EP0037026B1 - Process for the preparation of a storage-stable, easily soluble granulated compound containing a bleach activator - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of a storage-stable, easily soluble granulated compound containing a bleach activator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0037026B1
EP0037026B1 EP81102083A EP81102083A EP0037026B1 EP 0037026 B1 EP0037026 B1 EP 0037026B1 EP 81102083 A EP81102083 A EP 81102083A EP 81102083 A EP81102083 A EP 81102083A EP 0037026 B1 EP0037026 B1 EP 0037026B1
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Prior art keywords
weight
percent
water
bleach activator
granulating
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0037026A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Dr. Saran
Martin Dr. Witthaus
Eduard Dr. Smulders
Karl Schwadtke
Günther Dr. Vogt
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3902Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
    • C11D3/3905Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
    • C11D3/3935Bleach activators or bleach catalysts granulated, coated or protected
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0039Coated compositions or coated components in the compositions, (micro)capsules

Definitions

  • Bleach activators are taken to mean compounds which react in aqueous solutions containing hydrogen peroxide or perhydrates to form peracids which have a bleaching action.
  • the particularly effective bleach activators include N-acylated amines, amides and glycolurils, as described, for example, in DE-B-1 162 967, DE-B-1 291 317, DE-A-2 038 106 and DE-B-1 594 865 are known.
  • DE-B-1 162 967 proposes to provide these bleach activators with a water-soluble coating agent before further use, in particular before use in detergents and bleaching agents, wherein the coating agent can consist, for example, of carboxymethyl cellulose.
  • This coating agent dissolved in water, can be sprayed onto the activator in finely divided form, after which the coated material is dried.
  • the recommendation is made to granulate the activator before coating, but there are no indications as to how and with which granulation aids this should be carried out. If one works according to the specifications of DE-B-1 162 967 and sprays such a bleach activator, for example the tetraacetylethylene diamine, with an aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose solution in a granulator, considerable problems arise. This is because aqueous solutions containing more than 5% by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose can no longer be handled in industrial granulation processes because of their high viscosity and gel-like nature.
  • the same water-soluble salts which bind water of crystallization can also be used as granulation aids or the dry premixes can be sprayed with an aqueous solution of film-forming substances, such as cellulose derivatives or other water-soluble polymers of natural or synthetic origin, and simultaneously granulated.
  • film-forming substances such as cellulose derivatives or other water-soluble polymers of natural or synthetic origin
  • the invention is based on the object of developing a process for the production of readily pourable, uniformly coated and thus very stable bleach activator granules which have a substantially higher content, for example one of 90 percent by weight and more, of active substance.
  • the invention is a process for the preparation of storage-stable, easily soluble granules containing bleach activators, the implementation of which is carried out in a mixing and granulating device from 90 to 98 percent by weight (based on anhydrous constituents) a compound from the class of N-acylated amines, amides, diketopiperazines and glycolurils and having an average particle size of 0.01 to 0.8 mm powdery bleach activator with 10 to 2 percent by weight (based on anhydrous constituents) one from a compound of the Class of the water-soluble cellulose ether, starch and starch ether existing granulation aid in such a way that the powdery bleach activator in a 1st mixing stage with 50 to 100 percent by weight of the total to be used as pourable powder with an average grain size of 0.01 to 0.8 mm present granulating aid mixed ht, whereupon in a second mixing and granulation stage the mixture is moistened and granulated with water
  • Average grain size of 0.01 to 0.8 mm is understood to mean one in which more than 50 percent by weight, preferably at least 80 percent by weight of the particles, has a grain size of 0.01 to 0.8 mm and not more than 25 Weight percent, preferably not more than 10 weight percent, have a grain size of 0.8 to at most 1.6 mm and not more than 25 weight percent, preferably not more than 10 weight percent, have a grain size of less than 0.01 mm.
  • the grain size of the fine particles is not limited at the bottom, but dust-fine particles can also be present. The additional use of such dusty fractions, which are common in technical, unclassified powder products with a broad grain spectrum, represents an additional advantage of the process.
  • N-acylated amines, diamines, amides and glycolurils are suitable as bleach activators.
  • These are, for example, tetraacetylmethylene diamine, tetraacetylethylene diamine, diacetylaniline, diacetyl-p-toluidine, 1,3-diacetyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, tetraacetylglycoluril, tetrapropionylglycoluril, 1,4-diacetyl-2,5-diketopipe-rin -Diacetyl-3,6-dimethyl-2,5-diketopiperazine.
  • Tetraacetylethylenediamine is preferably used as the bleach activator.
  • the pulverulent bleach activator is mixed with part of the granulation aid, which is also in powder form.
  • the proportion of the granulation aid used in this stage is 50 to 100, preferably 80 to 95 percent by weight of the total granulation aid used. Accordingly, the total amount or only part of the granulation aid can be added in the 1st mixing stage.
  • the second variant, in which only part of the granulation aid is dry-mixed and the rest is introduced as a solution in the second stage, is the preferred method of operation.
  • the average grain size of the granulating aid is 0.01 to 0.8 mm according to the above definition.
  • the grain size of the powdered granulation aid is expediently as large or smaller than the grain size of the bleach activator.
  • the particle size of the granulating aid is advantageously 0.01 to 0.4 mm, the proportion of particles with a particle size of 0.4 to 1.6 mm 25 Weight percent and in particular 10 weight percent does not exceed.
  • the granulation aid consists of a water-soluble cellulose ether, water-soluble starch or a water-soluble starch ether.
  • cellulose ethers are methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose (as sodium salt) and methyl carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium salt).
  • depolymerized starch can be considered as starch.
  • Suitable starch ethers are, for example, carboxymethyl starch, hydroxyethyl starch and methyl starch. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose has proven to be particularly suitable.
  • the two powdery components can be mixed in conventional batch-wise or continuously operating mixing devices which are generally equipped with rotating mixing elements. Depending on the effectiveness of the mixing device, the mixing times for a homogeneous mixture are generally between 30 seconds and 5 minutes.
  • powdery disintegrants which are customary in the tablet industry can be added, provided that the cellulose and starch ethers used do not already have a certain explosive effect.
  • Usable disintegrants are, for example, partially degraded starch, starch ether, polyvinyl polypyrrolidone, formaldehyde casein and swellable magnesium aluminosilicates (Veegum). The proportion of such disintegrants can be 0 to 2 percent by weight of the anhydrous granules.
  • the dry powder mixture is then moistened with water or an aqueous solution of the remaining granulating aid and granulated.
  • the mixer of the first mixing stage is also suitable for a granulation process, the mix can remain therein during the granulation process.
  • a pelletizer for example a pelletizing drum or onto a rotating pelletizer, and to carry out the pelletizing process there or to complete it.
  • part of the granulating liquid is expediently introduced into the mixer, for example in its end region, after the end of the first mixing stage, in order to moisten the material to be mixed and to counteract the formation of dust. For example, 5 to 70 percent of the granulation liquid is added during the post-mixing and 95 to 30 percent of the liquid during the subsequent granulation.
  • the granulating aid used in the second mixing and granulation stage is preferably used in a 0.5 to 5 percent by weight solution. Solutions with a higher concentration and containing up to 10 percent by weight of granulation aids are only recommended if they are sufficiently low-viscosity. If sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is used in a provenance as is usually used in detergents, the concentration is advantageously not more than 4 percent by weight.
  • the amount of granulating liquid applied is to be measured so that a moist one, not yet Granules tend to cake. This is achieved when the water content of the moist granules is between 10 and 35, preferably 15 to 25 percent by weight. Powder mixtures with a small particle size range and a higher proportion of powdered granulating aids can absorb larger amounts of granulating liquid than less fine-grained mixtures with a small part) of granulating aids.
  • a dye or a white pigment can be added to the dry powder mixture or the granulating liquid for coloring or to cover the inherent color of the raw materials.
  • a dye or a white pigment can be added to the dry powder mixture or the granulating liquid for coloring or to cover the inherent color of the raw materials.
  • generally 0.01 to 0.1 percent by weight, based on the finished product, of dye or pigment is sufficient.
  • the water content of the mixture is then reduced to less than 2, preferably less than 1 percent by weight.
  • the excess water can be removed by drying with the addition of heat, the temperature of the granules expediently not exceeding 100 ° C. and below the melting temperature of the bleach activator. Dryers that do not adversely change the granular structure of the product are suitable, for example tray, vacuum or fluidized bed dryers.
  • the dried granules should contain less than 2, preferably less than 1 percent by weight of water.
  • the granulate is intended for later use in detergents or is to be used for washing purposes in which a certain content of such salts does not interfere, which are usually used in detergents or in washing processes and which can crystallize with the absorption of water of crystallization, the The excess water is also removed by mixing the moist granules with such dehydrating, essentially water-free or low-water salts.
  • Such salts are sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate and low-water sodium aluminosilicates capable of ion exchange and mixtures thereof.
  • the amount to be used depends on the water binding capacity of the salts concerned and the water content of the moist granules.
  • the mixing ratio of tripolyphosphate to moist granules is 1: 3 to 1: 1.5, in particular 1 2 to 1: 1.
  • Mixing can be carried out in conventional mixers or granulating devices, the process for producing the Wet granules used with mixing devices equipped mixing devices can be used immediately. In this way, simplified, in particular energy-saving, processing is possible since the necessary drying stage can be saved.
  • foam inhibitors are customary known defoamers, preferably polysiloxanes, and mixtures thereof with microfine silica. Examples of these are polydimethylsiloxane with a content of approximately 1-10 percent by weight of microfine silica.
  • the proportion of such polysiloxane defoamers can be 1 to 5 percent by weight, preferably 2 to 4 percent by weight, based on the finished granulate.
  • the defoamer can be added in the first mixing stage; however, the defoamer can also be dispersed in the granulating liquid which, in order to avoid segregation processes, should contain part of the granulating aid in this case.
  • the granules produced in the manner indicated have a favorable grain spectrum. Any existing flashover and fine fractions can be sieved and returned to the process after the coarse fractions have been ground.
  • the granules are easy to pour, non-sticky and, with due regard for the complete coating of the activator particles, very stable. Its high proportion of active substance, 90 and more percent by weight, is particularly advantageous. They can be used with advantage in detergents, bleaches, oxidizers and disinfectants and retain their good properties even when mixed with the active ingredients contained in these agents.
  • Tetraacetylethylenediamine with an average grain size of 0.01 to 0.8 mm was used as the bleach activator.
  • the grain fraction between 0.8 and 1.6 mm was 5 weight percent, the fraction under 0.01 mm 10 weight percent.
  • Example 42.0 kg of the powdery tetraacetylethylenediamine used in Example 1 were in a drum mixer equipped with rotating mixing elements (L ⁇ DIGE mixer) with 2.24 kg Na carboxymethyl cellulose of the grain size given in Example 1 (88.2 percent of the total amount used) for 2 minutes mixed and then sprayed with continuous mixing with a solution of 170.4 g Na carboxymethyl cellulose in 5.51 kg water (3% by weight) for the purpose of binding dust-like components.
  • the mix was transferred to a continuously operating mixing granulator (capacity 800 kg / h).
  • the outlet of this mixer was connected to the inlet via conveyor belts so that the product could be circulated.
  • the majority of the granules were dried in a vacuum drying device at 67 mbar (50 torr) over a period of 24 hours to a water content of less than 1 percent by weight.
  • 3 kg of the moist granules were dried in a fluidized bed dryer with air having an inlet temperature of 57 ° C. for 10 minutes to the same degree of drying. In both cases, the proportion of granules with a grain size of 0.5 to 1.5 mm was 65 percent by weight.
  • the rollover and fine fractions were sieved out and, after grinding the coarse fractions, entered into the subsequent granulation process.
  • the granules had the same advantageous properties as in Example 1 and had the following composition (anhydrous substance):
  • Example 2 In a continuous mixer, 95 parts by weight of the tetraacetylethylenediamine used in Example 1 were continuously mixed with 5 parts by weight of Na carboxymethyl cellulose. In the last third of the mixer, 10 parts by weight of a solution of 0.34 parts by weight of Na-carboxymethyl cellulose in 11 parts by weight of water (3 percent solution) were sprayed continuously onto the material to be mixed with dust by means of nozzles.
  • the moistened mixture passed into a continuously operating granulator (see Example 2), where it was sprayed and granulated with 10 parts by weight of a solution of 96.33% by weight of water, 3% by weight of Na-carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.67% by weight of dye (see Example 1) has been.
  • the goods came from the granulator onto a conveyor belt, from which a partial flow of 70 percent by weight was discharged and a partial stream of 30 percent by weight was returned to the granulator. After drying, the finished granules had the following composition:
  • 67 percent by weight of the granules had a particle size range between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.
  • the fine material sieved out after drying and the ground flap were also continuously returned to the granulator.
  • Example 4 was repeated, but the polysiloxane defoamer had been dispersed in the aqueous granulation liquid containing carboxymethyl cellulose. In terms of its properties, the product corresponded to that of Example 4.
  • Example 42.0 kg of the powdery tetraacetylethylenediamine used in Example 1 were in a drum mixer equipped with rotating mixing elements (L ⁇ DIGE mixer) with 2.24 kg Na carboxymethyl cellulose of the grain size given in Example 1 (88.2 percent of the total amount used) for 2 minutes mixed and then sprayed with continuous mixing with a solution of 170.4 g Na carboxymethyl cellulose in 5.51 kg water (3% by weight) for the purpose of binding dust-like components.
  • the mix was transferred to a continuously operating mixing granulator (capacity 800 kg / h).
  • the outlet of this mixer was connected to the inlet via conveyor belts so that the product could be circulated.
  • 4.3 kg of a 3 percent solution of Na-carboxymethyl cellulose (corresponding to 129 g) were fed in through the rotating shaft of the granulation mixer.

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Abstract

This invention relates to a process for preparing bleach activator granulates comprising from about 90 to 98 percent by weight of bleach activator and from about 10 to 2 percent by weight of granulating adjuvant, based on the weight of the anhydrous components, which comprises the steps of: (a) mixing powdered bleach activator which has a mean particle size of from about 0.01 to 0.8 mm with from about 50 to 100 percent by weight of the total granulating adjuvant to be used, which granulating adjuvant comprises a water-soluble cellulose ether, starch, or starch ether in the form of a free-flowing powder having a mean particle size of from about 0.01 to 0.8 mm; (b) moistening the mixture from step (a) with water or an aqueous solution containing the remainder of the granulating adjuvant in a solution of from about 0.1 to 10 percent by weight, based on the weight of the total solution; (c) granulating the moist mixture from step (b); and (d) drying the moist granulate from step (c) until the moisture content is less than 2 percent by weight, preferably less than 1 percent by weight. Additionally, during steps (a) or (b), a polysiloxane defoaming agent can be added.

Description

Unter Bleichaktivatoren werden Verbindungen verstanden, die in wäßrigen, Wasserstoffperoxid oder Perhydrate enthaltenden Lösungen unter Bildung von bleichend wirkenden Persäuren reagieren. Zu den besonders wirksamen Bleichaktivatoren zählen N-acylierte Amine, Amide und Glykolurile, wie sie beispielsweise aus der DE-B-1 162 967, DE-B-1 291 317, DE-A-2 038 106 und DE-B-1 594 865 bekannt sind. In der DE-B-1 162 967 wird vorgeschlagen, diese Bleichaktivatoren vor der Weiterverwendung, insbesondere vor dem Einsatz in Wasch- und Bleichmitteln mit einem wasserlöslichen Überzugsmittel zu versehen, wobei das Überzugsmittel beispielsweise aus Carboxymethylcellulose bestehen kann. Dieses Überzugsmittel kann in Wasser gelöst in feinverteilter Form auf den Aktivator aufgesprüht werden, worauf das überzogene Material getrocknet wird. Es wird die Empfehlung ausgesprochen, den Aktivator vor dem Überziehen zu granulieren, jedoch fehlen Hinweise, in welcher Weise und mit welchen Granulationshilfsmitteln dies durchgeführt werden soll. Arbeitet man nach den Angaben der DE-B-1 162 967 und besprüht einen derartigen Bleichaktivator, beispielsweise das Tetraacetylethylendiamin, mit einer wäßrigen Carboxymethylcellulose-Lösung in einem Granulator, so treten erhebliche Probleme auf. Es lassen sich nämlich wäßrige Lösungen mit einem Gehalt von mehr als 5 Gewichtsprozent an Carboxymethylcellulose wegen ihrer hohen Viskosität und gelartigen Beschaffenheit bei technischen Granulationsprozessen nicht mehr handhaben. Um eine ausreichend starke Hüllschicht auf den Aktivatorpartikeln zu erzeugen, müssen daher sehr große Mengen an den verhältnismäßig stark verdünnten Celluloseetherlösungen verarbeitet werden. Wenn, wie im Beispiel 10 der DE-B-1 162967 angegeben, 18 Gewichtsprozent Carboxymethylcellulose auf den Bleichaktivator aufgebracht werden sollen und unterstellt man, daß eine hinsichtlich ihrer hohen Viskosität gerade noch verarbeitbare 5prozentige Lösung benutzt wird, so wären hierfür 360 Gewichtsprozent (bezogen auf Aktivatormenge) an 5prozentiger Celluloseether-Lösung erforderlich. Es läßt sich jedoch zeigen, daß bei Anwendung von mehr als 20 bis 30 Gewichtsprozent einer derartigen Lösung bereits klumpige bis breiartige Massen anstelle brauchbarer Granulate entstehen. Aus diesem Grund wird auch in Spalte 3 der DE-B-1 162 967 vorgeschlagen, alkoholische Lösungen der Carboxymethylcellulose zu verwenden. Diese erfordern jedoch die Installation aufwendiger Explosionsschutzvorrichtungen und verursachen hohe Kosten für die Rückgewinnung des Lösungsmittels. Für technische Zwecke ist ein solches Verfahren ungeeignet. Die gleichen Probleme treten auf, wenn man anstelle einer Celluloseether-Lösung, die ebenfalls in der DE-B-1 162 967 vorgeschlagenen, in organischen Lösungsmitteln gelösten Fettsäuren, Fettsäurealkanolamide, Fettalkohole und Carbowaxe als Hüllmaterial einsetzt. Erschwerend kommt hinzu, daß sich derartige Hüllmaterialien in kalten Bleichlösungen nicht oder nur sehr langsam lösen und daher der gewünschte Kaltbleicheffekt unterdrückt wird.Bleach activators are taken to mean compounds which react in aqueous solutions containing hydrogen peroxide or perhydrates to form peracids which have a bleaching action. The particularly effective bleach activators include N-acylated amines, amides and glycolurils, as described, for example, in DE-B-1 162 967, DE-B-1 291 317, DE-A-2 038 106 and DE-B-1 594 865 are known. DE-B-1 162 967 proposes to provide these bleach activators with a water-soluble coating agent before further use, in particular before use in detergents and bleaching agents, wherein the coating agent can consist, for example, of carboxymethyl cellulose. This coating agent, dissolved in water, can be sprayed onto the activator in finely divided form, after which the coated material is dried. The recommendation is made to granulate the activator before coating, but there are no indications as to how and with which granulation aids this should be carried out. If one works according to the specifications of DE-B-1 162 967 and sprays such a bleach activator, for example the tetraacetylethylene diamine, with an aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose solution in a granulator, considerable problems arise. This is because aqueous solutions containing more than 5% by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose can no longer be handled in industrial granulation processes because of their high viscosity and gel-like nature. In order to produce a sufficiently strong coating layer on the activator particles, very large amounts of the relatively highly diluted cellulose ether solutions must therefore be processed. If, as stated in Example 10 of DE-B-1 162967, 18 percent by weight of carboxymethyl cellulose are to be applied to the bleach activator and it is assumed that a 5 percent solution that can still be processed due to its high viscosity would be 360 percent by weight (based on Amount of activator) of 5 percent cellulose ether solution required. However, it can be shown that when more than 20 to 30 percent by weight of such a solution is used, lumpy to mushy masses are produced instead of usable granules. For this reason, column 3 of DE-B-1 162 967 also suggests using alcoholic solutions of carboxymethyl cellulose. However, these require the installation of complex explosion protection devices and cause high costs for the recovery of the solvent. Such a method is unsuitable for technical purposes. The same problems occur if, instead of a cellulose ether solution, the fatty acids, fatty acid alkanolamides, fatty alcohols and carbowaxes dissolved in organic solvents, which are also proposed in DE-B-1 162 967, are used as the covering material. To make matters worse, such coating materials do not dissolve or only dissolve very slowly in cold bleaching solutions and the desired cold bleaching effect is therefore suppressed.

Aus der DE-A-2 048 331 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung umhüllter, granulierter Bleichaktivatoren bekannt, bei dem der Aktivator zunächst mit einem zur Umhüllung oder Granulierung geeigneten Mittel trocken vermischt und in einem zweiten Schritt mit Wasser beziehungsweise in Wasser gelösten Granulierhilfsmitteln oder Filmbildnern besprüht und granuliert wird. Zur Herstellung der trockenen Vorgemische werden entweder wasserlösliche, in Waschmitteln übliche Gerüstsalze, wie Kristallwasser bindende Phosphate, Polyphosphate, Carbonate und Silikate von Alkalimetallen oder wasserunlösliche Füllstoffe, wie Kieselsäure, Magnesiumsilikat oder Magnesiumoxid vorgeschlagen. Man kann die gleichen wasserlöslichen, Kristallwasser bindenden Salze auch als Granulierhilfsmittel verwenden oder aber die trockenen Vorgemische mit einer wäßrigen Lösung filmbildender Stoffe, wie Cellulosederivate oder andere wasserlösliche Polymere natürlichen oder synthetischen Ursprungs besprühen und gleichzeitig granulieren. Dieses Verfahren ist jedoch nur zur Herstellung von Granulaten mit einem vergleichsweise niedrigen Gehalt an Bleichaktivatoren, das heißt mit einem solchen von weniger als 50 Gewichtsprozent, brauchbar. Die Granulate lassen sich daher nur auf solchen Gebieten einsetzen, bei denen der hohe Anteil an Zuschlagstoffen nicht stört.From DE-A-2 048 331 a process for the production of coated, granulated bleach activators is known, in which the activator is first dry mixed with an agent suitable for coating or granulation and sprayed in a second step with water or with granulation aids or film formers dissolved in water and is granulated. To prepare the dry premixes, either water-soluble skeleton salts customary in detergents, such as water-phosphates, polyphosphates, carbonates and silicates of alkali metals, or water-insoluble fillers, such as silica, magnesium silicate or magnesium oxide, are proposed. The same water-soluble salts which bind water of crystallization can also be used as granulation aids or the dry premixes can be sprayed with an aqueous solution of film-forming substances, such as cellulose derivatives or other water-soluble polymers of natural or synthetic origin, and simultaneously granulated. However, this process is only useful for the production of granules with a comparatively low content of bleach activators, that is to say those with less than 50% by weight. The granules can therefore only be used in areas where the high proportion of additives does not interfere.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung gut schüttfähiger, gleichmäßig umhüllter und damit sehr stabiler Bleichaktivator-Granulate zu entwickeln, die einen wesentlich höheren Gehalt, beispielsweise einen von 90 Gewichtsprozent und mehr an aktiver Wirksubstanz aufweisen.The invention is based on the object of developing a process for the production of readily pourable, uniformly coated and thus very stable bleach activator granules which have a substantially higher content, for example one of 90 percent by weight and more, of active substance.

Gegenstand der Erfindung, mit der diese Aufgabe gelöst wird, ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines lagerstabilen, leicht löslichen Granulats mit einem Gehalt an Bleichaktivatoren, bei dessen Durchführung man in einer Misch- und Granuliervorrichtung 90 bis 98 Gewichtsprozent (auf wasserfreie Bestandteile bezogen) des aus einer Verbindung aus der Klasse der N-acylierten Amine, Amide, Diketopiperazine und Glykolurile bestehenden und eine mittlere Korngröße von 0,01 bis 0,8 mm aufweisenden pulverförmigen Bleichaktivators mit 10 bis 2 Gewichtsprozent (auf wasserfreie Bestandteile bezogen) eines aus einer Verbindung aus der Klasse der wasserlöslichen Celluloseether, Stärke und Stärkeether bestehenden Granulierhilfsmittels in der Weise zusammenbringt, daß man den pulverförmigen Bleichaktivator in einer 1. Mischstufe mit 50 bis 100 Gewichtsprozent des insgesamt anzuwendenden, als schüttfähiges Pulver mit einer mittleren Korngröße von 0,01 bis 0,8 mm vorliegenden Granulierhilfsmittels vermischt, worauf man in einer 2. Misch- und Granulationsstufe das Gemisch mit Wasser oder einer wäßrigen Lösung, die den Rest des Granulierhilfsmittels in 0,1- bis 10gewichtsprozentiger Lösung enthält, befeuchtet und granuliert, worauf man den feuchten Granulat so viel Wasser entzieht, daß der Wassergehalt weniger als 2 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise weniger als 1 Gewichtsprozent, beträgt.The invention, with which this object is achieved, is a process for the preparation of storage-stable, easily soluble granules containing bleach activators, the implementation of which is carried out in a mixing and granulating device from 90 to 98 percent by weight (based on anhydrous constituents) a compound from the class of N-acylated amines, amides, diketopiperazines and glycolurils and having an average particle size of 0.01 to 0.8 mm powdery bleach activator with 10 to 2 percent by weight (based on anhydrous constituents) one from a compound of the Class of the water-soluble cellulose ether, starch and starch ether existing granulation aid in such a way that the powdery bleach activator in a 1st mixing stage with 50 to 100 percent by weight of the total to be used as pourable powder with an average grain size of 0.01 to 0.8 mm present granulating aid mixed ht, whereupon in a second mixing and granulation stage the mixture is moistened and granulated with water or an aqueous solution which contains the remainder of the granulating aid in 0.1 to 10% by weight solution, whereupon the moist granules are given as much water withdraws that the water content is less than 2 percent by weight, preferably less than 1 percent by weight.

Unter »mittlerer Korngröße von 0,01 bis 0,8 mm« ist eine solche zu verstehen, bei der mehr als 50 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise mindestens 80 Gewichtsprozent der Partikel, eine Korngröße von 0,01 bis 0,8 mm und nicht mehr als 25 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 10 Gewichtsprozent, eine Korngröße von 0,8 bis höchstens 1,6 mm sowie nicht mehr als 25 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 10 Gewichtsprozent, eine Korngröße von weniger als 0,01 mm aufweisen. Die Korngröße der Feinanteile ist nach unten nicht begrenzt, vielmehr können auch staubfeine Partikel vorliegen. Die Mitverwendbarkeit solcher staubförmiger Anteile, die in technischen, nichtklassierten Pulverprodukten mit breitem Kornspektrum üblich sind, stellt einen zusätzlichen Vorteil des Verfahrens dar.“Average grain size of 0.01 to 0.8 mm” is understood to mean one in which more than 50 percent by weight, preferably at least 80 percent by weight of the particles, has a grain size of 0.01 to 0.8 mm and not more than 25 Weight percent, preferably not more than 10 weight percent, have a grain size of 0.8 to at most 1.6 mm and not more than 25 weight percent, preferably not more than 10 weight percent, have a grain size of less than 0.01 mm. The grain size of the fine particles is not limited at the bottom, but dust-fine particles can also be present. The additional use of such dusty fractions, which are common in technical, unclassified powder products with a broad grain spectrum, represents an additional advantage of the process.

Als Bleichaktivatoren eignen sich die bekannten N-acylierten Amine, Diamine, Amide und Glykolurile, wie sie in den eingangs genannten Patentschriften offenbart sind. Es sind dies zum Beispiel Tetraacetylmethylendiamin, Tetraacetylethylendiamin, Diacetylanilin, Diacetyl-p-toluidin, 1,3-Diacetyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, Tetraacetylglykoluril, Tetrapropionylglykoluril, 1,4-Diacetyl-2,5-diketopipe- razin und 1,4-Diacetyl-3,6-dimethyl-2,5-diketopiperazin. Bevorzugt wird Tetraacetylethylendiamin als Bleichaktivator eingesetzt.The known N-acylated amines, diamines, amides and glycolurils, as disclosed in the patents mentioned at the outset, are suitable as bleach activators. These are, for example, tetraacetylmethylene diamine, tetraacetylethylene diamine, diacetylaniline, diacetyl-p-toluidine, 1,3-diacetyl-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, tetraacetylglycoluril, tetrapropionylglycoluril, 1,4-diacetyl-2,5-diketopipe-rin -Diacetyl-3,6-dimethyl-2,5-diketopiperazine. Tetraacetylethylenediamine is preferably used as the bleach activator.

In der ersten Mischstufe wird der pulverförmige Bleichaktivator mit einem Teil des ebenfalls als Pulver vorliegenden Granulierhilfsmittels vermischt. Der Anteil des in dieser Stufe zur Anwendung kommenden Granulierhilfsmittels beträgt 50 bis 100, vorzugsweise 80 bis 95 Gewichtsprozent des insgesamt verwendeten Granulierhilfsmittels. Es kann demnach in der 1. Mischstufe die Gesamtmenge oder nur ein Teil des Granulationshilfsmittels zugemischt werden. Die 2. Variante, bei der nur ein Teil des Granulationshilfsmittels trocken zugemischt und der Rest als Lösung in der 2. Stufe eingebracht wird, stellt jedoch die bevorzugte.Arbeitsweise dar.In the first mixing stage, the pulverulent bleach activator is mixed with part of the granulation aid, which is also in powder form. The proportion of the granulation aid used in this stage is 50 to 100, preferably 80 to 95 percent by weight of the total granulation aid used. Accordingly, the total amount or only part of the granulation aid can be added in the 1st mixing stage. The second variant, in which only part of the granulation aid is dry-mixed and the rest is introduced as a solution in the second stage, is the preferred method of operation.

Die mittlere Korngröße des Granulierhilfsmittels beträgt 0,01 bis 0,8 mm entsprechend der vorstehenden Definition. Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Korngröße des pulverförmigen Granulierhilfsmittels ebenso groß oder geringer als die Korngröße des Bleichaktivators. So beträgt beispielsweise bei einer mittleren Korngröße des Bleichaktivators von 0,01 bis 0,8 mm die Korngröße des Granulierhilfsmittels vorteilhaft 0,01 bis 0,4 mm, wobei der Anteil der Partikel mit einer Korngröße von 0,4 bis 1,6 mm 25 Gewichtsprozent und insbesondere 10 Gewichtsprozent nicht übertrifft.The average grain size of the granulating aid is 0.01 to 0.8 mm according to the above definition. The grain size of the powdered granulation aid is expediently as large or smaller than the grain size of the bleach activator. For example, with an average particle size of the bleach activator of 0.01 to 0.8 mm, the particle size of the granulating aid is advantageously 0.01 to 0.4 mm, the proportion of particles with a particle size of 0.4 to 1.6 mm 25 Weight percent and in particular 10 weight percent does not exceed.

Das Granulierhilfsmittel besteht aus einem wasserlöslichen Celluloseether, wasserlöslicher Stärke oder einem wasserlöslichen Stärkeether. Beispiele für Celluloseether sind Methylcellulose, Ethylcellulose, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Methylhydroxyethylcellulose, Methylhydroxypropylcellulose, Carboxymethylcellulose (als Natriumsalz) und Methylcarboxymethylcellulose (Na-Salz). Als Stärke kommt beispielsweise depolymerisierte Stärke in Betracht. Geeignete Stärkeether sind beispielsweise Carboxymethylstärke, Hydroxyethylstärke und Methylstärke. Als besonders geeignet hat sich Natrium-carboxymethylcellulose erwiesen.The granulation aid consists of a water-soluble cellulose ether, water-soluble starch or a water-soluble starch ether. Examples of cellulose ethers are methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose (as sodium salt) and methyl carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium salt). For example, depolymerized starch can be considered as starch. Suitable starch ethers are, for example, carboxymethyl starch, hydroxyethyl starch and methyl starch. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose has proven to be particularly suitable.

Das Mischen der beiden pulverförmigen Komponenten kann in üblichen, chargenweise oder kontinuierlich arbeitenden Mischvorrichtungen, die in der Regel mit rotierenden Mischorganen ausgerüstet sind, erfolgen. Je nach Wirksamkeit der Mischvorrichtung liegen die Mischzeiten für ein homogenes Gemisch im allgemeinen zwischen 30 Sekunden und 5 Minuten.The two powdery components can be mixed in conventional batch-wise or continuously operating mixing devices which are generally equipped with rotating mixing elements. Depending on the effectiveness of the mixing device, the mixing times for a homogeneous mixture are generally between 30 seconds and 5 minutes.

Zur Beschleunigung des Lösungsprozesses bei der späteren Anwendung im Bleichbad können noch geringe Mengen an bekannten, pulverförmigen, in der Tablettenindustrie gebräuchlichen Sprengmitteln zugesetzt werden, sofern die eingesetzten Cellulose- und Stärkeether nicht bereits von sich aus eine gewisse Sprengwirkung entfalten. Brauchbare Sprengmittel sind zum Beispiel teilweise abgebaute Stärke, Stärkeether, Polyvinylpolypyrrolidon, Formaldehydcasein und quellfähige Magnesiumalumosilikate (Veegum). Der Anteil an derartigen Sprengmitteln kann 0 bis 2 Gewichtsprozent des wasserfreien Granulats betragen.In order to accelerate the dissolving process in the later use in the bleaching bath, small amounts of known powdery disintegrants which are customary in the tablet industry can be added, provided that the cellulose and starch ethers used do not already have a certain explosive effect. Usable disintegrants are, for example, partially degraded starch, starch ether, polyvinyl polypyrrolidone, formaldehyde casein and swellable magnesium aluminosilicates (Veegum). The proportion of such disintegrants can be 0 to 2 percent by weight of the anhydrous granules.

Das trockene Pulvergemisch wird anschließend mit Wasser oder einer wäßrigen Lösung des noch verbleibenen Granulierhilfsmittels befeuchtet und granuliert. Sofern der Mischer der 1. Mischstufe sich auch für einen Granulierprozeß eignet, kann das Mischgut während des Granulationsprozesses darin verbleiben. Man kann aber auch mit Vorteil das Mischgut nach Abschluß des Mischprozesses in einen Granulator überführen, beispielsweise eine Granuliertrommel oder auf einen rotierenden Granulierteller und dort den Granulationsprozeß vornehmen beziehungsweise zu Ende führen. Bei einer solchen Arbeitsweise wird zweckmäßigerweise ein Teil der Granulierflüssigkeit nach Beendigung der 1. Mischstufe bereits in den Mischer, beispielsweise in dessen Endbereich, eingegeben, um das Mischgut zu befeuchten und der Staubbildung entgegenzuwirken. Beispielsweise werden 5 bis 70 Prozent der Granulierflüssigkeit während des Nachmischens und 95 bis 30 Prozent der Flüssigkeit während des nachfolgenden Granulierens zugeführt.The dry powder mixture is then moistened with water or an aqueous solution of the remaining granulating aid and granulated. If the mixer of the first mixing stage is also suitable for a granulation process, the mix can remain therein during the granulation process. However, it is also advantageous to transfer the material to be mixed into a pelletizer, for example a pelletizing drum or onto a rotating pelletizer, and to carry out the pelletizing process there or to complete it. In such a mode of operation, part of the granulating liquid is expediently introduced into the mixer, for example in its end region, after the end of the first mixing stage, in order to moisten the material to be mixed and to counteract the formation of dust. For example, 5 to 70 percent of the granulation liquid is added during the post-mixing and 95 to 30 percent of the liquid during the subsequent granulation.

Soweit nicht Wasser als Granulierflüssigkeit verwendet wird, kommt das in der 2. Misch- und Granulationsstufe eingesetzte Granulierhilfsmittel vorzugsweise in 0,5- bis 5gewichtsprozentiger Lösung zur Anwendung. Höherkonzentrierte, bis 10 Gewichtsprozent Granulierhilfsmittel enthaltende Lösungen empfehlen sich nur, wenn sie hinreichend niedrigviskos sind. Verwendet man Natriumcarboxymethylcellulose in einer Provenienz, so wie sie üblicherweise in Waschmitteln eingesetzt wird, beträgt die Konzentration zweckmäßigerweise nicht mehr als 4 Gewichtsprozent.If water is not used as the granulating liquid, the granulating aid used in the second mixing and granulation stage is preferably used in a 0.5 to 5 percent by weight solution. Solutions with a higher concentration and containing up to 10 percent by weight of granulation aids are only recommended if they are sufficiently low-viscosity. If sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is used in a provenance as is usually used in detergents, the concentration is advantageously not more than 4 percent by weight.

Die Menge der aufgebrachten Granulierflüssigkeit ist so zu bemessen, daß ein feuchtes, noch nicht zum Zusammenbacken neigendes Granulat entsteht. Dies wird dann erreicht, wenn der Wassergehalt des feuchten Granulats zwischen 10 und 35, vorzugsweise 15 bis 25 Gewichtsprozent beträgt. Pulvergemische mit kleinem Kornspektrum und höherem Anteil an pulverförmigen Granulierhilfsmittel können dabei größere Mengen an Granulierflüssigkeit aufnehmen als weniger feinkörnige Gemische mit geringem tei) an Granulierhilfsmittel.The amount of granulating liquid applied is to be measured so that a moist one, not yet Granules tend to cake. This is achieved when the water content of the moist granules is between 10 and 35, preferably 15 to 25 percent by weight. Powder mixtures with a small particle size range and a higher proportion of powdered granulating aids can absorb larger amounts of granulating liquid than less fine-grained mixtures with a small part) of granulating aids.

Dem troc .enen Pulvergemisch oder der Granulierflüssigkeit kann, sofern gewünscht, ein Farbstoff oder ein Weißpigment zur Anfärbung oder zur Überdeckung der Eigenfarbe der Rohstoffe zugesetzt werden. Hierfür sind im allgemeinen 0,01 bis 0,1 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf das Fertigprodukt, an Farbstoff oder Farbpigment ausreichend.If desired, a dye or a white pigment can be added to the dry powder mixture or the granulating liquid for coloring or to cover the inherent color of the raw materials. For this purpose, generally 0.01 to 0.1 percent by weight, based on the finished product, of dye or pigment is sufficient.

Der Wassergehalt des Gemisches wird anschließend auf weniger als 2, vorzugsweise weniger als 1 Gewichtsprozent erniedrigt. Das Entziehen des überschüssigen Wassers kann durch Trocknen unter Wärmezufuhr erfolgen, wobei die Temperatur des Granulates zweckmäßigerweise 100°C nicht übersteigt und unterhalb der Schmelztemperatur des Bleichaktivators liegt. Geeignet sind Trockner, die die granulare Struktur des Produkts nicht nachteilig verändern, beispielsweise Horden-, Vakuum- oder Wirbelschichttrockner. Die getrockneten Granulate sollen weniger als 2, vorzugsweise weniger als 1 Gewichtsprozent Wasser enthalten.The water content of the mixture is then reduced to less than 2, preferably less than 1 percent by weight. The excess water can be removed by drying with the addition of heat, the temperature of the granules expediently not exceeding 100 ° C. and below the melting temperature of the bleach activator. Dryers that do not adversely change the granular structure of the product are suitable, for example tray, vacuum or fluidized bed dryers. The dried granules should contain less than 2, preferably less than 1 percent by weight of water.

Sofern das Granulat zum späteren Einsatz in Waschmitteln bestimmt ist bzw. zu Waschzwecken verwendet werden soll, bei denen ein gewisser Gehalt an solchen Salzen nicht stört, die üblicherweise in Waschmitteln oder bei Waschprozessen eingesetzt werden und die unter Aufnahme von Kristallwasser zu kristallisieren vermögen, kann der Entzug des überschüssigen Wassers auch durch Vermischen der feuchten Granulate mit derartigen wasserentziehenden, im wesentlichen wasserfreien oder wasserarmen Salzen erfolgen. Beispiele für derartige Salze sind Natriumtripolyphosphat, Natriumsulfat, Natriumcarbonat, Natriumsilikat und zum Ionenaustausch befähigte, wasserarme Natriumalumosilikate sowie deren Gemische. Die anzuwendende Menge richtet sich nach dem Wasserbindevermögen der betreffenden Salze sowie dem Wassergehalt des feuchten Granulates. Im Falle des bevorzugt angewendeten wasserfreien Natriumtripolyphosphats beträgt das Mischungsverhältnis von Tripolyphosphat zu feuchtem Granulat 1 : 3 bis 1 : 1,5, insbesondere 1 2 bis 1 : 1. Das Vermischen kann in üblichen Mischern oder Granuliervorrichtungen vorgenommen werden, wobei auch die zur Herstellung der feuchten Granulate verwendeten, mit Mischorganen ausgerüsteten Mischvorrichtungen unmittelbar weiterbenutzt werden können. Auf diese Weise ist eine vereinfachte, insbesondere energiesparende Verarbeitung möglich, da die notwendige Trockenstufe eingespart werden kann.If the granulate is intended for later use in detergents or is to be used for washing purposes in which a certain content of such salts does not interfere, which are usually used in detergents or in washing processes and which can crystallize with the absorption of water of crystallization, the The excess water is also removed by mixing the moist granules with such dehydrating, essentially water-free or low-water salts. Examples of such salts are sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate and low-water sodium aluminosilicates capable of ion exchange and mixtures thereof. The amount to be used depends on the water binding capacity of the salts concerned and the water content of the moist granules. In the case of the preferably used anhydrous sodium tripolyphosphate, the mixing ratio of tripolyphosphate to moist granules is 1: 3 to 1: 1.5, in particular 1 2 to 1: 1. Mixing can be carried out in conventional mixers or granulating devices, the process for producing the Wet granules used with mixing devices equipped mixing devices can be used immediately. In this way, simplified, in particular energy-saving, processing is possible since the necessary drying stage can be saved.

Weiterhin ist es möglich, dem zum Einsatz in Waschmnitteln beziehungsweise in Waschprozessen bestimmten Granulaten während des Granulierprozesses auch solche Stoffe zuzusetzen, die üblicherweise in sehr geringer Menge den Waschmitteln in einem besonderen Mischprozeß getrennt zugemischt werden. Es handelt sich bei diesen Zusatzstoffen um solche, die bei der üblichen Waschmittelaufbereitung, insbesondere bei der Heißsprühtrocknung, inaktiviert werden beziehungsweise verlorengehen, wie Schauminhibitoren und Duftstoffe. Als Schauminhibitoren kommen übliche bekannte Entschäumungsmittel, vorzugsweise Polysiloxane sowie deren Gemische mit mikrofeiner Kieselsäure in Frage. Beispiele hierfür sind Polydimethylsiloxan mit einem Gehalt von zirka 1-10 Gewichtsprozent an mikrofeiner Kieselsäure. Der Anteil an derartigen Polysiloxanentschäumern kann 1 bis 5 Gewichtsprozent, vorzugsweise 2 bis 4 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf das fertige Granulat, betragen. Das Zumischen des Entschäumers kann bereits in der 1. Mischstufe erfolgen; man kann den Entschäumer aber auch in der Granulierflüssigkeit dispergieren, die zwecks Vermeidung von Entmischungsvorgängen in diesem Falle jedoch ein Teil des Granulierhilfsmittels enthalten soll.It is also possible to add to the granules intended for use in detergents or in washing processes during the granulation process those substances which are usually mixed separately in very small amounts with the detergents in a special mixing process. These additives are those which are inactivated or lost in conventional detergent preparation, in particular in hot spray drying, such as foam inhibitors and fragrances. Suitable foam inhibitors are customary known defoamers, preferably polysiloxanes, and mixtures thereof with microfine silica. Examples of these are polydimethylsiloxane with a content of approximately 1-10 percent by weight of microfine silica. The proportion of such polysiloxane defoamers can be 1 to 5 percent by weight, preferably 2 to 4 percent by weight, based on the finished granulate. The defoamer can be added in the first mixing stage; however, the defoamer can also be dispersed in the granulating liquid which, in order to avoid segregation processes, should contain part of the granulating aid in this case.

Die in der angegebenen Weise hergestellten Granulate weisen ein günstiges Kornspektrum auf. Eventuell vorhandene Überschlag- und Feinanteile können abgesiebt und nach dem Mahlen der Grobanteile wieder in den Prozeß zurückgeführt werden. Die Granulate sind gut schüttfähig, nichtklebend und mit Rücksicht auf die vollständige Umhüllung der Aktivatorpartikel sehr beständig. Von besonderem Vorteil ist ihr hoher, 90 und mehr Gewichtsprozent betragender Anteil an Aktivsubstanz. Sie lassen sich mit Vorteil in Wasch-, Bleich-, Oxidations- und desinfizierend wirkenden Mitteln einsetzen und behalten ihre guten Eigenschaften auch im Gemisch mit den in diesen Mitteln enthaltenen Wirkstoffen.The granules produced in the manner indicated have a favorable grain spectrum. Any existing flashover and fine fractions can be sieved and returned to the process after the coarse fractions have been ground. The granules are easy to pour, non-sticky and, with due regard for the complete coating of the activator particles, very stable. Its high proportion of active substance, 90 and more percent by weight, is particularly advantageous. They can be used with advantage in detergents, bleaches, oxidizers and disinfectants and retain their good properties even when mixed with the active ingredients contained in these agents.

BeispieleExamples Beispiel 1example 1

Als Bleichaktivator wurde Tetraacetylethylendiamin mit einer mittleren Korngröße von 0,01 bis 0,8 mm eingesetzt. Der Kornanteil zwischen 0,8 und 1,6 mm betrug 5 Gewichtsprozent, der Anteil unter 0,01 mm 10 Gewichtsprozent.Tetraacetylethylenediamine with an average grain size of 0.01 to 0.8 mm was used as the bleach activator. The grain fraction between 0.8 and 1.6 mm was 5 weight percent, the fraction under 0.01 mm 10 weight percent.

2,817 kg des pulverförmigen Bleichaktivators wurden in einem horizontal drehbar angeordneten Mischer, der mit an einer schnell rotierenden Welle angebrachten Misch- und Zerhackerwerkzeugen ausgerüstet war, mit 0,15 kg Na-Carboxymethylcellulose im Verlauf von 1 Minute gemischt. 94 Gewichtsprozent der Carboxymethylcellulose wiesen eine Korngröße von 0,01 bis 0,8 mm, 1 Gewichtsprozent eine solche von 0,8 bis 1,6 mm und 5 Gewichtsprozent eine solche von weniger als 0,01 mm auf. Der in die erste Mischstufe eingebrachte Anteil der Carboxymethylcellulose betrug 83,3 Prozent der Gesamtmenge.2.817 kg of the powdery bleach activator were mixed with 0.15 kg of Na-carboxymethyl cellulose in the course of 1 minute in a horizontally rotatable mixer equipped with mixing and chopping tools attached to a rapidly rotating shaft. 94 percent by weight of the carboxymethyl cellulose had a grain size of 0.01 to 0.8 mm, 1 weight percent from 0.8 to 1.6 mm and 5 percent by weight from less than 0.01 mm. The proportion of carboxymethyl cellulose introduced into the first mixing stage was 83.3 percent of the total.

Anschließend wurde durch die rotierende hohfe Antriebswelle des Mischers eine Lösung von 30 g Na-Carboxymethylcellulose (16,7 Prozent der Gesamtmenge) und 2,25 g eines Farbstoffes (Pigmosol blau) in 1,18 kg Wasser im Verlauf von 5 Minuten auf das in Bewegung gehaltene Mischgut aufgebracht und anschließend noch 1 Minute nachgranuliert. Nach dem Trocknen auf einen Wassergehalt von weniger als 1 Gewichtsprozent wurden die Fein- und Grobanteile mit einer Korngröße von unter 0,5 mm und über 1,5 mm ausgesiebt. Der Anteil an Granulat mit einem Kornspektrum zwischen 0,5 und 1,5 mm betrug 75 Gewichtsprozent. Das Granulat war homogen, gut schüttfähig und lagerstabil und wies die folgende Zusammensetzung (als wasserfreie Substanz gerechnet) auf:

Figure imgb0001
Then, through the rotating hollow drive shaft of the mixer, a solution of 30 g of Na-carboxymethyl cellulose (16.7 percent of the total amount) and 2.25 g of a dye (pigmosol blue) in 1.18 kg of water was applied to the in 5 minutes Mix kept in motion and then granulated for 1 minute. After drying to a water content of less than 1 percent by weight, the fine and coarse fractions with a grain size of less than 0.5 mm and more than 1.5 mm were sieved out. The proportion of granules with a particle size range between 0.5 and 1.5 mm was 75 percent by weight. The granules were homogeneous, pourable and stable in storage and had the following composition (calculated as an anhydrous substance):
Figure imgb0001

Beispiel 2Example 2

42,0 kg des in Beispiel 1 eingesetzten pulverförmigen Tetraacetylethylendiamins wurden in einem mit rotierenden Mischorganen ausgerüsteten Trommelmischer (LÖDIGE-Mischer) mit 2,24 kg Na-Carboxymethylcellulose der in Beispiel 1 angegebenen Korngröße (88,2 Prozent der insgesamt eingesetzten Menge) 2 Minuten gemischt und anschließend unter ständigem weiterem Mischen mit einer Lösung von 170,4 g Na-Carboxymethylcellulose in 5,51 kg Wasser (3gewichtsprozentig) besprüht zwecks Bindung staubförmiger Anteile. Das Mischgut wurde in einen kontinuierlich arbeitenden Mischgranulator (Leistung 800 kg/h) überführt. Der Auslauf dieses Mischers war über Transportbänder mit dem Einlauf verbunden, so daß das Produkt im Kreislauf geführt werden konnte. Im Verlauf von 9 Minuten wurden 4,3 kg einer 3prozentigen Lösung von Na-Carboxymethylcellulose (entsprechend 129 g) durch die rotierende Welle des Granulationsmischers zugeführt. Es wurde noch 1 Minute nachgranuliert und dann das Produkt aus dem Kreislauf herausgeführt.42.0 kg of the powdery tetraacetylethylenediamine used in Example 1 were in a drum mixer equipped with rotating mixing elements (LÖDIGE mixer) with 2.24 kg Na carboxymethyl cellulose of the grain size given in Example 1 (88.2 percent of the total amount used) for 2 minutes mixed and then sprayed with continuous mixing with a solution of 170.4 g Na carboxymethyl cellulose in 5.51 kg water (3% by weight) for the purpose of binding dust-like components. The mix was transferred to a continuously operating mixing granulator (capacity 800 kg / h). The outlet of this mixer was connected to the inlet via conveyor belts so that the product could be circulated. In the course of 9 minutes, 4.3 kg of a 3 percent solution of Na-carboxymethyl cellulose (corresponding to 129 g) were fed in through the rotating shaft of the granulation mixer. Granulation was continued for 1 minute and then the product was removed from the circuit.

Die Hauptmenge des Granulates wurde in einer Vakuumtrockenvörrichtung bei 67 mbar (50 Torr) im Verlauf von 24 Stunden auf einen Wassergehalt von unter 1 Gewichtsprozent getrocknet. 3 kg des feuchten Granulates wurden in einem Wirbelschichttrockner mit Luft, die eine Eintrittstemperatur von 57°C aufwies, während 10 Minuten auf den gleichen Trocknungsgrad getrocknet. In beiden Fällen betrug der Anteil des Granulates mit einer Korngröße von 0,5 bis 1,5 mm 65 Gewichtsprozent. Überschlag und Feinanteile wurden ausgesiebt und nach Mahlen der Grobanteile in den nachfolgenden Granulationsprozeß eingegeben.The majority of the granules were dried in a vacuum drying device at 67 mbar (50 torr) over a period of 24 hours to a water content of less than 1 percent by weight. 3 kg of the moist granules were dried in a fluidized bed dryer with air having an inlet temperature of 57 ° C. for 10 minutes to the same degree of drying. In both cases, the proportion of granules with a grain size of 0.5 to 1.5 mm was 65 percent by weight. The rollover and fine fractions were sieved out and, after grinding the coarse fractions, entered into the subsequent granulation process.

Das Granulat besaß die gleichen vorteilhaften Eigenschaften wie in Beispiel 1 und wies die folgende Zusammensetzung (wasserfreie Substanz) auf:

Figure imgb0002
The granules had the same advantageous properties as in Example 1 and had the following composition (anhydrous substance):
Figure imgb0002

Beispielexample

In einen kontinuierlich arbeitenden Mischer wurden 95 Gewichtsteile des in Beispiel 1 verwendeten Tetraacetylethylendiamins mit 5 Gewichtsteilen Na-Carboxymethylcellulose kontinuierlich gemischt. Im letzten Drittel des Mischers wurden mittels Düsen 10 Gewichtsteile einer Lösung von 0,34 Gewichtsteile Na-Carboxymethylcellulose in 11 Gewichtsteilen Wasser (3prozentige Lösung) zwecks Staubbindung kontinuierlich auf das Mischgut aufgesprüht. Das angefeuchtete Gemisch gelangte in einen kontinuierlich arbeitenden Granulator (vgI. Beispiel 2), wo es mit 10 Gewichtsteilen einer Lösung von 96,33 Gewichtsprozent Wasser, 3 Gewichtsprozent Na-Carboxymethylcellulose und 0,67 Gewichtsprozent Farbstoff (vgl. Beispiel 1) besprüht und granuliert wurde. Aus dem Granulator gelangte das Gut auf ein Transportband, von dem aus ein Teilstrom von 70 Gewichtsprozent ausgeschleust und ein Teilstrom von 30 Gewichtsprozent in den Granulator zurückgeführt wurden. Das fertige Granulat wies nach dem Trocknen die folgende Zusammensetzung auf:

Figure imgb0003
In a continuous mixer, 95 parts by weight of the tetraacetylethylenediamine used in Example 1 were continuously mixed with 5 parts by weight of Na carboxymethyl cellulose. In the last third of the mixer, 10 parts by weight of a solution of 0.34 parts by weight of Na-carboxymethyl cellulose in 11 parts by weight of water (3 percent solution) were sprayed continuously onto the material to be mixed with dust by means of nozzles. The moistened mixture passed into a continuously operating granulator (see Example 2), where it was sprayed and granulated with 10 parts by weight of a solution of 96.33% by weight of water, 3% by weight of Na-carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.67% by weight of dye (see Example 1) has been. The goods came from the granulator onto a conveyor belt, from which a partial flow of 70 percent by weight was discharged and a partial stream of 30 percent by weight was returned to the granulator. After drying, the finished granules had the following composition:
Figure imgb0003

67 Gewichtsprozent des Granulates wiesen ein Kornspektrum zwischen 0,5 und 1,5 mm auf. Das nach dem Trocknen ausgesiebte Feingut und der gemahlene Überschlag wurden kontinuierlich ebenfalls in den Granulator zurückgeführt.67 percent by weight of the granules had a particle size range between 0.5 and 1.5 mm. The fine material sieved out after drying and the ground flap were also continuously returned to the granulator.

Entsprechend der in Beispiel 1 angegebenen Herstellungsweise wurden 91,45 Gewichtsteile Tetraacetylethylendiamin, das folgende Korngröße aufwies (in Gewichtsprozent):

Figure imgb0004
mit 3,048 Gewichtsteilen eines Polysiloxan-Entschäumers (bestehend aus 93 Gewichtsprozent Polydimethylsiloxan und 7 Gewichtsprozent silanierter mikrofeiner Kieselsäure) und 4,8 Gewichtsteilen Na-Carboxymethylcellulose 2 Minuten gemischt. Anschließend wurden durch die hohle Antriebswelle des Mischers 0,629 Gewichtsteile Natrium-Carboxymethylcellulose in Form einer 3%igen wäßrigen Lösung im Verlauf von 5 Minuten zugeführt und danach der Granulationsprozeß noch 1 Minute fortgesetzt. Nach dem Trocknen bei einer Temperatur von 60° C und dem Absieben der Anteile unter 0,5 und über 1,5 mm Korndurchmesser wurden 76 Gewichtsprozent eines homogenen, gut schüttfähigen Granulates erhalten, das bei der Anwendung in der Waschmaschine zusammen mit einem nicht schaumgebremsten Vollwaschmittel ein Waschen ohne störende Schaumentwicklung ermöglichte.In accordance with the preparation procedure given in Example 1, 91.45 parts by weight of tetraacetylethylenediamine, which had the following grain size (in percent by weight):
Figure imgb0004
mixed with 3.048 parts by weight of a polysiloxane defoamer (consisting of 93 percent by weight of polydimethylsiloxane and 7 percent by weight of silanized microfine silica) and 4.8 parts by weight of Na carboxymethyl cellulose. Then, through the hollow drive shaft of the mixer, 0.629 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the form of a 3% strength aqueous solution were fed in over the course of 5 minutes, and the granulation process was then continued for a further 1 minute. After drying at a temperature of 60 ° C and sieving the parts below 0.5 and above 1.5 mm grain diameter, 76% by weight of homogeneous, free-flowing granules were obtained, which, when used in the washing machine, together with a non-foaming detergent washing without disruptive foam development enabled.

Beispiel 5Example 5

Beispiel 4 wurde wiederholt, wobei jedoch der Polysiloxan-Entschäumer in der wäßrigen, Carboxymethylcellulose enthaltenden Granulierflüssigkeit dispergiert worden war. Hinsichtlich seiner Eigenschaften entsprach das Produkt dem des Beispiels 4.Example 4 was repeated, but the polysiloxane defoamer had been dispersed in the aqueous granulation liquid containing carboxymethyl cellulose. In terms of its properties, the product corresponded to that of Example 4.

Beispiel 6Example 6

42,0 kg des in Beispiel 1 eingesetzten pulverförmigen Tetraacetylethylendiamins wurden in einem mit rotierenden Mischorganen ausgerüsteten Trommelmischer (LÖDIGE-Mischer) mit 2,24 kg Na-Carboxymethylcellulose der in Beispiel 1 angegebenen Korngröße (88,2 Prozent der insgesamt eingesetzten Menge) 2 Minuten gemischt und anschließend unter ständigem weiterem Mischen mit einer Lösung von 170,4 g Na-Carboxymethylcellulose in 5,51 kg Wasser (3gewichtsprozentig) besprüht zwecks Bindung staubförmiger Anteile. Das Mischgut wurde in einen kontinuierlich arbeitenden Mischgranulator (Leistung 800 kg/h) überführt. Der Auslauf dieses Mischers war über Transportbänder mit dem Einlauf verbunden, so daß das Produkt im Kreislauf geführt werden konnte. Im Verlauf von 9 Minuten wurden 4,3 kg einer 3prozentigen Lösung von Na-Carboxymethylcellulose (entsprechend 129 g) durch die rotierende Welle des Granulationsmischers zugeführt.42.0 kg of the powdery tetraacetylethylenediamine used in Example 1 were in a drum mixer equipped with rotating mixing elements (LÖDIGE mixer) with 2.24 kg Na carboxymethyl cellulose of the grain size given in Example 1 (88.2 percent of the total amount used) for 2 minutes mixed and then sprayed with continuous mixing with a solution of 170.4 g Na carboxymethyl cellulose in 5.51 kg water (3% by weight) for the purpose of binding dust-like components. The mix was transferred to a continuously operating mixing granulator (capacity 800 kg / h). The outlet of this mixer was connected to the inlet via conveyor belts so that the product could be circulated. In the course of 9 minutes, 4.3 kg of a 3 percent solution of Na-carboxymethyl cellulose (corresponding to 129 g) were fed in through the rotating shaft of the granulation mixer.

Im Anschluß daran wurden 40 kg wasserfreies Natriumtripolyphosphat (Phase-II-Gehalt 92 Gewichtsprozent, Diphosphatgehalt 2 Gewichtsprozent) im Verlauf von 3 Minuten zugemischt und der Granulationsprozeß noch 3 Minuten fortgesetzt. Es wurde ein trockenes, gut rieselfähiges Granulat erhalten mit einem Anteil von 58 Gewichtsprozent der Korngröße 0,5 bis 1,5 mm. Überschlag und Feinanteile wurden ausgesiebt und nach Mahlen der Großanteile in den nachfolgenden Granulationsprozeß eingegeben.Subsequently, 40 kg of anhydrous sodium tripolyphosphate (phase II content 92 percent by weight, diphosphate content 2 percent by weight) were mixed in over the course of 3 minutes and the granulation process continued for a further 3 minutes. A dry, free-flowing granulate was obtained with a proportion of 58 percent by weight of the grain size 0.5 to 1.5 mm. The rollover and fine fractions were sieved out and, after the large fractions had been ground, entered into the subsequent granulation process.

Claims (14)

10. A process as claimed in Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one salt free or substantially free from water and binding water of crystallization is added to the moist granulate.
11. A process as claimed in Claim 10, characterized in that sodium tripolyphosphate is used as the salt binding water of crystallization in a ratio by weight of salt to moist granulate of from 1 : 3 to 1 : 1.5 and preferably in a ratio of from 1 : 2to 1 : 1.
12. A process as claimed in Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a defoamer is added during mixing or granulation.
13. A process as claimed in Claim 12, characterized in that polysiloxanes and mixtures thereof with microfine silica are used as the defoamer.
14. A process as claimed in Claim 13, characterized in that the defoamer is added in a quantity of from 1 to 5% by weight, based on the final granulate.
EP81102083A 1980-03-28 1981-03-20 Process for the preparation of a storage-stable, easily soluble granulated compound containing a bleach activator Expired EP0037026B1 (en)

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US7456143B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2008-11-25 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien (Henkel Kgaa) Bleach-containing washing or cleaning agents containing a sulfate/silicate coated percarbonate

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DE3011998C2 (en) 1982-06-16
US4372868A (en) 1983-02-08
JPS56149500A (en) 1981-11-19

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