EP0021044B1 - Process for dyeing cellulose fibres and fibre blends containing cellulose fibres with reactive dyestuffs - Google Patents
Process for dyeing cellulose fibres and fibre blends containing cellulose fibres with reactive dyestuffs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0021044B1 EP0021044B1 EP80102818A EP80102818A EP0021044B1 EP 0021044 B1 EP0021044 B1 EP 0021044B1 EP 80102818 A EP80102818 A EP 80102818A EP 80102818 A EP80102818 A EP 80102818A EP 0021044 B1 EP0021044 B1 EP 0021044B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dyeing
- cellulose fibres
- dyestuffs
- process according
- reactive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/82—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
- D06P3/8204—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
- D06P3/8219—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and amide groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/58—Material containing hydroxyl groups
- D06P3/60—Natural or regenerated cellulose
- D06P3/66—Natural or regenerated cellulose using reactive dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/82—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
- D06P3/8204—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
- D06P3/8223—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and ester groups
- D06P3/8238—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and ester groups using different kinds of dye
- D06P3/8252—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and ester groups using different kinds of dye using dispersed and reactive dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/82—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres
- D06P3/8204—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature
- D06P3/8266—Textiles which contain different kinds of fibres fibres of different chemical nature mixtures of fibres containing hydroxyl and nitrile groups
Definitions
- the dyebath is first adjusted to pH 4.5-5 with 0.1-2 g / 1 sodium bisulfate and / or monosodium phosphate, and di- or trisodium phosphate is added continuously during the dyeing in order to achieve a pH value of around 6-6.5.
- the method is suitable in principle for all cellulose reactive dyes with an anionically removable reactive group, which are described in large numbers. It is very particularly suitable for dyes with dichlorotriazinyl, monochlorotriazinyl, monofluorotriazinyl, fluoropyrimidinyl, dichloroquinoxalinyl, methylsulfonylpyrimidinyl and vinylsulfonyl or sulfatoethylsulfonyl reactive groups.
- customary auxiliaries for example basic leveling agents such as are used in dyeing wool or polyacrylonitrile, can be added to the dye baths.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Description
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zum Färben von Textilien, die aus Cellulosefasern bestehen oder solche enthalten, mit Reaktivfarbstoffen mit anionisch abspaltbarer Reaktivgruppe nach dem Ausziehverfahren aus wäßrigen elektrolythaltigen Färbebädern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man im sauren Bereich in Gegenwart von Puffersubstanzen bei 90―130° C färbt.The invention relates to a process for dyeing textiles which consist of or contain cellulose fibers with reactive dyes with an anionically removable reactive group by the exhaust process from aqueous electrolyte-containing dye baths, characterized in that in the acidic range in the presence of buffer substances at 90-130 ° C colors.
Aus FR-A-1 512 655 ist ein Verfahren zum Färben von Cellulosefasern und Cellulose/Polyestermischfasern mit Reaktivfarbstoffen nach der Ausziehmethode bei Temperaturen über 100° C bekannt, wobei neben alkalischen Substanzen, Säuredonatoren, in Form halogenierter organischer Verbindungen eingesetzt werden.From FR-A-1 512 655 a process for dyeing cellulose fibers and cellulose / polyester mixed fibers with reactive dyes by the exhaust method at temperatures above 100 ° C is known, wherein in addition to alkaline substances, acid donors, in the form of halogenated organic compounds.
Gemäß FR-A-1 507 101 werden Cellulosefasern oder Cellulose/Polyestermischfasern mit Reaktivfarbstoffen bei Temperaturen über 95° C in Gegenwart von Alkalien und durch Hydrolyse-säureliefernden Polyphosphaten gefärbt.According to FR-A-1 507 101, cellulose fibers or cellulose / polyester mixed fibers are dyed with reactive dyes at temperatures above 95 ° C. in the presence of alkalis and by means of polyphosphates which provide hydrolysis acid.
Die Färbung in Gegenwart von Puffersubstanzen im sauren Medium wird durch keine der vorgenannten Schutzrechtsveröffentlichungen offenbart.The coloring in the presence of buffer substances in the acidic medium is not disclosed by any of the aforementioned property rights publications.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird insbesondere als Einbad-Einstufen-Verfahren durchgeführt und kann demzufolge beispielsweise auf Hochtemperatur-Pack- und Kreuzspulenapparaten, Jet-Färbemaschinen, Haspelkufen und Jiggern Verwendung finden.The method according to the invention is carried out in particular as a one-bath single-stage method and can therefore be used, for example, on high-temperature packing and cross-coil apparatus, jet dyeing machines, reel runners and jiggers.
Das Verfahren wird im allgemeinen folgendermaßen durchgeführt:
- Das Textilmaterial wird in ein Färbebad eingebracht, das einen pH-Wert von 3,5-6,8, vorzugsweise 4,5-6,5, aufweist, etwa 5-200 g/1 eines üblichen Elektrolyten, insbesondere Natriumsulfat enthält und 1-2 Stunden auf 90-130°C, vorzugsweise 110-130°C erhitzt, wobei darauf geachtet wird, daß während des gesamten Färbevorganges der oben genannte pH-Bereich eingehalten wird. Vorteilhafterweise geht man mit dem Fasermaterial in ein Färbebad ein, das eine Temperatur von mindestens 70° C aufweist.
- The textile material is introduced into a dyebath which has a pH of 3.5-6.8, preferably 4.5-6.5, contains about 5-200 g / 1 of a conventional electrolyte, in particular sodium sulfate, and 1- Heated to 90-130 ° C, preferably 110-130 ° C for 2 hours, care being taken to ensure that the abovementioned pH range is maintained during the entire dyeing process. The fiber material is advantageously used in a dyebath which has a temperature of at least 70 ° C.
Die pH-Einstellung kann dabei in verschiedener Weise erfolgen:
- 1. Einstellung des gewünschten pH-Wertes mit Säure und Puffersubstanzen in ausreichender Menge um während des gesamten Färbevorganges den gewünschten pH-Bereich einzuhalten. Besonders interessant ist diese Variante für HT-Apparate ohne Dosiereinrichtung im HT-Bereich.
- 2. Laufende pH-Korrektur durch Zusatz von Puffersubstanzen während des Färbevorganges.
- 1. Setting the desired pH value with acid and buffer substances in sufficient quantity to maintain the desired pH range during the entire dyeing process. This variant is particularly interesting for HT devices without a metering device in the HT area.
- 2. Continuous pH correction by adding buffer substances during the dyeing process.
Geeignete Puffersubstanzen sind beispielsweise Mono-, Di- und Trinatriumphosphat, Natriumbisulfat, Natriumacetat/Essigsäure und andere, die in der Literatur in großer Zahl beschrieben sind.Suitable buffer substances are, for example, mono-, di- and trisodium phosphate, sodium bisulfate, sodium acetate / acetic acid and others, which are described in large numbers in the literature.
Besonders bevorzugt ist folgende Arbeitsweise:
- Das elektrolytische Färbebad wird bei 25-80° C mit Schwefelsäure, Essigsäure, Phosphorsäure oder Natriumbisulfat auf pH-Werte von etwa 4,5-5 eingestellt, das Textilmaterial eingebracht und anschließend 0,1-10 g/1 Mono-, Di- oder Tri-natriumphosphat, Borax oder Natriumacetat zugesetzt, bis ein pH-Wert von etwa 6-6,5 eingestellt ist. Danach wird Farbstoff zugesetzt und gefärbt.
- The electrolytic dyebath is adjusted to pH 4.5-5 with sulfuric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid or sodium bisulfate at 25-80 ° C, the textile material is introduced and then 0.1-10 g / 1 mono-, di- or Trisodium phosphate, borax or sodium acetate are added until a pH of about 6-6.5 is set. Then dye is added and dyed.
Bei dem Verfahren mit pH-Korrektur wird das Färbebad zunächst mit 0,1-2 g/1 Natriumbisulfat und/oder Mononatriumphosphat auf pH 4,5-5 eingestellt und während des Färbens kontinuierlich Di- bzw. Trinatriumphosphat zugesetzt, um einen pH-Wert von etwa 6-6,5 einzuhalten.In the process with pH correction, the dyebath is first adjusted to pH 4.5-5 with 0.1-2 g / 1 sodium bisulfate and / or monosodium phosphate, and di- or trisodium phosphate is added continuously during the dyeing in order to achieve a pH value of around 6-6.5.
Die Färbebäder enthalten vorzugsweise 30-120 g/1 Elektrolyt, insbesondere Natriumsulfat.The dye baths preferably contain 30-120 g / 1 electrolyte, especially sodium sulfate.
Das Verfahren ist von besonderem Interesse für das einbadig-einstufige Färben von Cellulose-Polyester- bzw. -Polyamid- oder -Polyacrylnitril-Mischungen mit Mischungen von Reaktiv-und Dispersions- bzw. Säure- bzw. kationischen Farbstoffen.The process is of particular interest for the single-bath, single-stage dyeing of cellulose-polyester or polyamide or polyacrylonitrile mixtures with mixtures of reactive and dispersion or acid or cationic dyes.
Im Falle der Mischungen von Cellulose und Polyamid können auch beide Faserarten mit den Reaktivfarbstoffen Ton-in-Ton gefärbt werden.In the case of blends of cellulose and polyamide, both types of fibers can also be dyed with the reactive dyes tone-on-tone.
Das Verfahren eignet sich im Prinzip für alle Cellulose-Reaktivfarbstoffe mit anionisch abspaltbarer Reaktivgruppe, die in großer Zahl beschrieben sind. Es ist ganz besonders geeignet für Farbstoffe mit Dichlortriazinyl-, Monochlortriazinyl-, Monofluortriazinyl-, Fluorpyrimidinyl-, Dichlorchinoxalinyl-, Methylsulfonylpyrimidinyl- und Vinylsulfonyl- bzw. Sulfatoethylsulfonyl-Reaktivgruppe.The method is suitable in principle for all cellulose reactive dyes with an anionically removable reactive group, which are described in large numbers. It is very particularly suitable for dyes with dichlorotriazinyl, monochlorotriazinyl, monofluorotriazinyl, fluoropyrimidinyl, dichloroquinoxalinyl, methylsulfonylpyrimidinyl and vinylsulfonyl or sulfatoethylsulfonyl reactive groups.
Gegebenenfalls können den Farbbädern übliche Hilfsmittel, beispielsweise basische Egalisiermittel, wie sie beim Färben von Wolle oder Polyacrylnitril verwendet werden, zugesetzt werden.If necessary, customary auxiliaries, for example basic leveling agents such as are used in dyeing wool or polyacrylonitrile, can be added to the dye baths.
Besonders geeignete Verbindungen sind dabei die in den Belgischen Patentschriften 599 761, 686,619, 644 880, 717 693, den Deutschen Offenlegungsschriften 1 568 258, 1 469 657, 1 953069, 1 469 737, 2 430 853, 2 517 374, den Deutschen Auslegeschriften 1 258817, 1 258 821, 1 619 530, der Britischen Patentschrift 838 312, der Schweizer Auslegeschrift 12 274 und der österreichischen Patentschrift 206860 sowie in K. Lindner, Tenside - Textilhilfsmittel, Waschrohrstoffe, Band 111, Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Stuttgart, 1971, S. 2785-2787.Particularly suitable connections are those in the Belgian patents 599 761, 686.619, 644 880, 717 693, the German laid-open documents 1 568 258, 1 469 657, 1 953069, 1 469 737, 2 430 853, 2 517 374, the German interpretation documents 1 258817, 1 258 821, 1 619 530, British patent specification 838 312, Swiss patent specification 12 274 and Austrian patent specification 206860 as well as in K. Lindner, Tenside - Textilhilfsmittel, Waschrohrstoffe, Volume 111, Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Stuttgart, 1971, Pp. 2785-2787.
Das Verfahren liefert ohne die übliche Alkalifixierung gut durchgefärbte, egale Färbungen.Without the usual alkali fixation, the process provides well-colored, level dyeings.
100 Teile eines Rayongarnes in Form eines Spinnkuchens werden in einen HT-Garnfärbeapparat eingefahren, welcher eine 85° C warme Flotte enthält, die aus
Die Durchströmung der Wickelkörper erfolgt jeweils 8 Minuten von innen nach außen und 8 Minuten von außen nach innen. Der sich einstellende pH-Wert liegt zwischen 4,5 und 5. Anschließend wird die Flotte in 25 Minuten auf 110°C erhitzt und mittels einer Zusatzpumpe während 2 Stunden die im Ansatzgefäß vorgelöste Menge von 2,25 Teilen Trinatriumphosphat langsam eingepumpt, so daß sich in der Färbeflotte ein pH-Wert von 6,2-6,8 einstellt und während des gesamten Färbeprozesses erhalten bleibt.The flow through the winding body is 8 minutes from the inside out and 8 minutes from the outside in. The resulting pH is between 4.5 and 5. The liquor is then heated to 110 ° C. in 25 minutes and the quantity of 2.25 parts of trisodium phosphate dissolved in the batch vessel is slowly pumped in by means of an additional pump for 2 hours, so that sets a pH of 6.2-6.8 in the dyeing liquor and is maintained throughout the dyeing process.
Nach der zweistündigen Färbebehandlung bei 110°C wird auf 80°C abgekühlt und die Flotte abgelassen. Nach zweimaligem Spülen mit 80°C warmem Wasser wird aufgefüllt und 15 Minuten nachbehandelt. Man erhält vollkommen gleichmäßig durchgefärbte tiefrote Spinnkuchen mit hervorragenden Echtheitseigenschaften. Ähnlich gute Ergebnisse erhält man bei Verwendung der Farbstoffe li-V.After the two-hour dyeing treatment at 110 ° C., the mixture is cooled to 80 ° C. and the liquor is drained off. After rinsing twice with water at 80 ° C., the mixture is topped up and treated for 15 minutes. Deep red spinning cakes with excellent fastness properties are completely uniformly colored. Similar good results are obtained when using the li-V dyes.
100 Teile einer mercerisierten Wirkware werden auf einer HT-Haspelkufe in einer 95° warmen Flotte bewegt, die
Die Flotte wird auf 115°C gebracht und zwei Stunden bei dieser Temperatur unter guter Flottenbewegung gefärbt.The liquor is brought to 115 ° C. and dyed at this temperature for two hours with good liquor agitation.
Man erhält nach dem üblichen Spülen und Nachwaschen eine egale rubinrote Färbung mit guten Echtheitseigenschaften.After the usual rinsing and washing, a level ruby-red color with good fastness properties is obtained.
Verwendet man anstelle des Farbstoffs V gleiche Teile des Farbstoffs VI, so erhält man eine egale Türkisfärbung mit guten Echtheitseigenschaften.If, instead of the dye V, the same parts of the dye VI are used, a level turquoise coloration with good fastness properties is obtained.
100 Teile eines Jerseymaterials, bestehend aus 59 Teilen Polycaprolactam, 13 Teilen Viskose und 28 Teilen Baumwolle, werden auf einem Jetfärbeapparat in einer 90° warmen Flotte bewegt, die
Die Flotte wird auf 112° gebracht und zwei Stunden bei dieser Temperatur unter guter Flottenzirkulation gefärbt.The liquor is brought to 112 ° and dyed at this temperature for two hours with good liquor circulation.
Man erhält nach dem üblichen Seifen und Nachwaschen eine egale Rotfärbung.After the usual soaping and washing, a level red color is obtained.
100 Teile eines Mischmaterials aus 67 Teilen Polyester und 33 Teilen Zellwolle werden auf einer HT-Haspelkufe in einer 90° warmen Flotte bewegt, die
Die Flotte wird auf 130° gebracht und 1 Stunde bei dieser Temperatur unter guter Flottenzirkulation gefärbt. Man erhält eine egale Gelbfärbung.The liquor is brought to 130 ° and dyed for 1 hour at this temperature with good liquor circulation. A level yellow coloration is obtained.
100 Teile einer im Stück mercerisierten Wirkware bestehend aus 50 Teilen Baumwolle und 50 Teilen Polyester werden auf einem Baumwoll-HT-Färbeapparat mit einer 60° warmen Flotte versetzt, die
Der sich einstellende pH-Wert beträgt 6,2.The resulting pH is 6.2.
Das Färbebad wird auf 125° gebracht und bei guter Flottenzirkulation zwei Stunden bei dieser Temperatur gehalten.The dyebath is brought to 125 ° and kept at this temperature for two hours with good liquor circulation.
Nach dem üblichen kochenden Seifen erhält man eine tiefblaue egale Färbung mit guten Echtheitseigenschaften.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2922484 | 1979-06-01 | ||
DE19792922484 DE2922484A1 (en) | 1979-06-01 | 1979-06-01 | COLORING PROCEDURE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0021044A1 EP0021044A1 (en) | 1981-01-07 |
EP0021044B1 true EP0021044B1 (en) | 1983-02-09 |
Family
ID=6072341
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP80102818A Expired EP0021044B1 (en) | 1979-06-01 | 1980-05-21 | Process for dyeing cellulose fibres and fibre blends containing cellulose fibres with reactive dyestuffs |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0021044B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS55163283A (en) |
BR (1) | BR8003399A (en) |
DE (2) | DE2922484A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES492017A0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3147153A1 (en) * | 1981-11-27 | 1983-06-01 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | COLORING PROCEDURE |
JPS59106583A (en) * | 1982-12-13 | 1984-06-20 | 日本化学工業株式会社 | Dyeing of polyester/cellulose blended fiber product |
US6623532B2 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2003-09-23 | Seiren Co., Ltd. | Ink-jet printing method and printed goods |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1469750A1 (en) * | 1965-12-31 | 1968-12-12 | Hoechst Ag | Process for dyeing fiber materials made of native or regenerated cellulose with reactive dyes or mixtures of these cellulose fibers and fiber materials made of high molecular weight linear polyesters with reactive dyes and disperse dyes |
DE1619464A1 (en) * | 1966-02-23 | 1970-10-29 | Hoechst Ag | Process for dyeing cellulose fibers with reactive dyes or mixtures of cellulose and polyester fibers with reactive and disperse dyes |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1033563A (en) * | 1950-01-09 | 1953-07-13 | Hoechst Ag | Dyes, fibrous materials dyed or printed with these dyes and process for the preparation of these various products |
DE966565C (en) * | 1950-08-31 | 1957-11-07 | Hoechst Ag | Process for fixing organic water-soluble compounds on materials with a fibrous structure |
FR1334958A (en) * | 1962-02-01 | 1963-08-16 | Cassella Farbwerke Mainkur Ag | Process for preparing solid dyes and prints on polyhydroxy materials |
CA947914A (en) * | 1970-11-09 | 1974-05-28 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Dyeing cellulose textile materials |
DE2834997C2 (en) * | 1978-08-10 | 1980-08-28 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Process for dyeing synthetic polyamide fibers with reactive dyes using the exhaust method |
DE2835035B2 (en) * | 1978-08-10 | 1980-10-09 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Process for dyeing cellulose fibers with reactive dyes using the exhaust method |
-
1979
- 1979-06-01 DE DE19792922484 patent/DE2922484A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1980
- 1980-05-21 DE DE8080102818T patent/DE3061877D1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-05-21 EP EP80102818A patent/EP0021044B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-05-30 BR BR8003399A patent/BR8003399A/en unknown
- 1980-05-30 JP JP7161780A patent/JPS55163283A/en active Pending
- 1980-05-30 ES ES492017A patent/ES492017A0/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1469750A1 (en) * | 1965-12-31 | 1968-12-12 | Hoechst Ag | Process for dyeing fiber materials made of native or regenerated cellulose with reactive dyes or mixtures of these cellulose fibers and fiber materials made of high molecular weight linear polyesters with reactive dyes and disperse dyes |
DE1619464A1 (en) * | 1966-02-23 | 1970-10-29 | Hoechst Ag | Process for dyeing cellulose fibers with reactive dyes or mixtures of cellulose and polyester fibers with reactive and disperse dyes |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
"Römpps Chemie-Lexikon", 7. Auflage, Frankh'sche Verlagshandlung Stuttgart, 1975, S. 2833-2834 * |
"Römpps Chemisches Wörterbuch", Frankh'sche Verlagshandlung Stuttgart, 1969, S. 708 * |
Albert - Handbuch Phosphate, Herausgeber Chemische Werke Albert, Wiesbaden-Biebrich, 1957, S. 1-2 und 8-11 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2922484A1 (en) | 1980-12-04 |
ES8102234A1 (en) | 1980-12-16 |
ES492017A0 (en) | 1980-12-16 |
EP0021044A1 (en) | 1981-01-07 |
DE3061877D1 (en) | 1983-03-17 |
JPS55163283A (en) | 1980-12-19 |
BR8003399A (en) | 1980-12-30 |
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