EP0027626A2 - Device, panel and method for heating, cooling, air conditioning or humidity control of an industrial or commercial locality - Google Patents

Device, panel and method for heating, cooling, air conditioning or humidity control of an industrial or commercial locality Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0027626A2
EP0027626A2 EP80106234A EP80106234A EP0027626A2 EP 0027626 A2 EP0027626 A2 EP 0027626A2 EP 80106234 A EP80106234 A EP 80106234A EP 80106234 A EP80106234 A EP 80106234A EP 0027626 A2 EP0027626 A2 EP 0027626A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
heat exchanger
storage enclosure
thermal storage
heat transfer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP80106234A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0027626A3 (en
Inventor
Robert Moracchioli
Jacques De Lallee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LALLEE J DE
Original Assignee
LALLEE J DE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LALLEE J DE filed Critical LALLEE J DE
Publication of EP0027626A2 publication Critical patent/EP0027626A2/en
Publication of EP0027626A3 publication Critical patent/EP0027626A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0042—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater characterised by the application of thermo-electric units or the Peltier effect
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0275—Arrangements for coupling heat-pipes together or with other structures, e.g. with base blocks; Heat pipe cores

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device, a panel which can be manufactured industrially and a method intended for heating, refrigeration, air conditioning or humidity control of the interior environment of an industrial or domestic habitat, and of more generally to any fixed or mobile building, capable of maintaining, preferably, said interior environment at a predetermined temperature.
  • the object of the present invention is, in particular to remedy these drawbacks. Indeed, it avoids the use of any mechanical device for heat transfers.
  • the device according to the present invention intended for heating, refrigeration, air conditioning or humidity control of a volume such as an industrial or domestic habitat can be associated, in particular, with an exterior wall or with any other element of construction of said habitat.
  • This device comprises an internal heat exchanger in contact with the internal medium of said volume, an external heat exchanger in thermal connection with the external medium of said volume and a thermal storage enclosure.
  • the thermal storage enclosure and the internal heat exchanger are thermally connected by at least one thermoelectric module generating between its opposite faces a temperature difference when it is crossed by an electric current and, the enclosure storage tank and the external heat exchanger are also thermally connected by at least one thermoelectric module.
  • thermoelectric modules the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger are connected directly by said thermoelectric modules, successively.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger are thermally connected by at least one thermoelectric module, different from the previous ones.
  • said heat exchangers comprise at least one heat transfer duct sealed at its ends and filled with a two-state heat transfer or heat transfer fluid, a heat exchange surface and a plate serving as a support. to the associated thermoelectric module and thermally connected to one face of this module. It will be noted that said heat transfer duct is thermally connected to said plate and to said heat exchange surface so that the exchange between the module and the heat exchange surface can take place naturally in both directions.
  • the thermal storage enclosure is preferably thermally connected to the associated thermoelectric modules by at least one heat transfer duct, a plate serving as a support for said thermoelectric modules establishing the thermal connection between said duct and the other face of said modules, the heat transfer between the thermal storage enclosure and this plate being able to take place in both directions.
  • the device which has just been described therefore makes it possible to carry out heat exchanges between the interior volume of the habitat and the exterior, directly, and between said volume and the thermal storage enclosure and between the exterior environment and the 'thermal storage enclosure via thermoelectric modules which also make it possible to control these heat transfers.
  • said external heat exchanger is preferably in the form of a solar collector whose structure and characteristics can be those of the collectors usually used.
  • the device according to the present invention can take the form of a panel, this panel being able to be easily prefabricated.
  • the panel according to the present invention intended in particular for construction and preferably forming, at least in part, an exterior wall of an industrial or domestic building, fixed or mobile, and serving as a heating, cooling or air conditioning, includes an interior heat exchanger, an exterior heat exchanger and a thermal storage enclosure disposed between said exchangers.
  • Said indoor heat exchanger includes a interior heat exchange surface in contact with the interior environment of said habitat, a plate as well as a multiplicity of heat transfer conduits thermally connected to said interior heat exchange surface and to said plate.
  • Said external heat exchanger of said panel comprises an external heat exchange surface in contact with the external environment of said habitat, a plate as well as a plurality of heat transfer conduits thermally connected to said external exchange surface and to said plate .
  • Said thermal storage enclosure disposed between said heat exchangers is thermally connected to an intermediate plate by a multiplicity of heat transfer conduits.
  • thermoelectric modules thermally connects the plate of the indoor exchanger and the intermediate plate and is carried by the latter and, another multiplicity of thermoelectric modules thermally connects the plate of the external exchanger and the intermediate plate and is carried by the latter.
  • Said heat transfer conduits used in the panel according to the present invention are arranged so as to transfer the heat from the plates to the heat exchange surfaces and vice versa and from the intermediate plate to the thermal storage enclosure and vice versa.
  • Said heat exchangers and said thermal storage enclosure of the panel according to the present invention are preferably separated by an insulating material.
  • the exterior heat exchanger of the panel according to the present invention can be in the form of a solar collector, when it is necessary to provide heat to the interior volume of the habitat.
  • the device and the panel which have just been described implement the method according to the present invention.
  • the method for maintaining a volume at a predetermined temperature consists in carrying out a heat transfer between the volume and a thermal storage enclosure or vice versa by means of a thermoelectric module, and a heat transfer between the 'thermal storage enclosure and the outside or vice versa via thermoelectric modules also.
  • thermoelectric modules According to the method according to the present invention, it is possible to carry out, preferably, a heat transfer between the volume and the external medium and vice versa by means of said thermoelectric modules.
  • a heat transfer fluid is preferably used to carry out the heat transfers between said volume, said enclosure, the external medium, and said thermoelectric modules.
  • thermoelectric modules depend on the temperature differences between hot source and cold source. The smaller these differences, the higher the coefficients of performance. It will therefore preferably be advantageous to use the thermal storage enclosure when the temperature differences between the external environment and the internal environment are high.
  • the panel shown in the figures intended in particular for construction and which can form at least in part an exterior wall of an industrial or commercial building and capable of serving as a heating, refrigeration or air conditioning element of the interior of said habitat is presents substantially in the form of a parallelepiped.
  • the panel comprises an interior heat exchanger generally identified by the reference 1, an exterior heat exchanger generally identified by the reference 2 and a thermal storage enclosure 3 disposed between the interior heat exchanger 1 and the external exchanger 2 inside the panel.
  • the interior heat exchanger 1 comprises an interior heat exchange surface 4 forming, in the example shown, part of the interior face of the panel so as to be in contact with the interior volume of said habitat, a plate 5 disposed at near one end of the panel and substantially vertically as well as a multiplicity of heat transfer conduits 6 disposed substantially in a vertical plane capable of effecting a thermal connection between the internal exchange surface and the plate 5 in both directions .
  • the conduits 6 are sealed at their ends and inside contain a two-state heat transfer fluid.
  • the heat transfer conduits 6 are arranged substantially horizontally, one end of these conduits penetrating inside the plate 5 while most of their length is in contact with the internal exchange surface. 4 so as to create a good heat exchange between this internal exchange surface 4 and the heat transfer fluid.
  • the exterior heat exchanger comprises an exterior heat exchange surface 7 intended to be in contact with the exterior environment of said building and forming in part the exterior face of the panel, a plate 8 disposed substantially vertically in the vicinity of the same end of the panel. that the plate 5 of the indoor heat exchanger 1 as well as a multiplicity of heat transfer conduits 9 disposed substantially in a vertical plane and capable of thermally connecting the external heat exchange surface 7 and the plate 8 in the both directions.
  • the heat transfer conduits 9 are arranged horizontally.
  • the conduits 6 and 9 are connected respectively to the heat exchange surfaces 4 and 7, inside, by known means such as yokes or welds or any other suitable means.
  • the thermal storage enclosure 3 is in the form of a tank at least partially filled with water 10.
  • the conduits 11 allow a transfer of heat, in both directions, between the water 10. From the thermal storage enclosure 3 and the intermediate plate 12.
  • the intermediate plate 12 is thermally connected on the one hand to the plate 5 of the indoor heat exchanger 1 by a multiplicity of thermoelectric modules 13 and on the other hand to the plate 8 of the outdoor heat exchanger 2 by a multiplicity thermoelectric modules 14, thermoelectric modules capable of generating a temperature difference between their faces when they are crossed by a current.
  • the thermal storage enclosure 3 is separated from the interior and exterior heat exchangers 1 and 2 by an insulating material 15.
  • the panel comprises a support structure shown very schematically at 16, the elements forming the exchangers being mounted on this structure 16 by known means and adequately.
  • the structure 16 may also include means, not shown, allowing the panel to be associated with the other elements forming the exterior wall of the habitat.
  • the panel can be used either as a heating element or as a cooling element.
  • a heating panel it is very advantageous for the external heat exchanger 2 to be in the form of a solar collector, the heat exchange surface 7 having in this case the characteristics of shape and structure of a conventional solar collector.
  • the solar radiation captured by the external heat exchanger 2 can be transferred by means of the heat transfer conduits 9 to the plate 8 and, via the thermoelectric modules 14 to the intermediate plate 12. From there, the heat can be transferred to the interior environment of said habitat via thermoelectric modules 13, conduits 6 and the exchange surface 4, and to water 10 of the thermal storage enclosure 3 via transfer conduits heat 11, the heat can be transmitted only to the thermal storage enclosure 3 if the desired thermal level of the interior environment of the habitat is reached. During the periods without sunlight, the interior environment of the habitat is heated thanks to the thermal energy accumulated in the thermal storage enclosure 3, the thermoelectric modules 13 allowing the heat to pass if the thermal level in the thermal storage enclosure is sufficient or acting as a heat pump if the thermal level in the thermal storage enclosure is insufficient.
  • thermoelectric modules 13 and 14 The regulation of heat transfers can be obtained by means of a regulating device, preferably electronic, not shown, capable of acting on the currents passing through the thermoelectric modules 13 and 14.
  • a regulating device preferably electronic, not shown, capable of acting on the currents passing through the thermoelectric modules 13 and 14.
  • the current passing through the thermoelectric modules 13 will be such that it will create a temperature difference between the opposite faces of the thermoelectric modules 13 equal to the temperature difference between the plate 5 and the intermediate plate 12 so well that there will be no heat transfer between these plates.
  • the thermoelectric modules 14 will be traversed by a current such that the temperature difference between their opposite faces is permanently equal to the temperature difference between the plate 8 and the plate 12 so that n there will be no heat transfer between these plates.
  • the modules 14 create a thermal barrier when the temperature difference between the enclosure and the external environment becomes too large, to the disadvantage of the external environment, in order to limit consumption. of electrical energy due to the operation of the thermoelectric modules 14 as a heat pump.
  • the panel is used as a refrigeration element for the interior environment of the habitat.
  • thermoelectric modules are therefore traversed by a current so as to transfer heat from the interior environment of the habitat to the exterior environment.
  • thermoelectric modules operate at night, so that they cool the volume to be conditioned and the thermal storage at the same time, under small temperature differences. .
  • the heat taken from the indoor environment instead of giving it directly to the outdoor environment, is preferably accumulated in the thermal storage enclosure 3, heat which will be transferred to the outside environment losing the following night.
  • thermoelectric modules 13 and 14 In the same way as in the case of the heating panel, provision may be made for a regulating apparatus, preferably electronic, which will be capable of modulating the electric currents passing through the thermoelectric modules 13 and 14 so as to maintain the desired level of cold while minimizing the consumption of electrical energy thanks to storage, the modules can also act as a thermal barrier between the plates thanks to a suitable electric current.
  • the present invention is not limited to the example described above and to the operating modes mentioned. Indeed, the solution proposed to solve the problems of heating, cooling or air conditioning has the advantage of being very easily adjustable in power, shape and size, so as to adapt to the climatic conditions of the site. where the installation is located, these climatic conditions can be extremely variable. In many cases, the proposed solution will remove any other heating or cooling element.
  • the production of the storage enclosure cannot be limited to one or more tanks containing water.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Blowing Cold Air, Devices For Blowing Warm Air, And Means For Preventing Water Condensation In Air Conditioning Units (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Patch Boards (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

Device and panel intended for the heating, cooling, air conditioning or humidity control of the inside milieu of industrial or domestic premises, and adapted to be in particular associated with an outside wall of said premises, comprising an interior heat exchanger composed of a heat exchange surface (4), heat transfer ducts (6), and a plate (5); an outside heat exchanger composed of a heat exchange surface (7), heat transfer ducts (9), and a plate (8); a heat storage vessel (3) connected to a plate (12) by means of heat transfer ducts (11); said plates being connected by thermoelectric modules. Method of maintaining a space at a predetermined temperature, wherein the transfers of heat between said space, the outside environment and a heat storage vessel are made by means of a thermoelectric module. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif, un panneau pouvant être fabriqué de manière industrielle et un procédé destinés au chauffage, à la réfrigération, à la climatisation ou au contrôle de l'humidité du milieu intérieur d'un habitat industriel ou domestique, et d'une manière plus générale à tout bâtiment fixe ou mobile, capables de maintenir, de préférence, ledit milieu intérieur à une température prédéterminée.The present invention relates to a device, a panel which can be manufactured industrially and a method intended for heating, refrigeration, air conditioning or humidity control of the interior environment of an industrial or domestic habitat, and of more generally to any fixed or mobile building, capable of maintaining, preferably, said interior environment at a predetermined temperature.

Des solutions extrêmement variées d'apport de chaleur ou de froid de manière à créer un microclimat dans lequel l'homme, du matériel sensible ou tout autre produit ne soit pas soumis aux variations climatiques extrêmes du milieu environnant sont déjà bien connues et adaptées aux climats particuliers. Cependant, un grand nombre de solutions connues nécessitent des dispositifs mécaniques pour le transfert de chaleur. Ces dispositifs mécaniques présentent une mise en oeuvre coûteuse et une consommation d'énergie importante. En outre, ils occupent des volumes importants et ne sont guère esthétiques.Extremely varied solutions for supplying heat or cold so as to create a microclimate in which man, sensitive material or any other product is not subjected to the extreme climatic variations of the surrounding environment are already well known and adapted to climates individuals. However, a large number of known solutions require mechanical devices for heat transfer. These mechanical devices have a costly implementation and a significant energy consumption. In addition, they occupy large volumes and are hardly aesthetic.

L'objet de la présente invention est, en particulier de remédier à ces inconvénients. En effet, il permet d'éviter l'utilisation de tout dispositif mécanique pour les transferts de chaleur.The object of the present invention is, in particular to remedy these drawbacks. Indeed, it avoids the use of any mechanical device for heat transfers.

Le dispositif selon la présente invention, destiné au chauffage, à la réfrigération, à la climatisation ou au contrôle de l'humidité d'un volume tel qu'un habitat industriel ou domestique peut être associé, en particulier, à un mur extérieur ou à tout autre élément de construction dudit habitat.The device according to the present invention, intended for heating, refrigeration, air conditioning or humidity control of a volume such as an industrial or domestic habitat can be associated, in particular, with an exterior wall or with any other element of construction of said habitat.

Ce dispositif comprend un échangeur de chaleur intérieur en contact avec le milieu intérieur dudit volume, un échangeur de chaleur extérieur en liaison thermique avec le milieu extérieur dudit volume et une enceinte de stockage thermique.This device comprises an internal heat exchanger in contact with the internal medium of said volume, an external heat exchanger in thermal connection with the external medium of said volume and a thermal storage enclosure.

Selon la présente invention, l'enceinte de stockage thermique et l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur sont reliés thermiquement par au moins un module thermoélectrique générant entre ses faces opposées un écart de température lorsqu'il est traversé par un courant électrique et, l'enceinte de stockage thermique et l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur sont également reliés thermiquement par au moins un module thermoélectrique.According to the present invention, the thermal storage enclosure and the internal heat exchanger are thermally connected by at least one thermoelectric module generating between its opposite faces a temperature difference when it is crossed by an electric current and, the enclosure storage tank and the external heat exchanger are also thermally connected by at least one thermoelectric module.

Selon une variante, l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur et l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur sont reliés directement par lesdits modules thermoélectriques, successivement.Alternatively, the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger are connected directly by said thermoelectric modules, successively.

Selon une autré variante, l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur et l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur sont reliés thermiquement par au moins un module thermoélectrique, différent des précédents.According to another variant, the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger are thermally connected by at least one thermoelectric module, different from the previous ones.

Selon la présente invention, lesdits échangeurs de chaleur comprennent au moins un conduit de transfert de chaleur scellé à ses extrémités et rempli d'un fluide de transfert de chaleur ou caloporteur à deux états, une surface d'échange thermique et une platine servant de support au module thermoélectrique associé et reliée thermiquement à une face de ce module. On notera que ledit conduit de transfert de chaleur est relié thermiquement à ladite platine et à ladite surface d'échange thermique de telle sorte que l'échange entre le module et la surface d'échange thermique puisse s'effectuer naturellement dans les deux sens.According to the present invention, said heat exchangers comprise at least one heat transfer duct sealed at its ends and filled with a two-state heat transfer or heat transfer fluid, a heat exchange surface and a plate serving as a support. to the associated thermoelectric module and thermally connected to one face of this module. It will be noted that said heat transfer duct is thermally connected to said plate and to said heat exchange surface so that the exchange between the module and the heat exchange surface can take place naturally in both directions.

Selon la présente invention, l'enceinte de stockage thermique est, de préférence, reliée thermiquement aux modules thermoélectriques associés par au moins un conduit de transfert de chaleur, une platine servant de support auxdits modules thermoélectriques établissant la liaison thermique entre ledit conduit et l'autre face desdits modules, le transfert de chaleur entre l'enceinte de stochage thermique et cette platine pouvant s'effectuer dans les deux sens.According to the present invention, the thermal storage enclosure is preferably thermally connected to the associated thermoelectric modules by at least one heat transfer duct, a plate serving as a support for said thermoelectric modules establishing the thermal connection between said duct and the other face of said modules, the heat transfer between the thermal storage enclosure and this plate being able to take place in both directions.

Le dispositif qui vient d'être décrit permet donc d'effectuer des échanges de chaleur entre le volume intérieur de l'habitat et l'extérieur, directement, et entre ledit volume et l'enceinte de stockage thermique et entre le milieu extérieur et l'enceinte de stockage thermique par l'intermédiaire de modules thermoélectriques qui permettant en outre de contrôler ces transferts de chaleur.The device which has just been described therefore makes it possible to carry out heat exchanges between the interior volume of the habitat and the exterior, directly, and between said volume and the thermal storage enclosure and between the exterior environment and the 'thermal storage enclosure via thermoelectric modules which also make it possible to control these heat transfers.

Dans le cas où l'on désire chauffer ledit volume ou le climatiser, ledit échangeur de chaleur extérieur se présente, de préférence, sous la forme d'un capteur solaire dont la structure et les caractéristiques peuvent être celles des capteurs habituellement utilisés.In the case where it is desired to heat said volume or to cool it, said external heat exchanger is preferably in the form of a solar collector whose structure and characteristics can be those of the collectors usually used.

Dans une variante intéressante, le dispositif selon la présente invention peut prendre la forme d'un panneau, ce panneau pouvant être facilement préfabriqué.In an interesting variant, the device according to the present invention can take the form of a panel, this panel being able to be easily prefabricated.

Le panneau selon la présente invention, destiné en particulier à la construction et formant, de préférence, au moins en partie un mur extérieur d'un bâtiment industriel ou domestique, fixe ou mobile, et servant d'élément de chauffage, de réfrigération ou de climatisation, comprend un échangeur de chaleur intérieur, un échangeur de chaleur exté- rièur et une enceinte de stockage thermique disposée entre lesdits échangeurs.The panel according to the present invention, intended in particular for construction and preferably forming, at least in part, an exterior wall of an industrial or domestic building, fixed or mobile, and serving as a heating, cooling or air conditioning, includes an interior heat exchanger, an exterior heat exchanger and a thermal storage enclosure disposed between said exchangers.

Ledit échangeur de chaleur intérieur comprend une surface d'échange thermique intérieure en contact avec le milieu intérieur dudit habitat, une platine ainsi qu'une multiplicité de conduits de transfert de chaleur reliés thermiquement à ladite surface d'échange thermique intérieure et à ladite platine.Said indoor heat exchanger includes a interior heat exchange surface in contact with the interior environment of said habitat, a plate as well as a multiplicity of heat transfer conduits thermally connected to said interior heat exchange surface and to said plate.

Ledit échangeur de chaleur extérieur dudit panneau comprend une surface d'échange thermique extérieure en contact avec le milieu extérieur dudit habitat, une platine ainsi qu'une multiplicité de conduits de transfert de chaleur reliés thermiquement à ladite surface d'échange extérieure et à ladite platine.Said external heat exchanger of said panel comprises an external heat exchange surface in contact with the external environment of said habitat, a plate as well as a plurality of heat transfer conduits thermally connected to said external exchange surface and to said plate .

Ladite enceinte de stockage thermique disposée entre lesdits échangeurs de chaleur est reliée thermiquement à une platine intermédiaire par une multiplicité de conduits de transfert de chaleur.Said thermal storage enclosure disposed between said heat exchangers is thermally connected to an intermediate plate by a multiplicity of heat transfer conduits.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, une multiplicité de modules thermoélectriques relie thermiquement la platine de l'échangeur intérieur et la platine intermédiaire et est portée par ces dernières et, une autre multiplicité de modules thermoélectriques relie ther- miquernent la platine de l'échangeur extérieur et la platine intermédiaire et est portée par ces dernières.According to a preferred embodiment, a multiplicity of thermoelectric modules thermally connects the plate of the indoor exchanger and the intermediate plate and is carried by the latter and, another multiplicity of thermoelectric modules thermally connects the plate of the external exchanger and the intermediate plate and is carried by the latter.

Lesdits conduits de transfert de chaleur utilisés dans le panneau selon la présente invention sont disposés de manière à transférer la chaleur des platines aux surfaces d'échange thermique et inversement et de la platine intermédiaire à l'enceinte de stockage thermique et inversement.Said heat transfer conduits used in the panel according to the present invention are arranged so as to transfer the heat from the plates to the heat exchange surfaces and vice versa and from the intermediate plate to the thermal storage enclosure and vice versa.

Lesdits échangeurs de chaleur et ladite enceinte de stockage thermique du panneau selon la présente invention sont, de préférence, séparés par un matériau isolant.Said heat exchangers and said thermal storage enclosure of the panel according to the present invention are preferably separated by an insulating material.

Selon une variante, l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur du panneau selon la présente invention peut se présenter sous la forme d'un capteur solaire, lorsqu'il est nécessaire d'apporter de la chaleur au volume intérieur de l'habitat.According to a variant, the exterior heat exchanger of the panel according to the present invention can be in the form of a solar collector, when it is necessary to provide heat to the interior volume of the habitat.

Le dispositif et le panneau qui viennent d'être décrits mettent en oeuvre le procédé conforme à la présente invention.The device and the panel which have just been described implement the method according to the present invention.

Selon la présente invention, le procédé pour maintenir un volume à une température prédéterminée consiste à effectuer un transfert de chaleur entre le volume et une enceinte de stockage thermique ou réciproquement par l'intermédiaire d'un module thermoélectrique, et un transfert de chaleur entre l'enceinte de stockage thermique et l'extérieur ou réciproquement par l'intermédiaire de modules thermoélectriques également.According to the present invention, the method for maintaining a volume at a predetermined temperature consists in carrying out a heat transfer between the volume and a thermal storage enclosure or vice versa by means of a thermoelectric module, and a heat transfer between the 'thermal storage enclosure and the outside or vice versa via thermoelectric modules also.

Conformément au procédé selon la présente invention, on peut effectuer, de préférence, un transfert de chaleur entre le volume et le milieu extérieur et réciproquement par l'intermédiaire desdits modules thermoélectriques.According to the method according to the present invention, it is possible to carry out, preferably, a heat transfer between the volume and the external medium and vice versa by means of said thermoelectric modules.

Selon le procédé de l'invention, ôn peut interrompre le transfert de chaleur entre ladite enceinte de stockage de chaleur et le milieu extérieur lorsque l'écart de température entre le milieu extérieur et l'enceinte atteint une valeur prédéterminée.According to the method of the invention, it is possible to interrupt the transfer of heat between said heat storage enclosure and the outside environment when the temperature difference between the outside environment and the enclosure reaches a predetermined value.

Conformément au procédé selon la présente invention, on utilise, de préférence, un fluide caloporteur pour effectuer les transferts de chaleur entre ledit volume, ladite enceinte, le milieu extérieur, et lesdits modules thermoélectriques.In accordance with the method according to the present invention, a heat transfer fluid is preferably used to carry out the heat transfers between said volume, said enclosure, the external medium, and said thermoelectric modules.

D'une manière générale, on notera que les coefficients de performance des modules thermoélectriques dépendent des écarts de température entre source chaude et source froide. Plus ces écarts sont faibles et plus les coefficients de performance sont élevés. On aura donc de préférence interêt à utiliser l'enceinte de stockage thermique lorsque les écarts de température entre le milieu extérieur et le milieu intérieur seront élevés.In general, it will be noted that the performance coefficients of the thermoelectric modules depend on the temperature differences between hot source and cold source. The smaller these differences, the higher the coefficients of performance. It will therefore preferably be advantageous to use the thermal storage enclosure when the temperature differences between the external environment and the internal environment are high.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise à l'étude d'un panneau destiné à former un élément de chauffage, de réfrigération ou de contrôle de l'humidité conforme à la présente invention et décrit à titre d'exemple non limitatif et illustré par le dessin sur lequel :

  • La figure 1 représente, en coupe par un plan horizontal, un panneau susceptible d'être préfabriqué et formant élément de climatisation;
  • et la figure 2 représente une vue extérieure en élévation du dispositif de transfert de chaleur du panneau représenté sur la figure 1.
The present invention will be better understood from the study of a panel intended to form a heating, refrigeration or humidity control element in accordance with the present invention and described by way of nonlimiting example and illustrated by the drawing. on which :
  • Figure 1 shows, in section through a horizontal plane, a panel capable of being prefabricated and forming an air conditioning element;
  • and FIG. 2 represents an external view in elevation of the heat transfer device of the panel shown in FIG. 1.

Le panneau représenté sur les figures destiné en particulier à la contruction et pouvant former au moins en partie un mur extérieur d'un bâtiment industriel ou commercial et capable de servir d'élément de chauffage, de réfrigération ou de climatisation du milieu intérieur dudit habitat se présente sensiblement sous la forme d'un parallélépipède.The panel shown in the figures intended in particular for construction and which can form at least in part an exterior wall of an industrial or commercial building and capable of serving as a heating, refrigeration or air conditioning element of the interior of said habitat is presents substantially in the form of a parallelepiped.

Le panneau comprend un échangeur de chaleur intérieur repéré d'une manière générale par la référence 1, un échangeur de chaleur extérieur repéré d'une manière générale par la référence 2 et une enceinte de stockage thermique 3 disposée entre l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur 1 et l'échangeur extérieur 2 à l'intérieur du panneau.The panel comprises an interior heat exchanger generally identified by the reference 1, an exterior heat exchanger generally identified by the reference 2 and a thermal storage enclosure 3 disposed between the interior heat exchanger 1 and the external exchanger 2 inside the panel.

L'échangeur de rhaleur intérieur 1 comprend une surface d'échange thermique intérieure 4 formant, dans l'exemple représenté, une partie de la face intérieure du panneau de manière à être en contact avec le volume intérieur dudit habitat, une platine 5 disposée au voisinage d'une extrémité du panneau et sensiblement verticalement ainsi qu'une multiplicité de conduits de transfert de chaleur 6 disposée sensiblement dans un plan vertical capable d'effectuer une liaison thermique entre la surface d'échange intérieure et la platine 5 dans les deux sens. Les conduits 6 sont scellés à leurs extrémités et comprennent à l'intérieur un fluide caloporteur à deux états. Dans l'exemple représenté, les conduits de transfert de chaleur 6 sont disposés sensiblement horizontalement, une extrémité de ces conduits pénétrant à l'intérieur de la platine 5 tandis que la majeure partie de leur longueur est en contact avec la surface d'échange intérieure 4 de manière à créer un bon échange thermique entre cette surface d'échange intérieure 4 et le fluide caloporteur.The interior heat exchanger 1 comprises an interior heat exchange surface 4 forming, in the example shown, part of the interior face of the panel so as to be in contact with the interior volume of said habitat, a plate 5 disposed at near one end of the panel and substantially vertically as well as a multiplicity of heat transfer conduits 6 disposed substantially in a vertical plane capable of effecting a thermal connection between the internal exchange surface and the plate 5 in both directions . The conduits 6 are sealed at their ends and inside contain a two-state heat transfer fluid. In the example shown, the heat transfer conduits 6 are arranged substantially horizontally, one end of these conduits penetrating inside the plate 5 while most of their length is in contact with the internal exchange surface. 4 so as to create a good heat exchange between this internal exchange surface 4 and the heat transfer fluid.

L'échangeur de chaleur extérieur comprend une surface d'échange thermique extérieure 7 destinée à être en contact avec le milieu extérieur dudit bâtiment et formant en partie la face extérieure du panneau, une platine 8 disposée sensiblement verticalement au voisinage de la même extrémité du panneau que la platine 5 de l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur 1 ainsi qu'une multiplicité de conduits de transfert de chaleur 9 disposée sensiblement dans un plan vertical et capable de relier thermiquement la surface d'échange de chaleur extérieure 7 et la platine 8 dans les deux sens. Dans l'exemple représenté, les conduits de transfert de chaleur 9 sont disposés horizontalement. Ils sont scellés à leurs deux extrémités et comprennent à l'intérieur un fluide caloporteur à deux états, une extrémité desdits conduits pénétrant dans la platine 8 tandis qu'une bonne partie de leur longueur est en contact avec la surface d'échange thermique extérieure 7 de manière à créer un bon échange thermique entre cette surface 7 et le fluide caloporteur.The exterior heat exchanger comprises an exterior heat exchange surface 7 intended to be in contact with the exterior environment of said building and forming in part the exterior face of the panel, a plate 8 disposed substantially vertically in the vicinity of the same end of the panel. that the plate 5 of the indoor heat exchanger 1 as well as a multiplicity of heat transfer conduits 9 disposed substantially in a vertical plane and capable of thermally connecting the external heat exchange surface 7 and the plate 8 in the both directions. In the example shown, the heat transfer conduits 9 are arranged horizontally. They are sealed at their two ends and inside contain a two-state heat transfer fluid, one end of said conduits penetrating into the plate 8 while a good part of their length is in contact with the external heat exchange surface 7 so as to create a good heat exchange between this surface 7 and the heat transfer fluid.

Les conduits 6 et 9 sont reliés respectivement aux surfaces d'échange thermique 4 et 7, à l'intérieur, par des moyens connus tels que chapes ou soudures ou tous autres moyens adaptés.The conduits 6 and 9 are connected respectively to the heat exchange surfaces 4 and 7, inside, by known means such as yokes or welds or any other suitable means.

Dans l'exemple représenté, l'enceinte de stockage thermique 3 se présente sous la forme d'un réservoir rempli au moins partiellement d'eau 10. Unu multiplicité de conduits do transfert de chaleur 11 scellés à leurs extrémités, comprenant à l'intérieur un fluide caloporteur à deux états et disposés sensiblement horizontalement pénètre largement à l'intérieur de l'enceinte de stockage thermique 3, leurs extrémités extérieures pénétrant dans une platine intermédiaire 12 disposée entre les platines 5 et 8, sensiblement verticalement. Les conduits 11 permettent un transfert de chalcur, dans les deux sens,-entre l'eau 10 .de l'enceinte de stockage thermique 3 et la platine intermédiaire 12.In the example shown, the thermal storage enclosure 3 is in the form of a tank at least partially filled with water 10. A multiplicity of heat transfer conduits 11 sealed at their ends, comprising inside a heat transfer fluid in two states and arranged substantially horizontally penetrates widely inside the thermal storage enclosure 3, their outer ends penetrating into an intermediate plate 12 disposed between the plates 5 and 8, substantially vertically. The conduits 11 allow a transfer of heat, in both directions, between the water 10. From the thermal storage enclosure 3 and the intermediate plate 12.

La platine intermédiaire 12 est reliée thermiquement d'une part à la platine 5 de l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur 1 par une multiplicité de modules thermoélectriques 13 et d'autre part à la platine 8 de l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur 2 par une multiplicité de modules thermoélectriques 14, modules thermoélectriques capables de générer un écart de température entre leurs faces lorsqu'ils sont traversés par un courant.The intermediate plate 12 is thermally connected on the one hand to the plate 5 of the indoor heat exchanger 1 by a multiplicity of thermoelectric modules 13 and on the other hand to the plate 8 of the outdoor heat exchanger 2 by a multiplicity thermoelectric modules 14, thermoelectric modules capable of generating a temperature difference between their faces when they are crossed by a current.

Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 1, l'enceinte de stockage thermique 3 est séparée des échangeurs de chaleur intérieur et extérieur 1 et 2 par un matériau isolant 15.As can be seen in FIG. 1, the thermal storage enclosure 3 is separated from the interior and exterior heat exchangers 1 and 2 by an insulating material 15.

En outre, le panneau comprend une structure de support représentée très schématiquement en 16, les éléments formant les échangeurs étant montés sur cette structure 16 par des moyens connus et de façon adéquate. La structure 16 peut comporter également des moyens, non représentés, permettant d'associer le panneau aux autres éléments formant le mur extérieur de l'habitat.In addition, the panel comprises a support structure shown very schematically at 16, the elements forming the exchangers being mounted on this structure 16 by known means and adequately. The structure 16 may also include means, not shown, allowing the panel to be associated with the other elements forming the exterior wall of the habitat.

On va maintenant décrire les modes essentiels de fonctionnement du panneau représenté.We will now describe the essential operating modes of the panel shown.

Le panneau peut être utilisé soit comme élément chauffant soit comme élément réfrigérant. Dans le cas d'un panneau chauffant, il est très avantageux que l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur 2 se présente sous la forme d'un capteur solaire, la surface d'échange thermique 7 présentant dans ce cas les caractéristiques de forme et de structure d'un capteur solaire classique.The panel can be used either as a heating element or as a cooling element. In the case of a heating panel, it is very advantageous for the external heat exchanger 2 to be in the form of a solar collector, the heat exchange surface 7 having in this case the characteristics of shape and structure of a conventional solar collector.

Plaçons-nous d'abord dans le cas d'un panneau chauffant.Let us first place ourselves in the case of a heating panel.

Le rayonnement solaire capté par l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur 2 peut être transféré au moyen des conduits de transfert de chaleur 9 à la platine 8 et, par l'intermédiaire des modules thermoélectriques 14 à la platine intermédiaire 12. De là, la chaleur peut être transférée au milieu intérieur dudit habitat par l'intermédiaire des modules thermoélectriques 13, des conduits 6 et de la surface d'échange 4, et à l'eau 10 de l'enceinte de stockage thermique 3 par l'intermédiaire des conduits de transfert de chaleur 11, la chaleur pouvant être transmise uniquement à l'enceinte de stockage thermique 3 si le niveau thermique désiré du milieu intérieur de l'habitat est atteint. Pendant les périodes sans soleil, le milieu intérieur de l'habitat est chauffé grâce à l'énergie thermique accumulée dans l'enceinte de stockage thermique 3, les modules thermoélectriques 13 laissant passer la chaleur si le niveau thermique dans l'enceinte de stockage thermique est suffisant ou jouant le rôle de pompe à chaleur si le niveau thermique dans l'enceinte de stockage thermique est insuffisant.The solar radiation captured by the external heat exchanger 2 can be transferred by means of the heat transfer conduits 9 to the plate 8 and, via the thermoelectric modules 14 to the intermediate plate 12. From there, the heat can be transferred to the interior environment of said habitat via thermoelectric modules 13, conduits 6 and the exchange surface 4, and to water 10 of the thermal storage enclosure 3 via transfer conduits heat 11, the heat can be transmitted only to the thermal storage enclosure 3 if the desired thermal level of the interior environment of the habitat is reached. During the periods without sunlight, the interior environment of the habitat is heated thanks to the thermal energy accumulated in the thermal storage enclosure 3, the thermoelectric modules 13 allowing the heat to pass if the thermal level in the thermal storage enclosure is sufficient or acting as a heat pump if the thermal level in the thermal storage enclosure is insufficient.

La régulation des transferts de chaleur peut être obtenue grâce à un appareil de régulation, de préférence électronique, non représenté,capabled'agir sur les courants traversant les modules thermoélectriques 13 et 14. En particulier, pendant les périodes ensoleillées, si le niveau thermique du milieu intérieur dudit habitat est atteint, le courant traversant les modules thermoélectriques 13 sera tel qu'il créera un écart de température entre les faces opposées des modules thermoélectriques 13 égal à l'écart de température entre la platine 5 et la platine intermédiaire 12 si bien qu'il n'y aura aucun transfert de chaleur entre ces platines. Pendant les périodes sans soleil, les modules thermoélectriques 14 seront traversés par un courant tel que l'écart de température entre leurs faces opposées soit en permanence égal à l'écart de température entre la platine 8 et la platine 12 si bien qu'il n'y aura aucun transfert de chaleur entre ces platines. Il est par ailleurs préférable que, pendant les périodes de faible ensoleillement, les modules 14 créent une barrière thermique lorsque l'écart de température entre l'enceinte et le milieu extérieur devient trop important, au désavantage du milieu extérieur, afin de limiter la consommation d'énergie électrique.due au fonctionnement des modules thermoélectriques 14 en pompe à chaleur.The regulation of heat transfers can be obtained by means of a regulating device, preferably electronic, not shown, capable of acting on the currents passing through the thermoelectric modules 13 and 14. In particular, during sunny periods, if the thermal level of the interior environment of said habitat is reached, the current passing through the thermoelectric modules 13 will be such that it will create a temperature difference between the opposite faces of the thermoelectric modules 13 equal to the temperature difference between the plate 5 and the intermediate plate 12 so well that there will be no heat transfer between these plates. During periods without sun, the thermoelectric modules 14 will be traversed by a current such that the temperature difference between their opposite faces is permanently equal to the temperature difference between the plate 8 and the plate 12 so that n there will be no heat transfer between these plates. It is moreover preferable that, during periods of poor sunshine, the modules 14 create a thermal barrier when the temperature difference between the enclosure and the external environment becomes too large, to the disadvantage of the external environment, in order to limit consumption. of electrical energy due to the operation of the thermoelectric modules 14 as a heat pump.

Plaçons-nous maintenant dans le cas où le panneau est utilisé comme élément de réfrigération du milieu intérieur de l'habitat.Let us now consider the case where the panel is used as a refrigeration element for the interior environment of the habitat.

Cette réfrigération se fait par rapport au chauffage par simple inversion du sens du courant qui traverse les modules thermoélectriques. Les modules thermoélectriques sont donc traversés par un courant de manière à effectuer un transfert de chaleur du milieu intérieur de l'habitat vers le milieu extérieur.This refrigeration is done in relation to heating by simply reversing the direction of the current flowing through the thermoelectric modules. The thermoelectric modules are therefore traversed by a current so as to transfer heat from the interior environment of the habitat to the exterior environment.

De manière à minimiser la consommation d'énergie électrique pour une production de froid donnée, les modules thermoélectriques fonctionnent, la nuit, de telle sorte qu'ils refroidissent en même temps le volume à climatiser et le stockage thermique, sous de faibles écarts de température. Pendant la journée, la chaleur prise au milieu intérieur, au lieu de la céder directement au milieu extérieur, est de préférence accumulée dans l'enceinte de stockage thermique 3, chaleur qui sera transférée au milieu extérieur perdant la nuit suivante.In order to minimize the consumption of electrical energy for a given cold production, the thermoelectric modules operate at night, so that they cool the volume to be conditioned and the thermal storage at the same time, under small temperature differences. . During the day, the heat taken from the indoor environment, instead of giving it directly to the outdoor environment, is preferably accumulated in the thermal storage enclosure 3, heat which will be transferred to the outside environment losing the following night.

De la même manière que dans le cas du panneau chauffant, on peut prévoir un appareil de régulation, de préférence électronique, qui sera capable de moduler les courants électriques traversant les modules thermoélectriques 13 et 14 de manière à maintenir le niveau de froid désiré tout en minimisant la consommation d'énergie électrique grâce au stockage, les modules pouvant également jouer le rôle de barrière thermique entre les platines grâce à un courant électrique convenable.In the same way as in the case of the heating panel, provision may be made for a regulating apparatus, preferably electronic, which will be capable of modulating the electric currents passing through the thermoelectric modules 13 and 14 so as to maintain the desired level of cold while minimizing the consumption of electrical energy thanks to storage, the modules can also act as a thermal barrier between the plates thanks to a suitable electric current.

La présente invention ne se limite pas à l'exemple ci-dessus décrit et aux modes de fonctionnement mentionnés. En effet, la solution proposée pour résoudre les problèmes de chauffage, de réfri- gérantion ou de climatisation présente l'avantage d'être très facilement modulable en puissance, en forme et en dimension, de manière à s'adapter aux conditions climatiques du site où se trouve l'installation, ces conditions climatiques pouvant être extrêmement variables. Dans bien des cas, la solution proposée permettra de supprimer tout autre élément de chauffage ou de réfrigération.The present invention is not limited to the example described above and to the operating modes mentioned. Indeed, the solution proposed to solve the problems of heating, cooling or air conditioning has the advantage of being very easily adjustable in power, shape and size, so as to adapt to the climatic conditions of the site. where the installation is located, these climatic conditions can be extremely variable. In many cases, the proposed solution will remove any other heating or cooling element.

On notera en outre que la réalisation de l'enceinte de stockage ne peut être limitée à un ou plusieurs réservoirs contenant de l'eau . On peut en effet prévoir un autre dispositif ou une enciente de stockage faite d'une masse solide telle que de la brique ou autre matériau.It will also be noted that the production of the storage enclosure cannot be limited to one or more tanks containing water. One can in fact provide another device or a storage container made of a solid mass such as brick or other material.

Claims (14)

1. Dispositif destiné au chauffage, à la réfrigération, à la climatisation ou au contrôle de l'humidité du milieu intérieur d'un habitat industriel ou domestique et pouvant être associé en particulier à un mur extérieur dudit habitat, comprenant un échangeur de chaleur intérieur en contact avec le milieu intérieur dudit habitat, un échangeur de chaleur extérieur en liaison thermique avec le milieu extérieur dudit habitat, une enceinte de stockage thermique disposée thermiquement entre ledit échangeur de chaleur intérieur et ledit échangeur de chaleur extérieur et, pour effectuer les transferts de chaleur, des modules thermoélectriques générant entre leurs faces opposées un écart de température lorsqu'ils sont traversés par un courant électrique, caractérise par le fait que l'enceinte de stockage thermique et l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur sont reliés thermiquement par au moins un module thermoélectrique susceptible d'effectuer les transferts de chaleur entre l'enceinte de stockage thermique et l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur et réciproquement et, l'enceinte de stockage thermique et l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur sont également reliés thermiquement par au moins un module thermoélectrique susceptible d'effectuer les transferts de chaleur entre l'enceinte de stockage thermique et l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur et réciproquement.1. Device intended for heating, refrigeration, air conditioning or humidity control of the interior environment of an industrial or domestic habitat and which can be associated in particular with an exterior wall of said habitat, comprising an interior heat exchanger in contact with the interior environment of said habitat, an exterior heat exchanger in thermal connection with the exterior environment of said habitat, a thermal storage enclosure thermally disposed between said interior heat exchanger and said exterior heat exchanger and, to carry out the transfers of heat, thermoelectric modules generating between their opposite faces a temperature difference when an electric current passes through them, characterized in that the thermal storage enclosure and the internal heat exchanger are thermally connected by at least one module thermoelectric capable of carrying out heat transfers between the th storage enclosure ermic and the indoor heat exchanger and vice versa and, the thermal storage enclosure and the outdoor heat exchanger are also thermally connected by at least one thermoelectric module capable of effecting heat transfers between the thermal storage enclosure and the outdoor heat exchanger and vice versa. 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur et l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur sont reliés thermiquement par au moins un module thermoélectrique de manière à effectuer directement les transferts de chaleur entre l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur et l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur et réciproquement.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the external heat exchanger and the internal heat exchanger are thermally connected by at least one thermoelectric module so as to directly carry out the heat transfers between the heat exchanger outside and the indoor heat exchanger and vice versa. 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur et l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur sont reliés thermiquement par lesdits modules thermoélectriques reliant respectivement l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur et l'enceinte de stockage thermique et l'enceinte de stockage thermique et l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur.3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger are thermally connected by said thermoelectric modules respectively connecting the indoor heat exchanger and the thermal storage enclosure and l '' thermal storage enclosure and indoor heat exchanger. 4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits échangcurs de chaleur comprennent au moins un conduit de transfert de chaleur scellé à ses extrémités et rempli d'un fluide de transfert de chaleur ou caloporteur à deux états, une surface d'échange thermique et une platine servant de support au module thermoélectrique associé et reliée thermiquement à une face de ce module, ledit conduit de transfert de chaleur étant relié thermiquement à ladite platine et à ladite surface d'échange thermique de telle sorte que l'échange entre le module et la surface d'échange thermique puisse s'effectuer naturellement dans les deux sens.4. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said heat exchangers comprise at least one heat transfer duct sealed at its ends and filled with a heat transfer or heat transfer fluid with two states, a heat exchange surface and a plate serving as support for the associated thermoelectric module and thermally connected to one face of this module, said heat transfer duct being thermally connected to said plate and to said heat exchange surface so that the exchange between the module and the surface of heat exchange can take place naturally in both directions. 5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que l'enceinte de stockage thermique est reliée thermiquement auxdits modules thermoélectriques qui lui sont associés par au moins un conduit de transfert de chaleur, une platine intermédiaire servant de support auxdits modules thermoélectriques établissant les liaisons thermiques entre ledit conduit associé à ladite enceinte de stockage thermique et lesdits modules.5. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal storage enclosure is thermally connected to said thermoelectric modules which are associated with it by at least one heat transfer duct, an intermediate plate serving as a support for said thermoelectric modules establishing the thermal connections between said conduit associated with said thermal storage enclosure and said modules. 6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que ledit échangeur de chaleur extérieur se présente sous la forme d'un capteur solaire.6. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said external heat exchanger is in the form of a solar collector. 7. Panneau destiné en particulier à la construction et formant au moins en partie un mur extérieur d'un habitat industriel ou domestique et servant d'élément de chauffage, de réfrigération ou de climatisation, comprenant un échangeur de chaleur intérieur, un échangeur de chaleur extérieur et une enceinte de stockage thermique, disposée entre lesdits échangeurs à l'intérieur du panneau, caractérisé par le fait que l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur comprend une surface d'échange thermique intérieure en contact avec le milieu intérieur dudit habitat et formant au moins en partie la face intérieure du panneau, une platine ainsi qu'une multiplicité de conduits de transfert de chaleur reliés thermiquement à ladite surface d'échange thermique et à ladite platine ; que l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur comprend une surface d'échange thermique extérieure en contact avec le milieu extérieur dudit habitat et formant au moins en partie la face extérieure du panneau, une platine ainsi qu'une multiplicité de conduits de transfert de chaleur reliés thermiquement à ladite surface d'échange thermique extérieure et à ladite platine ; que l'enceinte de stockage thermique est reliée thermiquement à une platine intermédiaire par une multiplicité de conduits de transfert de chaleur ; qu'une multiplicité de modules thermoélectriques relie thermiquement la platine de l'échangeur intérieur et la platine intermédiaire et est portée par ces dernières ; qu'une autre multirlieité de modules thermoélectriques relie thermiquement la platine de l'échangeur extérieur et la platine intermédiaire et est portée par ces dernières ; et que lesdits conduits de transfert de chaleur étant disposés de manière à transférer la chaleur des platines aux surfaces d'échange thermique et inversement et de la platine intermédiaire à l'enceinte de stockage thermique et inversement.7. Panel intended in particular for construction and forming at least partially an exterior wall of an industrial or domestic habitat and serving as a heating, refrigeration or air conditioning element, comprising an interior heat exchanger, a heat exchanger exterior and a thermal storage enclosure, disposed between said exchangers inside the panel, characterized in that the interior heat exchanger comprises an interior heat exchange surface in contact with the interior environment of said habitat and forming at least partly the inner face of the panel, a plate as well as a multiplicity of heat transfer conduits thermally connected to said heat exchange surface and to said plate; that the external heat exchanger comprises an external heat exchange surface in contact with the external medium of said housing and forming at least partially the external face of the panel, a plate as well as a multiplicity of heat transfer conduits thermally connected to said external heat exchange surface and to said plate; that the thermal storage enclosure is thermally connected to an intermediate plate by a multiplicity of heat transfer conduits; that a multiplicity of thermoelectric modules thermally connects the plate of the interior exchanger and the intermediate plate and is carried by the latter; that another multiple of thermoelectric modules thermally connects the plate of the external exchanger and the intermediate plate and is carried by the latter; and that said heat transfer conduits being arranged so as to transfer heat from the plates to the heat exchange surfaces and vice versa and from the intermediate plate to the thermal storage enclosure and vice versa. 8. Panneau selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits échangeurs de chaleur et ladite enceinte de stockage thermique sont séparés par un matériau isolant.8. Panel according to claim 7, characterized in that said heat exchangers and said thermal storage enclosure are separated by an insulating material. 9. Panneau selon l'une des revendications 8 et 8, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits conduits de transfert de chaleur sont disposés horizontalement.9. Panel according to one of claims 8 and 8, characterized in that said heat transfer conduits are arranged horizontally. 10. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, caractérise par le fait que l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur se présente sous la forme d'un capteur solaire.10. Panel according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the external heat exchanger is in the form of a solar collector. 11. Procédé pour maintenir un volume a une température prédéterminée, dans lequel on utilise des modules thermoélectriques pour effectuer les transferts de chaleur, caractérisé par le fait qu'on effectue un transfert de chaleur entre le volume et une enceinte de stockage thérmique et réciproquement par l'interméidiaire de modules thermoélectriques et/ou un transfert de chaleur entre l'enceinte de stockage thermique et le milieu extérieur dudit volume et réciproquement par l'intermédiaire de modules thermoélectriques.11. Method for maintaining a volume at a predetermined temperature, in which thermoelectric modules are used to carry out the heat transfers, characterized in that a heat transfer is carried out between the volume and a thermal storage enclosure and vice versa by via thermoelectric modules and / or heat transfer between the thermal storage enclosure and the external environment of said volume and vice versa by means of thermoelectric modules. 12. Procédé selon la revendication Il, caractérisé par le fait qu'on effectue un transfert de chaleur entre le volume et le milieu extérieur par l'intermédiaire desdits modules thermoélectriques, successivement.12. Method according to claim II, characterized in that a heat transfer is carried out between the volume and the external medium via said thermoelectric modules, successively. 13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 et 12, caractérisé par le fait qu'on interrompt le transfert de chaleur entre ladite enceinte de stockage de chaleur et le milieu extérieur lorsque l'écart de température entre le milieu extérieur et l'enceinte atteint une valeur prédéterminée.13. Method according to one of claims 11 and 12, characterized in that the heat transfer is interrupted between said heat storage enclosure and the external environment when the temperature difference between the external environment and the enclosure reaches a predetermined value. 14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisé par le fait qu'on utilise un fluide caloporteur pour effectuer les transferts de chaleur entre ledit volume, ladite enceinte, le milieur extérieur et lesdits modules thermoélectriques.14. Method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that a heat transfer fluid is used to effect the heat transfers between said volume, said enclosure, the external environment and said thermoelectric modules.
EP80106234A 1979-10-18 1980-10-14 Device, panel and method for heating, cooling, air conditioning or humidity control of an industrial or commercial locality Withdrawn EP0027626A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7925943A FR2468086A1 (en) 1979-10-18 1979-10-18 DEVICE, PANEL AND METHOD FOR HEATING, REFRIGERATING, AIR-CONDITIONING OR CONTROLLING THE HUMIDITY OF AN INDUSTRIAL OR COMMERCIAL HABITAT
FR7925943 1979-10-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0027626A2 true EP0027626A2 (en) 1981-04-29
EP0027626A3 EP0027626A3 (en) 1981-12-09

Family

ID=9230818

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80106234A Withdrawn EP0027626A3 (en) 1979-10-18 1980-10-14 Device, panel and method for heating, cooling, air conditioning or humidity control of an industrial or commercial locality

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0027626A3 (en)
JP (1) JPS5664291A (en)
BR (1) BR8006691A (en)
FR (1) FR2468086A1 (en)
OA (1) OA06642A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2514876A1 (en) * 1981-10-21 1983-04-22 Gimenez Christian Double walled insulated enclosure - uses insulating fluids with heat pump transferring heat between them
FR2624956A1 (en) * 1987-12-18 1989-06-23 Sodern TEMPORARY OVER-COOLING DEVICE OF A COOLED DETECTOR
WO1989006335A1 (en) * 1988-01-05 1989-07-13 Chemonorm Ag Refrigerating unit for refrigerator
NL2003188C2 (en) * 2009-07-10 2011-01-11 Nilesk Group Ltd CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT.
WO2022079556A1 (en) * 2020-10-16 2022-04-21 Wyllie Nicholas Improvements relating to cladding

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2034207C1 (en) * 1992-11-05 1995-04-30 Товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью компании "Либрация" Process of cooling of object by stage thermoelectric battery
CL2017003498A1 (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-05-04 Ahr Energy Spa Method to produce heat transfer between two or more means and a system to execute said method.
CN111174329B (en) * 2018-10-24 2021-11-23 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 Movable air conditioner and temperature adjusting and controlling method thereof
CN112611010B (en) * 2020-11-30 2022-06-28 华北电力大学 Adjusting method of flexible adjusting system for power generation load of multi-heat-source cogeneration unit

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB934114A (en) * 1960-04-17 1963-08-14 Siemens Ag A combined refrigeration and heated-water supply apparatus
US3100969A (en) * 1960-08-03 1963-08-20 Thore M Elfving Thermoelectric refrigeration
DE1454636A1 (en) * 1962-04-19 1969-01-30 Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh Air conditioning operated with Peltier elements
US3500650A (en) * 1968-05-13 1970-03-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Multistage direct transfer thermoelectric apparatus
DE1801088A1 (en) * 1968-10-01 1970-05-27 Siemens Ag Cooling device for building interiors
US3780262A (en) * 1972-07-28 1973-12-18 R Rudd Thermal bank
FR2238120A1 (en) * 1973-07-19 1975-02-14 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh
FR2245090A1 (en) * 1973-09-20 1975-04-18 Justi Eduard Rod-shaped thermo element with semiconductor chips - has alternate conductivity chips separated by metal discs coupled to heat source or sink
DE2654732A1 (en) * 1976-12-02 1978-06-08 Adolf H Michel Long term underground heat collector vessel - is enclosed by insulating ring with embedded heat exchange elements
US4125122A (en) * 1975-08-11 1978-11-14 Stachurski John Z O Direct energy conversion device
FR2407447A1 (en) * 1977-10-26 1979-05-25 Lutard Francois Heat transfer system - has heat exchanger one each side of heat pump, or on one side only
FR2415273A1 (en) * 1978-01-20 1979-08-17 Lutard Francois Heat pump using solar energy - has storage container connected to heat source and including expansion tank
DE2910156A1 (en) * 1979-03-15 1980-09-25 Holger Simon Heating and cooling storage unit - is charged and discharged via peltier element and is built into walls
EP0021307A1 (en) * 1979-06-19 1981-01-07 Robert Moracchioli Device for transferring heat between at least two heat sources such as to maintain them at different thermal levels

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR813991A (en) * 1936-02-17 1937-06-12 Merlin Gerin Simultaneous heating and cooling devices
FR1309750A (en) * 1958-12-04 1962-11-16 Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh Refrigeration appliance equipped with electrothermal cooling devices
US3209547A (en) * 1961-08-21 1965-10-05 Thore M Elfving Thermoelectric refrigerator and method and heat dissipating surface
US3205667A (en) * 1964-09-08 1965-09-14 Edsel W Frantti Submarine air conditioning module
CH613764A5 (en) * 1976-10-29 1979-10-15 Max Buergin Method of air-conditioning buildings, in particular in regions with extreme climates, and building for carrying out the same

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB934114A (en) * 1960-04-17 1963-08-14 Siemens Ag A combined refrigeration and heated-water supply apparatus
US3100969A (en) * 1960-08-03 1963-08-20 Thore M Elfving Thermoelectric refrigeration
DE1454636A1 (en) * 1962-04-19 1969-01-30 Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh Air conditioning operated with Peltier elements
US3500650A (en) * 1968-05-13 1970-03-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Multistage direct transfer thermoelectric apparatus
DE1801088A1 (en) * 1968-10-01 1970-05-27 Siemens Ag Cooling device for building interiors
US3780262A (en) * 1972-07-28 1973-12-18 R Rudd Thermal bank
FR2238120A1 (en) * 1973-07-19 1975-02-14 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh
FR2245090A1 (en) * 1973-09-20 1975-04-18 Justi Eduard Rod-shaped thermo element with semiconductor chips - has alternate conductivity chips separated by metal discs coupled to heat source or sink
US4125122A (en) * 1975-08-11 1978-11-14 Stachurski John Z O Direct energy conversion device
DE2654732A1 (en) * 1976-12-02 1978-06-08 Adolf H Michel Long term underground heat collector vessel - is enclosed by insulating ring with embedded heat exchange elements
FR2407447A1 (en) * 1977-10-26 1979-05-25 Lutard Francois Heat transfer system - has heat exchanger one each side of heat pump, or on one side only
FR2415273A1 (en) * 1978-01-20 1979-08-17 Lutard Francois Heat pump using solar energy - has storage container connected to heat source and including expansion tank
DE2910156A1 (en) * 1979-03-15 1980-09-25 Holger Simon Heating and cooling storage unit - is charged and discharged via peltier element and is built into walls
EP0021307A1 (en) * 1979-06-19 1981-01-07 Robert Moracchioli Device for transferring heat between at least two heat sources such as to maintain them at different thermal levels

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2514876A1 (en) * 1981-10-21 1983-04-22 Gimenez Christian Double walled insulated enclosure - uses insulating fluids with heat pump transferring heat between them
FR2624956A1 (en) * 1987-12-18 1989-06-23 Sodern TEMPORARY OVER-COOLING DEVICE OF A COOLED DETECTOR
EP0322028A1 (en) * 1987-12-18 1989-06-28 Societe Anonyme D'etudes Et Realisations Nucleaires S.O.D.E.R.N. Device for the temporary overcooling of a cooled detector
WO1989006335A1 (en) * 1988-01-05 1989-07-13 Chemonorm Ag Refrigerating unit for refrigerator
NL2003188C2 (en) * 2009-07-10 2011-01-11 Nilesk Group Ltd CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT.
WO2022079556A1 (en) * 2020-10-16 2022-04-21 Wyllie Nicholas Improvements relating to cladding

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8006691A (en) 1981-04-22
FR2468086A1 (en) 1981-04-30
JPS5664291A (en) 1981-06-01
EP0027626A3 (en) 1981-12-09
OA06642A (en) 1981-08-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0046716B1 (en) Cooling apparatus comprising a radiant panel and an evaporative panel
US4031881A (en) Solar heater
US4106480A (en) Reflective solar heat collector
FR2941038A1 (en) OPTIMAL STATIC SOLAR CONCENTRATOR SHAPED IN SPIRAL AND PROVIDED WITH MIRRORS
Buchberg et al. Design considerations for solar collectors with cylindrical glass honeycombs
US4566434A (en) Solar energy collector
EP0027626A2 (en) Device, panel and method for heating, cooling, air conditioning or humidity control of an industrial or commercial locality
EP2354713B1 (en) Thermal solar system for heating a habitable space.
US6082354A (en) Solar collector
FR2468077A1 (en) Solar water heater tank - has hemispherical absorber acting as storage vessel with matt black surface
FR2548832A1 (en) PHOTOELECTRIC SOLAR MODULE
FR2575811A1 (en) Collector/storage assembly for heating water by solar energy
FR2999830A1 (en) ELEMENT FOR THE TREATMENT OF IMPROVED SOLAR RADIATION AND A SOLAR FOLLOWER AND A SOLAR POWER PLANT EQUIPPED WITH SUCH ELEMENT
FR2558245A1 (en) Solar heating system
EP2354712B1 (en) Thermal solar collector, thermal solar system including such a thermal solar collector and method for heating a habitable space.
GB1585916A (en) Solar energy collection and delivery
FR2458768A1 (en) Swivelling solar heat collection module - has lens to concentrate suns rays onto conduit through with liquid flows
FR2945857A1 (en) Device for transmitting heat energy to gaseous or liquid fluid in e.g. solar thermal station, has frame supporting mobile structure for aligning structure so as to maintain solar light in common optical plane of mirrors
FR2680564A1 (en) Orientable solar collector using air with straight magnifying strips and hot water accumulator
EP0114005A1 (en) Installation for the production and storage of heat
FR2914048A1 (en) HYBRID CENTRAL HEATING INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING SUCH INSTALLATION.
FR2481422A1 (en) PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR THE PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF HEAT INSIDE THE PREMISES OF A BUILDING
CA1080069A (en) Solar heater
RU2194927C1 (en) Solar collector
FR2486634A1 (en) Solar energy trap made of flexible plastics - forms triangular enclosure for simplicity and low wt. for marginal heating loads and costs

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE DE GB IT NL SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE DE GB IT NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19820611

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19840105