EP0025000B1 - Safety ammunition for shooting at fairs or in galleries - Google Patents

Safety ammunition for shooting at fairs or in galleries Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0025000B1
EP0025000B1 EP80420099A EP80420099A EP0025000B1 EP 0025000 B1 EP0025000 B1 EP 0025000B1 EP 80420099 A EP80420099 A EP 80420099A EP 80420099 A EP80420099 A EP 80420099A EP 0025000 B1 EP0025000 B1 EP 0025000B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
holder
charge
ammunition
bore
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Expired
Application number
EP80420099A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0025000A1 (en
Inventor
Lionel Morin
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/02—Cartridges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a security ammunition intended to allow the reduced firing of individual firearms, whether handgun or shoulder, old or modern.
  • over-the-counter ammunition is that used for over-the-counter loading, and ammunition outside the fourth and first category.
  • the manipulations are tiresome, the shooting is noisy, dangerous, smoke generator and causes a rapid oxidation of the weapon if it is not immediately cleaned. So if you have, for example, an old weapon or its replica, you can shoot, but the disadvantages mentioned quickly dissuade amateurs.
  • a first object of the invention is to provide a versatile ammunition for all firearms with a muzzle or breech loading, in each suitable caliber.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide ammunition which makes practically harmless reduced fire possible.
  • Another object of the invention is to offer this ammunition absolute security during its storage, transport and handling.
  • Another object of the invention is to prohibit its use for shooting with a live bullet by the very fact of the design of its elements.
  • the invention has the advantage of allowing sport and leisure shooting from the living room, whether with hunting weapons, handguns or long guns, collection weapons, model guns or even shooting. assault, the shooting range. These exercises are done safely, smoke-free and with minimal noise. This device which does not allow live fire is also much less expensive.
  • the ammunition which is the subject of the invention is essentially characterized by the fact that it comprises, in combination, a load carrier equipped at one of its ends with a projectile which fits therein, the ammunition is then usable for all muzzle-loading weapons.
  • a case is added to it, it becomes usable for all breech-loading weapons.
  • it can be used in both handguns and long guns. It can also be used, in an alternative embodiment, in model guns.
  • the load carrier is an element in the form of a blind tube of very thin plastic material comprising three essential parts: a tubular nose with a conical end, a solid or hollow median collar and a tubular tail of the same diameter. that the nose and admitting in all circumstances a seal retaining the powder inside said element and in some cases a percussion primer.
  • the load carrier comprises a fracture line preferably located above the flange.
  • the plastic projectile is a cylindrical hollow body ending at the upper end by a semi-spherical solid part pierced with a central hole and surrounded by a toothed crown extending the sides of the cylinder whose inner bore receives the tail or the nose of the load carrier respectively when the latter is at rest and when it is in operation.
  • the case also made of plastic, is cylindrical, hollowed out with a bore fitting the base of the projectile covering the load carrier and comprising a conical shoulder against which the collar of the load carrier abuts, while the nose or the tail of said carrier load is housed in a bore in the base of the case.
  • the base of the case is pierced with a circular orifice without any shoulder which could serve as a primer support seat, this feature therefore prohibits the use of this case to constitute a cartridge with offensive ball.
  • the ammunition which can be used in a closed breech weapon in particular a model gun, has an extended primer holder for firing by wick through the light provided for this in the breech.
  • the projectile 1 is a cylindrical hollow body ending at the upper end by a semi-spherical solid part 2 reserving a peripheral groove 3 joining the vertical wall of the cylinder which ends in a toothed crown 4.
  • the body of the projectile is hollowed out, up to about two-thirds, from a central bore 5.
  • the solid part 2 is pierced with a central hole 6 opening into the bore 5.
  • the base of the projectile has a slight withdrawal of peripheral fitting 7. It is produced plastic, preferably polystyrene.
  • the load carrier 8 is a small blind tubular container comprising three essential parts, a tubular nose 9 terminated by a cone and comprising a bulge 10, a central flange 11, full or hollow and a tail 12 having a bulge 13 whose diameter is equal to that of the bulge 10 of the nose 9 which diameters correspond to that of the bore 5 of the projectile 1.
  • the interior of the load carrier is a cylindrical recess 14 of constant diameter, only the base 15 of the tail 12 has a slightly greater bore for housing a primer, with a slight inlet chamfer and a slot 16 for engagement by force of said primer.
  • the collar 11 has an outside diameter equal to or slightly less than that of the projectile's casing 7, the largest diameter of which, above the casing zone, corresponds to the caliber of the weapon to be loaded.
  • the height of the flange meets two criteria: when it is full, as shown in Figure 1, it is only used for gripping during handling, it is sufficient that its proportions are adapted to the proper functioning of the system easily loading the cylinder head specified weapon; when it is hollow, it fulfills the role of complementary container of the central part 14 of the load carrier and its height is calculated for the particular requirements of the weapon chosen and of the profile of its usual ammunition.
  • the open base 15 of the load carrier is made so as to admit in all circumstances a cover 18 (for example made of paper) which covers the cylinder 14 intended to admit the necessary and sufficient quantity of powder to propel the projectile.
  • the load carrier is made of polyolefins.
  • the case 19 is a cylindrical element the interior of which is hollowed out with a frustoconical bore 20 surmounting a cylindrical bore 21 of smaller diameter; the base of the case ends, in the known manner, with a bead 22.
  • the projectile 1 is capable of covering the load carrier 8 whose tail 12 (FIG. 2) or nose 9 (FIG. 3) penetrates with hard friction into the bore 5 of said projectile and it can be seen that these are the bulges 13 and 10 respectively which bear against the walls of the bores 5 and 21, which ensures that the load carrier has good containment in the projectile and the base of the case.
  • FIG. 8 By associating a projectile 1 with a load carrier 8 as described above, an ammunition intended for a handgun or shoulder gun loaded with a muzzle is produced, as illustrated in FIG. 8 in which one can note that the ammunition, according to the invention, constituted by the projectile 1 covering the load carrier 8, fits perfectly in the closed breech 23 in which it is slid by the mouth by means of the traditional tamping piston 26 whose concave shape perfectly fits the semi-spherical head 2 provided for this purpose for the projectile 1.
  • the firing chimney 24 is preferably provided with a conical head 25 whose height is sufficient so that under pressure of the tamping piston 26 of the weapon the cone enters inside the tail 12 of the load carrier after having torn the lid 18, which puts the head 25 of the chimney 24 in contact with the powder 27 contained in the load carrier .
  • the chimney 24 can have a conical or bowl-shaped primer support.
  • the load carrier 8 breaks along the fracture line 17, the nose 9 remains associated with the projectile which is propelled towards the target by turning on itself so that it comes into contact with it , at the same time by the spherical cap 2 and the teeth of the crown 4 which cut a pellet in said target which makes it possible to record the exact impact of the blow.
  • the tail 12 integrating with the collar 11 leaves the barrel of the weapon and is lost.
  • the projectile 1 can be recovered and reused once, it suffices to drive the nose 9 remaining blocked in the bore 5 of said projectile by introducing into the hole 6 a suitable tool. It will be noted that the axial hole 6 also plays a role during firing by imparting better ballistics to projectiles fired from a short distance.
  • the tail 12 of the load carrier is equipped with an extended primer holder 28, constituted by several claws made of plastic material secured to a cylinder s' fitting onto the base of the tail 12 of the load carrier; this accessory is intended to maintain the necessary and sufficient distance from the light 29 the ammunition so that its ignition is ensured in all circumstances.
  • the latter is introduced wearing a capsule 31 possibly containing primer powder, through the firing orifice 29, which capsule is then located between the claws of the primer holder and causes ignition by its explosion.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 we see how the case 19 is associated with the projectile and load carrier assembly which fit into the frustoconical bore 20, the flange 11 supporting the projectile penetrating with the base 7 of the latter up to the conical throttle, the tail 12 or the nose 9 of the load carrier having entered with hard friction in the cylindrical bore 21 of the base of the case 19.
  • the assembly In FIG. 4 the assembly is in position "of security-, while in FIG. 5 it is in the “armed projectile” position.
  • the base 15 of the tail 12 of the load carrier is provided with a primer 34 force fitted and in close contact with the cover 18 which retains the powder 27 occupying the bore 14 of the load carrier.
  • the collar 11 of the latter can be hollow and additionally filled with powder when deemed necessary.
  • the long and straight case 32 includes two crimps 35 and 36 intended to internally retain a guide mandrel 37 through which slides, coaxially, a metallic percussion extension 38 whose length is sufficient for the load carrier 8 with its projectile 1 Forced into the collar of the case is struck with precision.
  • the extender has on the base side of the case a collar 39 resting, by means of a gas-tight washer 40 preferably produced in an elastomer, on an anvil 41 receiving the impact shock of the weapon. The extender transmits this shock to a needle 42 intended to strike the primer 34 equipping the load carrier.
  • the extension is recalled by a spring 43 bearing at one end against the flange 39 of said extension and by its other end against the guide mandrel 37.
  • the same elements of the extension 38 are found, but the chamber 44 of the spring 43 and / or the guide mandrel 37 can be produced by plastic overmolding of the case if this the latter is made of metal or directly by plastic molding.
  • the housing of the anvil 41 does not allow the adaptation of a primer because it is greater than the diameter of said primers sold.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Mechanical Pencils And Projecting And Retracting Systems Therefor, And Multi-System Writing Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

1. General purpose safety ammunition, made from a plastic material, for the reduced inoffensive firing of individual, hand-held or shoulder-held firearms, ancient or modern, characterized by the fact that it comprises, in combination, a charge-holder (8) at the end of which is fitted a projectile (1) and short (19) or long (32) case, so that by associating a projectile (1) and a charge-holder (8) ammunition is provided for use in all muzzle-loading weapons, or that by associating a projectile (1), a charge-holder (8) and a short (19) or long (32) case a cartridge is provided usable in all breach-loading weapons or that by associating the projectile (1), a charge-holder (8) and an extended deck-meter holder (28) ammunition is provided usable for model gun repertories.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet une munition à sécurité destinée à permettre le tir réduit d'armes à feu individuelles, qu'elles soient de poing ou d'épaule, anciennes ou modernes.The present invention relates to a security ammunition intended to allow the reduced firing of individual firearms, whether handgun or shoulder, old or modern.

Il existe actuellement dans le commerce des répliques d'armes de poing ou d'épaule anciennes à poudre noire, à chargement soit par la gueule soit par la culasse modifiée ; il existe également des armes de poing modernes à chargement par la culasse, des fusils modernes à répétition à chargement par la culasse et aussi des copies à échelle réduite de canons et armes de collection à poudre noire et chargement par la gueule. Ces diverses catégories d'armes à feu ont des modes de chargement très diversifiés suivant l'évolution technologique et pyrotechnique des époques et elles nécessitent des munitions particulières. C'est le cas des armes à poudre noire à culasse fermée dans laquelle il faut verser une quantité mesurée de poudre, introduire la balle que l'on pousse contre la poudre, à l'aide d'un piston-bourroir, tandis qu'au fond de cette culasse une cheminée permet la mise à feu de la poudre par une amorce. Les seules munitions en vente libre sont celles qui s'utilisent dans le chargement par la gueule, et les munitions hors des quatrième et première catégorie. Or il est bien évident que dans le cas d'un chargement par la gueule, les manipulations sont fastidieuses, le tir est bruyant, dangereux, générateur de fumée et provoque une oxydation rapide de l'arme si elle n'est pas nettoyée immédiatement. Donc si on possède, par exemple, une arme ancienne ou sa réplique, on peut faire du tir, mais les inconvénients cités en dissuadent rapidement les amateurs.There are currently replica handguns or long guns with black powder, loading either by the mouth or by the modified breech; there are also modern breech-loading handguns, modern breech-loading repeating rifles and also small-scale copies of black powder and muzzle-loading collection guns and weapons. These various categories of firearms have very diversified modes of loading according to the technological and pyrotechnic evolution of the times and they require particular ammunition. This is the case of black powder weapons with closed breech into which it is necessary to pour a measured quantity of powder, introduce the bullet which is pushed against the powder, using a piston-tamper, while at the bottom of this cylinder head a chimney allows the ignition of the powder by a primer. The only over-the-counter ammunition is that used for over-the-counter loading, and ammunition outside the fourth and first category. However, it is quite obvious that in the case of a loading by the mouth, the manipulations are tiresome, the shooting is noisy, dangerous, smoke generator and causes a rapid oxidation of the weapon if it is not immediately cleaned. So if you have, for example, an old weapon or its replica, you can shoot, but the disadvantages mentioned quickly dissuade amateurs.

Par contre, par le brevet US-A-3 388 665 on connaît une cartouche prévue pour des tirs à longue portée adaptée pour recevoir des éléments autorisant un tir de moindre puissance en vue de l'entraînement dans des espaces restreints, mais on constate que l'emploi d'une telle cartouche est strictement limité aux armes à culasse verrouillée, du type « MAUSER - et qu'elle est impropre pour les armes modernes à tir automatique ou par rafales.On the other hand, by patent US-A-3 388 665 there is known a cartridge intended for long-range shots adapted to receive elements authorizing a lower power shot for training in tight spaces, but it is found that the use of such a cartridge is strictly limited to bolt-locked weapons, of the "MAUSER" type, and that it is unsuitable for modern automatic fire or burst weapons.

Pour pallier ces inconvénients on a imaginé une munition à sécurité qui permet le tir réduit pour le sport et le loisir.To overcome these drawbacks, a safety munition has been devised which allows reduced shooting for sport and leisure.

Un premier but de l'invention est de fournir une munition polyvalente pour toutes les armes à feu à chargement par la gueule ou la culasse, dans chaque calibre convenable.A first object of the invention is to provide a versatile ammunition for all firearms with a muzzle or breech loading, in each suitable caliber.

Un autre but de l'invention est de fournir une munition qui permet de faire du tir réduit pratiquement inoffensif.Another object of the invention is to provide ammunition which makes practically harmless reduced fire possible.

Un autre but de l'invention est d'offrir à cette munition une sécurité absolue pendant son magasinage, son transport et ses manipulations.Another object of the invention is to offer this ammunition absolute security during its storage, transport and handling.

Un autre but de l'invention est d'interdire son utilisation pour tir avec balle réelle du fait même de la conception de ses éléments.Another object of the invention is to prohibit its use for shooting with a live bullet by the very fact of the design of its elements.

L'invention présente l'avantage de permettre en sport et en loisir le tir de salon que ce soit avec des armes de chasse, des armes de poing ou d'épaule, des armes de collection, des canons modèles réduits ou encore le tir d'assaut, le tir forain. Ces exercices s'effectuent en toute sécurité, sans fumée et avec un minimum de bruit. Ce dispositif qui ne permet pas le tir à balle réelle est par ailleurs nettement moins onéreux.The invention has the advantage of allowing sport and leisure shooting from the living room, whether with hunting weapons, handguns or long guns, collection weapons, model guns or even shooting. assault, the shooting range. These exercises are done safely, smoke-free and with minimal noise. This device which does not allow live fire is also much less expensive.

Pour atteindre ces buts la munition, objet de l'invention, est essentiellement caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comprend, en combinaison, un porte-charge équipé à une de ses extrémités d'un projectile qui s'y emboîte, la munition est alors utilisable pour toutes les armes à chargement par la gueule. Lorsqu'on lui adjoint un étui elle devient utilisable pour toutes les armes à chargement par la culasse. Dans les deux cas elle est utilisable aussi bien dans les armes de poing que dans les armes d'épaule. Elle est également utilisable, dans une variante de réalisation, dans les canons modèles réduits.To achieve these aims, the ammunition which is the subject of the invention is essentially characterized by the fact that it comprises, in combination, a load carrier equipped at one of its ends with a projectile which fits therein, the ammunition is then usable for all muzzle-loading weapons. When a case is added to it, it becomes usable for all breech-loading weapons. In both cases it can be used in both handguns and long guns. It can also be used, in an alternative embodiment, in model guns.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le porte-charge est un élément en forme de tube borgne en matière plastique très mince comportant trois parties essentielles : un nez tubulaire à extrémité conique, une collerette médiane pleine ou creuse et une queue tubulaire de même diamètre que le nez et admettant en toutes circonstances un opercule retenant la poudre à l'intérieur dudit élément et dans certains cas une amorce à percussion.According to a characteristic of the invention, the load carrier is an element in the form of a blind tube of very thin plastic material comprising three essential parts: a tubular nose with a conical end, a solid or hollow median collar and a tubular tail of the same diameter. that the nose and admitting in all circumstances a seal retaining the powder inside said element and in some cases a percussion primer.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention le porte-charge comporte une ligne de fracture située de préférence au-dessus de la collerette.According to another characteristic of the invention, the load carrier comprises a fracture line preferably located above the flange.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention. le projectile en matière plastique est un corps creux cylindrique se terminant à l'extrémité supérieure par une partie pleine semi-sphérique percée d'un trou central et entourée d'une couronne dentée prolongeant les côtés du cylindre dont l'alésage intérieur reçoit la queue ou le nez du porte-charge respectivement lorsque ce dernier est au repos et lorsqu'il est en fonction.According to another characteristic of the invention. the plastic projectile is a cylindrical hollow body ending at the upper end by a semi-spherical solid part pierced with a central hole and surrounded by a toothed crown extending the sides of the cylinder whose inner bore receives the tail or the nose of the load carrier respectively when the latter is at rest and when it is in operation.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention. l'étui également en matière plastique est cylindrique, creusé d'un alésage emboîtant la base du projectile coiffant le porte-charge et comportant un épaulement conique contre lequel bute la collerette du porte-charge, tandis que le nez ou la queue dudit porte-charge se loge dans un alésage du culot de l'étui.According to another characteristic of the invention. the case, also made of plastic, is cylindrical, hollowed out with a bore fitting the base of the projectile covering the load carrier and comprising a conical shoulder against which the collar of the load carrier abuts, while the nose or the tail of said carrier load is housed in a bore in the base of the case.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le culot de l'étui est percé d'un orifice circulaire sans aucun épaulement qui pourrait servir de siège support d'amorce, cette particularité interdit donc l'emploi de cet étui pour constituer une cartouche à balle offensive.According to another characteristic of the invention, the base of the case is pierced with a circular orifice without any shoulder which could serve as a primer support seat, this feature therefore prohibits the use of this case to constitute a cartridge with offensive ball.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, en équipant des étuis longs à grand volume de poudre, droits, coniques ou à collet rétreint, d'une munition à sécurité, on réalise des cartouches utilisables dans les armes modernes à culasse ouverte, à cet effet lesdits étuis sont munis d'un prolongateur de percussion à ressort.According to another characteristic of the invention, by equipping long cases with a large volume of powder, straight, conical or with collars, with safety ammunition, cartridges are produced. ches usable in modern weapons with open breech, for this purpose said cases are provided with a spring percussion extension.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention la munition utilisable dans une arme à culasse fermée, notamment un canon modèle réduit, possède un porte-amorce prolongé pour mise à feu par mèche à travers la lumière prévue pour cela dans la culasse.According to another characteristic of the invention, the ammunition which can be used in a closed breech weapon, in particular a model gun, has an extended primer holder for firing by wick through the light provided for this in the breech.

Les dessins annexés qui montrent un exemple non limitatif de réalisation de l'invention permettront, en s'y référant, de bien comprendre la description qui va suivre :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en demi-coupe d'élévation montrant de haut en bas : le projectile, le porte-charge et l'étui d'une munition ;
  • La figure 2 est une vue en demi-coupe d'élévation d'une munition en position de sécurité pour arme à feu à chargement par la gueule ;
  • La figure 3 est une vue en demi-coupe d'élévation de la munition de la figure 2 en position « projectile armé » ;
  • La figure 4 est une vue en demi-coupe d'élévation d'une cartouche en position « de sécurité pour arme à feu à chargement par la culasse ;
  • La figure 5 représente la cartouche de la figure 4 en position « projectile armé» ;
  • La figure 6 représente en demi-coupe d'élévation l'ensemble de la figure 3, projectile et porte-charge associés à un étui droit pour fusil moderne à culasse ouverte ;
  • La figure 7 représente en demi-coupe d'élévation l'ensemble de la figure 6 mais avec étui à collet rétreint, pour fusil moderne à culasse ouverte ;
  • La figure 8 montre en demi-coupe d'élévation une munition logée dans un des alésages du barillet d'une arme à feu à chargement par la gueule ;
  • La figure 9 montre en demi-coupe d'élévation une cartouche logée dans un des alésages du barillet d'une arme à feu à chargement par la culasse ;
  • La figure 10 représente en demi-coupe d'élévation une munition logée dans le tube d'une réplique de canon à échelle réduite.
The accompanying drawings which show a non-limiting example of embodiment of the invention will make it possible, with reference to them, to fully understand the description which follows:
  • Figure 1 is a half-sectional elevation view showing from top to bottom: the projectile, the carrier and the case of ammunition;
  • Figure 2 is a half-sectional elevation view of a munition in the safety position for a muzzle-loading firearm;
  • Figure 3 is a half-sectional elevation view of the munition of Figure 2 in the position "armed projectile";
  • Figure 4 is a half-sectional elevation view of a cartridge in the "safety position for breech-loading firearm;
  • FIG. 5 represents the cartridge of FIG. 4 in the “armed projectile” position;
  • Figure 6 shows in elevation half-section the assembly of Figure 3, projectile and load carrier associated with a straight holster for modern rifle with open breech;
  • Figure 7 shows in elevation half-section the assembly of Figure 6 but with necked neck case, for modern rifle with open breech;
  • Figure 8 shows in elevation half-section ammunition housed in one of the barrel bores of a muzzle-loading firearm;
  • Figure 9 shows in elevation half-section a cartridge housed in one of the barrel bores of a breech-loading firearm;
  • Figure 10 shows in elevation half-section ammunition housed in the tube of a replica cannon on a reduced scale.

Sur la figure 1 et de haut en bas, on peut observer un projectile, un porte-charge et un étui dont l'association constitue une munition selon l'invention.In Figure 1 and from top to bottom, one can observe a projectile, a load carrier and a case whose association constitutes ammunition according to the invention.

Le projectile 1 est un corps creux cylindrique se terminant à l'extrémité supérieure par une partie pleine semi-sphérique 2 réservant une gorge périphérique 3 rejoignant la paroi verticale du cylindre qui se termine par une couronne dentée 4. Le corps du projectile est creusé, jusqu'aux deux tiers environ, d'un alésage central 5. La partie pleine 2 est percée d'un trou central 6 débouchant dans l'alésage 5. La base du projectile présente un léger retrait d'emboîtement périphérique 7. Il est réalisé en matière plastique, de préférence en polystyrène.The projectile 1 is a cylindrical hollow body ending at the upper end by a semi-spherical solid part 2 reserving a peripheral groove 3 joining the vertical wall of the cylinder which ends in a toothed crown 4. The body of the projectile is hollowed out, up to about two-thirds, from a central bore 5. The solid part 2 is pierced with a central hole 6 opening into the bore 5. The base of the projectile has a slight withdrawal of peripheral fitting 7. It is produced plastic, preferably polystyrene.

Le porte-charge 8 est un petit conteneur tubulaire borgne comprenant trois parties essentielles, un nez tubulaire 9 terminé par un cône et comportant un renflement 10, une collerette médiane 11, pleine ou creuse et une queue 12 possédant un renflement 13 dont le diamètre est égal à celui du renflement 10 du nez 9 lesquels diamètres correspondent à celui de l'alésage 5 du projectile 1.The load carrier 8 is a small blind tubular container comprising three essential parts, a tubular nose 9 terminated by a cone and comprising a bulge 10, a central flange 11, full or hollow and a tail 12 having a bulge 13 whose diameter is equal to that of the bulge 10 of the nose 9 which diameters correspond to that of the bore 5 of the projectile 1.

L'intérieur du porte-charge est un évidement cylindrique 14 de diamètre constant, seule l'embase 15 de la queue 12 présente un alésage un peu supérieur pour le logement d'une amorce, avec un léger chanfrein d'entrée et une fente 16 pour engagement à force de ladite amorce.The interior of the load carrier is a cylindrical recess 14 of constant diameter, only the base 15 of the tail 12 has a slightly greater bore for housing a primer, with a slight inlet chamfer and a slot 16 for engagement by force of said primer.

Au-dessus de la collerette 11 on remarque une gorge circulaire 17 qui constitue une ligne de fracture selon laquelle le porte-charge se rompt au cours du tir. Cette ligne de fracture pourrait se situer au-dessous de la collerette.Above the collar 11 there is a circular groove 17 which constitutes a fracture line along which the load carrier breaks during firing. This fracture line could be located below the flange.

La collerette 11 présente un diamètre extérieur égal ou légèrement inférieur à celui 7 d'emboîtement du projectile dont le diamètre le plus grand, au-dessus de la zone d'emboîtement, correspond au calibre de l'arme à charger. La hauteur de la collerette répond à deux critères : lorsqu'elle est pleine, comme montré figure 1, elle sert uniquement pour la préhension lors des manipulations, il suffit que ses proportions soient adaptées au bon fonctionnement du système chargeant aisément la culasse d'une arme déterminée ; lorsqu'elle est creuse, elle remplit le rôle de conteneur complémentaire de la partie centrale 14 du porte-charge et sa hauteur est calculée pour les impératifs particuliers de l'arme choisie et du profil de sa munition habituelle.The collar 11 has an outside diameter equal to or slightly less than that of the projectile's casing 7, the largest diameter of which, above the casing zone, corresponds to the caliber of the weapon to be loaded. The height of the flange meets two criteria: when it is full, as shown in Figure 1, it is only used for gripping during handling, it is sufficient that its proportions are adapted to the proper functioning of the system easily loading the cylinder head specified weapon; when it is hollow, it fulfills the role of complementary container of the central part 14 of the load carrier and its height is calculated for the particular requirements of the weapon chosen and of the profile of its usual ammunition.

L'embase 15 ouverte du porte-charge est réalisée de manière à admettre en toutes circonstances un opercule 18 (par exemple en papier) qui bouche le cylindre 14 destiné à admettre la quantité nécessaire et suffisante de poudre pour propulser le projectile. Dans l'exemple de réalisation décrit le porte-charge est en polyoléfines.The open base 15 of the load carrier is made so as to admit in all circumstances a cover 18 (for example made of paper) which covers the cylinder 14 intended to admit the necessary and sufficient quantity of powder to propel the projectile. In the embodiment described, the load carrier is made of polyolefins.

L'étui 19 est un élément cylindrique dont l'intérieur est creusé d'un alésage tronconique 20 surmontant un alésage cylindrique 21 de plus petit diamètre ; le culot de l'étui se termine, à la manière connue, par un bourrelet 22.The case 19 is a cylindrical element the interior of which is hollowed out with a frustoconical bore 20 surmounting a cylindrical bore 21 of smaller diameter; the base of the case ends, in the known manner, with a bead 22.

En examinant les figures 2 et 3 on remarque que le projectile 1 est susceptible de coiffer le porte-charge 8 dont la queue 12 (figure 2) ou le nez 9 (figure 3) pénètre à frottement dur dans l'alésage 5 dudit projectile et on constate que ce sont les renflements respectivement 13 et 10 qui portent contre les parois des alésages 5 et 21, ce qui assure au porte-charge une bonne contention dans le projectile et le culot de l'étui.By examining FIGS. 2 and 3, it can be seen that the projectile 1 is capable of covering the load carrier 8 whose tail 12 (FIG. 2) or nose 9 (FIG. 3) penetrates with hard friction into the bore 5 of said projectile and it can be seen that these are the bulges 13 and 10 respectively which bear against the walls of the bores 5 and 21, which ensures that the load carrier has good containment in the projectile and the base of the case.

Lorsque le porte-charge se trouve dans la position de la figure 2 son embase repose contre le fond plat de la partie pleine 2 du projectile, il est en position « de sécurité N, tandis que dans la figure 3 il est en position « projectile armé ».When the load carrier is in the position of FIG. 2, its base rests against the flat bottom of the solid part 2 of the projectile, it is in the "safety N " position, while in FIG. 3 it is in the "projectile" position. armed ”.

En associant un projectile 1 avec un porte-charge 8 comme décrit ci-dessus, on réalise une munition destinée à une arme à feu de poing ou d'épaule à chargement par la gueule, comme illustré par la figure 8 sur laquelle on peut remarquer que la munition, selon l'invention, constituée par le projectile 1 coiffant le porte-charge 8, se loge parfaitement dans la culasse fermée 23 dans laquelle elle est glissée par la gueule au moyen du piston-bourroir traditionnel 26 dont la forme concave épouse parfaitement la tête semi-sphérique 2 prévue à cet effet pour le projectile 1. On remarque également que la cheminée 24 de mise à feu est prévue de préférence avec une tête conique 25 dont la hauteur est suffisante pour que sous pression du piston-bourroir 26 de l'arme le cône entre à l'intérieur de la queue 12 du porte-charge après avoir déchiré l'opercule 18, ce qui met la tête 25 de la cheminée 24 en contact avec la poudre 27 contenue dans le porte-charge. La cheminée 24 peut avoir un support d'amorce conique ou à cuvette.By associating a projectile 1 with a load carrier 8 as described above, an ammunition intended for a handgun or shoulder gun loaded with a muzzle is produced, as illustrated in FIG. 8 in which one can note that the ammunition, according to the invention, constituted by the projectile 1 covering the load carrier 8, fits perfectly in the closed breech 23 in which it is slid by the mouth by means of the traditional tamping piston 26 whose concave shape perfectly fits the semi-spherical head 2 provided for this purpose for the projectile 1. It is also noted that the firing chimney 24 is preferably provided with a conical head 25 whose height is sufficient so that under pressure of the tamping piston 26 of the weapon the cone enters inside the tail 12 of the load carrier after having torn the lid 18, which puts the head 25 of the chimney 24 in contact with the powder 27 contained in the load carrier . The chimney 24 can have a conical or bowl-shaped primer support.

Au départ du coup de feu, le porte-charge 8 se rompt suivant la ligne de fracture 17, le nez 9 demeure associé au projectile qui est propulsé vers la cible en tournant sur lui-même de sorte qu'il entre en contact avec elle, en même temps par la calotte sphérique 2 et les dents de la couronne 4 qui découpent une pastille dans ladite cible ce qui permet d'enregistrer l'impact exact du coup. La queue 12 faisant corps avec la collerette 11 sort du canon de l'arme et est perdue.At the start of the shot, the load carrier 8 breaks along the fracture line 17, the nose 9 remains associated with the projectile which is propelled towards the target by turning on itself so that it comes into contact with it , at the same time by the spherical cap 2 and the teeth of the crown 4 which cut a pellet in said target which makes it possible to record the exact impact of the blow. The tail 12 integrating with the collar 11 leaves the barrel of the weapon and is lost.

Le projectile 1 peut être récupéré et réemployé une fois, il suffit de chasser le nez 9 restant bloqué dans l'alésage 5 dudit projectile en introduisant dans le trou 6 un outil convenable. On notera que le trou axial 6 joue également un rôle lors du tir en conférant une meilleure balistique aux projectiles tirés à faible distance.The projectile 1 can be recovered and reused once, it suffices to drive the nose 9 remaining blocked in the bore 5 of said projectile by introducing into the hole 6 a suitable tool. It will be noted that the axial hole 6 also plays a role during firing by imparting better ballistics to projectiles fired from a short distance.

Dans une application de l'invention au tir avec canons modèles réduits (figure 10), on équipe la queue 12 du porte-charge d'un porte-amorce prolongé 28, constitué par plusieurs griffes en matière plastique solidaires d'un cylindre s'emmanchant sur l'embase de la queue 12 du porte-charge ; cet accessoire est destiné à maintenir à distance nécessaire et suffisante de la lumière 29 la munition pour que sa mise à feu soit assurée en toutes circonstances. Dans le cas particulier de mise à feu par mèche 30, on introduit celle-ci coiffée d'une gélule 31 contenant éventuellement de la poudre d'amorce, par l'orifice 29 de mise à feu, laquelle gélule se trouve alors entre les griffes du porte-amorce et provoque la mise à feu par son explosion.In an application of the invention to shooting with model guns (FIG. 10), the tail 12 of the load carrier is equipped with an extended primer holder 28, constituted by several claws made of plastic material secured to a cylinder s' fitting onto the base of the tail 12 of the load carrier; this accessory is intended to maintain the necessary and sufficient distance from the light 29 the ammunition so that its ignition is ensured in all circumstances. In the particular case of firing by wick 30, the latter is introduced wearing a capsule 31 possibly containing primer powder, through the firing orifice 29, which capsule is then located between the claws of the primer holder and causes ignition by its explosion.

Sur les figures 4 et 5 on voit comment on associe l'étui 19 à l'ensemble projectile et porte-charge qui s'emboîtent dans l'alésage tronconique 20, la collerette 11 supportant le projectile pénétrant avec l'embase 7 de ce dernier jusqu'à l'étranglement conique, la queue 12 ou le nez 9 du porte-charge étant entré à frottement dur dans l'alésage cylindrique 21 du culot de l'étui 19. Sur la figure 4 l'ensemble est en position « de sécurité-, tandis que sur la figure 5 il est en position « projectile armé".In FIGS. 4 and 5 we see how the case 19 is associated with the projectile and load carrier assembly which fit into the frustoconical bore 20, the flange 11 supporting the projectile penetrating with the base 7 of the latter up to the conical throttle, the tail 12 or the nose 9 of the load carrier having entered with hard friction in the cylindrical bore 21 of the base of the case 19. In FIG. 4 the assembly is in position "of security-, while in FIG. 5 it is in the “armed projectile” position.

En associant à l'ensemble projectile et porte-charge l'étui 19 montré en bas de la figure 1 et en équipant l'embase 15 de la queue 12 du porte-charge d'une amorce 34 on obtient une cartouche (figure 5) destinée à une arme à feu à chargement par la culasse telle que représentée figure 9, le bourrelet 22 venant en butée contre l'ouverture de la culasse 23.By associating with the projectile and charge-carrier assembly the case 19 shown at the bottom of FIG. 1 and by equipping the base 15 of the tail 12 of the charge-carrier with a primer 34, a cartridge is obtained (FIG. 5) intended for a breech-loading firearm as shown in FIG. 9, the bead 22 abutting against the opening of the breech 23.

Lorsqu'on remplace l'étui 19 par un étui long et droit du genre de celui 32 montré figure 6 ou du genre de celui à collet rétreint 33 montré figure 7. on obtient une cartouche destinée à un fusil à chargement par la culasse pour tirs réduits en salon.When the holster 19 is replaced by a long straight holster like the one shown in Figure 6 or the kind with the narrow neck 33 shown in Figure 7. We get a cartridge for a breech-loading rifle for shooting reduced in living room.

Sur ces figures 6 et 7 on remarque que l'embase 15 de la queue 12 du porte-charge est munie d'une amorce 34 emmanchée à force et en contact étroit avec l'opercule 18 qui retient la poudre 27 occupant l'alésage 14 du porte-charge. La collerette 11 de ce dernier peut être creuse et complémentairement remplie de poudre lorsque jugé nécessaire.In these Figures 6 and 7 we note that the base 15 of the tail 12 of the load carrier is provided with a primer 34 force fitted and in close contact with the cover 18 which retains the powder 27 occupying the bore 14 of the load carrier. The collar 11 of the latter can be hollow and additionally filled with powder when deemed necessary.

L'étui long et droit 32 comporte deux sertissages 35 et 36 destinés à retenir intérieurement un mandrin guide 37 au travers duquel coulisse, coaxialement, un prolongateur métallique de percussion 38 dont la longueur est suffisante pour que le porte-charge 8 avec son projectile 1 entrés de force dans le collet de l'étui soit percuté avec précision. Le prolongateur possède côté culot de l'étui une collerette 39 reposant, par l'intermédiaire d'une rondelle d'étanchéité aux gaz 40 réalisée de préférence dans un élastomère, sur une enclume 41 recevant le choc de percussion de l'arme. Le prolongateur transmet ce choc à un pointeau 42 destiné à percuter l'amorce 34 équipant le porte-charge. Le prolongateur est rappelé par un ressort 43 prenant appui par une extrémité contre la collerette 39 dudit prolongateur et par son autre extrémité contre le mandrin guide 37.The long and straight case 32 includes two crimps 35 and 36 intended to internally retain a guide mandrel 37 through which slides, coaxially, a metallic percussion extension 38 whose length is sufficient for the load carrier 8 with its projectile 1 Forced into the collar of the case is struck with precision. The extender has on the base side of the case a collar 39 resting, by means of a gas-tight washer 40 preferably produced in an elastomer, on an anvil 41 receiving the impact shock of the weapon. The extender transmits this shock to a needle 42 intended to strike the primer 34 equipping the load carrier. The extension is recalled by a spring 43 bearing at one end against the flange 39 of said extension and by its other end against the guide mandrel 37.

Dans le cas de l'étui long à collet rétreint de la figure 7 on retrouve les mêmes éléments du prolongateur 38, mais la chambre 44 du ressort 43 et/ou le mandrin guide 37 peuvent être réalisés par surmoulage plastique de l'étui si ce dernier est en métal ou directement par moulage plastique.In the case of the long necked neck case of FIG. 7, the same elements of the extension 38 are found, but the chamber 44 of the spring 43 and / or the guide mandrel 37 can be produced by plastic overmolding of the case if this the latter is made of metal or directly by plastic molding.

Pour ces deux modèles d'étuis le logement de l'enclume 41 ne permet pas l'adaptation d'une amorce car il est supérieur au diamètre desdites amorces commercialisées.For these two models of cases, the housing of the anvil 41 does not allow the adaptation of a primer because it is greater than the diameter of said primers sold.

Toutes modifications de détails utiles peuvent être apportées à la réalisation de l'invention sans pour autant en déborder le cadre, notamment on peut envisager un porte-charge et un projectile à emboîtement par encoches et oreilles.Any modifications of useful details can be made to the realization of the invention without however going beyond the framework, in particular one can envisage a load carrier and a projectile with interlocking by notches and ears.

Claims (10)

1. General purpose safety ammunition, made from a plastic material, for the reduced inoffensive firing of individual, hand-held or shoulder- held firearms, ancient or modern, characterized by the fact that it comprises, in combination, a charge-holder (8) at the end of which is fitted a projectile (1) and short (19) or long (32) case, so that by associating a projectile (1) and a charge-holder (8) ammunition is provided for use in all muzzle-loading weapons, or that by associating a projectile (1), a charge-holder (8) and a short (19) or long (32) case a cartridge is provided usable in all breach-loading weapons or that by associating the projectile (1), a charge-holder (8) and an extended deck-meter holder (28) ammunition is provided usable for model gun repertories.
2. Ammunition according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the projectile (1) is a hollow cylindrical body made from a plastic material, notably polystyrene, ending at the upper end with a hemispherical solid part (2) pierced with an axial hole (6) and surrounded by a toothed ring (4) extending the sides of the cylinder to which it is connected by a groove (3) whereas a bore (5) extends over about two-thirds of the body of said projectile and a fitting zone (7) slightly reduces the outer diameter of its base.
3. Ammunition according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that the charge-holder (8) is a small tubular recess container made from plastic material, more especially polyolefines, forming a conical nose (9), comprising a uniform swelling (10), a solid or hollow median collar (11) and a tail end (12) comprising a swelling (13) the same diameter as the swelling (10) and corresponding to the diameter of the bore (5) of the projectile which may alternately cover the tail end (12) and the nose (9) so as to correspond respectively to the two so-called « safety and « cocked projectile positions; said charge-holder being formed with a circular groove (17), situated preferably above the collar (11) and intended to form a breakage line.
4. Ammunition according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the inner bore (14) of the charge-holder has a diameter slightly greater at the level of the base (15) of the tail end (12) so as to admit a cover (18) retaining the retaining the powder (27), whereas a slight input chamfer and a slit (16) allow forced engagement of a debt-meter In the said base.
5. Ammunition according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the plastic material case (19) is cylindrical, and formed with an internal truncated cone sheet bore (20) provided above a cylindrical bore (21) of smaller diameter and that the largest diameter of the bore (20) corresponds to the fitting diameter of the base (7) of the projectile (1) which fits thereon, whereas the swelling (10) of the nose (9) charge-holder or the swelling (13) of the tail end (12) of said charge-holder fits into the bore (21).
6. Ammunition according to claims 1 and 5, characterized by the fact that the case (19) may be replaced by a long and straight case (32) or having a hammered collar (33) equipped with a percussion extension (38) guided by a mandrail (37) crimped at (35) (36) or molded integrally therewith and returned by a spring (43) imprisoned between the mandrail (37) and a collar (39) of said extension which rests, through a sealing washer (40), on an anvil (41) whereas the upper end of said extension (38) ends in a punch (42).
7. Ammunition according to claims 1, 3 and 4, characterized by the fact that the extended detonator called (28) is formed by a plurality of claws made from plastic material and integral with a cylinder fitting onto the base (15) of the tail end (12) of the charge-holder (8) so as to hold the ammunition at a required and sufficient distance from the firing aperture (29) ; firing may be provided by means of a fuse (30) cupped or not with a priming powder capsule (31).
8. Ammunition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the projectile (1) and the charge-holder (8) may have a notch end type fitting.
9. Ammunition according to claims 1, 5 and 6 characterized by the fact that the base of the cases (19) (32) and (33), has a shoulderless bore with a diameter such that its transformation into an offensive bullet cartridge is impossible.
10. Ammunition according to claims 1, 3 and 4, characterized by the fact that for a better use of said ammunition for muzzle loading weapons, the conventional flat-bottomed chimney on the breach side is replaced by a chimney (24) with a conical head (25) penetrating into the base (15) of the tail end (12) of the charge-holder while piercing the cover (18) which retains the powder (27) in the bore (14).
EP80420099A 1979-08-10 1980-08-05 Safety ammunition for shooting at fairs or in galleries Expired EP0025000B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7920917A FR2463381B1 (en) 1979-08-10 1979-08-10 SAFETY AMMUNITION FOR SHOOTING OR FAIR SHOOTING
FR7920917 1979-08-10

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EP0025000A1 EP0025000A1 (en) 1981-03-11
EP0025000B1 true EP0025000B1 (en) 1983-07-13

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EP80420099A Expired EP0025000B1 (en) 1979-08-10 1980-08-05 Safety ammunition for shooting at fairs or in galleries

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US (1) US4391199A (en)
EP (1) EP0025000B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE4145T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3064129D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2463381B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4391199A (en) 1983-07-05
DE3064129D1 (en) 1983-08-18
FR2463381B1 (en) 1985-10-25
EP0025000A1 (en) 1981-03-11
ATE4145T1 (en) 1983-07-15
FR2463381A1 (en) 1981-02-20

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