EP0009576A1 - Raisable island - Google Patents

Raisable island Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0009576A1
EP0009576A1 EP79102892A EP79102892A EP0009576A1 EP 0009576 A1 EP0009576 A1 EP 0009576A1 EP 79102892 A EP79102892 A EP 79102892A EP 79102892 A EP79102892 A EP 79102892A EP 0009576 A1 EP0009576 A1 EP 0009576A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing
platform
support leg
support legs
jack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP79102892A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0009576B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Schiemichen
Werner Zimmermann
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Deutsche Babcock AG
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Deutsche Babcock AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0009576A1 publication Critical patent/EP0009576A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0009576B1 publication Critical patent/EP0009576B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/021—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto with relative movement between supporting construction and platform
    • E02B17/024—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto with relative movement between supporting construction and platform shock absorbing means for the supporting construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/04—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction
    • E02B17/08—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction for raising or lowering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a jack-up platform, the platform of which is provided with support legs which can be raised and lowered and which are supported on a substructure lowered on the seabed.
  • Such jack-up platforms are watercraft used for certain marine tasks or offshore drilling. To ensure the working position, the support legs of the platform are lowered onto the substructure previously lowered on the sea floor and then the platform is lifted out of the water on the fixed support legs until the required height is reached above sea level. Placing the support legs on the substructure is always a critical operation. In unfavorable sea conditions, the platform swinging up and down with the waves can hit the substructure several times with the extending support legs before it is finally fixed. This can cause considerable damage to the substructure and the support legs.
  • a shock absorber in the form of a ring which is resiliently supported on the support leg to be attached to the lower end of each support leg.
  • This ring surrounds the support surface of the support leg on the substructure and projects beyond it in the axial direction.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop a jack of the type mentioned in such a way that blows acting laterally on the support legs can be absorbed, but that, on the other hand, safe guidance of the support legs within the platform is not impaired.
  • each support leg is guided in two flexible bearings arranged at a vertical distance, that one of the bearings is flexible on all sides around a center and the other bearing is only designed to be radially flexible, and that the radial deflection of the other bearing is unrelenting is adjustable. Thanks to this bearing, each support leg can swing around a pivot point. The deflections that occur during this oscillation are absorbed by the only radially flexible bearings. The flexibility of this bearing is eliminated by adjustment when the support legs stand firmly on the substructure and the platform on the support legs is slowly raised. In this case, firm guidance between the support legs and platform is achieved.
  • the radially flexible bearing thus acts like a centering device.
  • the bearing which is designed to be flexible on all sides, can consist of half-shells which are spring-supported. However, in order to be able to absorb the blows more securely, it is proposed in an embodiment of the invention that this bearing is formed from individual segments spaced apart in the circumferential direction, which are made of an elastically deformable material and which are connected on one side to the platform.
  • the radially resilient bearing has walls made of a resilient material, which enclose an interior which can be filled with either a compressible or an incompressible, flowable medium.
  • the interior is filled with air before the support legs are exposed so that the walls of the bearing can give way. After putting on the support legs, the air in the interior is replaced by water. As a result, the support legs are guided tightly when the platform is raised.
  • the jack-up platform shown consists of the platform 1 and the support legs 2 which can be raised and lowered.
  • the support legs 2 are supported in the working position of the platform 1 on a previously lowered substructure 3 resting on the seabed.
  • Platform 1 is self-swimming and is towed by ocean-going tugs to the intended place of erection at sea. During the alignment of the platform 1 over the substructure 3 and during the lowering of the support legs 2, the platform 1 floats on the sea surface and is raised and lowered more or less depending on the height of the waves.
  • the hydraulic drive for lowering the support legs 2 and later lifting the platform 1 consists of several cylinders 4 arranged uniformly around each support leg 2.
  • the cylinders 4 are connected to a lower support of the platform 1. They are supported so that they can pivot about two mutually perpendicular horizontal axes.
  • the piston rods of the cylinders 4 are articulated on a ring 5.
  • the ring 5 is to be clamped to the support leg 2 via a hydraulically actuated lever device 6. Below the ring 5 there is another ring 7 which is also to be clamped to the support leg 2.
  • the piston rods of the cylinders 4 are retracted with the ring 5 clamped, as a result of which the platform 1 is raised relative to the support legs 2.
  • the platform 1 is clamped to the support leg 2 via the ring 7.
  • the piston rods of the cylinder 4 are extended. Then the retraction and extension of the piston rods of the cylinders 4 and the mutual clamping of the rings 5 and 7 are repeated until the platform 1 has reached the desired position above sea level.
  • each support leg 2 is guided in two bearings 8 and 9 which are designed to be precise.
  • the bearing 8 arranged in the upper part of the platform 1 is flexible on all sides. In this way, the support leg 2 guided in the bearing 8 can perform oscillating movements about the pivot point D, which corresponds to the center point of the bearing 8.
  • the bearing 8 is formed from individual segments 10 which are arranged at a distance in the circumferential direction around the support leg 2.
  • the segments 10 consist of an elastically deformable material such. B. made of rubber.
  • the segments 10 On their rear side, the segments 10 with a steel plate 11 z. B. connected by gluing. The steel plate 11 is attached to the platform 1.
  • the segments 10 are enclosed by a shell 12 on the side facing the support leg 2.
  • a sliding surface 13 resting on the support leg 2 is embedded in the shell 12.
  • the sliding surface 13 has a low coefficient of friction.
  • the bearing 9 arranged in the lower part of the platform 1 can only yield in the radial direction.
  • the bearing 9 is formed by two superimposed self-contained rings, the walls 14 of a resilient material such. B. consist of rubber.
  • the walls 14 enclose an interior 15 which is optionally filled with an incompressible medium such as water or a compressible medium such as air.
  • the supply and removal of water takes place through a lower connection 16 and the supply and removal of air through an upper connection 17, which are guided through the rear wall 14 of the bearing 9.
  • the walls of the bearing 9 are reinforced by plates 18 and 19.
  • the width of the plate 19 is less than the width of the bearing 9.
  • a sliding surface 13 is inserted into the plate 18 facing the support leg 2, with a low coefficient of friction.
  • the interior 15 of the bearing 9 is filled with air. Thanks to the incompressibility of the air, the bearing 9 can yield elastically in the radial direction.
  • the bearing 9 is completely unyielding and acts like a centering device. In this way, firm guidance of the support legs 2 is achieved.
  • the lower, radially flexible bearing is replaced by a centering device, which consists of several, in the present case four, bearing shells 20 arranged distributed over the circumference of the support leg 2.
  • Each bearing shell 20 is supported on the piston rods of two actuating cylinders 21.
  • the actuating cylinders 21 act in the radial direction and are fastened horizontally on the platform 1.
  • the actuating cylinders 21, which are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in their respective end positions, can yield movements of the support leg 2 in the radial direction by approximately 600 mm.
  • the cylinder spaces of two opposing actuating cylinders 21 or actuating cylinder groups are each connected via a connecting line in which a throttle and shut-off valve is arranged.
  • a throttle and shut-off valve is arranged.
  • the shut-off valve in the connecting line is closed.
  • the piston of the actuating cylinder 21, the bearing shells 20 of which have moved furthest outwards, are pressurized with pressure medium.
  • the excess pressure medium is discharged from the piston chambers of the actuating cylinders on the opposite side of the support leg 2 into a storage container. If the support leg 2 has assumed its vertical position, all valves for the supply and discharge of pressure medium are blocked. All actuating cylinders 21 are then evenly acted on, so that a flexible evasion of the lower bearing of the support leg is now switched off. Instead of the hydraulic described. Control, the actuating cylinders can also be switched so that they worked against a pressure accumulator.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Die Plattform (1) einer Hubinsei ist mit heb- und senkbaren Stützbeinen (12) versehen, die auf eine auf den Meeresboden abgesenkte Unterkonstruktion (3) abgestützt sind. Um die auf Aufsetzen der Stüzbeine (12) auf die Unterkonstruktion (3) seitlich wirkenden Schläge aufzufangen und eine sichere Führung der Stützbeine (12) innerhalb der Plattform (1) zu erzielen, ist jedes Stützbein (2) in zwei auf vertikalen Abstand angeordneten Lagern (8,9) geführt. Einesder Lager (8) ist im einen Mittelpunkt (D) allseitig nachgiebig ausgebildet. Das andere Lager (9) ist nur radial nachgiebig, wobei dessen radialer Ausschlag bis zur Unnachgiebigkeit verstellbar ist.The platform (1) of a lifting lens is provided with support legs (12) which can be raised and lowered and which are supported on a substructure (3) lowered onto the sea floor. In order to absorb the blows that act laterally when the support legs (12) are placed on the substructure (3) and to ensure that the support legs (12) are guided securely within the platform (1), each support leg (2) is located in two vertically spaced bearings (8.9). One of the bearings (8) is designed to be flexible on all sides in a center point (D). The other bearing (9) is only radially flexible, its radial deflection being adjustable to the degree of non-compliance.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hubinsel, deren Plattform mit heb- und senkbaren Stützbeinen versehen ist, die auf einer auf dem Meeresboden abgesenkten Unterkonstruktion abgestützt sind.The invention relates to a jack-up platform, the platform of which is provided with support legs which can be raised and lowered and which are supported on a substructure lowered on the seabed.

Derartige Hubinseln sind für bestimmte seebauliche Aufgaben oder Offshore-Bohrungen eingesetzte Wasserfahrzeuge. Um die Arbeitsposition sicherzustellen, werden die Stützbeine der Plattform auf die zuvor auf dem Meeresboden abgesenkte Unterkonstruktion abgesenkt und dann die Plattform an den fest aufsitzenden Stützbeinen aus dem Wasser hervorgehoben, bis die erforderliche Höhe über dem Meeresspiegel erreicht ist. Das Aufsetzen der Stützbeine auf die Unterkonstruktion ist immer eine kritische Operation. Die mit den Wellen auf-und abschwingende Plattform kann bei ungünstigen Seeverhältnissen mehrfach mit den ausfahrenden Stützbeinen auf die Unterkonstruktion aufstoßen, ehe sie endgültig feststeht. Das kann zu beträchtlichen Schäden an der Unterkonstruktion und den Stützbeinen führen.Such jack-up platforms are watercraft used for certain marine tasks or offshore drilling. To ensure the working position, the support legs of the platform are lowered onto the substructure previously lowered on the sea floor and then the platform is lifted out of the water on the fixed support legs until the required height is reached above sea level. Placing the support legs on the substructure is always a critical operation. In unfavorable sea conditions, the platform swinging up and down with the waves can hit the substructure several times with the extending support legs before it is finally fixed. This can cause considerable damage to the substructure and the support legs.

Um das zu verhindern, ist nach einem nicht zum Stand der Technik gehörenden Vorschlag vorgesehen worden, daß am unteren Ende eines jeden Stützbeines ein Stoßdämpfer in Form eines sich federnd am Stützbein abstützenden Ringes angebracht ist. Dieser Ring umgibt die Auflagefläche des Stützbeines auf der Unterkonstruktion und überragt es in axialer Richtung. Mit dieser Ausführung werden aber im wesentlichen nur Stöße in senkrechter Richtung aufgefangen. Bei ungünstigen Sceverhältnissen wirken auf die Stützbeine auch in horizontaler Richtung Schläge, die von den genannten Stoßdämpfern allein nicht aufgefangen werden können.To prevent this, according to a proposal not belonging to the prior art, provision has been made for a shock absorber in the form of a ring which is resiliently supported on the support leg to be attached to the lower end of each support leg. This ring surrounds the support surface of the support leg on the substructure and projects beyond it in the axial direction. With this design, however, essentially only shocks in the vertical direction are absorbed. In the case of unfavorable conditions, the support legs are impacted horizontally, which cannot be absorbed by the above-mentioned shock absorbers.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Hubinsel der eingangs genannten Art derart weiterzuentwickeln, daß auch seitlich auf die Stützbeine wirkende Schläge aufgefangen werden können, daß aber andererseits eine sichere Führung der Stützbeine innerhalb der Plattform nicht beeinträchtigt wird.The invention has for its object to further develop a jack of the type mentioned in such a way that blows acting laterally on the support legs can be absorbed, but that, on the other hand, safe guidance of the support legs within the platform is not impaired.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß jedes Stützbein in zwei auf vertikalen Abstand angeordneten nachgiebigen Lagern geführt ist, daß eines der Lager um einen Mittelpunkt allseitig nachgiebig und das andere Lager nur radial nachgiebig ausgebildet ist und daß der radiale Ausschlag des anderen Lagers bis zur Unnachgiebigkeit verstellbar'ist. Dank dieser Lagerung kann jedes Stützbein um einen Drehpunkt pendeln. Die bei dieser Pendelung auftretenden Ausschläge werden von den nur radial nachgiebigen Lager aufgefangen. Die Nachgiebigkeit dieses Lagers wird durch Verstellung aufgehoben, wenn die Stützbeine fest auf der Unterkonstruktion aufstehen und die Plattform an den Stützbeinen langsam angehoben wird. In diesem Fall ist eine feste Führung zwischen den Stützbeinen und Plattform erreicht. Das radial nachgiebige Lager wirkt also wie eine Zentriereinrichtung.This object is achieved in that each support leg is guided in two flexible bearings arranged at a vertical distance, that one of the bearings is flexible on all sides around a center and the other bearing is only designed to be radially flexible, and that the radial deflection of the other bearing is unrelenting is adjustable. Thanks to this bearing, each support leg can swing around a pivot point. The deflections that occur during this oscillation are absorbed by the only radially flexible bearings. The flexibility of this bearing is eliminated by adjustment when the support legs stand firmly on the substructure and the platform on the support legs is slowly raised. In this case, firm guidance between the support legs and platform is achieved. The radially flexible bearing thus acts like a centering device.

Das allseitig nachgiebig ausgebildete Lager kann aus Halbschalen bestehen, die federnd abgestützt sind. Um jedoch die Schläge sicherer auffangen zu können, wird in Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß dieses Lager aus einzelnen in Umfangsrichtung auf Abstand angeordneten Segmenten gebildet ist, die aus einen elastisch verformbaren Material bestehen und die einseitig mit der Plattform verbunden sind.The bearing, which is designed to be flexible on all sides, can consist of half-shells which are spring-supported. However, in order to be able to absorb the blows more securely, it is proposed in an embodiment of the invention that this bearing is formed from individual segments spaced apart in the circumferential direction, which are made of an elastically deformable material and which are connected on one side to the platform.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist das radialnachgiebig ausgebildete Lager Wände aus einem nachgiebigen Material auf, die einen Innenraum umschließen, der wahlweise mit einem kompressiblen oder einen inkompressiblen, fließfähigen Medium füllbar ist. Dabei ist der Innenraum vor dem Ausetzen der Stützbeine mit Luft gefüllt, so daß die Wände des Lagers nachgeben können. Nach dem Aufsetzen der Stützbeine wird die Luft in den Innenraum durch Wasser ersetzt. Dadurch wird während des Anhebens der Plattform eine straffe Führung der Stützbeine erreicht.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the radially resilient bearing has walls made of a resilient material, which enclose an interior which can be filled with either a compressible or an incompressible, flowable medium. The interior is filled with air before the support legs are exposed so that the walls of the bearing can give way. After putting on the support legs, the air in the interior is replaced by water. As a result, the support legs are guided tightly when the platform is raised.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine Hubinsel,
  • Figur 2 die Einzelheit Z nach Figur 1,
  • Figur 3 die Draufsicht auf eine andere Ausführungsform der Erfindung und
  • Figur 4 dem dazu gehörenden Längsschnitt.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 shows a jack-up platform,
  • FIG. 2 shows the detail Z according to FIG. 1,
  • Figure 3 is a top view of another embodiment of the invention and
  • Figure 4 the associated longitudinal section.

Die dargestellte Hubinsel besteht aus der Plattform 1 und den heb- und senkbaren Stützbeinen 2. Die Stüt.zbeine 2 stützen sich in der Arbeitsposition der Plattform 1 auf einer auf dem Meeresboden ruhenden zuvor abgesenkten Unterkonstruktion 3 ab.The jack-up platform shown consists of the platform 1 and the support legs 2 which can be raised and lowered. The support legs 2 are supported in the working position of the platform 1 on a previously lowered substructure 3 resting on the seabed.

Die Plattform 1 ist selbstschwimmend und wird von Hochseeschleppern zu den vorgesehenen Errichtungsort auf See geschleppt. Während des Ausrichtens der Plattform 1 über der Unterkonstruktion 3 und während des Absenkens der Stützbeine 2 schwimmt die Plattform 1 auf der Meeresoberfläche und wird dabei je nach der Höhe der Wellen mehr oder weniger stark angehoben und wieder abgesenkt.Platform 1 is self-swimming and is towed by ocean-going tugs to the intended place of erection at sea. During the alignment of the platform 1 over the substructure 3 and during the lowering of the support legs 2, the platform 1 floats on the sea surface and is raised and lowered more or less depending on the height of the waves.

Der hydraulische Antrieb für das Absenken der Stützbeine 2 und das spätere Anheben der Plattform 1 besteht auf mehreren gleichmäßig um jedes Stützbein 2 angeordneten Zylindern 4. Die Zylinder 4 sind mit einem unteren Träger der Plattform 1 verbunden. Dabei sind sie so abgestützt, daß sie um zwei zueinander senkrechten waagerecht liegenden Achsen schwenken können. Die Kolbenstangen der Zylinder 4 greifen gelenkig an einem Ring 5 an. Der Ring 5 ist über eine hydraulisch zu betätigende Hebelvorrichtung 6 mit dem Stützbein 2 zu verklammern. Unterhalb des Ringes 5 ist ein weiterer ebenfalls mit dem Stützbein 2 zu verklammernder Ring 7 vorgesehen.The hydraulic drive for lowering the support legs 2 and later lifting the platform 1 consists of several cylinders 4 arranged uniformly around each support leg 2. The cylinders 4 are connected to a lower support of the platform 1. They are supported so that they can pivot about two mutually perpendicular horizontal axes. The piston rods of the cylinders 4 are articulated on a ring 5. The ring 5 is to be clamped to the support leg 2 via a hydraulically actuated lever device 6. Below the ring 5 there is another ring 7 which is also to be clamped to the support leg 2.

Stehen die Stützbeine 2 mit ihren Auflageflächen auf den entsprechenden Gegenlagern der Unterkonstruktion 3 auf, so werden die Kolbenstangen der Zylinder 4 bei verklammertem Ring 5 eingezogen, wodurch die Plattform 1 gegenüber den Stützbeinen 2 angehoben wird. Ist die in der Figur 2 dargestellte Stellung der Zylinder 4 erreicht, so wird die Plattform 1 über den Ring 7 mit dem Stützbein 2 verklammert. Nach Lösen der Verklammerung des Ringes 5 werden die Kolbenstangen der Zylinder 4 ausgefahren. Danach wird das Einziehen und Ausfahren der Kolbenstangen der Zylinder 4 und das wechselseitige Verklammern der Ringe 5 und 7 wiederholt, bis die Plattform 1 die gewünschte Stellung oberhalb des Meeresspiegels erreicht hat.If the support legs 2 stand with their contact surfaces on the corresponding counter bearings of the substructure 3, the piston rods of the cylinders 4 are retracted with the ring 5 clamped, as a result of which the platform 1 is raised relative to the support legs 2. Once the position of the cylinders 4 shown in FIG. 2 has been reached, the platform 1 is clamped to the support leg 2 via the ring 7. After releasing the clamping of the ring 5, the piston rods of the cylinder 4 are extended. Then the retraction and extension of the piston rods of the cylinders 4 and the mutual clamping of the rings 5 and 7 are repeated until the platform 1 has reached the desired position above sea level.

Während des Absenkens der Stützbeine 2 bei schwimmender Plattform 1 wirken durch die wellenbedingte Bewegung der Plattform 1 unkontrollierbare Schläge in waagerechter Richtung auf die Stützbeine. Diese Schläge können Beschädigungen der Führungen der Stützbeine 2 innerhalb der Plattform 1 bewirken. Um diese Schläge auffangen zu können; ist jedes Stützbein 2 in zwei nacngiebig ausgebildeten Lagern 8 und 9 geführt. Das im oberen Teil der Plattform 1 angeordnete Lager 8 ist allseitig nachgiebig ausgebildet. Auf diese Weise kann das in dem Lager 8 geführte Stützbein 2 Pendelbewegungen um den Drehpunkt D, der dem Mittelpunkt des Lagers 8 entspricht, ausführen. Das Lager 8 Ist aus einzelnen Segmenten 10 gebildet, die in Umfangsrichtung um das Stützbein 2 auf Abstand angeordnet sind. Die Segmente 10 bestehen aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material z. B. aus Gummi. Auf ihrer rückwärtigen Seite sind die Segmente 10 mit einer Stahlplatte 11 z. B. durch Verkleben verbunden. Die Stahlplatte 11 ist an der Plattform 1 befestigt. Auf der dem Stützbein 2 zugewandten Seite sind die Segmente 10 von einer Schale 12 umschlossen. In die Schale 12 ist eine am Stützbein 2 anliegende Gleitfläche 13 eingelassen. Die Gleitfläche 13 weist einen geringen Reibungsbeiwert auf.During the lowering of the support legs 2 when the platform 1 is floating, the wave-related movement of the platform 1 causes uncontrollable impacts on the support legs in a horizontal direction. These blows can damage the guides of the support legs 2 within the platform 1. To be able to absorb these blows; each support leg 2 is guided in two bearings 8 and 9 which are designed to be precise. The bearing 8 arranged in the upper part of the platform 1 is flexible on all sides. In this way, the support leg 2 guided in the bearing 8 can perform oscillating movements about the pivot point D, which corresponds to the center point of the bearing 8. The bearing 8 is formed from individual segments 10 which are arranged at a distance in the circumferential direction around the support leg 2. The segments 10 consist of an elastically deformable material such. B. made of rubber. On their rear side, the segments 10 with a steel plate 11 z. B. connected by gluing. The steel plate 11 is attached to the platform 1. The segments 10 are enclosed by a shell 12 on the side facing the support leg 2. A sliding surface 13 resting on the support leg 2 is embedded in the shell 12. The sliding surface 13 has a low coefficient of friction.

Das im unteren Teil der Plattform 1 angeordnete Lager 9 kann nur in radialer Richtung nachgeben. Das Lager 9 ist durch zwei übereinander liegende in sich geschlossene Ringe gebildet, deren Wände 14 aus einem nachgiebigen Material z. B. aus Gummi bestehen. Die Wände 14 umschließen einen Innenraum 15, der wahlweise mit einem inkompressiblen Medium wie Wasser oder einem kompressiblen Medium wie Luft gefüllt ist. Die Zu- bzw. Abfuhr von Wasser erfolgt durch einen unteren Stutzen 16 und die Zu bzw. Abfuhr der Luft durch einen oberen Stutzen 17, die durch die hintere Wand 14 des Lagers 9 geführt sind. Die Wände des Lagers 9 sind durch aufgelegte Platten 18 und 19 verstärkt. Dabei ist die Breite der Platte 19 geringer als die Breite des Lagers 9. In die dem Stützbein 2 zugewandten Platte 18 ist eine Gleitfläche 13 vor geringen Reibungsbeiwert eingelassen.The bearing 9 arranged in the lower part of the platform 1 can only yield in the radial direction. The bearing 9 is formed by two superimposed self-contained rings, the walls 14 of a resilient material such. B. consist of rubber. The walls 14 enclose an interior 15 which is optionally filled with an incompressible medium such as water or a compressible medium such as air. The supply and removal of water takes place through a lower connection 16 and the supply and removal of air through an upper connection 17, which are guided through the rear wall 14 of the bearing 9. The walls of the bearing 9 are reinforced by plates 18 and 19. The width of the plate 19 is less than the width of the bearing 9. A sliding surface 13 is inserted into the plate 18 facing the support leg 2, with a low coefficient of friction.

Während des Absenkens der Stützbeine 2 ist der Innenraum 15 des Lagers 9 mit Luft gefüllt. Dank der Inkompressibilität der Luft kann das Lager 9 in radialer Richtung elastisch nachgeben. Haben die Stützbeine 2 auf der Unterkonstruktion 3 aufgesetzt und soll die Plattform 2 angehoben werden, so wird die Luft aus dem Innenraum 15 durch Wasser vollständig verdrängt. In diesem Fall ist das Lager 9 völlig unnachgiebig und wirkt wie eine Zentriervorrichtung. Auf diese V/eise wird eine feste Führung der Stützbeine 2 erreicht.During the lowering of the support legs 2, the interior 15 of the bearing 9 is filled with air. Thanks to the incompressibility of the air, the bearing 9 can yield elastically in the radial direction. Have the support legs 2 placed on the substructure 3 and the platform 2 is to be raised, then the air from the Interior 15 completely displaced by water. In this case, the bearing 9 is completely unyielding and acts like a centering device. In this way, firm guidance of the support legs 2 is achieved.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 3 und 4 ist das untere radial nachgiebige Lager durch eine Zentriereinrichtung ersetzt, die aus mehreren, im vorliegenden Fall vier, über den Umfang des Stützbeines 2 verteilt angeordneten Lagerschalen 20 besteht. Jede Lagerschale 20 ist auf den Kolbenstangen zweier Stellzylinder 21 abgestützt. Die Stellzylinder 21 wirken in radialer Richtung und sind horizontal auf der Plattform 1 befestigt. Die Stellzylinder 21, die in den Figuren 3 und 4 in ihren jeweiligen Endstellungen dargestellt sind können Bewegungen des Stützbeines 2 in radialer Richtung um etwa 600 mm nachgeben.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the lower, radially flexible bearing is replaced by a centering device, which consists of several, in the present case four, bearing shells 20 arranged distributed over the circumference of the support leg 2. Each bearing shell 20 is supported on the piston rods of two actuating cylinders 21. The actuating cylinders 21 act in the radial direction and are fastened horizontally on the platform 1. The actuating cylinders 21, which are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in their respective end positions, can yield movements of the support leg 2 in the radial direction by approximately 600 mm.

Die Zylinderräume zweier gegenüber liegender Stellzylinder 21 oder Stellzylindergruppen sind jeweils über eine Verbindungsleitung, in der ein Drossel- und Absperrventil angeordnet ist, verbunden. Bei einem Pendeln des Stützbeines 2 wird das Druckmedium, das aus dem Stellzylinder 21 auf der betreffenden Seite entweicht, über diese Verbindungsleitung in die Stellzylinder 21 auf der gegenüber liegenden Seite des Stützbeines 2 gefördert. Das in der Verbindungsleitung liegende Drosselventil sorgt für eine Dämpfung der Pendelbewegung.The cylinder spaces of two opposing actuating cylinders 21 or actuating cylinder groups are each connected via a connecting line in which a throttle and shut-off valve is arranged. When the support leg 2 oscillates, the pressure medium which escapes from the actuating cylinder 21 on the relevant side is conveyed via this connecting line into the actuating cylinder 21 on the opposite side of the support leg 2. The throttle valve in the connecting line dampens the pendulum motion.

Stehen die Stützbeine 2 auf der Unterkonstruktion 3 auf, so wird das Absperrventil in der Verbindungsleitung geschlossen. Der Kolben desjenigen Stellzylinder 21, deren Lagerschalen 20 sich am weitesten nach außen bewegt haben, werden mit Druckmedium beaufschlagt. Gleichzeitig wird das überschüssige Druckmedium aus den Kolbenräumen der Stellzylinder auf der gegenüber liegenden Seite des Stützbeines 2 in einen Speicherbehälter abgelassen. Hat das Stützbein 2 seine senkrechte Stellung eingenommen, so werden alle Ventile für die Zufuhr und Abfuhr von Druckmedium gesperrt. Alle Stellzylinder 21 sind dann gleichmäßig beaufschlagt, so daß jetzt ein nachgiebiges Ausweichen des unteren Lagers des Stützbeines ausgeschaltet ist. Anstelle der beschriebenen hydraulischer. Steuerung können die Stellzylinder auch so geschaltet sein, daß die gegen einen Druckspeicher arbeiteten.If the support legs 2 stand on the substructure 3, the shut-off valve in the connecting line is closed. The piston of the actuating cylinder 21, the bearing shells 20 of which have moved furthest outwards, are pressurized with pressure medium. At the same time, the excess pressure medium is discharged from the piston chambers of the actuating cylinders on the opposite side of the support leg 2 into a storage container. If the support leg 2 has assumed its vertical position, all valves for the supply and discharge of pressure medium are blocked. All actuating cylinders 21 are then evenly acted on, so that a flexible evasion of the lower bearing of the support leg is now switched off. Instead of the hydraulic described. Control, the actuating cylinders can also be switched so that they worked against a pressure accumulator.

Claims (6)

1. Hubinseln, deren Plattform mit heb- und senkbaren Stützbeinen versehen ist, die auf einer auf dem Meeresboden abgesenkten Unterkonstruktion abgestützt ; sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Stützbein (2) in zwei auf vertikalem Abstand angeordneten nachgiebigen Lagern (8, 9) geführt ist, daß das eine der Lager (8) um einen Mittelpunkt (D) allseitig nachgiebig und das andere Lager (9) nur radial nachgiebig ausgebildet ist und daß der radiale Ausschlag des anderen Lagers (9) bis zu Unnachgiebigkeit verstellbar ist.1. jack-up platforms, the platform of which is provided with support legs which can be raised and lowered and which are supported on a substructure lowered on the seabed; are characterized in that each support leg (2) is guided in two flexible bearings (8, 9) arranged at a vertical distance, that one of the bearings (8) is flexible on all sides around a center point (D) and the other bearing (9) is only designed to be radially resilient and that the radial deflection of the other bearing (9) is adjustable to the point of non-compliance. 2. Hubinsel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das eine Lager (8) aus einzelnen in Umfangsrichtung auf Abstand angeordneten Segmenten (10) gebildet ist, die aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material bestehen und die einseitig mit der Plattform (1) verbunden sind.2. Lifting island according to claim 1, characterized in that the one bearing (8) is formed from individual segments (10) arranged at a distance in the circumferential direction, which are made of an elastically deformable material and which are connected on one side to the platform (1). 3. Hubinsel nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das andere Lager (9) Wände (14) aus einem nachgiebigen Material aufweist, die einen Innenraum (15) umschließen, der wahlweise mit einem kompressiblen oder einem inkompressiblen fließfähigen Medium füllbar ist.3. jack-up island according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the other bearing (9) has walls (14) made of a resilient material which enclose an interior (15) which can be filled with either a compressible or an incompressible flowable medium . 4. Hubinsel nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die nachgiebigen Lager (8, 9) auf ihrer dem Stützbein (2) zugewandten Seite mit einer Gleitfläche (13) von geringem Reibungsbeiwert versehen sind.4. jack-up island according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the resilient bearings (8, 9) on their side facing the support leg (2) are provided with a sliding surface (13) of low coefficient of friction. 5. Hubinsel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das radial nachgiebige Lager als Zentriereinrichtung ausgebildet ist, die aus mehreren, über den Umfang jedes Stützbeines (2) angeordneten Lagerschalen (20) besteht und daß die Lagerschalen (20) auf den Kolbenstangen von innerhalb der Plattform (1) angeordneten Stellzylindern (21) abgestützt sind, deren Kolben wahlweise frei nachgeben oder gleichmäßig beaufschlagt sind.5. Jack according to claim 1, characterized in that the radially flexible bearing is designed as a centering device, which consists of several, over the circumference of each support leg (2) arranged bearing shells (20) and that the bearing shells (20) on the piston rods from within the platform (1) arranged actuating cylinders (21) are supported, the pistons of which yield freely or are acted upon evenly. 6. Hubinsel nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kolbenräume zweier gegcnüber liegender Stellzylinder (21) über eine mit einem Drossel- und Absperrventil versehene Verbindungsleitung verbunden sind.6. Lifting island according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that the piston spaces of two opposing actuating cylinders (21) are connected via a connecting line provided with a throttle and shut-off valve.
EP79102892A 1978-09-29 1979-08-10 Raisable island Expired EP0009576B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2842499A DE2842499C2 (en) 1978-09-29 1978-09-29 Jack-up platform
DE2842499 1978-09-29

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EP0009576A1 true EP0009576A1 (en) 1980-04-16
EP0009576B1 EP0009576B1 (en) 1983-06-15

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US (1) US4318640A (en)
EP (1) EP0009576B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5555715A (en)
DE (1) DE2842499C2 (en)
DK (1) DK393779A (en)
FI (1) FI66953C (en)
IE (1) IE48846B1 (en)
NO (1) NO152460C (en)

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JPS623892U (en) * 1985-06-20 1987-01-10
US5092712A (en) * 1990-06-07 1992-03-03 Jerome Goldman Inclined leg jack-up platform with flexible leg guides
US5743677A (en) * 1996-03-29 1998-04-28 Oil States Industries, Inc. Subsea multi-segmented pile gripper
GB2319004B (en) * 1996-11-04 2001-03-07 Roy Malcolm Bennnett Offshore jack-up platform with inclined legs
EP2770112B1 (en) * 2013-02-20 2016-02-17 Overdick GmbH & co. KG Lifting device for offshore platforms
DE102013004222A1 (en) 2013-03-11 2014-09-11 Teemu J. T. Kiviniemi Jack-up ship with at least one buoyant body extending longitudinally in the direction of travel
DE202013010071U1 (en) 2013-11-06 2013-12-16 Teemu J. T. Kiviniemi Watercraft of the Small Waterplane Area type

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GB1078607A (en) * 1965-01-08 1967-08-09 Werf Gusto V H A F Smulders Fa Offshore drilling or similar platform
US3828561A (en) * 1971-11-26 1974-08-13 Offshore Co Drilling platform
DE2159081A1 (en) * 1971-11-29 1973-06-14 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag GUIDE ELEMENT FOR VERTICALLY MOVABLE HEAVY DUTY SYSTEMS, IN PARTICULAR TROUGH FOR VERTICAL SHIP LIFTS
US3986368A (en) * 1975-05-27 1976-10-19 Levingston Shipbuilding Company Load equalizing and shock absorber system for off-shore drilling rigs
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI66953B (en) 1984-08-31
NO792698L (en) 1980-04-01
US4318640A (en) 1982-03-09
EP0009576B1 (en) 1983-06-15
IE48846B1 (en) 1985-05-29
IE791856L (en) 1980-03-29
FI792856A (en) 1980-03-30
NO152460B (en) 1985-06-24
DE2842499C2 (en) 1982-04-08
NO152460C (en) 1985-10-02
JPS5555715A (en) 1980-04-23
FI66953C (en) 1984-12-10
JPS6260534B2 (en) 1987-12-16
DE2842499A1 (en) 1980-04-10
DK393779A (en) 1980-03-30

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