EP0016017B1 - Articulated catamaran - Google Patents
Articulated catamaran Download PDFInfo
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- EP0016017B1 EP0016017B1 EP79900599A EP79900599A EP0016017B1 EP 0016017 B1 EP0016017 B1 EP 0016017B1 EP 79900599 A EP79900599 A EP 79900599A EP 79900599 A EP79900599 A EP 79900599A EP 0016017 B1 EP0016017 B1 EP 0016017B1
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- Prior art keywords
- floats
- float
- catamaran
- cockpit
- catamaran according
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/14—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected resiliently or having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/14—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected resiliently or having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration
- B63B2001/145—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected resiliently or having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a catamaran type boat, that is to say comprising two hulls or floats joined by a frame or a passenger compartment.
- the object of the invention is to allow the realization of a boat of this type arranged so as to eliminate the forces on the connections between the hulls or floats and the frame uniting them, also allowing the floats to struggle in two planes parallel to the plane of symmetry of the ship, independently of each other, and according to the shape of the liquid surface, thereby obtaining better overlap of the waves and better resistance in heavy weather.
- Another object of the invention is to produce a boat of this type arranged so that the cockpit provided on the frame connecting the floats, permanently retains a horizontal position.
- the invention relates to a boat combining qualities of good seaworthiness, speed, stability of the cabin, particularly suitable for pleasure boats, passenger transport and service (customs, guard -coasts, weather ship, etc.).
- the invention is embodied by a catamaran comprising two elongated floats, connected together by a single beam carrying a cabin, the beam being connected directly to each float towards its end by a transverse articulation, oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the floats, and not allowing each float to slide along the axis of the beam, in which means such that the displacement of one of the floats causes equal and opposite movement of the other float, are provided between the beam and each float, articulated on the one hand on the beam itself and on the other hand on the body of each float, in order to maintain the axial and normally vertical plane of symmetry of the beam in an average position relative to the floats.
- said means are of the hydraulic type and each time comprise at least one jack interposed between one end of the beam and the float conjugated at this end, the two jacks or sets of jacks provided at the two ends communicating with each other to maintain the axial and normally vertical plane of symmetry of the beam in an average position relative to the floats.
- the desired result can be obtained in particular by providing, between the beam and the floats, double-acting cylinders whose corresponding chambers are connected together.
- said means are of the mechanical type and there is provided between each of the two ends of the beam and the corresponding float one or more levers, the ends of these levers engaging the beam being connected together, for example by a lifting beam, so as to achieve the compensation required for maintaining the axial and normally vertical plane of symmetry of the beam in the aforementioned average position.
- said means provided between the beam and the floats are slaved to a gyroscope, so that the median axial plane of the beam is maintained in a vertical position.
- the desired result can be obtained by connecting the chambers of the jacks to a device forming a valve and to a source of liquid, and by slaving this device forming a valve and / or the source of liquid to the gyroscope.
- this result can be obtained by providing in the system of levers, in particular in the connecting beam associated with the beam, a length adjusting device which is slaved to a gyroscope.
- the cockpit which forms the useful body of the boat is hingedly mounted on the connecting beam in its middle, around a horizontal axis in the axial plane of the boat, means for position control being provided between this cockpit and the beam beam maintains this cockpit substantially in a vertical position, whatever the position of transverse inclination of the boat and consequently of the beam.
- these means can be controlled by a gyroscopic system.
- One can provide for example, between the passenger compartment and the beam, one or more jacks connected to a valve and to a source of fluid, the valve then being able to be controlled by a gyroscopic system.
- the passenger compartment is mounted on the beam in a position such that its center of gravity is substantially perpendicular to the beam.
- the efforts to be provided by the aforementioned means are relatively low. If this center of gravity of the passenger compartment is also plumb with the articulation axis of this passenger compartment on the beam, a reduced force must also be provided by the means in particular by the jack (s), serving to maintain the passenger compartment in a horizontal transverse position.
- each float is constituted by an elongated spindle, provided at its front end with a raised part in the shape of a bow.
- Each zone also carries, towards its rear end, a hpitce and a ruler.
- the boat's flotation elements have been designated by the references 1 and 2, which are constituted by two long spindles raised at the bow-shaped front as indicated in 3. These spindles, of great length, have a tapered shape to provide on the one hand, because of their increased length, a better overlap of the waves and, on the other hand, a greater propulsion speed.
- Each spindle is equipped at its rear end with a propeller 4 and a rudder 5.
- the arrangement of the propeller drive and rudder control members has not been shown in the drawings. The determination of this arrangement is within the reach of the skilled person, who can make a direct application of the technical principles known in this field for the propulsion and steering of existing boats.
- a transverse beam designated by the reference 6 which is mounted by these ends by means of pins 7 in bearings 8 carried by the spindles.
- the axes 7 provided at the ends of the beam 6 are aligned with one another, and they are oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the boat. These axes 7 have, as visible in the drawing, a sufficient length to maintain the time zones 1, 2 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the boat. They allow at the same time the movement of these spindles in two vertical planes which are parallel to the axial plane of the boat. If we refer first of all to the embodiment shown in FIGS.
- conduits 12 and 13 connect together the corresponding chambers of the jacks. It is understood that, in this way, if one of the spindles 1, 2 tends to undergo a deflection in the vertical plane around the conjugate axis 7, it will occur, due to the communication established between the jacks, a equal and opposite movement of the other spindle, so as to tend to maintain the axial and normally vertical plane of symmetry of the beam 6, which is orthogonal to the axial plane of the boat, in an average position relative to these spindles.
- conduits 14 and 15 which can be connected to a valve associated with a source of liquid. It is understood that by slaving the valve then provided to a gyroscope, it is possible to control the supply of the jacks so as to constantly maintain the beam 6 in a position such that its plane of symmetry remains vertical.
- FIG. 3 a mechanical type compensation system.
- angled return levers 16 pivotally mounted on this beam around normally vertical axes 17.
- An arm of each lever is attacked by a bar 18, which is connected to this lever 16 by one end by means of an articulation 19, while the other end of the bar 18 is connected in an articulated manner at 20 to the corresponding spindle 1, 2.
- the other arms of the two return levers 16 are connected together by a lifting beam 21.
- the spreader 21 for example a length adjusting device controlled by a gyroscope, so as to vary the length of this spreader and thus the relative positions of the spindles relative to the beam 6, in order to maintain the median longitudinal plane of this beam in a vertical position.
- the catamaran according to the invention also comprises a hybitacle which forms its useful body and which is shown diagrammatically at 22 in the drawings.
- this passenger compartment is mounted on the transverse beam 6 in the middle of the length of this beam, that is to say in the median longitudinal plane of the boat, by means of an axis 23 oriented along this longitudinal plane.
- This axis is oriented perpendicular to the median axial plane of the beam, that is to say that it normally occupies a horizontal position.
- a jack 26 which is connected to a valve system (not shown) controlled by a gyroscope, so to maintain this passenger compartment in a vertical position whatever the transverse inclination of the beam 6.
- the passenger compartment is arranged with respect to the beam 6 so that its center of gravity is perpendicular to this beam.
- the combination of means described makes it possible to control the position of the passenger compartment longitudinally and transversely so that, whatever the movements of the sea, this passenger compartment remains horizontal. This results in increased comfort for the occupants of the boat.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
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- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un bateau du type catamaran, c'est-à-dire comportant deux coques ou flotteurs réunis par une armature ou un habitacle.The present invention relates to a catamaran type boat, that is to say comprising two hulls or floats joined by a frame or a passenger compartment.
On sait que ce type de bateau présente une bonne stabilité et est doué d'une vitesse améliorée par rapport aux bate aux monocoques. Toutefois, du fait même de sa conception, des efforts qui peuvent être importants par gros temps sont transmis aux liaisons entre les coques ou flotteurs et l'ossature qui les relie.We know that this type of boat has good stability and is endowed with an improved speed compared to monohull boats. However, by the very fact of its design, forces which can be significant in heavy weather are transmitted to the connections between the hulls or floats and the framework which connects them.
Le but de l'invention est de permettre la réalisation d'un bateau de ce type agencé de manière à supprimer les efforts sur les liaisons entre les coques ou flotteurs et l'armature les réunissant, permettant également aux flotteurs de se débattre dans deux plans parallèles au plan de symétrie du navire, indépendamment l'un de l'autre, et suivant la forme de la surface liquide, en obtenant ainsi un meilleur chevauchement des vagues et une meilleure tenue par gros temps.The object of the invention is to allow the realization of a boat of this type arranged so as to eliminate the forces on the connections between the hulls or floats and the frame uniting them, also allowing the floats to struggle in two planes parallel to the plane of symmetry of the ship, independently of each other, and according to the shape of the liquid surface, thereby obtaining better overlap of the waves and better resistance in heavy weather.
Un autre but de l'invention est de réaliser un bateau de ce type agencé de telle sorte que l'habitacle prévu sur l'ossature reliant les flotteurs, conserve de façon permanente une position horizontale..Another object of the invention is to produce a boat of this type arranged so that the cockpit provided on the frame connecting the floats, permanently retains a horizontal position.
Au total, l'invention vise un bateau alliant à la fois des qualités de bonne tenue de mer, de vitesse, de stabilité de l'habitacle, convenant tout particulièrement aux bateaux de plaisance, de transport de passagers et de service (douanes, garde-côtes, navire météo, etc.). _In total, the invention relates to a boat combining qualities of good seaworthiness, speed, stability of the cabin, particularly suitable for pleasure boats, passenger transport and service (customs, guard -coasts, weather ship, etc.). _
On a déjà proposé, comme décrit dans le brevet des Etats Unis d'Amérique n° 2 119775 de réunir entre elles deux coques de bateaux par une poutre transversale par rapport à laquelle les coupes peuvent pivoter et capable de supporter une plate-forme de charge. Toutefois, dans ce cas, il est prévu entre les deux coques, à l'avant et à l'arrière de cette poutre, des liaisons reliées par ailleurs à la plate-forme, l'ensemble formant un système tel que le pivotement d'une des coques provoque um pivotement égal et de sens opposé de l'autre coque. Ce système complexe et ses éléments peuvent difficilement admettre les efforts engendrés lors du déplacement en mer d'un tel engin. L'invention apporte une solution simple et efficace à ce problème.It has already been proposed, as described in patent of the United States of America No. 2 119775 to join together two hulls of boats by a transverse beam with respect to which the sections can pivot and capable of supporting a load platform . However, in this case, there are provided between the two shells, at the front and at the rear of this beam, connections connected moreover to the platform, the assembly forming a system such as the pivoting of one of the hulls causes an equal and opposite pivoting of the other hull. This complex system and its elements can hardly accept the forces generated during the displacement at sea of such a machine. The invention provides a simple and effective solution to this problem.
Il est par ailleurs connu, par le brevet des Etats-Unis d'Amérique n° 2584122, de réaliser une liaison articulée entre les deux flotteurs d'un catamaran et sa superstructure centrale de charge. Cette liaison est assurée par deux paires de bras, une paire antérieure et une paire postérieure, assurant indépendamment l'une de l'aure le débattement d'une extrémité d'un flotteur dans un sens opposé au débattement subi par l'extrémité correspondante de l'autre flotteur. Cette structure paraît adaptée au cas des catamarans de grandes dimensions susceptibles de porter de lourders charges. L'invention est plutôt orientée vers le cas de catamaran dont la superstructure est un habitacle, et elle résout différemment le problème de la stabilité de cet habitacle.It is also known, from United States patent No. 2584122, to make an articulated connection between the two floats of a catamaran and its central load superstructure. This connection is ensured by two pairs of arms, an anterior pair and a posterior pair, independently ensuring one of the travel of the end of a float in a direction opposite to the travel undergone by the corresponding end of the other float. This structure appears to be suitable for large catamarans capable of carrying heavy loads. The invention is rather oriented towards the case of a catamaran whose superstructure is a passenger compartment, and it solves the problem of the stability of this passenger compartment differently.
L'invention est matérialisée par un catamaran comportant deux flotteurs allongés, reliés entre eux par une seule poutre portant un habitacle, la poutre étant reliée directement à chaque flotteur vers son extrémité par une articulation transversale, orientée perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal des flotteurs, et ne permettant pas un coulissement de chaque flotteur selon l'axe de la poutre, dans lequel des moyens tels que le débattement d'un des flotteurs provoque un débattement égal et de sens opposé de l'autre flotteur, sont prévus entre la poutre et chaque flotteur, articulés d'une part sur la poutre elle-même et d'autre part sur le corps de chaque flotteur, afin de maintenir le plan axial et normalement vertical de symétrie de la poutre dans une position moyenne par rapport aux flotteurs.The invention is embodied by a catamaran comprising two elongated floats, connected together by a single beam carrying a cabin, the beam being connected directly to each float towards its end by a transverse articulation, oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the floats, and not allowing each float to slide along the axis of the beam, in which means such that the displacement of one of the floats causes equal and opposite movement of the other float, are provided between the beam and each float, articulated on the one hand on the beam itself and on the other hand on the body of each float, in order to maintain the axial and normally vertical plane of symmetry of the beam in an average position relative to the floats.
Suivant un mode de réalisation possible, lesdits moyens sont de type hydraulique et comprennent chaque fois au moins un vérin interposé entre une extrémité de la poutre et le flotteur conjugué à cette extrémité, les deux vérins ou jeux de vérins prévus aux deux extrémités communiquant entre eux pour maintenir le plan axial et normalement vertical de symétrie de la poutre dans une position moyenne par rapport aux flotteurs. Le résultat désiré peut être obtenu notamment en prévoyant, entre la poutre et les flotteurs, des vérins à double effet dont les chambres correspondantes sont reliées ensemble.According to a possible embodiment, said means are of the hydraulic type and each time comprise at least one jack interposed between one end of the beam and the float conjugated at this end, the two jacks or sets of jacks provided at the two ends communicating with each other to maintain the axial and normally vertical plane of symmetry of the beam in an average position relative to the floats. The desired result can be obtained in particular by providing, between the beam and the floats, double-acting cylinders whose corresponding chambers are connected together.
Suivant un autre mode de réalisation possible, lesdits moyens sont de type mécanique et il est prévu entre chacune des deux extrémités de la poutre et le flotteur correspondant un ou plusieurs leviers, les extrémités de ces leviers attauqant la poutre étant reliées entre elles, par exemple par un palonnier, de manière à réaliser la compensation requise pour le maintien du plan axial et normalement vertical de symétrie de la poutre dans la position moyenne précitée.According to another possible embodiment, said means are of the mechanical type and there is provided between each of the two ends of the beam and the corresponding float one or more levers, the ends of these levers engaging the beam being connected together, for example by a lifting beam, so as to achieve the compensation required for maintaining the axial and normally vertical plane of symmetry of the beam in the aforementioned average position.
Suivant une autre particularité de l'invention, lesdits moyens prévus entre la poutre et les flotteurs sont asservis à un gyroscope, afin que le plan axial médian de la poutre soit maintenu dans une position verticale. Dans le cas de moyens hydrauliques, le résultat désiré peut être obtenu en reliant les chambres des vérins à un dispositif formant vanne et à une source de liquide, et en asservisant ce dispositif formant vanne et (ou) la source de liquide au gyroscope. Dans le cas de moyens mécaniques ce résultat peut être obtenu en prévoyant dans le système de leviers, notamment dans le palonnier de liaison associé à la poutre, un dispositif de réglage de longueur qui est asservi à un gyroscope.According to another feature of the invention, said means provided between the beam and the floats are slaved to a gyroscope, so that the median axial plane of the beam is maintained in a vertical position. In the case of hydraulic means, the desired result can be obtained by connecting the chambers of the jacks to a device forming a valve and to a source of liquid, and by slaving this device forming a valve and / or the source of liquid to the gyroscope. In the case of mechanical means, this result can be obtained by providing in the system of levers, in particular in the connecting beam associated with the beam, a length adjusting device which is slaved to a gyroscope.
Suivant une autre particularité encore de l'invention, l'habitacle qui forme le corps utile du bateau est monté de façon articulée sur la poutre de liaison en son milieu, autour d'un axe horizontal dans le plan axial du bateau, des moyens de commande de position étant prévus entre cet habitacle et la poutre pout maintenit cet habitacle sensiblement dans une position verticale, quelle que soit la position d'inclinaison transversale du bateau et par suite de la poutre. Suivant un mode de réalisation paraissant judicieux, ces moyens peuvent être asservis à un système gyroscopique. On peut prévoir par exemple, entre l'habitacle et la poutre, un ou plusieurs vérins reliés à une vanne et à une source de fluide, la vanne pouvant alors être asservie à un système gyroscopique.According to yet another feature of the invention, the cockpit which forms the useful body of the boat is hingedly mounted on the connecting beam in its middle, around a horizontal axis in the axial plane of the boat, means for position control being provided between this cockpit and the beam beam maintains this cockpit substantially in a vertical position, whatever the position of transverse inclination of the boat and consequently of the beam. According to an embodiment which seems judicious, these means can be controlled by a gyroscopic system. One can provide for example, between the passenger compartment and the beam, one or more jacks connected to a valve and to a source of fluid, the valve then being able to be controlled by a gyroscopic system.
Suivant une disposition judicieuse, l'habitacle est monté sur la poutre dans une position telle que son centre de gravité se trouve sensiblement à l'aplomb de la poutre. Ainsi, les efforts devant être fournis par les moyens précités sont relativement faibles. Si ce centre de gravité de l'habitacle se trouve également à l'aplomb de l'axe d'articulation de cet habitacle sur la poutre, un effort réduit doit également être fourni par les moyens notamment par le ou les vérins, servant à maintenir l'habitacle dans une position transversale horizontale.According to a judicious arrangement, the passenger compartment is mounted on the beam in a position such that its center of gravity is substantially perpendicular to the beam. Thus, the efforts to be provided by the aforementioned means are relatively low. If this center of gravity of the passenger compartment is also plumb with the articulation axis of this passenger compartment on the beam, a reduced force must also be provided by the means in particular by the jack (s), serving to maintain the passenger compartment in a horizontal transverse position.
De cette manière, la position de l'havitaele est contrôlée longitudinalement et latéralement, et il reste horizontal sans nécessiter de grande dépense d'énergie, quels que soient les mouvements de la mer.In this way, the position of the behavior is controlled longitudinally and laterally, and it remains horizontal without requiring a great expenditure of energy, whatever the movements of the sea.
Suivant une autre particularité encorce, chaque flotteur est constitué par un fuseau de forme allongée, muni à son extrémité avant d'une partie relevée en forme de proue. Chaque fuseau porte également, vers son extrémité arrière, une hétice et un gouvernait.According to another particular feature, each float is constituted by an elongated spindle, provided at its front end with a raised part in the shape of a bow. Each zone also carries, towards its rear end, a hétice and a ruler.
La description qui va suivre, faite en regard des dessins annexés, donnés à titre non limitatif, permettra de mieux comprendre l'invention.
- La figure 1 est une vue schématique en élévation d'un bateau du type catamaran réalisé suivant l'invention;
- La figure 2 est une vue en plan correspondante;
- La figure 3 est une vue en plan analogue à la figure 2 mais comportant un différentiel mécanique;
- La figure 4 est une vue schématique d'extrémité montrant le système de commande latéral prévu pour l'habitacle;
- La figure 5 est une vue de détail indiquant schématiquement le mode de liaison prévu entre les vérins d'un différentiel de type hydraulique.
- Figure 1 is a schematic elevational view of a catamaran type boat produced according to the invention;
- Figure 2 is a corresponding plan view;
- Figure 3 is a plan view similar to Figure 2 but having a mechanical differential;
- Figure 4 is a schematic end view showing the lateral control system provided for the passenger compartment;
- Figure 5 is a detail view schematically showing the connection mode provided between the cylinders of a hydraulic type differential.
Sur les dessins, on a désigné par les références 1 et 2 les éléments de flottaison du bateau, qui sont constitués par deux longs fuseaux relevés à l'avant en forme de proue comme indiqué en 3. Ces fuseaux, de grande longueur, ont une forme effilée afin de fournir d'une part, du fait de leur longueur accrue, un meilleur chevauchement des vagues et, d'autre part, une plus grande vitesse de propulsion. Chaque fuseau est équipé à son extrémité arrière d'une hélice 4 et d'un gouvernail 5. La disposition des organes d'entraînement des hélices et de commande du gouvernail n'a pas été représentée sur les dessins. La détermination de cette disposition est à la portée de l'homme de fart, qui pourra faire une application directe des principes techniques connus dans ce domaine pour la propulsion et la direction des bateaux existants.In the drawings, the boat's flotation elements have been designated by the
Il est prévu suivant l'invention, entre les deux fuseaux 1, 2, une poutre transversale désignée par la référence 6, qui est montée par ces extrémités au moyen d'axes 7 dans des paliers 8 portés par les fuseaux. Les axes 7 prévus aux extrémités de la poutre 6 sont alignés entre eux, et ils sont orientés perpendiculairement au plan longitudinal de symétrie du bateau. Ces axes 7 ont, comme visible sur le dessin, une longueur suffisante pour maintenir directionnellement les fuseaux 1, 2 parallèles à l'axe longitudinal du bateau. Ils permettent en même temps le débattement de ces fuseaux dans deux plans verticaux qui sont parallèles au plan axial du bateau. Si l'on se reporte tout d'abord au mode de réalisation représenté sur les Fig. 1 et 2, on voit qu'il est prévu, entre chaque extrémité de la poutre 6 et les fuseaux 1, 2 correspondants, chaque fois un vérin hydraulique à double effet 9 qui est relié à articulation par son corps en 10 à l'extrémité correspondante de la poutre et par l'extrémité de sa tige de piston en 11 au fuseau 1, 2 conjugué.There is provided according to the invention, between the two
Suivant l'invention, ces deux vérins sont reliés entre eux de la manière représentée schématiquement sur la Fig. 5. Ainsi, des conduits 12 et 13 relient ensemble les chambres correspondantes des vérins. On conçoit que, de cette manière, si l'un des fuseaux 1, 2 tend à subir un débattement dans le plan vertical autour de l'axe 7 conjugué, il va se produire, du fait de la communication établie entre les vérins, un débattement égal et de sens opposé de l'autre fuseau, de façon à tendre à maintenir le plan axial et normalement vertical de symétrie de la poutre 6, qui est orthogonal au plan axial du bateau, dans une position moyenne par rapport à ces fuseaux.According to the invention, these two cylinders are interconnected in the manner shown diagrammatically in FIG. 5. Thus,
On a représenté également sur la Fig. 5 des conduits 14 et 15 qui peuvent être reliés à une vanne associée à une source de liquide. On conçoit qu'en asservissant la vanne alors prévue à un gyroscope, il est possible de commander l'alimentation des vérins de manière à maintenir constamment la poutre 6 dans une position telle que son plan de symétrie demeure vertical.Also shown in FIG. 5 of the
On a montré sur la Fig. 3 un système de compensation de type mécanique. Dans ce cas, il est prévu, vers chaque extrémité de la poutre 6, des leviers de renvoi en équerre 16 montés à pivotement sur cette poutre autour d'axes normalement verticaux 17. Un bras de chaque levier est attaqué par une barre 18, qui est reliée à ce levier 16 par une extrémité au moyen d'une articulation 19, tandis que l'autre extrémité de la barre 18 est reliée de façon articulée en 20 au fuseau correspondant 1, 2. Les autres bras des deux leviers de renvoi 16 sont reliés entre eux par un palonnier 21.We have shown in FIG. 3 a mechanical type compensation system. In this case, there are provided, towards each end of the
Le mode d'action de ce système de compensation mécanique se comprend aisément. Dans ce cas encore, lors du débattement dans un sens d'un fuseau dans le plan vertical, il se produit un pivotement du levier 16 correspondant autour de son axe 17, et ce déplacement est transmis par le palonnier 21 à l'autre levier 16, et par l'autre barre 18 à l'autre fuseau, qui ainsi subit un débattement de même amplitude et de sens opposé.The mode of action of this mechanical compensation system is easily understood. In this case also, during the displacement in one direction of a spindle in the vertical plane, there is a pivoting of the
Dans ce cas encore, on peut combiner au palonnier 21 par exemple un dispositif de réglage de longueur asservi à un gyroscope, de façon à faire varier la longueur de ce palonnier et ainsi les positions relatives des fuseaux par rapport à la poutre 6, afin de maintenir le plan longitudinal médian de cette poutre dans une position verticale.In this case also, it is possible to combine with the
Le catamaran suivant l'invention comprend également un hybitacle qui forme son corps utile et qui est représenté schématiquement en 22 sur les dessins.The catamaran according to the invention also comprises a hybitacle which forms its useful body and which is shown diagrammatically at 22 in the drawings.
Suivant l'invention, cet habitacle est monté sur la poutre transversale 6 au milieu de la longueur de cette poutre, c'est-à-dire dans le plan longitudinal médian du bateau, au moyen d'un axe 23 orienté selon ce plan longitudinal médian du bateau et tourillonné dans des paliers convenables de l'habitacle et de la poutre. Cet axe est orienté perpendiculairement au plan axial médian de la poutre, c'est-à-dire qu'il occupe normalement une position horizontale.According to the invention, this passenger compartment is mounted on the
Dans le cas du mode de réalisation représenté et comme visible en particulier sur la Fig. 4, il est prévu, entre un palier 24 prévu vers une extrémité de la poutre 6 et un palier 25 prévu sur l'habitacle, un vérin 26 qui est relié à un système de vanne (non représenté) asservi à un gyroscope, de manière à maintenir cet habitacle dans une position verticale quelle que soit l'inclinaison transversale de la poutre 6.In the case of the embodiment shown and as visible in particular in FIG. 4, there is provided, between a bearing 24 provided towards one end of the
L'habitacle est disposé par rapport à la poutre 6 de telle sorte que son centre de gravité se trouve à l'aplomb de cette poutre.The passenger compartment is arranged with respect to the
On comprend ainsi, à la lecture de la description que précède, que l'on obtient un ensemble articulé dans lequel les fuseaux peuvent se débattre indépendamment suivant l'état de la mer, maintenus par les axes de grande longueur dans deux plans parallèles au plan longitudinal axial du bateau. Le système de compensation maintient la poutre supportant l'habitacle dans une position moyenne par rapport aux deux fuseaux et il n'y a que de très faibles efforts dans les liaisons. ,It is thus understood, on reading the description which precedes, that one obtains an articulated assembly in which the spindles can be struggled independently according to the state of the sea, maintained by the axes of great length in two planes parallel to the plane longitudinal axial of the boat. The compensation system keeps the beam supporting the passenger compartment in an average position with respect to the two spindles and there are only very small forces in the connections. ,
Par ailleurs, la combinaison de moyens décrite permet de contrôler longitudinalement et transversalement la position de l'habitacle de telle sorte que, quels que soient les mouvements de la mer, cet habitacle demeure horizontal. Il en résulte ainsi un confort accru pour les occupants du bateau.Furthermore, the combination of means described makes it possible to control the position of the passenger compartment longitudinally and transversely so that, whatever the movements of the sea, this passenger compartment remains horizontal. This results in increased comfort for the occupants of the boat.
Du fait du montage utilisé, ce résultat est attient en outre avec une faible dépense d'énergie, puisque la position du centre de gravité de l'habitacle est à l'aplomb de la poutre transversale et du fait du montage articulé de l'habitacle au centre de la poutre, également à l'aplomb de son centre de gravité, pour la stabilisation transversale.Due to the mounting used, this result is also attained with a low energy expenditure, since the position of the center of gravity of the passenger compartment is perpendicular to the transverse beam and due to the articulated mounting of the passenger compartment in the center of the beam, also in line with its center of gravity, for transverse stabilization.
L'utilisation de fuseaux de grande longueur libres de leurs positions relatives permet également un meilleur chevauchement des vagues, donc une meilleure tenue en mer, propriété qui vient s'ajouter à la bonne tenue générale en soi déjà connue des bateaux du type catamaran. Il convient encore d'ajouter que, pour une puissance donnée, la vitesse d'un bateau de ce type est accrue puisqu'elle dépend, pour un même tonnage et pour une même puissance, de la longueur et de la finesse de la coque, qui est formée dans le cas présent par deux fuseaux longs et effilés.The use of long spindles free of their relative positions also allows better overlapping of the waves, therefore better handling at sea, a property which is added to the good general handling in itself already known for catamaran type boats. It should also be added that, for a given power, the speed of a boat of this type is increased since it depends, for the same tonnage and for the same power, on the length and fineness of the hull, which is formed in this case by two long and tapered spindles.
Des modifications peuvent être apportées aux modes de réalisation décrits, dans le domaine des équivalences techniques, sans s'écarter de l'invention telle que définie par les revendications.Modifications can be made to the embodiments described, in the field of technical equivalences, without departing from the invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7817136A FR2427942A1 (en) | 1978-06-08 | 1978-06-08 | ARTICULATED CATAMARAN |
FR7817136 | 1978-06-08 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0016017A1 EP0016017A1 (en) | 1980-10-01 |
EP0016017B1 true EP0016017B1 (en) | 1983-01-19 |
Family
ID=9209239
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP79900599A Expired EP0016017B1 (en) | 1978-06-08 | 1980-01-10 | Articulated catamaran |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0016017B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6238196B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU526530B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2964525D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES481319A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2427942A1 (en) |
GR (1) | GR65193B (en) |
IN (1) | IN152388B (en) |
IT (1) | IT1118724B (en) |
MX (1) | MX146681A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7904537A (en) |
NO (1) | NO791911L (en) |
PT (1) | PT69689A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1980000018A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU550055B2 (en) * | 1980-05-22 | 1986-02-27 | G. Ickinger | Schwimmkorper, insbesondere mehrrumpfboot mit segelantrieb |
FR2505766A1 (en) * | 1981-05-14 | 1982-11-19 | Gilbert Duhoux | Shock absorber for multi-hulled boat - has oscillating lever arm mounted on horizontal damped rocking frame mounted on hull |
JPH01103498A (en) * | 1987-10-14 | 1989-04-20 | Reppo Go | Inkstone |
JPH0281789A (en) * | 1988-09-19 | 1990-03-22 | Kure Dia:Kk | Water surface crawler float |
WO1990011903A1 (en) * | 1989-04-12 | 1990-10-18 | Christopher Brian Heyring | Vehicule suspension |
JPH07118066A (en) * | 1993-10-22 | 1995-05-09 | Tokai Carbon Co Ltd | Production of high strength isotropic graphite material |
AU2005339386B2 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2012-05-24 | Thomas Wilmot Meyer | High speed watercraft suitable for rough water conditions |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2119775A (en) * | 1934-12-24 | 1938-06-07 | Electric Boat Co | Boat structure |
US2265206A (en) * | 1939-09-13 | 1941-12-09 | Walter J Stampfi | Hydroplane boat |
US2584122A (en) * | 1946-09-27 | 1952-02-05 | William E Gilmore | Stabilizing mechanism for vehicles |
GB792680A (en) * | 1955-08-04 | 1958-04-02 | All American Eng Co | Improvements in aircraft undercarriages |
FR2058786A5 (en) * | 1969-09-25 | 1971-05-28 | Internavia Ab |
-
1978
- 1978-06-08 FR FR7817136A patent/FR2427942A1/en active Granted
-
1979
- 1979-05-26 GR GR59187A patent/GR65193B/en unknown
- 1979-05-29 PT PT69689A patent/PT69689A/en unknown
- 1979-05-31 JP JP54500866A patent/JPS6238196B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1979-05-31 DE DE7979900599T patent/DE2964525D1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-05-31 WO PCT/FR1979/000046 patent/WO1980000018A1/en unknown
- 1979-06-01 AU AU47683/79A patent/AU526530B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-06-04 IT IT68197/79A patent/IT1118724B/en active
- 1979-06-05 MX MX79177929A patent/MX146681A/en unknown
- 1979-06-06 ES ES481319A patent/ES481319A1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-06-07 NO NO791911A patent/NO791911L/en unknown
- 1979-06-08 NL NL7904537A patent/NL7904537A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-06-19 IN IN444/DEL/79A patent/IN152388B/en unknown
-
1980
- 1980-01-10 EP EP79900599A patent/EP0016017B1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2427942A1 (en) | 1980-01-04 |
IT7968197A0 (en) | 1979-06-04 |
DE2964525D1 (en) | 1983-02-24 |
GR65193B (en) | 1980-07-29 |
FR2427942B1 (en) | 1981-07-24 |
EP0016017A1 (en) | 1980-10-01 |
PT69689A (en) | 1979-06-01 |
ES481319A1 (en) | 1979-11-16 |
JPS6238196B2 (en) | 1987-08-17 |
IT1118724B (en) | 1986-03-03 |
AU4768379A (en) | 1979-12-13 |
IN152388B (en) | 1983-12-31 |
MX146681A (en) | 1982-07-27 |
AU526530B2 (en) | 1983-01-20 |
WO1980000018A1 (en) | 1980-01-10 |
NL7904537A (en) | 1979-12-11 |
JPS55500560A (en) | 1980-08-28 |
NO791911L (en) | 1979-12-11 |
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