse Kurt CONSTRUCTION GAME
WO1996009869A1 (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-04-04 Lego A/S A stackable block system
AU689322B2 (en) * 1994-09-29 1998-03-26 Interlego Ag A stackable block system
DE102009005094A1 (en) 2009-01-19 2010-08-05 Poly-M Spielwaren Gmbh Toy building block, particularly plugging building block, is formed in form of wheel disk, and has hub for attaching to rotational axis and ring gear on outer circumference of wheel disk

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57501269A (en) 1982-07-22
YU195581A (en) 1983-10-31
EP0045963B1 (en) 1985-06-26
YU42417B (en) 1988-08-31
HU183639B (en) 1984-05-28
HK52086A (en) 1986-07-11
SG96185G (en) 1988-07-15
JPS6058878B2 (en) 1985-12-21
FI821294A0 (en) 1982-04-13
DK157661C (en) 1990-06-25
DE3171121D1 (en) 1985-08-01
MY8800053A (en) 1988-12-31
DK157661B (en) 1990-02-05
FI821294L (en) 1982-04-13
DK141982A (en) 1982-03-29
FI70799B (en) 1986-07-18
FI70799C (en) 1987-12-30
WO1982000595A1 (en) 1982-03-04

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