EP0042455A2 - Aluminium- and cobalt-containing copper alloys with high wear resistance; process for the manufacture of these alloys - Google Patents

Aluminium- and cobalt-containing copper alloys with high wear resistance; process for the manufacture of these alloys Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0042455A2
EP0042455A2 EP80104147A EP80104147A EP0042455A2 EP 0042455 A2 EP0042455 A2 EP 0042455A2 EP 80104147 A EP80104147 A EP 80104147A EP 80104147 A EP80104147 A EP 80104147A EP 0042455 A2 EP0042455 A2 EP 0042455A2
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Prior art keywords
alloy
alloys
temperatures
cast
wear resistance
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EP0042455A3 (en
EP0042455B1 (en
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Gerad Barbezat
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Sulzer AG
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Gebrueder Sulzer AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/01—Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a CuAlCo alloy with high wear resistance and with a fine structure, which contains - in addition to the usual impurities - at least Al, Fe, Co, Cr, Mn, Cu as components.
  • the wear i.e. the wear on relative movements compared to other materials, such as steel
  • the object of the invention is therefore to improve the mechanical properties and in particular the wear behavior of the known alloys.
  • this object is achieved by alloys whose composition (in% by weight) is Al 14-16; Fe 4-6; Co 2.5-3.5; Mn 1 - 1.5; Cr 0.4-0.8; Zr 0.01-0.5; The remainder is Cu, where the sum of Fe and Co is greater than 7.5, and their structure in the as-cast state contains grain sizes between 20 and 50 pm.
  • the castability, ie above all the flowability, of the alloy melt can be improved if it contains up to 0.2 Be; This addition primarily reduces the formation of A1 2 0 3 and the risk of oxide inclusions in the melt.
  • a method for producing the alloy according to the invention is characterized in that at least part of the Zr and / or Be content is achieved by melting treatments at temperatures between 1150 and 1250 ° C. within the last 30 minutes before casting by adding amounts of these substances that guarantee the final levels mentioned.
  • the melt treatment primarily brings about the desired fineness of the structure, which is necessary for the improved wear behavior, which is a characteristic of the present invention.
  • the mechanical properties which can be influenced to a certain extent by variations in the composition within the specified ranges.
  • a melt of 100 kg of a CuAlCo alloy according to the invention is to be produced, in which the cast workpiece should have a Brinell hardness of 380 HB in the as-cast state.
  • the return material, Mn, Cu, Co and the master alloy CuCr are first melted in an Mf induction furnace equipped with a graphite crucible, using slag images 0, 5% cryolite added to the melt; The FeAl master alloy is then inserted and the pure aluminum is then brought into the melt.
  • the melt is treated with zirconium (Zr) at 1200 ° C.
  • Zr zirconium
  • an amount of 0.1% zircon is used in the form of a master alloy CuZr 50 (50% Cu, 50% Zr), which is added to the melt.
  • the alloy is poured into sand molds at 1180 ° C.
  • the cast workpiece is then normalized by a heat treatment from 900 to 950 0 C, wherein a heating rate of 150 ° C per hour in air up to about 600 ° C and is subsequently heated at a higher heating rate to 950 0 C. It is then held at this temperature for 1 hour and an additional 1 hour each 25 mm wall thickness before it is cooled in still air.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in a comparison the relative wear resistance of a known alloy of the type mentioned (column 1) and the alloy according to the invention according to example 1 (column 2).
  • the ordinate of the display shows the respective abrasion determined by weighing, which results from a standard wear test. In this test, a rolling element made of 18/8-Cr / Ni stainless steel loaded with approximately 30 N runs in a sliding element made of the alloy to be tested without a lubricant for a fixed period of time, which in the present case is 20 hours. The resulting abrasion is collected and weighed.
  • the known alloy results - averaged from several measurements - between 550 and 800 mg / 20 h - the scattering range is shown hatched - while the new alloy has values between 250 and 550 mg per 20 Hours have been measured.
  • FIG. 2a and 2b show metallographic micrographs in 100x magnification, from which the differences in the grain sizes can be seen immediately; in Fig. 2a particle sizes obtained for the known alloy, as already mentioned, of about 300 pm, while in FIG. 2b for the inventive alloy grain g Rössen 40 can be determined in order.
  • the application of the new alloy is not limited to workpieces made of sand casting; it can also be produced in continuous casting or by extrusion Electrodes for build-up welding, for example on unalloyed steel, are produced. By extruding at temperatures between 900 and 950 ° C, bars or wires can still be obtained for the production of wear parts. It is also possible to forge the new alloy, also at temperatures between 900 and 950 ° C.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
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  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

1. A highly wear-resistant and finely structured aluminium bronze alloy comprising as components, in addition to conventional impurities, at least Al, Fe, Co, Cr, Mn and Cu, characterized by the following composition (in weight %) : Al 14-16 ; Fe 4-6 ; Co 2,5-3.5 ; Mn 1 to 1.5 ; Be 0 to 0.2 ; Cr 0.4-0.8 ; Zr 0.01-0.5 ; remainder Cu. the sum of Fe and Co being greater than 7.5, and characterized by a structure having grain sizes in the cast state of from 20 to 50 mu m.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine CuAlCo-Legierung hoher Verschleissfestigkeit und mit feinem Gefüge, die als Komponenten - neben den üblichen Verunreinigungen - mindestens Al, Fe, Co, Cr, Mn, Cu enthält.The invention relates to a CuAlCo alloy with high wear resistance and with a fine structure, which contains - in addition to the usual impurities - at least Al, Fe, Co, Cr, Mn, Cu as components.

Legierungen der genannten Art sind bekannt (US-PS 3,117,002); sie dienen vor allem als Tiefziehwerkzeuge und Verschleissteile und werden als Sandguss oder Strangguss, als Schmiede-oder extrudierte Werkstücke und/oder als Schweissmaterial, beispielsweise zum Schweissplattieren, verwendet.Alloys of the type mentioned are known (US Pat. No. 3,117,002); They serve primarily as deep-drawing tools and wearing parts and are used as sand casting or continuous casting, as forged or extruded workpieces and / or as welding material, for example for welding cladding.

Für viele Anwendungen ist bei diesen Legierungen der Verschleiss, d.h. die Abnützung bei Relativ-Bewegungen gegenüber anderen Materialien, beispielsweise Stahl, für heutige Anforderungen zu hoch. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, die mechanischen Eigenschaften und insbesondere das Verschleissverhalten der bekannten Legierungen zu verbessern.For many applications, the wear, i.e. the wear on relative movements compared to other materials, such as steel, is too high for today's requirements. The object of the invention is therefore to improve the mechanical properties and in particular the wear behavior of the known alloys.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch Legierungen gelöst, deren Zusammensetzung (in Gew. %) Al 14 - 16; Fe 4 - 6; Co 2,5 - 3,5; Mn 1 - 1,5; Cr 0,4 - 0,8; Zr 0,01 - 0,5; Rest Cu beträgt, wcbei die Summe von Fe und Co grösser als 7,5 ist, und deren Gefüge im Gusszustand Korngrössen zwischen 20 bis 50 pm enthält.According to the invention, this object is achieved by alloys whose composition (in% by weight) is Al 14-16; Fe 4-6; Co 2.5-3.5; Mn 1 - 1.5; Cr 0.4-0.8; Zr 0.01-0.5; The remainder is Cu, where the sum of Fe and Co is greater than 7.5, and their structure in the as-cast state contains grain sizes between 20 and 50 pm.

Zwar sind nicht nur mehrere der genannten Komponenten, sondern auch ihre bei der erfindungsgemässen Legierung verwendeten prozentualen Anteile aus der genannten US-PS bekannt; die Erfindung unterscheidet sich von den bekannten Legierungen jedoch durch einen geringeren Mn-Anteil, durch die Legierungskomponente Zr und durch engere Toleranzen in den Cr-, Fe- und Co-Anteilen. Gerade diese Unterschiede sind nach Versuchen der Anmelderin jedoch massgebend für die um den Faktor 5 bis 10 feineren Korngrössen, die bei den bekannten Legierungen zwischen 100 bis 500 pm betragen, und damit für die verbesserten Verschleisseigenschaften.It is true that not only several of the components mentioned, but also their percentages used in the alloy according to the invention are known from the US patent mentioned; the invention differs from the known alloys, however, by a lower Mn content, by the alloy component Zr and by closer tolerances in the Cr, Fe and Co shares. However, according to the applicant's experiments, it is precisely these differences which are decisive for the grain sizes which are finer by a factor of 5 to 10, which in the known alloys are between 100 and 500 μm, and thus for the improved wear properties.

Die Giessbarkeit, d.h. vor allem die Fliessfähigkeit, der Legierungsschmelze lässt sich verbessern, wenn sie bis zu 0,2 Be enthält; durch diesen Zusatz werden in erster Linie die Bildung von A1203 und die Gefahr von Oxid-Einschlüssen in der Schmelze herabgesetzt.The castability, ie above all the flowability, of the alloy melt can be improved if it contains up to 0.2 Be; This addition primarily reduces the formation of A1 2 0 3 and the risk of oxide inclusions in the melt.

Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemässen Legierung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Teil des Zr- und/oder Be-Gehaltes über Schmelzbehandlungen bei Temperaturen zwischen 1150 und 1250° C innerhalb der letzten 30 Minuten vor dem Abguss durch Zugaben von Mengen dieser Stoffe erreicht wird, die die genannten Endgehalte gewährleisten. Die Schmelzbehandlung bewirkt vor allem die angestrebte, für das verbesserte Verschleissverhalten notwendige Feinheit des Gefüges, die ein Charakteristikum der vorliegenden Erfindung ist.A method for producing the alloy according to the invention is characterized in that at least part of the Zr and / or Be content is achieved by melting treatments at temperatures between 1150 and 1250 ° C. within the last 30 minutes before casting by adding amounts of these substances that guarantee the final levels mentioned. The melt treatment primarily brings about the desired fineness of the structure, which is necessary for the improved wear behavior, which is a characteristic of the present invention.

Die mechanischen Eigenschaften, die in gewissem Umfang durch Variationen der Zusammensetzung innerhalb der angegebenen Bereiche beeinflusst werden können - so ist z. B. die erzielte Härte abhängig vom Al-Gehalt -, ergeben beispielsweise für sandgegossene Werkstücke im Gusszustand folgende Werte:

Figure imgb0001
Diese Werte lassen sich weiter verbessern, wenn man das gegossene Werkstück bei Temperaturen bis zu 10000 C einer Normalisierungsbehandlung unterzieht, bei der die Haltezeit mindestens 1 Stunde und zusätzlich pro 25 mm Wanddicke eine weitere Stunde beträgt und die Abkühlung in ruhender Luft erfolgt, wobei bei der Aufheizung bis zum Erreichen von Temperaturen um 600 C eine Erwärmungsgeschwindigkeit von höchstens 200° C pro Stunde einzuhalten ist.The mechanical properties, which can be influenced to a certain extent by variations in the composition within the specified ranges. B. the hardness achieved depends on the Al content -, for example, the following values result for sand-cast workpieces in the as-cast state:
Figure imgb0001
 These values can be further improved if the cast workpiece is subjected to a normalization treatment at temperatures up to 1000 0 C, in which the holding time is at least 1 hour and an additional hour for every 25 mm wall thickness and the cooling takes place in still air, with heating up to a temperature of around 600 C, a heating rate of at most 200 ° C per hour must be observed.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.

Es soll eine Schmelze von 100 kg einer erfindungsgemässen CuAlCo-Legierung hergestellt werden, bei der das gegossene Werkstück eine Brinellhärte von 380 HB im Gusszustand besitzen soll.A melt of 100 kg of a CuAlCo alloy according to the invention is to be produced, in which the cast workpiece should have a Brinell hardness of 380 HB in the as-cast state.

Als Einsatz werden 1/3 (33 kg) Rücklauf aus dem geforderten Material und 2/3 neues Material verwendet, wobei das Einsatzmaterial möglichst rein sein soll. Neben den 33 kg Rücklaufmaterial werden dafür bereitgestellt:

Figure imgb0002
weiterhin muss zusätzlich zur Kompensation des Al-Abbrandes nochmals 500 g Al zur Verfügung stehen.1/3 (33 kg) return from the required material and 2/3 new material are used as the insert, whereby the insert material should be as pure as possible. In addition to the 33 kg return material, the following are provided:
Figure imgb0002
 Furthermore, in addition to compensating for the Al burnup, another 500 g Al must be available.

Unter leicht oxidierenden, atmosphärischen Bedingungen werden in einem Mf-Induktionsofen, der mit einem Graphit-Tiegel ausgerüstet ist, zunächst das Rücklaufmaterial, Mn, Cu, Co und die Vorlegierung CuCr erschmolzen, wobei als Schlackenbilder 0,5 % Kryolith in die Schmelze zugegeben werden; anschliessend wird die Vorlegierung FeAl eingefügt und danach das reine Aluminium in die Schmelze gebracht.Under mildly oxidizing, atmospheric conditions, the return material, Mn, Cu, Co and the master alloy CuCr are first melted in an Mf induction furnace equipped with a graphite crucible, using slag images 0, 5% cryolite added to the melt; The FeAl master alloy is then inserted and the pure aluminum is then brought into the melt.

Etwa 10 bis 20 Minuten vor dem Abguss wird die Schmelze bei 1200° C mit Zirkon (Zr) behandelt. Für diese Schmelzbehandlung wird eine Menge von 0,1 % Zirkon verwendet in Form von einer Vorlegierung CuZr 50 (50 % Cu, 50 % Zr), die der Schmelze zugegeben wird. Abschliessend wird die Legierung bei 1180° C in Sandformen abgegossen.About 10 to 20 minutes before casting, the melt is treated with zirconium (Zr) at 1200 ° C. For this melt treatment, an amount of 0.1% zircon is used in the form of a master alloy CuZr 50 (50% Cu, 50% Zr), which is added to the melt. Finally, the alloy is poured into sand molds at 1180 ° C.

Die chemische Analyse ergibt - neben den üblichen Verunreinigungen, die so tief wie wirtschaftlich sinnvoll gehalten werden und im wesentlichen aus P (max 0,05); S (max. 0,1); Si (max. 0,1); Sn (max. 0,2); Zn (max. 0,2); Pb (max. 0,05) und Ni (max. 0,4) bestehen - folgende zusammensetzung:

Figure imgb0003
The chemical analysis shows - in addition to the usual impurities, which are kept as low as economically viable and essentially from P (max 0.05); S (0.1 max); Si (0.1 max); Sn (max 0.2); Zn (max 0.2); Pb (max. 0.05) and Ni (max. 0.4) exist - the following composition:
Figure imgb0003

Das gegossene Werkstück wird anschliessend durch eine Wärmebehandlung zwischen 900 und 9500 C normalisiert, wobei es mit einer Aufheizgeschwindigkeit von 150° C pro Stunde in Luft bis auf etwa 600° C und anschliessend mit höherer Aufheizgeschwindigkeit auf 9500 C aufgeheizt wird. Bei dieser Temperatur wird es dann 1 Stunde und zusätzlich je 25 mm Wanddicke nochmals 1 Stunde gehalten, ehe es an ruhender Luft abgekühlt wird.The cast workpiece is then normalized by a heat treatment from 900 to 950 0 C, wherein a heating rate of 150 ° C per hour in air up to about 600 ° C and is subsequently heated at a higher heating rate to 950 0 C. It is then held at this temperature for 1 hour and an additional 1 hour each 25 mm wall thickness before it is cooled in still air.

Für die mechanischen Eigenschaften sind danach folgende Werte gemessen worden:

Figure imgb0004
The following values were then measured for the mechanical properties:
Figure imgb0004

Die beigefügte graphische Darstellung der Fig. 1 verdeutlicht in einem Vergleich die relativen Verschleissfestigkeiten einer bekannten Legierung der genannten Art (Säule 1) und der erfindungsgemässen Legierung gemäss Beispiel 1 (Säule 2). Auf der Ordinate der Darstellung ist in mg der durch Wägung ermittelte jeweilige Abrieb aufgetragen, der sich bei einem Standard-Verschleissversuch ergibt. Bei diesem Versuch läuft ein mit etwa 30 N belasteter Rollkörper aus rostfreiem 18/8-Cr/Ni-Stahl in einem Gleitkörper aus der zu prüfenden Legierung ohne Schmiermittel eine festgelegte Zeitdauer, die im vorliegenden Fall 20 Stunden beträgt. Der dabei entstehende Abrieb wird gesammelt und gewogen.The attached graphic representation of FIG. 1 illustrates in a comparison the relative wear resistance of a known alloy of the type mentioned (column 1) and the alloy according to the invention according to example 1 (column 2). The ordinate of the display shows the respective abrasion determined by weighing, which results from a standard wear test. In this test, a rolling element made of 18/8-Cr / Ni stainless steel loaded with approximately 30 N runs in a sliding element made of the alloy to be tested without a lubricant for a fixed period of time, which in the present case is 20 hours. The resulting abrasion is collected and weighed.

Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, ergeben sich für die bekannte Legierung dabei - aus mehreren Messungen gemittelt - Werte zwischen 550 und 800 mg/20 h - der Streubereich ist jeweils schraffiert angegeben -, während bei der neuen Legierung Werte zwischen 250 und 550 mg pro 20 Stunden gemessen worden sind.As shown in FIG. 1, the known alloy results - averaged from several measurements - between 550 and 800 mg / 20 h - the scattering range is shown hatched - while the new alloy has values between 250 and 550 mg per 20 Hours have been measured.

Fig. 2a und 2b stellen in 100-facher Vergrösserung metallographische Schliffbilder dar, aus denen sofort die Unterschiede in den Korngrössen ersichtlich sind; in Fig. 2a ergeben sich für die bekannte Legierung, wie bereits erwähnt, Korngrössen von etwa 300 pm, während aus Fig. 2b für die erfindungsgemässe Legierung Korngrössen von 40 um bestimmt werden können.2a and 2b show metallographic micrographs in 100x magnification, from which the differences in the grain sizes can be seen immediately; in Fig. 2a particle sizes obtained for the known alloy, as already mentioned, of about 300 pm, while in FIG. 2b for the inventive alloy grain g Rössen 40 can be determined in order.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist die Anwendung der neuen Legierung nicht auf Werkstücke aus Sandguss beschränkt; so können daraus auch im Strangguss oder durch Extrudieren hergestellte Elektroden für eine Auftragsschweissung, beispielsweise auf unlegiertem Stahl, hergestellt werden. Durch Extrudieren bei Temperaturen zwischen 900 und 950° C lassen sich daraus weiterhin Barren oder Drähte für die Produktion von Verschleissteilen gewinnen. Weiterhin ist es möglich, die neue Legierung, ebenfalls bei Temperaturen zwischen 900 und 9500 C, zu schmieden.As already mentioned, the application of the new alloy is not limited to workpieces made of sand casting; it can also be produced in continuous casting or by extrusion Electrodes for build-up welding, for example on unalloyed steel, are produced. By extruding at temperatures between 900 and 950 ° C, bars or wires can still be obtained for the production of wear parts. It is also possible to forge the new alloy, also at temperatures between 900 and 950 ° C.

Claims (4)

1. CuAlCo-Legierung hoher Verschleissfestigkeit und mit feinem Gefüge, die als Komponenten - neben den üblichen Verunreinigungen - mindestens Al, Fe, Co, Cr, Mn, Cu enthält, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Zusammensetzung (in Gew.%): Al 14 - 16; Fe 4 - 6; Co 2,5 - 3,5; Mn 1 bis 1,5; Cr 0,4 - 0,8; Zr 0,01 - 0,5; Rest Cu,wobei die Summe von Fe und Co grösser 7,5 ist, ferner gekennzeichnet durch ein Gefüge mit Korngrössen im Gusszustand zwischen 20 bis 50 µm.1. CuAlCo alloy with high wear resistance and with a fine microstructure, which as components contains - in addition to the usual impurities - at least Al, Fe, Co, Cr, Mn, Cu, characterized by the following composition (in% by weight): Al 14-16; Fe 4-6; Co 2.5-3.5; Mn 1 to 1.5; Cr 0.4-0.8; Zr 0.01-0.5; Balance Cu, the sum of Fe and Co being greater than 7.5, further characterized by a structure with grain sizes in the as-cast state between 20 and 50 µm. 2. Legierung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie bis zu 0,2 % Be enthält.2. Alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains up to 0.2% Be. 3. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Legierung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Teil des Zr- und/oder Be-Gehaltes über Schmelzbehandlungen bei Temperaturen zwischen 1150 und 1250° C innerhalb der letzten 30 Minuten vor dem Abguss durch Zugaben von Mengen dieser Stoffe erreicht wird, die die genannten Endgehalte gewährleisten.3. A method for producing an alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least part of the Zr and / or Be content via melt treatments at temperatures between 1150 and 1250 ° C within the last 30 minutes before casting by adding Amounts of these substances are reached, which guarantee the final contents mentioned. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, für als Sandguss gegossene Werkstücke, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das gegossene Werkstück bei Temperaturen bis zu 1000° C einer Normalisierungsbehandlung unterzogen wird, bei der die Haltezeit mindestens 1 Stunde und zusätzlich pro 25 mm Wanddicke eine weitere Stunde beträgt und die Abkühlung an ruhender Luft erfolgt, wobei bei der Aufheizung bis zum Erreichen von Temperaturen um 600° C eine Erwärmungsgeschwindigkeit von höchstens 200° C pro Stunde einzuhalten ist.4. The method according to claim 3, for workpieces cast as sand, characterized in that the cast workpiece is subjected to a normalization treatment at temperatures up to 1000 ° C, in which the holding time is at least 1 hour and an additional hour per 25 mm wall thickness and cooling takes place in still air, with a heating rate of at most 200 ° C per hour being observed when heating up to temperatures of around 600 ° C.
EP19800104147 1980-06-23 1980-07-16 Aluminium- and cobalt-containing copper alloys with high wear resistance; process for the manufacture of these alloys Expired EP0042455B1 (en)

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CH478780A CH646998A5 (en) 1980-06-23 1980-06-23 CUALCO ALLOYS HIGH WEAR RESISTANCE.
CH4787/80 1980-06-23

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2179673A (en) * 1985-08-23 1987-03-11 London Scandinavian Metall Grain refining copper alloys
CN102242291A (en) * 2011-07-15 2011-11-16 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 Copper alloy of deep drawing mould
CN103805803A (en) * 2013-11-04 2014-05-21 熊科学 Preparation method of alloy material with scale removal function
CN114438355A (en) * 2022-01-20 2022-05-06 浙江力博实业股份有限公司 Component control method of copper-chromium-zirconium alloy

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2937941A (en) * 1958-02-24 1960-05-24 Ampco Metal Inc Aluminum bronze alloy containing manganese and chromium and having improved wear resistance
US2944890A (en) * 1958-01-22 1960-07-12 Ampco Metal Inc Aluminum bronze alloy having improved wear resistance by the addition of cobalt and chromium
US2979397A (en) * 1958-11-21 1961-04-11 Ampco Metal Inc Aluminum bronze alloy having improved wear resistance by the addition of cobalt and manganese
US3117002A (en) * 1960-02-16 1964-01-07 Ampco Metal Inc Aluminum bronze alloy having improved wear resistance by the addition of cobalt, chromium, and manganese

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2944890A (en) * 1958-01-22 1960-07-12 Ampco Metal Inc Aluminum bronze alloy having improved wear resistance by the addition of cobalt and chromium
US2937941A (en) * 1958-02-24 1960-05-24 Ampco Metal Inc Aluminum bronze alloy containing manganese and chromium and having improved wear resistance
US2979397A (en) * 1958-11-21 1961-04-11 Ampco Metal Inc Aluminum bronze alloy having improved wear resistance by the addition of cobalt and manganese
US3117002A (en) * 1960-02-16 1964-01-07 Ampco Metal Inc Aluminum bronze alloy having improved wear resistance by the addition of cobalt, chromium, and manganese

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2179673A (en) * 1985-08-23 1987-03-11 London Scandinavian Metall Grain refining copper alloys
CN102242291A (en) * 2011-07-15 2011-11-16 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 Copper alloy of deep drawing mould
CN102242291B (en) * 2011-07-15 2012-10-03 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 Copper alloy of deep drawing mould
CN103805803A (en) * 2013-11-04 2014-05-21 熊科学 Preparation method of alloy material with scale removal function
CN114438355A (en) * 2022-01-20 2022-05-06 浙江力博实业股份有限公司 Component control method of copper-chromium-zirconium alloy

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DE3065458D1 (en) 1983-12-08
EP0042455A3 (en) 1982-01-13
EP0042455B1 (en) 1983-11-02

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