EP0042965A1 - Process for preparing a pigmented lacquer - Google Patents
Process for preparing a pigmented lacquer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0042965A1 EP0042965A1 EP81103818A EP81103818A EP0042965A1 EP 0042965 A1 EP0042965 A1 EP 0042965A1 EP 81103818 A EP81103818 A EP 81103818A EP 81103818 A EP81103818 A EP 81103818A EP 0042965 A1 EP0042965 A1 EP 0042965A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- black
- heat
- pigment
- white
- calcium carbonate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/24—Ablative recording, e.g. by burning marks; Spark recording
- B41M5/245—Electroerosion or spark recording
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a pigmented lacquer for recording media coated or coated with an aluminum layer or layer containing aluminum.
- German patent application P 30 07 330.4 it has already been proposed to pigment the lacquer used for recording media coated with aluminum or with aluminum-containing coatings in such a way that the electrodes run on the tips of the pigments when printing in an electroerosion printer. In this way it is largely prevented that the electrodes heated by the writing process come into direct contact with the lacquer. Without the addition of such a pigment, in particular calcium carbonate, the heated electrodes would partially pyrolyze the lacquer during the writing process, so that the vapors formed condense in the dusty burn-up residues and form a solid cake after a certain time, which ultimately disrupts the writing process. According to the above-mentioned German patent application, this baking was prevented by the addition of CaC0 3 . The fission products of CaC0 3 that occur, namely CaO and CaC 2 , also act as drying agents.
- varnishes should generally be colored dark or black in order to achieve sufficient contrast during the printing process. This can be achieved, for example, by adding a black or dark pigment to the paint.
- a black or dark pigment such as B. CaCO 3
- this pigment prevents a completely black appearance of the printed areas despite the coloring of the paint with soot, although the paint not coated with aluminum appears extremely dark. This is because, even if their diameter is greater than the thickness of the lacquer, these pigments are largely enveloped by the lacquer enriched with soot.
- the electrodes run over the tops of the pigment grains, they tear open the very thin lacquer layer and sometimes even smash the tips of the pigment grains, so that the white pigment, for example CaCO 3 , appears.
- the grains are not only attacked in the area of the burned-out areas in the manner described above, but also where the electrodes rub over the paper without writing.
- the aluminum layer which is only about 30 to 40 nm thick, offers no mechanical protection, microscopic holes are created in the aluminum layer, in which the white pigment, for example CaC0 3 , appears.
- the tearing off of the thin dark lacquer layer and the white pigment tips, which can consist of CaCO 3 , for example has an extremely favorable effect, because the white holes in the aluminum layer are barely visible to the naked eye and are also used by one for reproduction Camera not played back. In other words, the grinding marks are reduced to values that are no longer disturbing.
- the object of the invention is therefore a. to selectively color these pigment grains in such a way that those pigments which come into contact with the hot electrodes at the burned-out areas turn dark, while those pigments which are at the places not described about which the electrodes are only in the cold Running condition, maintaining its light or white appearance.
- a white pigment is used, the grain size of which is larger than that of all the other pigments in the paint, so that this pigment projects beyond the paint surface, and in that this pigment turns dark or black when exposed to heat.
- a substance is used for the white pigment which, when exposed to heat, turns itself dark or black. It is also possible to use a substance for the white pigment with additives which, when exposed to heat, cause the pigment to turn dark or black.
- the procedure is such that an artificial or natural, granulated hard polymer is used as the white pigment, which turns dark or black under the influence of heat.
- the calcium carbonate is precipitated together with a substance which forms a white carbonate and which changes color black or dark when exposed to heat. In any case it is either the white pigment itself that turns dark when exposed to heat, or a substance added to the white pigment that causes the pigment itself to turn dark when exposed to heat.
- the calcium carbonate is precipitated together with white lead carbonate, which decomposes to black lead oxides under the action of heat.
- the calcium carbonate is precipitated together with white silver carbonate, which decomposes to black colloidal silver under the action of heat.
- the calcium carbonate is precipitated in an organic aqueous solution, as a result of which organic molecules are incorporated into the CaCO 3 as Ca salts or alkaline salts.
- the calcium carbonate can be precipitated together with sodium glycolate.
- the charring temperature can be set exactly to the desired point. This is particularly important so that there is no further blackening of the white pigments immediately behind the burned-out areas, so that there is no longer any tracing. If one again looks at the special case in which the calcium carbonate is precipitated together with sodium glycolate, an addition of about 10% sodium glycolate having proven to be particularly favorable, then it is found that immediately behind the burnt-out areas, a further blackening of CaC0 3 - Crystals no longer takes place, so that no tracing is recognizable. However, it has been found that the clear black color obtained in this way changes to a brown tint on prolonged glowing, which may be due to the oxidation of some of the carbon with atmospheric oxygen.
Landscapes
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Heat Sensitive Colour Forming Recording (AREA)
Abstract
Verfahren zum Herstellen eines pigmentierten Lackes für mit einer aus Aluminium bestehenden oder aluminiumhaltigen Shicht überzogenen oder beschichteten Aufzeichnungsträgers, bei dem ein weißes Pigment verwendet wird, dessen Korngröße größer als die aller übrigen in dem Lack befindlichen Pigmente ist, wobei dieses Pigment über die Lackoberfläche hinausragt und sich unter Wärmeeinwirkung dunkel oder schwarz verfärbt.Process for producing a pigmented lacquer for recording media coated or coated with an aluminum or aluminum-containing layer, in which a white pigment is used, the grain size of which is larger than that of all other pigments in the lacquer, this pigment projecting beyond the lacquer surface and turns dark or black when exposed to heat.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines pigmentierten Lackes für mit einer aus Aluminium bestehenden oder aluminiumhaltigen Schicht überzogenen oder beschichteten Aufzeichnungsträgers.The invention relates to a method for producing a pigmented lacquer for recording media coated or coated with an aluminum layer or layer containing aluminum.
In der Deutschen Patentanmeldung P 30 07 330.4 wurde bereits vorgeschlagen, den bei mit Aluminium beschichteten oder mit aluminiumhaltigen Überzügen versehenen Aufzeichnungsträger verwendeten Lack so zu pigmentieren, daß beim Drucken in einem Elektroerosionsdrucker die Elektroden auf den Spitzen der Pigmente laufen. Auf diese Weise wird weitgehend verhindert,'daß die durch den Schreibvorgang erhitzten Elektroden mit dem Lack unmittelbar in Berührung kommen. Ohne eine Beimischung eines solchen Pigments, insbesondere von Calciumcarbonat, würden beim Schreibvorgang die erhitzten Elektroden den Lack teilweise pyrolisieren, so daß die dabei entstehenden Dämpfe in den staubförmigen Abbrandrückständen kondensieren und nach einer gewissen Zeit einen festen Kuchen bilden, der schließlich den Schreibvorgang empfindlich stört. Gemäß der obengenannten Deutschen Patentanmeldung wurde dieses Backen durch die Beimischung von CaC03 verhindert. Die dabei noch auftretenden Spaltprodukte des CaC03, nämlich CaO und CaC2, wirken außerdem noch als Trocknungsmittel.In German patent application P 30 07 330.4 it has already been proposed to pigment the lacquer used for recording media coated with aluminum or with aluminum-containing coatings in such a way that the electrodes run on the tips of the pigments when printing in an electroerosion printer. In this way it is largely prevented that the electrodes heated by the writing process come into direct contact with the lacquer. Without the addition of such a pigment, in particular calcium carbonate, the heated electrodes would partially pyrolyze the lacquer during the writing process, so that the vapors formed condense in the dusty burn-up residues and form a solid cake after a certain time, which ultimately disrupts the writing process. According to the above-mentioned German patent application, this baking was prevented by the addition of CaC0 3 . The fission products of CaC0 3 that occur, namely CaO and CaC 2 , also act as drying agents.
Diese Lacke sollten im allgemeinen dunkel oder schwarz eingefärbt sein, um beim Druckvorgang einen ausreichenden Kontrast zu erzielen. Dies läßt sich beispielsweise dadurch erreichen, daß dem Lack noch ein schwarzes oder dunkles Pigment beigemischt wird. Enthält der Lack außerdem noch ein weißes Pigment, wie z. B. CaCO3, so verhindert dieses Pigment trotz der Einfärbung des Lackes mit Ruß ein vollständig schwarzes Aussehen der bedruckten Stellen, obwohl der nicht mit Aluminium beschichtete Lack außerordentlich dunkel erscheint. Diese Pigmente sind nämlich dann, auch wenn ihr Durchmesser größer ist als die Lackschichtdicke, weitgehend von dem mit Ruß angereicherten Lack umhüllt. Wenn jedoch die Elektroden über die Kuppen der Pigmentkörner laufen, reißen sie die dort sehr dünne Lackschicht auf und zertrümmern manchmal sogar die Spitzen der Pigmentkörner, so daß das weiße Pigment, beispielsweise CaC03, zum Vorschein kommt. In der obengenannten Patentanmeldung ist ebenfalls bereits vorgeschlagen worden, in diesem Fall das CaC03 dadurch einzufärben, daß es gemeinsam mit Schwermetallen ausgefällt wird, um es dunkel einzufärben. Durch diese Maßnahme könnte man beispielsweise bei einer Beimischung von CaCO3 das graue Aussehen eines derart pigmentierten Lackes sicherlich stark verringern, wenn nicht gar beseitigen.These varnishes should generally be colored dark or black in order to achieve sufficient contrast during the printing process. This can be achieved, for example, by adding a black or dark pigment to the paint. Does the paint also contain a white pigment, such as B. CaCO 3 , this pigment prevents a completely black appearance of the printed areas despite the coloring of the paint with soot, although the paint not coated with aluminum appears extremely dark. This is because, even if their diameter is greater than the thickness of the lacquer, these pigments are largely enveloped by the lacquer enriched with soot. However, if the electrodes run over the tops of the pigment grains, they tear open the very thin lacquer layer and sometimes even smash the tips of the pigment grains, so that the white pigment, for example CaCO 3 , appears. In the above-mentioned patent application it has also already been proposed to color the CaC0 3 in this case by precipitating it together with heavy metals in order to color it dark. This measure could certainly reduce, if not eliminate, the gray appearance of such a pigmented lacquer, for example when CaCO 3 was added .
Es werden bei einem derartig pigmentierten Lack jedoch die Körner nicht nur in der oben beschriebenen Weise im Bereich der ausgebrannten Stellen angegriffen, sondern auch dort, wo die Elektroden, ohne zu schreiben, über das Papier schleifen. Da die nur etwa 30 bis 40 nm starke Aluminiumschicht keinen mechanischen Schutz bietet, entstehen dort mikroskopisch feine Löcher in der Aluminiumschicht, in denen das weiße Pigment, beispielsweise CaC03, zum Vorschein kommt. Hier nun macht sich das Abreißen der dünnen dunklen Lackschicht und der weißen Pigmentspitzen, die beispielsweise aus CaCO3 bestehen können, außerordentlich günstig bemerkbar, denn die weißen Löcher in der Aluminiumschicht sind mit dem bloßen Auge kaum zu sehen und werden auch von einer zur Reproduktion verwendeten Kamera nicht wiedergegeben. Mit anderen Worten werden hier die Schleifspuren auf nicht mehr störende Werte verringert.With such a pigmented lacquer, however, the grains are not only attacked in the area of the burned-out areas in the manner described above, but also where the electrodes rub over the paper without writing. Since the aluminum layer, which is only about 30 to 40 nm thick, offers no mechanical protection, microscopic holes are created in the aluminum layer, in which the white pigment, for example CaC0 3 , appears. Here, the tearing off of the thin dark lacquer layer and the white pigment tips, which can consist of CaCO 3 , for example, has an extremely favorable effect, because the white holes in the aluminum layer are barely visible to the naked eye and are also used by one for reproduction Camera not played back. In other words, the grinding marks are reduced to values that are no longer disturbing.
Wenn man jedoch diese Pigmentkörner, wie z. B. die aus Calciumcarbonat bestehenden Pigmentkörner dunkel einfärben würde, würde es sich gerade an diesen Stellen außerordentlich störend auswirken, da nämlich nunmehr statt der weißen Löcher in der Aluminiumschicht gut sichtbare schwarze Löcher auftreten würden.However, if these pigment grains, such as. B. the pigment grains consisting of calcium carbonate would darken, it would have an extremely disruptive effect at these places, because now instead of the white holes in the aluminum layer, clearly visible black holes would appear.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es somit, eine. selektive Einfärbung dieser Pigmentkörner in der Weise vorzunehmen, daß diejenigen Pigmente, die an den ausgebrannten Stellen mit den heißen Elektroden in Berührung kommen, sich dabei dunkel verfärben, während diejenigen Pigmente, die an den nicht beschriebenen Stellen liegen, über die die Elektroden nur im kalten Zustand laufen, ihr helles oder weißes Aussehen beibehalten.The object of the invention is therefore a. to selectively color these pigment grains in such a way that those pigments which come into contact with the hot electrodes at the burned-out areas turn dark, while those pigments which are at the places not described about which the electrodes are only in the cold Running condition, maintaining its light or white appearance.
Dies wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, daß ein weißes Pigment verwendet wird, dessen Korngröße größer ist als die aller übrigen in dem Lack befindlichen Pigmente, so daß dieses Pigment über die Lackoberfläche hinausragt, und daß sich dieses Pigment unter Wärmeeinwirkung dunkel oder schwarz verfärbt.This is achieved according to the invention in that a white pigment is used, the grain size of which is larger than that of all the other pigments in the paint, so that this pigment projects beyond the paint surface, and in that this pigment turns dark or black when exposed to heat.
Vorzugsweise wird dabei für das weiße Pigment ein Stoff verwendet, der sich unter Wärmeeinwirkung selbst dunkel öder schwarz verfärbt. Außerdem ist es möglich, für das weiße Pigment einen Stoff mit Zusätzen zu verwenden, die unter Wärmeeinwirkung eine dunkle oder schwarze Verfärbung des Pigments bewirken. Insbesondere geht man dabei so vor, daß als weißes Pigment ein künstliches oder natürliches, granuliertes Hartpolymeres verwendet wird, das sich unter Wärmeeinwirkung dunkel oder schwarz verfärbt. Im ganz speziellen Fall wird bei Herstellung eines calciumcarbonathaltigen Lackes das Calciumcarbonat zusammen mit einem ein weißes Carbonat bildenden Stoff ausgefällt, der sich unter Wärmeeinwirkung schwarz oder dunkel verfärbt. In jedem Fall ist es also entweder das weiße Pigment selbst, das sich unter Wärmeeinwirkung dunkel verfärbt, oder aber ein dem weißen Pigment beigegebener Stoff, der unter Wärmeeinwirkung eine dunkle Verfärbung des Pigmentes selbst bewirkt.Preferably, a substance is used for the white pigment which, when exposed to heat, turns itself dark or black. It is also possible to use a substance for the white pigment with additives which, when exposed to heat, cause the pigment to turn dark or black. In particular, the procedure is such that an artificial or natural, granulated hard polymer is used as the white pigment, which turns dark or black under the influence of heat. In a very special case, when a lacquer containing calcium carbonate is produced, the calcium carbonate is precipitated together with a substance which forms a white carbonate and which changes color black or dark when exposed to heat. In any case it is either the white pigment itself that turns dark when exposed to heat, or a substance added to the white pigment that causes the pigment itself to turn dark when exposed to heat.
Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Beimischung von Calciumcarbonat besteht eine der Möglichkeiten darin, daß das Calciumcarbonat gemeinsam mit weißem Bleicarbonat ausgefällt wird, das sich unter Wärmeeinwirkung zu schwarzen Blei-Oxiden zersetzt. Andererseits kann man auch so vorgehen, daß das Calciumcarbonat gemeinsam mit weißem Silbercarbonat ausgefällt wird, das sich unter Wärmeeinwirkung zu schwarzem kolloidialem Silber zersetzt. Eine weitere Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, daß das Calciumcarbonat in einer organischen wässrigen Lösung ausgefällt wird, wodurch organische Moleküle als Ca-Salze oder alkalische Salze in das CaC03 eingebaut werden. Insbesondere kann man das Calciumcarbonat gemeinsam mit Natriumglykolat ausfällen. Alle die hier genannten Stoffe haben die Eigenschaft, daß sie normalerweise weiß oder nahezu farblos sind, so daß keinerlei Schleifspuren mehr sichtbar sind. Unter Wärmeeinwirkung verfärben sich jedoch . diese Stoffe dunkel bis schwarz, so daß an den beschriebenen Stellen ein ausreichend hoher Kontrast erzielt wird. Während bei dem einen Verfahren, nämlich dem Fällen von CaCO3 in einer organischen wässrigen Lösung organische Moleküle in das CaC03 als Ca-Salze oder Alkalisalze eingebaut werden, die dann unter Wärmeeinwirkung verkohlen und eine dunkle Färbung der CaC03-Kristalle bewirken, spielt sich bei Verwendung von künstlichen oder natürlichen granulierten Hartpolymeren, die als weiße Pigmente mit einer Korngröße, die größer ist als die aller übrigen in dem Lack befindlichen Pigmente, ein ähnlicher Vorgang ab, d. h. die organischen Bestandteile verkohlen und bewirken damit eine Dunkelfärbung oder Schwarzfärbung. Hierbei ist es besonders vorteilhaft, daß durch entsprechende Wahl der organischen Komponente die Verkohlungstemperatur auf den gewünschten Punkt genau eingestellt werden kann. Dies ist besonders wichtig, damit unmittelbar hinter den ausgebrannten Stellen eine weitere Schwärzung der weißen Pigmente nicht mehr stattfindet, so daß auch kein Nachziehen mehr erkennbar ist. Betrachtet man wiederum den besonderen Fall, bei dem das Calciumcarbonat gemeinsam mit Natriumglykolat ausgefällt wird, wobei sich eine Beimischung von etwa 10% Natriumglykolat als besonders günstig erwiesen hat, dann stellt man fest, daß unmittelbar hinter den ausgebrannten Stellen eine weitere Schwärzung von CaC03-Kristallen nicht mehr stattfindet, so daß auch kein Nachziehen mehr erkennbar ist. Man hat jedoch festgestellt, daß die auf diese Weise erzielte klare schwarze Färbung bei längerem Glühen in eine braune Tönung übergeht, was auf eine Oxidation eines Teils des Kohlenstoffs mit dem Luftsauerstoff zurückzuführen sein kann. Daraus läßt sich schließen, daß ein derartig präpariertes CaCO3 in einer inerten Atmosphäre bei kurzzeitigem Erhitzen mit Sicherheit schwarz bleibt. Man kann also ganz allgemein sagen, daß mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren eine selektive Behandlung von Pigmenten in der Weise vorgenommen wird, daß die Pigmente, die in den ausgebrannten Stellen mit den heißen Elektroden in Berührung kommen, sich automatisch dunkel oder schwarz verfärben, während die Pigmente in den nicht beschriebenen Stellen, über die die Elektroden nur in kaltem Zustand laufen, ihr weißes Aussehen beibehalten.With special attention to the admixture of calcium carbonate, one of the possibilities is that the calcium carbonate is precipitated together with white lead carbonate, which decomposes to black lead oxides under the action of heat. On the other hand, one can also proceed in such a way that the calcium carbonate is precipitated together with white silver carbonate, which decomposes to black colloidal silver under the action of heat. A further embodiment of the method according to the invention is that the calcium carbonate is precipitated in an organic aqueous solution, as a result of which organic molecules are incorporated into the CaCO 3 as Ca salts or alkaline salts. In particular, the calcium carbonate can be precipitated together with sodium glycolate. All of the substances mentioned here have the property that they are normally white or almost colorless, so that no traces of grinding are visible. Discolored under the influence of heat. these fabrics dark to black, so that a sufficiently high contrast is achieved in the areas described. While in one method, namely the precipitation of CaCO 3 in an organic aqueous solution, organic molecules are incorporated into the CaC0 3 as Ca salts or alkali salts, which then carbonize under the action of heat and cause a dark coloration of the CaC0 3 crystals when using artificial or natural granulated hard polymers, which as white pigments with a grain size that is larger than all the other pigments in the lacquer, a similar process, ie the organic constituents carbonize and thus cause a darkening or blackening. It is particularly advantageous here that by appropriate choice of the organic component the charring temperature can be set exactly to the desired point. This is particularly important so that there is no further blackening of the white pigments immediately behind the burned-out areas, so that there is no longer any tracing. If one again looks at the special case in which the calcium carbonate is precipitated together with sodium glycolate, an addition of about 10% sodium glycolate having proven to be particularly favorable, then it is found that immediately behind the burnt-out areas, a further blackening of CaC0 3 - Crystals no longer takes place, so that no tracing is recognizable. However, it has been found that the clear black color obtained in this way changes to a brown tint on prolonged glowing, which may be due to the oxidation of some of the carbon with atmospheric oxygen. From this it can be concluded that a CaCO 3 prepared in this way will certainly remain black in an inert atmosphere when briefly heated. It can therefore be said quite generally that the process according to the invention is used to selectively treat pigments in such a way that the pigments which come into contact with the hot electrodes in the burned-out areas automatically turn dark or black while the pigments maintain their white appearance in the areas not described, over which the electrodes only run when they are cold.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3023700 | 1980-06-25 | ||
| DE19803023700 DE3023700A1 (en) | 1980-06-25 | 1980-06-25 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PIGMENTED VARNISH |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0042965A1 true EP0042965A1 (en) | 1982-01-06 |
| EP0042965B1 EP0042965B1 (en) | 1985-01-16 |
Family
ID=6105393
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP81103818A Expired EP0042965B1 (en) | 1980-06-25 | 1981-05-19 | Process for preparing a pigmented lacquer |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4339477A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0042965B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5714092A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3023700A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6517589B1 (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2003-02-11 | China Textile Institute | Manufacturing method of coloring and lustering substance |
| WO2016033446A1 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2016-03-03 | Blue Planet, Ltd. | Carbonate pigments, and methods for making and using the same |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1030674B (en) * | 1955-04-06 | 1958-05-22 | Renker Belipa G M B H | Method for producing a spark recording paper |
| DE2203761A1 (en) * | 1972-01-24 | 1973-08-09 | Ralf Schueler | COMPONENTS COMPATIBLE TO HOUSING UNITS OR THE SAME BY USING SUITABLE CONNECTING PARTS |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2204509C3 (en) * | 1972-02-01 | 1981-12-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Data carriers for recorders |
| JPS5245937A (en) * | 1975-10-08 | 1977-04-12 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Recording material of discharge type |
-
1980
- 1980-06-25 DE DE19803023700 patent/DE3023700A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1981
- 1981-03-16 US US06/244,363 patent/US4339477A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1981-04-20 JP JP5869581A patent/JPS5714092A/en active Pending
- 1981-05-19 EP EP81103818A patent/EP0042965B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-05-19 DE DE8181103818T patent/DE3168266D1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1030674B (en) * | 1955-04-06 | 1958-05-22 | Renker Belipa G M B H | Method for producing a spark recording paper |
| DE2203761A1 (en) * | 1972-01-24 | 1973-08-09 | Ralf Schueler | COMPONENTS COMPATIBLE TO HOUSING UNITS OR THE SAME BY USING SUITABLE CONNECTING PARTS |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4339477A (en) | 1982-07-13 |
| DE3023700A1 (en) | 1982-01-14 |
| EP0042965B1 (en) | 1985-01-16 |
| JPS5714092A (en) | 1982-01-25 |
| DE3168266D1 (en) | 1985-02-28 |
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