EP0022175A1 - Electrophotographic copier with variable original document to image size ratio - Google Patents
Electrophotographic copier with variable original document to image size ratio Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0022175A1 EP0022175A1 EP80103074A EP80103074A EP0022175A1 EP 0022175 A1 EP0022175 A1 EP 0022175A1 EP 80103074 A EP80103074 A EP 80103074A EP 80103074 A EP80103074 A EP 80103074A EP 0022175 A1 EP0022175 A1 EP 0022175A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
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- image
- light
- electrophotographic copier
- document
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/04—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for exposing, i.e. imagewise exposure by optically projecting the original image on a photoconductive recording material
- G03G15/041—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for exposing, i.e. imagewise exposure by optically projecting the original image on a photoconductive recording material with variable magnification
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to electrophotographic copiers with variable original document to image size ratios.
- One particularly desirable feature which has been introduced with commercial electrostatic copiers is the capability of varying the object image so that the copied image is varied in size with respect to the object image.
- the advent of copiers capable of this function required the solution of several problems, i.e., those particularly caused by changes induced as a result of the changes in the optical configuration required to reduce the image. While the solution of these problems in a laboratory environment may be trivial, the constraints imposed by practical manufacture of these devices made the solution to these problems more difficult.
- the commercial device had to exhibit the same image sharpness and consistency of image intensity for all ratios of document and image sizes with desirably little or no increase in equipment size, cost or maintenance difficulty.
- the copied image produced by a copier is uniform in intensity, and the achievement of this requires careful design. Even if one assumed uniform object illumination (which is usally not actually the case due to size limitations), the presence of a lens in the optical path results in image intensity reduction for that portion of the image passed off the lens or optical centre line, i.e., so-called cos4 losses. In the prior art, solutions to this difficulty have been achieved by shaping the object illumination so as to compensate for the image intensity falloff, and similar shaping has been used to compensate for otherwise uneven object illumination.
- the centre line is not changed, i.e., the objects are centre-referenced; obviously, this causes no additional difficulties.
- the objects to be copied are corner referenced, and as a result, as the object to be copied increases in size, and the ratio is correspondingly changed, the centre line moves or changes in position relative to centre line of a smaller object to be copied.
- this "corner- referencing" serves to increase the difficulties associated with cos4 losses and drum curvature distortions, since more of the image to be reproduced falls in the edge areas whose intensity would be reduced absent some special attention.
- U.S. Patent Specification No. 4,057,342 This discloses a copying system with a pair of apertures located in the optical path and capable of operating in a base mode and a reduction mode.
- the patentee recognized that additional reduction modes could be employed and, while image intensity variations would occur, the exposure system would provide a degree of correction.
- the patentee also indicates, however, that a slit appropriate for a base mode or non-reduction mode of operation would probably not be adequate for reduction mode of operation and correspondingly, a slit provided for uniform illumination in a reduction mode of operation would not provide proper operation in a base of non-reduction mode or in a different reduction mode.
- an electrophotographic copier comprising an exposure station including a platen for supporting an original document to be copied, an illumination source adapted to produce a line of light and to direct it towards the platen to scan a document thereon and an optical system adapted to direct a line of light reflect from a document on the platen on to an imaging element said optical system including a lens for focussing the reflected light on to the imaging element and mounted for movement relative to the imaging element to effect variation of the ratio of original document to image size on the imaging element, characterised by a mask positioned adjacent the platen and having a field stop aperture therein to receive and pass reflected light to said optical system, said aperture having a length substantially equal to that of the reflected line of light and a width profile configured to minimise image intensity variations caused by changes in said ratio and to correct for lens cos4 losses.
- FIG. 1 A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in connection with an essentially continuously variable reducing copying machine which can be of the type shown in Figure 1, and in more detail in U.K. Patent Specification No. 152518.
- a transparent platen or document support 50 is arranged to support a document to be copied. Illumination for the copying process is-provided by the lamp 40, and reflectors 41, 44 are provided to reflect the illumination to impinge on the support 50.
- the source 40, the elliptical reflector 41 and the dichroic reflector 44 are arranged so that the illumination on the platen describes a focused line of light 45. Light reflected by the object to be copied, is directed to a mirror 46, and from thence to mirrors 47-48.
- Illumination reflected from the mirror 48 passes through a lens 9, is reflected by a further mirror 49, passes through a slit 51 in a wall 52 of the machine and impinges on the surface of a drum 13.
- the image produced by the line of light 45 is reproduced on the surface of the drum 13 as a line of light 45'.
- a first carriage supporting the light source 40, reflector 41 and mirrors 44, 46 and a second carriage supporting the mirrors 47-48 are moved parallel to the longer dimension of the platen 50. As the carriages are so moved, the line of light 45 scans the document to be copied and produces a corresponding image thereon on the surface of the drum 13, as that drum rotates.
- a latent image of the object to be copied is produced on the drum 13, and this latent image is developed and the developed image later transferred to the copy paper so that the image which the object bears is reproduced on the copy paper.
- the electrophotographic copying machine shown in Figure 1 achieves a unique reduction ratio, and thus, the machine is capable of a range of reduction ratios or reduction modes within the range of movement of the lens 9.
- the machine is capable of reducing modes in the range l:l to 1:0.647.
- Figure 2 illustrates the illumination source including lamp 40, reflectors 41 and 44, in relation to the platen 50 and an image-bearing object 50' whose image is desired to be copied.
- the illumination from the illumination source is reflected by the document in accordance with the image on the document 50', and is coupled through the lens 9 to be focused on the surface of the drum 13. If we assume that the distance along the optical centre line of the lens 9 from the object to the lens is equal to the distance from the lens to the surface of the drum 13, then the image at the drum 13 will be of the same size as is the image on the object 50', i.e., no reduction will be produced. With most practical illumination sources, the distribution of object light intensity is non-uniform. A typical profile is reproduced by the curve 52 in Figure 2.
- 1/S' 1/S + 1/f
- s' mS
- m magnification or reduction mode
- f focal length of the lens.
- S' f(m + 1) and therefore, the irradiance H equals in units of watts per square centimetre, indicating that the irradiance varies in accordance with reduction mode m.
- a mask 25, acting as a field stop, is located to limit the reflection from the object 50' to a width h 0 .
- exposure energy density (joules per cm 2 ) is the quantity of interest, and that is merely the irradiance multipled by the exposure time.
- the exposure time is the height h. i of the illuminated image area divided by the drum tangential velocity v.
- h. mh o .
- E the exposure energy density
- the energy exposure density can be written as
- the exposure energy density ratio E 1 /E 2 is equal to m 1 .
- this expression indicates a change in energy exposure density of about 5%, which is an acceptable variation.
- the preceding discussion is applicable only along the centre line, and does not treat edge effects or reduction in intensity off the optical centre line.
- the image illumination E i is equal to TBWcos 4 ⁇ , where T is a function of the lens (and any mirror) transmittance and B is the object brightness, and ⁇ is the angle between the image position and the lens centre line, and W (omega) is the solid angle subtended by the lens aperture to a given point in the image.
- K K A x K i11 , where K is the brightness coefficient which is variable, K A is the aperture width ratio and Kill is the object illumination intensity ratio.
- E. TWK A K i11 B o cos 4 ⁇ .
- Figure 4 is the object illumination profile for a practical illumination package. It can be seen that, for example, the illumination changes by a factor of more than two to one from the reference edge across the object width.
- Table I reproduced below illustrates object illumination as a function of image position or distance from the reference edge, with the first two columns of Table I merely reproducing the information shown in Figure 4.
- the third column illustrates relative illumination, K i11 , normalized to the reference edge.
- the next column corrects for cos 4 losses by multiplying the factor Kill by cos4 of the appropriate angle, depending upon image position.
- the factor K A is the reciprocal of that product.
- the last column shows the aperture width which is obtained by starting with an aperture width, for example, 10 m.m., and dividing that quantity by the associated factor K A to determine a given factor, in this example, 9.017, that is used to multiply all K A factors to obtain related widths along the aperture.
- Figure 5 shows a field stop mask including an aperture having a configuration, from the reference edge up to 400 m.m. therefrom, which conforms to the width dimensions shown in Table 1.
- the chosen starting aperture width is selected to provide a consistent field angle for all ratios of the object to image size to be employed as explained above with reference to Figure 3.
- the K A values correct for cos 4 ⁇ losses when the lens remains on a constant axis. If, however, the lens axis is changed for different reduction modes, then the cos40 values will also change somewhat.
- the illumination package with the Figure 4 profile it was found that the calculated aperture size from the reference edge up to 400m.m. provided substantially even illumination throughout the reduction range. However, for 225 m.m. from the reference edge and greater, the calculated sizes had to be determined empirically to obtain good results throughout the reduction range.
- the mask In the machine shown in Figure 1, the mask must be mounted to avoid the illuminating rays from source 40, via mirror 40, towards the document glass, and to intercept the reflected light passing between the document glass and mirror 46. It must, therefore, be mounted for movement with mirrors 44 and 46 in a direction along the document glass.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Exposure Or Original Feeding In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Light Sources And Details Of Projection-Printing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention is directed to electrophotographic copiers with variable original document to image size ratios.
- One particularly desirable feature which has been introduced with commercial electrostatic copiers is the capability of varying the object image so that the copied image is varied in size with respect to the object image. The advent of copiers capable of this function required the solution of several problems, i.e., those particularly caused by changes induced as a result of the changes in the optical configuration required to reduce the image. While the solution of these problems in a laboratory environment may be trivial, the constraints imposed by practical manufacture of these devices made the solution to these problems more difficult. In particular, the commercial device had to exhibit the same image sharpness and consistency of image intensity for all ratios of document and image sizes with desirably little or no increase in equipment size, cost or maintenance difficulty.
- While a copier capable of varying an image satisfies more of the users' need than a machine which is not so capable, it is also desirable to increase the number of ratios and finally to provide for continuously variation of ratios within some specified range of ratios. As the number of ratios is increased until it becomes essentially continuous, the number of optical problems to be solved increases, and with the constraints imposed on commercial devices, the difficulty in solving these problems increases.
- Desirably, the copied image produced by a copier is uniform in intensity, and the achievement of this requires careful design. Even if one assumed uniform object illumination (which is usally not actually the case due to size limitations), the presence of a lens in the optical path results in image intensity reduction for that portion of the image passed off the lens or optical centre line, i.e., so-called cos4 losses. In the prior art, solutions to this difficulty have been achieved by shaping the object illumination so as to compensate for the image intensity falloff, and similar shaping has been used to compensate for otherwise uneven object illumination.
- However, the introduction of a reduction capability caused further variations in the image intensity since, as reduction is introduced, image intensity at the image plane increases. The variations in intensity in a machine which included a single reduction mode (i.e., a reduction ratio other than 1) had been compensated for in the prior art by adding an aperture only in the reduction mode to limit image intensity in that mode. This aperture, mask or light stop, could theoretically be located either adjacent the image plane or adjacent the object plane, and in the case of its location near the object plane, it could be located between the source of illumination and the object or between the object and the lens.
- A further complication arises in some machines which are capable of variable ratio copying by reason of the relationship between the centre line of objects of different sizes. In one group of machines, the centre line is not changed, i.e., the objects are centre-referenced; obviously, this causes no additional difficulties. However, in another group of machines, the objects to be copied are corner referenced, and as a result, as the object to be copied increases in size, and the ratio is correspondingly changed, the centre line moves or changes in position relative to centre line of a smaller object to be copied. this "corner- referencing" serves to increase the difficulties associated with cos4 losses and drum curvature distortions, since more of the image to be reproduced falls in the edge areas whose intensity would be reduced absent some special attention.
- In machines capable of a given small number of ratios, image intensity variations, in the prior art, were handled by arranging the illumination in a base mode to be relatively uniform, and then substituting a different mask, light stop or aperture, for each different mode to maintain the uniformity of intensity. However, as can be realized, when the number of ratios is increased to such a point that they become essentially continuous the requirement to provide different masks, light stops or apertures, for each ratio, renders the system unmanageable in terms of equipment size, cost or maintainability.
- A system capable of achieving some of these goals is shown in U.S. Patent Specification No. 4,057,342. This discloses a copying system with a pair of apertures located in the optical path and capable of operating in a base mode and a reduction mode. The patentee recognized that additional reduction modes could be employed and, while image intensity variations would occur, the exposure system would provide a degree of correction. The patentee also indicates, however, that a slit appropriate for a base mode or non-reduction mode of operation would probably not be adequate for reduction mode of operation and correspondingly, a slit provided for uniform illumination in a reduction mode of operation would not provide proper operation in a base of non-reduction mode or in a different reduction mode.
- According to the present invention, there is provided an electrophotographic copier comprising an exposure station including a platen for supporting an original document to be copied, an illumination source adapted to produce a line of light and to direct it towards the platen to scan a document thereon and an optical system adapted to direct a line of light reflect from a document on the platen on to an imaging element said optical system including a lens for focussing the reflected light on to the imaging element and mounted for movement relative to the imaging element to effect variation of the ratio of original document to image size on the imaging element, characterised by a mask positioned adjacent the platen and having a field stop aperture therein to receive and pass reflected light to said optical system, said aperture having a length substantially equal to that of the reflected line of light and a width profile configured to minimise image intensity variations caused by changes in said ratio and to correct for lens cos4 losses.
- The invention will now be described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-
- Figure 1 shows an electrostatic copier, broken away to show essential components;
- Figures 2 and 3 illustrate the optical path of the Figure 1 copier and the relation of several parameters related thereto;
- Figure 4 is a typical illumination profile at the object plane; and
- Figure 5 is a plan view of a mask employed to limit image intensity variations.
- A preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in connection with an essentially continuously variable reducing copying machine which can be of the type shown in Figure 1, and in more detail in U.K. Patent Specification No. 152518. In that machine, a transparent platen or
document support 50 is arranged to support a document to be copied. Illumination for the copying process is-provided by thelamp 40, andreflectors support 50. Thesource 40, theelliptical reflector 41 and thedichroic reflector 44 are arranged so that the illumination on the platen describes a focused line of light 45. Light reflected by the object to be copied, is directed to a mirror 46, and from thence to mirrors 47-48. Illumination reflected from themirror 48 passes through alens 9, is reflected by afurther mirror 49, passes through aslit 51 in awall 52 of the machine and impinges on the surface of adrum 13. Thus, the image produced by the line of light 45 is reproduced on the surface of thedrum 13 as a line of light 45'. In order to reproduce the image of an entire document, a first carriage supporting thelight source 40,reflector 41 andmirrors 44, 46 and a second carriage supporting the mirrors 47-48 are moved parallel to the longer dimension of theplaten 50. As the carriages are so moved, the line of light 45 scans the document to be copied and produces a corresponding image thereon on the surface of thedrum 13, as that drum rotates. - As is well known to those skilled in the art, a latent image of the object to be copied is produced on the
drum 13, and this latent image is developed and the developed image later transferred to the copy paper so that the image which the object bears is reproduced on the copy paper. - As is disclosed in the aforementioned U.K. Patent Specification No. 1525218, reduction is achieved by selectively positioning the
lens 9 and appropriately controlling the scanning of the first and second carriages in conjunction with the motion of thedrum 13. The apparatus to position thelens 9 is shown in Figure 1 as amotor 15 operated underoperator control 16. Motion of the first and second carriages is controlled by amotor 10 under the control of control apparatus 11. - For each discrete position of the
lens 9 within its in operating range, the electrophotographic copying machine shown in Figure 1 achieves a unique reduction ratio, and thus, the machine is capable of a range of reduction ratios or reduction modes within the range of movement of thelens 9. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the machine is capable of reducing modes in the range l:l to 1:0.647. - The optical path of Figure 2 is useful in illustrating the problems which require solution. In figure 2, the optical path has been straightened; those skilled in the art will understand that the following discussion will apply not only to optical paths of the type shown in Figure 2, but will also apply to folded optical paths such as that shown in Figure 1.
- Figure 2 illustrates the illumination
source including lamp 40,reflectors platen 50 and an image-bearing object 50' whose image is desired to be copied. The illumination from the illumination source is reflected by the document in accordance with the image on the document 50', and is coupled through thelens 9 to be focused on the surface of thedrum 13. If we assume that the distance along the optical centre line of thelens 9 from the object to the lens is equal to the distance from the lens to the surface of thedrum 13, then the image at thedrum 13 will be of the same size as is the image on the object 50', i.e., no reduction will be produced. With most practical illumination sources, the distribution of object light intensity is non-uniform. A typical profile is reproduced by thecurve 52 in Figure 2. An incremental area ofcurve 52 labelled A will be "seen" by a incremental area on thedrum 13. As the relative position of the illumination source and object 50' are changed during the scan, so the image produced at the surface of thedrum 13 changes, and as thedrum 13 rotates, this change produces on drum 13 a latent image of the entire document. - As explained in connection with Figure 1, reduction is achieved by repositioning the
lens 9, so that for a particular reduction mode, thelens 9 will be located at the position 9'. This has the effect of increasing the effective illuminated area viewed by the drum from the portion A to the oortion A' which increases the image intensity at thedrum 13, as compared with the intensity that would have been produced at thedrum 13 had the lens been in theposition 9. As a result, image intensity will be related to reduction mode, directly contrary to the desired goal of relatively constant image intensity regardless of reduction mode. - In order to evaluate the extent of this image intensity variation, we can refer to Figure 3, which is similar to Figure 2 except that the illumination package has been eliminated as not being essential to this discussion. From the preceding discussion, it will be understood that the distances S and S' are varied in order to change the reduction mode. The irradiance produced at the plane of an image is given by H = TπNsin2θ' (watt cm. -2), where T is the system transmittance, N is the object radiance (in units of watt STER-1cm.-2), and θ' is the half angle subtended by the exit pupil of the optical system from the image. For small angles, sin θ', approximates to R/S'. In addition, 1/S' = 1/S + 1/f, and s' = mS where m is the magnification or reduction mode and f is the focal length of the lens. We can also write S' = f(m + 1) and therefore, the irradiance H equals
mask 25, acting as a field stop, is located to limit the reflection from the object 50' to a width h0. - Other problems corrected by this mask are those caused when a flat object plane is imaged onto a curved surface, i.e., the photoconductor drum. One effect is velocity smear, where the image-plane component of the drum tangential velocity vector is less in magnitude than the image velocity vector. Another is an "edge effect" called elliptical side smear wherein a point of the object plane is not imaged continuously during exposure on the same point on the drum. Both these effects are overcome by providing a sufficiently narrow image height, h., controlled, in turn, by the height, h , of the object aperture.
- In a copier, exposure energy density (joules per cm2) is the quantity of interest, and that is merely the irradiance multipled by the exposure time. The exposure time is the height h. i of the illuminated image area divided by the drum tangential velocity v. However, for paraxial optics, we can write h. = mho. Thus, we can write that E (the exposure energy density) equals
aperture 25. -
- For two different reduction modes, the exposure energy density ratio E1/E2 is equal to m1
- In general we can write that the image illumination Ei is equal to TBWcos4φ, where T is a function of the lens (and any mirror) transmittance and B is the object brightness, and φ is the angle between the image position and the lens centre line, and W (omega) is the solid angle subtended by the lens aperture to a given point in the image.
- The average object brightness is a function of the light energy distribution illuminating the object and the attenuation of this light due, for example, to the
aperture 25 referred to above. That is, B = KB , where B is the object brightness. Therefore, E. = TWKBocos4φ. However, we can write K = KA x Ki11, where K is the brightness coefficient which is variable, KA is the aperture width ratio and Kill is the object illumination intensity ratio. Thus, we can write that E.= TWKAKi11Bo cos4φ. - In order to ensure that E. is a constant across the image plane, we set KA = 1/Ki11 cos4φ.
- Accordingly, by employing the fixed aperture of aperture width ratio KA we can reduce image intensity variations as a function of reduction mode, cos4φ, and object illumination variations.
- A practical copying machine will not have an object illumination footprint which is constant across the object, and therefore, the aperture width ratio must also reflect shaping to reduce intensity variations as a result of object illumination variation caused by the particular illumination package employed. For example, Figure 4 is the object illumination profile for a practical illumination package. It can be seen that, for example, the illumination changes by a factor of more than two to one from the reference edge across the object width.
- Table I reproduced below illustrates object illumination as a function of image position or distance from the reference edge, with the first two columns of Table I merely reproducing the information shown in Figure 4. The third column illustrates relative illumination, Ki11, normalized to the reference edge. The next column corrects for
cos 4 losses by multiplying the factor Kill by cos4 of the appropriate angle, depending upon image position. The factor KA is the reciprocal of that product. - Finally, the last column shows the aperture width which is obtained by starting with an aperture width, for example, 10 m.m., and dividing that quantity by the associated factor KA to determine a given factor, in this example, 9.017, that is used to multiply all KA factors to obtain related widths along the aperture.
- Figure 5 shows a field stop mask including an aperture having a configuration, from the reference edge up to 400 m.m. therefrom, which conforms to the width dimensions shown in Table 1. The chosen starting aperture width is selected to provide a consistent field angle for all ratios of the object to image size to be employed as explained above with reference to Figure 3. The KA values correct for cos4 φ losses when the lens remains on a constant axis. If, however, the lens axis is changed for different reduction modes, then the cos40 values will also change somewhat. With the illumination package with the Figure 4 profile, it was found that the calculated aperture size from the reference edge up to 400m.m. provided substantially even illumination throughout the reduction range. However, for 225 m.m. from the reference edge and greater, the calculated sizes had to be determined empirically to obtain good results throughout the reduction range. These determinations resulted in the following values:
- 225 m.m. from reference edge: 7.01 m.m.
- 250 m.m. from reference edge: 9.5 m.m.
- 275 m.m. from reference edge: 11.25 m.m.
- 300 m.m. from reference edge: 14.94 m.m.
- These are the values shown in Figure 5.
- In the machine shown in Figure 1, the mask must be mounted to avoid the illuminating rays from
source 40, viamirror 40, towards the document glass, and to intercept the reflected light passing between the document glass and mirror 46. It must, therefore, be mounted for movement withmirrors 44 and 46 in a direction along the document glass.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US5084979A | 1979-06-21 | 1979-06-21 | |
US50849 | 1979-06-21 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0022175A1 true EP0022175A1 (en) | 1981-01-14 |
EP0022175B1 EP0022175B1 (en) | 1983-04-13 |
EP0022175B2 EP0022175B2 (en) | 1985-10-09 |
Family
ID=21967863
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19800103074 Expired EP0022175B2 (en) | 1979-06-21 | 1980-06-03 | Electrophotographic copier with variable original document to image size ratio |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0022175B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3062716D1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2131197A (en) * | 1982-10-05 | 1984-06-13 | Canon Kk | Variable power projection system |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1097439A (en) * | 1954-03-29 | 1955-07-05 | Verrerie Scient | Improvements to machines for reproducing plans |
GB1079231A (en) * | 1963-10-14 | 1967-08-16 | Hall Harding Ltd | Improvements in or relating to photographic reproducing apparatus |
DE2129791A1 (en) * | 1970-06-23 | 1971-12-30 | Ibm | Lighting device for a template level, especially in a high-speed copier |
DE2154809A1 (en) * | 1970-11-20 | 1972-06-08 | Ibm | Device for optical scanning of the original in a copier |
DE2553665A1 (en) * | 1975-11-28 | 1977-06-08 | Agfa Gevaert Ag | OPTICAL COPY DEVICE |
US4057342A (en) * | 1976-05-27 | 1977-11-08 | Xerox Corporation | Illumination slit for a reproducing machine |
DE2738301A1 (en) * | 1976-09-07 | 1978-03-09 | Ibm | CONTINUOUSLY ADJUSTABLE OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR COPY DEVICES |
DE2842104A1 (en) * | 1977-09-27 | 1979-03-29 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | EXPOSURE DEVICE FOR AN ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC COPIER |
-
1980
- 1980-06-03 EP EP19800103074 patent/EP0022175B2/en not_active Expired
- 1980-06-03 DE DE8080103074T patent/DE3062716D1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1097439A (en) * | 1954-03-29 | 1955-07-05 | Verrerie Scient | Improvements to machines for reproducing plans |
GB1079231A (en) * | 1963-10-14 | 1967-08-16 | Hall Harding Ltd | Improvements in or relating to photographic reproducing apparatus |
DE2129791A1 (en) * | 1970-06-23 | 1971-12-30 | Ibm | Lighting device for a template level, especially in a high-speed copier |
DE2154809A1 (en) * | 1970-11-20 | 1972-06-08 | Ibm | Device for optical scanning of the original in a copier |
DE2553665A1 (en) * | 1975-11-28 | 1977-06-08 | Agfa Gevaert Ag | OPTICAL COPY DEVICE |
US4057342A (en) * | 1976-05-27 | 1977-11-08 | Xerox Corporation | Illumination slit for a reproducing machine |
DE2738301A1 (en) * | 1976-09-07 | 1978-03-09 | Ibm | CONTINUOUSLY ADJUSTABLE OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR COPY DEVICES |
DE2842104A1 (en) * | 1977-09-27 | 1979-03-29 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | EXPOSURE DEVICE FOR AN ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC COPIER |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
IBM TECHNICAL DISCLOSURE BULLETIN, Vol. 17, No. 4, September 1974, New York, G.L. SMITH "Variable-Aperture Stop for a Reciprocating Lens Copier Design", page 1111 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2131197A (en) * | 1982-10-05 | 1984-06-13 | Canon Kk | Variable power projection system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0022175B1 (en) | 1983-04-13 |
DE3062716D1 (en) | 1983-05-19 |
EP0022175B2 (en) | 1985-10-09 |
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