EP0035226A1 - Verbindung von Schalungsplatten zum Herstellen einer Betonwandinnenecke - Google Patents

Verbindung von Schalungsplatten zum Herstellen einer Betonwandinnenecke Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0035226A1
EP0035226A1 EP81101342A EP81101342A EP0035226A1 EP 0035226 A1 EP0035226 A1 EP 0035226A1 EP 81101342 A EP81101342 A EP 81101342A EP 81101342 A EP81101342 A EP 81101342A EP 0035226 A1 EP0035226 A1 EP 0035226A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
corner
recited
form panels
control unit
panels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81101342A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Grady H. Ivey
Leonard D. Sprouse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STRICKLAND SYSTEMS Inc
Original Assignee
STRICKLAND SYSTEMS Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by STRICKLAND SYSTEMS Inc filed Critical STRICKLAND SYSTEMS Inc
Publication of EP0035226A1 publication Critical patent/EP0035226A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
    • E04G11/082—Retractable forms for the inside face of at least three walls

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to assembling concrete form panels for use in casting concrete wall structures. More particularly it relates to improvements in apparatus provided to form the corners of a concrete cast wall structure and especially inside corners.
  • the finished inside corner is to be smooth and free from joint lines as might be created by the surface character of the form panel or other elements against which the concrete is cast.
  • the structure or apparatus utilized to cast the concrete inside corner thereagainst should be simple and involve a minimum number of structural elements. Certainly it is a disadvantage for the form panel support structure to involve use of a variety of separate detached or detachable elements which would be subject to being separated or lost to prevent reuse of the structure at different site locations.
  • one of the essential objects of this invention is to provide form panel apparatus for casting an inside corner structure which will render it possible to form the concrete wall structure with a smooth inner surface at and adjacent the corner with the apparatus being composed of a relatively few simple parts which are capable of being readily assembled and disassembled.
  • a principal object of the invention is the provision of an inside corner concrete form panel support structure with a minimum of individual parts such that there is less likelihood of any of the parts being lost or separated for the installation at which they are needed.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a corner form panel structure which is adapted to extend across the space between the adjacent edges of wall forming panel sections at the corner of a shaft or other inside corner wall structure, in which a corner forming member has angularly related outer edges respectively overlapping and interengaging with the inner wall forming surfaces of the panel sections with a control unit operable to clamp the overlapping edges of the corner forming member firmly against the wall forming surfaces of the panel sections.
  • Another object is to provide an inside corner structure for concrete form panel support which provides the requisite strength for holding the parts incident pouring and hardening of the concrete and also has sufficient force generating capability to enable stripping of the adjacent corner form panels and corner angle member from the hardened concrete inside wall corner.
  • Another object is to provide a control unit for an inside corner structure as described above in which the form panel sections and the corner forming member are elongated and extend at right angles to one another to define the inside corner.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a corner forming structure in which the adjacent form panels that are engaged with the angle member at the corner to be cast are positively- controlled by a control unit utilizing four bar linkage members to move the panels perpendicularly away from the hardened concrete wall structure.
  • the invention involves concrete form panel apparatus for use in casting a concrete inside corner wall structure.
  • This apparatus employs an elongate member defining an outwardly facing corner angle which extends lengthwise of the corner to be cast and provides outer edges facing normal to each other while a pair of form panels, deposed generally perpendicular to each other, have adjacent edges which are moved into abutment with the outer edges of the member prior to carrying out the concrete pouring operation.
  • the member and pair of form panels are all interconnected by a control unit which has an actuator operable to move the adjacent edges of the panels into abutment with the outer edges of the corner member.
  • This control unit, and specifically the actuator means thereof also operates to strip both of the form panels and the corner angle member from the concrete after it has hardened.
  • control unit being connected to the form panels by four-bar linkages and the control unit also having a reciprocably moveable rod element which is rigidly secured to the inside, of the corner angle member and extends inwardly from the corner to be cast between the adjacent edges of the form panels to the point where it is connected with the body of the control unit for the element to be driven axially relative to the body mechanically, hydraulically or otherwise.
  • Figure 1 shows four corner units 10 of the instant invention assembled with form panels 12 for utilization.
  • corner units 10 there are four corner units 10 associated with four concrete form panels 12, each form panel defining one wall of a concrete shaft which would be cast around the assembly.
  • E ach form panel 12 may be suitably constructed, as is conventional, from one or more sheets of plywood.
  • the individual form panels 12 are reinforced by horizontally extending, spaced walers 14.
  • the walers 14 may in turn be strengthened by connecting thereto horizontally spaced stiffeners or strongbacks that extend vertically of the walers 14.
  • Figure 1 shows the assembly of four corner units 10 with appropriate form panels 12
  • Figure 7 illustrates the manner in which the assembly of Figure 1, after use in casting the inner concrete wall surface of a shaft may have a cable harness H attached to the upper four corners of the assembly for lifting it out of the hardened concrete shaft that was previously poured.
  • Figures 2 and 3 on the drawings show a corner unit 10 connected to the adjacent edges of form panels 12 to make use of the unit.
  • Figure 2 shows the unit 10 in closed condition in readiness for concrete to be poured exteriorly thereof to create an inside corner wall structure
  • Figure 3 shows a corner unit 10 in open condition where the form panels and unit have been stripped from the hardened inside corner wall structure C. Thereafter, the unit and associated form panels are removed and utilized at a new location.
  • a corner member 16 is provided on corner unit 10 to define an outwardly facing corner angle.
  • Angle member 16 is elongated to extend lengthwise of the corner to be cast with the concrete being poured outwardly of the corner unit 10 and associated form panels 12.
  • the member 16 provides outer edges 18 which face normal to each other.
  • the adjacent edges 20 of perpendicular form panels 12 are provided with longitudinal grooves 22.
  • the outer edges 18 of angle member 16 are nested into the respective grooves 22 on edges 20 so that the outer edges 18 are abutted with the adjacent edges of the form panels 12. Accordingly, the outer surfaces of these form panels and outer surfaces of angle member 16 conjointly define an outwardly facing smooth corner angle surface against which the poured concrete is cast and thereafter hardens.
  • plywood sheets may form the panel surfaces against which the concrete is cast and walers 14 are attached to this plywood sheeting to complete' to form panel 12.
  • the form panels 12 utilize walers 14 which preferably are formed from extruded aluminum. It is to be recognized that walers 14 may also be provided by elongated wooden members, such as 2x4s, as are used in conventional concrete form panel construction work. In using extruded aluminum lengths to provide walers 14, the waler cross-section may suitably be formed with a cavity 24.
  • a mounting plate 26 may be snuggly received in cavity 24 and bolted to the waler 14 by bolt and nut connectors 28, three such connectors being shown affixing each plate 26 to its waler 14. A plate 26 is fastened to each of the adjacent ends of walers 14 as shown.
  • Each corner unit 10 has a control element 30.
  • element 30 is provided by an elongated threaded screw.
  • One end of the threaded screw element 30 is secured at 32 as by welding, to the inner wall surface of corner angle member 16.
  • screw element 30 is fixed against rotation to extend at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the 90 degree angle between the outwardly facing surfaces of member 16.
  • Screw element 30 extends inwardly from corner angle member 16 between the adjacent ends of form panels 12 and ends of walers 14 to pass through a body 34, forming with element 30 part of a control unit that is a component of corner unit 10.
  • body 34 In operation of the corner unit, reciprocal movement of body 34 relative to element 30 is necessary to carry out the actions of unit 10 in first moving the adjacent edges of form panels 12 into abutment with the outer edges 18 of corner angle member 16 and secondly in stripping both of the form panels and the corner angle member from the concrete structure after pouring and hardening of the concrete exteriorly of the form panels 12 and member 16.
  • the movement of body 34 reciprocally relative to control element 30 is achieved by utilization of an actuator means in the form of device 40.
  • Device 40 consists of a clamping member 42 which is pivotally supported on base 44 of the device. In turn the device is clamped at 46 to body 34 of the control unit.
  • a centrally grooved anchor nut 48 in held by the clamping member 42 against axial movement relative to the base 44 of device 40 when the clamping member is closed as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
  • the anchor nut 48 is internally threaded and is threadably engaged with the screw element 30.
  • the end of anchor nut 48 is provided with flat portions to accommodate engagement of nut 48 by an appropriate wrench to enable turning the nut relative to screw element 30.
  • the nut can be screwed on or off element 30 to move the control unit body 34 axially along control unit element 30.
  • device 40 The detailed structure of device 40 is not illustrated on the drawings since its construction forms no part of the invention herein. For a fuller understanding of its construction and operation, reference may be made to United States patent 4,044,986, issued August 30, 1977. The utilization of device 40 in the instant invention and its function herein is similar to that disclosed in this patent. Certainly this is true 'insofar as its releasable clamping action is utilized by engagement of centrally grooved anchor nut 48 with threaded screw element 30 to achieve inward or outward movement of control unit body 34 relative to element 30.
  • actuator means which may be employed as a substitute for device 40.
  • a hydraulic actuator device may be used in place of device 40 to achieve the same reciprocal movement of the control unit body 34 relative to threaded screw element 30. Detailed description of the hydraulic actuator shown in Figure 6 will be given subsequently.
  • the body 34 of the control unit is guided and driven in its movements back and forth along threaded element 30 by the anchor nut 48 associated with actuator device 40.
  • a sleeve 50 is mounted in the end of body 34 opposite the anchor nut 48. This sleeve 50 slidably receives the element 30 therewithin.
  • the sleeve is appropriately restrained against longitudinal or rotational movement relative to the control unit body 34 by a key 52 on the body 34 which is received in a groove 54 formed in the outer periphery of sleeve 50 all as best shown in Figure 4.
  • each plate 26 is fastened by connectors 28 to one of the adjacent ends of the walers 14 where the walers approach the corner to be cast in concrete.
  • Each of the sets of these linkage means is provided by a pair of forward upper and lower links 60 which are disposed forwardly or toward the corner of the corner angle member 16 and upper and lower links 62 which are disposed rearwardly or outwardly of the links 60.
  • each of the links 60 and 62 that is adjacent the control unit body 34 is pivotally connected to such body.
  • two ears 64 are fixed, as by welding, to the forward end of the control unit body 34.
  • the ears 64 provide a pivot axis for the ends of links 60, this axis being vertically aligned with the axis of the threaded element 30 as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
  • a pair of vertically spaced ears 66 is fixed to each of the opposite side edges of the body 34, as by welding, to pivotally connect the ends of links 62 to the body 34.
  • Two pairs of ears 66 are provided, one on each side of the body 34 to accommodate the two pairs of links 62.
  • the two pairs of ears 66 provide spaced parallel pivot axes for the ends of links 62.
  • the relationship of the ears 64 and 66, as mounted on the body 34 of the control unit may be be viewed in Figure 5.
  • links 60 adjacent body 34 are pivotally connected to the spaced ears 64 by pivot pins 68.
  • links 62 disposed adjacent the control unit body 34 are pivotally connected to the spaced pairs of ears 66 by pins 70.
  • each of the pins 68 and 70 is suitably retained in position to permit free pivotal movements of the links retained thereby relative to the ears secured to the body 34.
  • the location of the two pins 68 and four pins 70 relative to the body 34 may best be seen on Figure 4 on the drawings.
  • each of the links 60 and 62 remote from the control unit body 34 are each pivotally conected to one of the plates 26 that is secured by fasteners 28 to the walers 14.
  • the remote ends of links 60 are pivotally connected to the respective plates 26 by pins 72 and the remote ends of link 62 are pivotally connected to the respective plates 26 by pins 74.
  • the pins 72 and 74 are retained in place in such a manner that free pivotal movement between the links 60 and 62 relative to the respective plates 26 will be permitted.
  • the relation of pins 72 and 74 to the respective plates 26 may best be viewed on Figure 4.
  • each combination of a link 60 and link 62 with the pivotal connections as illustrated forms a four- bar linkage interconnecting the control unit body 34 with one end of one of the walers 14.
  • the spacing of pins 68 and 70 and the pins 72 and 74 dispose the links 60 parallel to the links 62.
  • the links 60 and the links 62 are respectively aligned.
  • the four bar linkages formed by links 60 and 62 have been collapsed to dispose the pairs of links 60 and links 62 at right angles to each other.
  • the corner angle member 16 is drawn into be positioned with its outer edges 18 abutting the adjacent edges of the form panels 12 at the corner of the wall structure that is to be cast.
  • the anchor nut 48 of the actuator device 40 has been threaded down onto screw element 30 to draw the member 16 toward the adjacent edges of form panels 12 thereby pressing the control unit body 34 toward the corner and compelling the links 60 and 62 to assume the position as shown on Figure 2.
  • a flange 76 forming a part of control unit body 34 is so positioned that the links 60 are prevented from moving beyond the straight aligned position such as shown in Figure 2.
  • anchor nut 48 firmly tightened down on screw element 30 the corner angle member 16 and the adjacent ends of the form panels 12 are retained in proper position for pouring concrete outwardly of the corner member 16 and form panels 12.
  • the force from the anchor nut 48 is transmitted through the device 40 to the body 34 of the control unit to acheive the above described condition of the apparatus.
  • the respective form panels 12 are stripped away from the cast concrete C by being drawn perpendicularly from the hardened concrete wall surface. Thereafter the anchor nut 48 is threaded in the opposite direction to draw the threaded screw element 30 with the corner member 16 affixed thereto rearwardly to strip the corner member 16 from the cast concrete C.
  • holding means described hereinafter are provided to retain the components in proper operating relationship incident threading of the anchor nut 48 on element 30 away from and thereafter toward the corner member 16 which, of course, acts on such member through the elongated screw element 30.
  • the apparatus stands ready for pouring concrete around the exterior thereof to cast an inside corner wall structure.
  • the form panels 12 and corner member 16 must be stripped from the hardened concrete wall. Incident this stripping operation, the form panels 12 with walers 14 move perpendicularly inwardly in the directions of arrows A. Then the elongated threaded element 30 carrying corner member 16 is drawn back from the cast inside corner wall in the direction of arrow B.
  • a pair of travel rods 80 are provided, one being pivotally fixed to the end of each of the walers 14 where the walers 14 and panels 12 approach the inside corner wall structure.
  • a bracket 82 may be approriately bolted or otherwise fastened to the web of the waler 14 with each bracket 82 carrying a pivot pintle 84 that may be provided by a bolt and nut, the bolt being passed through openings provided in the end of the travel rod 80 so as to achieve pivotal mounting of the travel rod on the end of the waler 14.
  • each travel rod 80 remote from its pivotal mounting by pintle 84 on bracket 82 is provided with a roller 86 supported to project slightly, beyond the end of travel rod 8d by. being rotatably carried on a pin 88.
  • the travel rods 80 are pivoted into the positions as shown in Figure 2. It will be noted that purely for illustrative purposes the left travel rod 80 shown in Figure 2 is mounted on bracket 82 so that it extends horizontally for its roller 86 to rotatably engage the inner surface of one wall of corner angle member 16.
  • the bracket 82 carrying the other travel rod 80 disposes such rod to extend horizontally over and above the first mentioned travel rod with the roller 86 of this other travel rod rotatably engaging the inner wall of the other leg of corner angle member 16.
  • control unit body 31 When the anchor nut 48 is screwed outwardly on threaded element 30, control unit body 31, through the action of the four bar linkages formed by links 60 and 62, will draw the two form panels 12 and their walers 14 inwardly in the directions of arrows A to move perpendicularly away from the hardened concrete wall. Incident this movement of the form panels 12, the travel rods 80 will be carried along and rollers 86 will roll along the inner surfaces of the legs of corner angle member 16. Thus, the travel rods 80 assure that the angle member 16 is retained in its position within the corner of the hardened concrete wall structure so as not to move with this initial movement of the form panels 12 away from the. hardened wall structure.
  • a retaining means to keep links 60 in their right angle position, preventing them from moving from this state. Inherently this retaining means also acts to keep the links 62 in their relationship to each other as shown in Figure 3.
  • the retaining means consists of, in the embodiment illustrated, a short tab 90.
  • This tab is simply shown in the form of a short length angle. It is appropriately affixed by welding to one edge of right link 60 as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
  • the upper or left link of the pair of links 60 as shown in Figures 2 and 3 is provided with a pivotally mounted C-shaped retainer 92.
  • Retainer 92 has parallel legs 94 extending from the midportion thereof which are pivotally engaged by a pin carried by an ear 96 that is welded on the upper surface of the left hand link as shown on Figures 2 and 3. Retainer 92 may be swung from an upper or inactive position as shown in Figure 2 to an active retaining position as shown in Figure 3.
  • the anchor nut 48 may be threaded back onto element 30 to apply force in drawing element 30 and corner member 16 away from the hardened concrete corner to strip the corner member from the wall structure.
  • This force acting to pull corner member 16 and element 30 back when transmitted to body 34 of the control unit will not result in the links 60 or 62 returning toward the position shown in Figure 2 because the retainer 92 serves to prevent the links of the four bar linkages from moving away from their 90 degree disposition relative to each other.
  • the corner units 10 are simultaneously and equally actuated from all four corners of the cast concrete shaft so that all four form panels 12 and all four of the corner angle member 16 are conjointly drawn back in being stripped from the hardened wall surface of the now cast shaft.
  • the entire assembly may have the corners thereof attached to a harness H, as shown in Figure 7, and then the entire assembly of corner units 10 with form panels 12 lifted from the shaft or, if desired, raised to a new location where a further portion of a concrete shaft wall structure is to be cast.
  • a suitable hydraulic actuator device 100 may be used in place of the actuator device 40.
  • the hydraulic actuator device 100 is shown formed with a cylindrical housing 102 that is appropriately bolted at 104 to the control unit body 34 by means of a flange on the housing 102.
  • a chamber 106 to accommodate hydraulic actuating fluid is defined within housing 102 by an annular wall 108 secured at one end of the housing with a seal 110 mounted on the inner perimeter of the annular wall 108.
  • the opposite end of chamber 106 within housing 102 may be defined by an inwardly extending annular wall 112 having a seal ll4 mounted on the inner periphery thereof. Connections for introducing and/or exhausting hydraulic fluid are provided communicating with chamber 106 by lines 116 and 118.
  • a sleeve piston 120 is shown mounted within housing 102 of actuator device 100.
  • Piston 120 has a smooth cylindrical surface which sealingly cooperates with seals 110 and 114 to prevent escape of hydraulic fluid from chamber 106.
  • Piston 120 is provided with a radially extending cylindrical wall 122 having an appropriate seal 124 disposed around the outer edge thereof which sealingly engages with the inner wall of cylindrical housing 102.
  • the hydraulic actuator device 100 is to be mounted on control unit body 34 in place of actuator device 40 with the elongated threaded screw element 30 passing through the interior of the device 100.
  • the sleeve piston 120 of device 100 is internally threaded at 126 to threadingly mate with the threads on element 30.
  • Nuts 128 may be provided, threaded onto element 30 at the ends of sleeve piston 120, to lock the piston in its desired location on element 30 so as to move with the screw threaded element 30 in accordance with the flow of hydraulic fluid relative to chamber 106 through lines 116 and 118.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
EP81101342A 1980-02-29 1981-02-25 Verbindung von Schalungsplatten zum Herstellen einer Betonwandinnenecke Withdrawn EP0035226A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12589280A 1980-02-29 1980-02-29
US125892 1980-02-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0035226A1 true EP0035226A1 (de) 1981-09-09

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Family Applications (1)

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EP81101342A Withdrawn EP0035226A1 (de) 1980-02-29 1981-02-25 Verbindung von Schalungsplatten zum Herstellen einer Betonwandinnenecke

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0035226A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS56153061A (de)
AU (1) AU534969B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1147573A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2529243A1 (fr) * 1982-06-23 1983-12-30 Cercomat Procede pour le moulage en beton de structures concaves et coffrages pour sa mise en oeuvre
EP0238763A1 (de) * 1985-08-05 1987-09-30 Opako, S.A. Schalungsvorrichtung für vertikale Betonelemente
FR2729421A1 (fr) * 1995-01-18 1996-07-19 Lee Wen Yuan Installation de coffrage et procede de decoffrage de panneaux de coffrage verticaux de l'installation de coffrage d'une unite en beton
CN109577640A (zh) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-05 中国二十冶集团有限公司 剪力墙结构体系模块化组合钢木模施工方法
CN112727068A (zh) * 2021-01-23 2021-04-30 陕西创宜建筑科技有限公司 一种转角铝模板
CN117386134A (zh) * 2023-12-07 2024-01-12 中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司 一种角部钢模板的调节装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109235500B (zh) * 2018-11-12 2023-11-21 武汉钟鑫建设集团有限公司 一种检查井加固砼浇筑组合钢模
CN114704079B (zh) * 2022-03-22 2022-09-30 浙江均泰建设有限公司 一种铝模板结构

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH450686A (de) * 1966-04-18 1968-01-31 Stamm Ulrich Innenverschalung für Betonbau

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH450686A (de) * 1966-04-18 1968-01-31 Stamm Ulrich Innenverschalung für Betonbau

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2529243A1 (fr) * 1982-06-23 1983-12-30 Cercomat Procede pour le moulage en beton de structures concaves et coffrages pour sa mise en oeuvre
EP0238763A1 (de) * 1985-08-05 1987-09-30 Opako, S.A. Schalungsvorrichtung für vertikale Betonelemente
FR2729421A1 (fr) * 1995-01-18 1996-07-19 Lee Wen Yuan Installation de coffrage et procede de decoffrage de panneaux de coffrage verticaux de l'installation de coffrage d'une unite en beton
CN109577640A (zh) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-05 中国二十冶集团有限公司 剪力墙结构体系模块化组合钢木模施工方法
CN112727068A (zh) * 2021-01-23 2021-04-30 陕西创宜建筑科技有限公司 一种转角铝模板
CN117386134A (zh) * 2023-12-07 2024-01-12 中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司 一种角部钢模板的调节装置
CN117386134B (zh) * 2023-12-07 2024-04-09 中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司 一种角部钢模板的调节装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU534969B2 (en) 1984-02-23
AU6791881A (en) 1981-09-03
CA1147573A (en) 1983-06-07
JPS56153061A (en) 1981-11-26

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