EP3409838B1 - Buoyant body for forming of bridge sections - Google Patents

Buoyant body for forming of bridge sections Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3409838B1
EP3409838B1 EP17173632.5A EP17173632A EP3409838B1 EP 3409838 B1 EP3409838 B1 EP 3409838B1 EP 17173632 A EP17173632 A EP 17173632A EP 3409838 B1 EP3409838 B1 EP 3409838B1
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Prior art keywords
float
support
buoyancy body
bridge
water
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EP17173632.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3409838A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Fraundorfer
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General Dynamics European Land Systems Bridge Systems GmbH
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General Dynamics European Land Systems Bridge Systems GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
    • E01D15/14—Floating bridges, e.g. pontoon bridges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a floating body for forming bridge sections and a floating bridge arrangement comprising such floating bodies.
  • swimming bridges such as a pontoon bridge are suitable for this.
  • floating bridges such as pontoon bridges are to remain erected at a certain point for a longer period, they are anchored to the land or by towing anchors.
  • floating bridges can only take a limited load. In some cases, however, it is necessary to transport heavy vehicles or heavy loads across a body of water whose weight exceeds the buoyancy of a floating bridge.
  • supports are attached to the pontoons to increase the load-bearing capacity of the bridge.
  • a pontoon with support is for example in the DE 1 784 572 A described.
  • Such supports then also serve to anchor the pontoon bridges at a certain point.
  • a floating body according to the preamble of claim 1 is in the GB 665,986 disclosed.
  • the length of the supports is chosen so that the unloaded buoyancy body protrudes completely from a body of water, so as not to provide any flow resistance in flowing bodies of water.
  • the load on the pontoon bridge is almost entirely borne by the supports.
  • the supports In order to be able to absorb high loads, the supports are therefore usually very stable and therefore relatively heavy. On the one hand, this results in high manufacturing costs and, on the other hand, because of the high weight of the supports, it creates difficulties when transporting the pontoon elements over the road.
  • the unloaded buoyancy body is deliberately completely or partially immersed in the water, so that part of the load acting on the bridge is absorbed by the buoyancy force of the buoyancy body and the load acting on the pontoon bridge is absorbed by the supports as is also carried by the floats.
  • the water level of the body of water plays an important role. If the water level rises only slightly, there is already a risk that the bridge will be flooded. If the water level is too low, the float cannot take up any load. As a result, the DE 1 784 572 A
  • the arrangement described is sensibly used only in stagnant waters with a hardly changing water level.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the supports and the buoyancy bodies are coupled to one another in the previous arrangements, which means that the load that a floating body can absorb when it is anchored to the ground is less than the sum of the loads that are caused by the supports alone and could be absorbed by the buoyancy bodies alone. This is especially the case when the buoyancy body protrudes too far from the water surface due to the selected length of the supports, so that the buoyancy force of the buoyancy body is only very low. As a rule, however, this arrangement will be selected in order to avoid flooding of a roadway provided on the surface of the float when the water level rises.
  • the buoyancy force of the buoyancy body is often not used sufficiently in conventional bridges to increase the maximum load of a bridge for given supports or to reduce the force acting on the supports.
  • buoyancy force of the buoyancy body is dependent on the length of the support when it is firmly anchored.
  • the at least one support is mounted displaceably relative to the buoyancy body, with the result that the float is still held by the support and can thus be firmly anchored, but the buoyancy body has a variable buoyancy force despite the fixed support.
  • the buoyancy body can therefore be pushed deeper into the water from a basic position than in the basic position, so that a higher buoyancy force acts than in the basic position.
  • part of the load acting on the float is absorbed by the buoyancy body and the force acting on the supports with a comparable load on the float is less than in arrangements with a fixed connection between the floatation body and supports.
  • the supports can thus be designed more easily and more cost-effectively than with previously known floating bodies with supports. With the help of the present invention it is thus also possible to apply a higher load to a floating body with the known supports.
  • the float When the water level rises, the float can adapt to the water level, so that the risk of flooding a roadway provided on the surface of the float is reduced.
  • the buoyancy body is vertically displaceable with respect to the support in order to optimally use the buoyancy force and not to change the lane plane provided on the top of the buoyant body, in particular to avoid tilting a lane plane provided on the upper side of the buoyant body.
  • a bearing with a bearing unit is provided between the buoyancy body and the support.
  • the support and / or the buoyancy body is connected to the bearing unit via an articulated connection.
  • the articulated connection offers the possibility that the anchoring at the bottom of the body of water can also take place in places that cannot be reached without deflecting the support in order to better adapt to the conditions of the ground. In flowing waters, the deflection of the supports has the additional advantage that flow forces can be absorbed.
  • the float has side walls, the bearing unit being attached to one of the side walls of the float. This enables a simple construction of the float.
  • a bearing unit with a spring element is provided between the support and the float in order to control the immersion depth of the float or to set the maximum immersion depth.
  • the spring element also serves to ensure that the buoyancy body and the support can be continuously displaced relative to one another.
  • the mounting in such a way that the spring element is tensioned when the float is pressed into the water.
  • the restoring force of the spring element is used to provide a further supporting force in addition to the buoyancy force of the float, so that the float can carry high loads.
  • the spring element is preferably designed so that in an operating state in which the lower end of the support is attached to the bottom of a body of water, the maximum compression of the spring element is achieved when the top of the float is at the level of the water level. This ensures that the top of the float does not immerse in the water even under maximum load.
  • the bearing unit is designed like a reciprocating piston with a bearing sleeve, a piston displaceable with the bearing sleeve and a spring element, the spring element being arranged in the space formed by the bearing sleeve and the piston.
  • the bearing sleeve can be arranged on the float and the piston on the support or, according to a second embodiment, the bearing sleeve can be arranged on the support and the piston on the float.
  • the spring element can be designed pneumatically, hydraulically or mechanically.
  • the subject of the present invention is also a swimming bridge arrangement comprising at least one floating body according to one of the preceding claims.
  • the floating bridge device is preferably an amphibious bridge system or a pontoon bridge.
  • a pontoon bridge is understood to mean a bridge in which the floating bodies are connected to one another. Usually there is a roadway on it the top of the interconnected floats. In an amphibious bridge system, the bridge is formed from several amphibious bridge vehicles.
  • Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of a floating body 10 for the formation of bridge elements in a body of water in a side view.
  • the floating body 10 designed as a pontoon, comprises a cuboid-shaped buoyancy body 12 with four side walls 14 and two extendable rod-like supports 16a, 16b.
  • Each support 16a, 16b is arranged with its upper end 18 on a side wall 14 of the float 12, each support 16a, 16b being firmly connected to the float 12 via a bearing unit 20a, 20b.
  • the lower end 22 of each support 16a, 16b is attached to the bottom of a body of water.
  • left support 16b is as an inclined support
  • the in Fig. 1 shown right support 16a is designed as a vertical support.
  • a roadway can be provided on the upper side of the float 12.
  • the length of the extendable supports 16a and 16b can be selected as desired and adapted to the distance between the buoyancy body 12 and the bottom of the body of water. Ideally, the length of the extendable supports 16a, 16b is adapted to the surroundings in such a way that the float 12 floats on the water and the supports 16a and 16b merely act as anchoring for the float 12. The supports 16a and 16b neither pull the float 12 under water nor do they lift the drive body out of the water.
  • Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a storage unit 120 for a vertical support 116.
  • the storage unit 120 is attached to a side wall 114 of the float 112.
  • the bearing unit 120 is designed like a reciprocating piston and comprises a bearing sleeve 130, a piston 132 displaceable in the bearing sleeve 130 and a spring element 134, the spring element 134 being arranged in the space 136 formed by the bearing sleeve 130 and the piston 132.
  • the spring element 134 is a hydraulic spring element which has a hydraulic fluid and a storage container 138.
  • the support 116 is connected to the piston 132.
  • the bearing sleeve 130 shifts together with the buoyancy body 112 downwards in the direction of the bottom of the water.
  • the support 116 remains in its original position, so that the buoyancy body 112 is displaced vertically with respect to the support.
  • the hydraulic fluid of the spring element 134 is compressed. The compressed hydraulic fluid counteracts the load acting on the float 112, so that only part of the force acting on the float 112 has to be absorbed by the support 116.
  • the space 136 for receiving the hydraulic fluid is dimensioned so that the maximum compression of the hydraulic fluid is then achieved is when the top of the float is at the water level.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a storage unit 220, which differs from that in FIG Fig. 2
  • the embodiment shown differs in that a mechanical spring element in the form of a spring 240 is used instead of a hydraulic spring element.
  • a mechanical spring element in the form of a spring 240 is used instead of a hydraulic spring element.
  • the illustrated embodiments of a storage unit are particularly suitable for vertical supports. However, they can also be used with inclined supports.
  • a bearing unit 320 is shown which is particularly suitable for an inclined support 316.
  • the bearing unit 320 is designed like a reciprocating piston and has a bearing sleeve 330, a piston 332 displaceable in the bearing sleeve 330 and a spring element in the form of a spring 334, the spring element being arranged in the space 336 formed by the bearing sleeve 330 and the piston 332.
  • a rod 342 is arranged parallel to and at a distance from the side wall of the float 312. One end of the rod 342 is fastened to the float 312 and the other end to the piston 332 of the bearing unit 320, so that the rod 342 can be displaced with respect to the bearing sleeve 330.
  • the support 316 is connected to the bearing sleeve 330 via a joint 344.
  • a pivotable support beam 346 is also provided between the bearing sleeve 330 and the support 316.
  • the rod 342 together with the float 312 is pressed down towards the bottom of the water. Since the support 316 remains in its original position, the spring 334 is compressed. The buoyancy body 312 is displaced downward in the vertical direction relative to the inclined support 316. The compressed spring 334 counteracts the load acting on the buoyancy body 312, so that only part of the force acting on the buoyancy body 312 has to be absorbed by the inclined support 316.
  • pontoon-like buoyancy body 12 is only intended to serve as an illustration.
  • all floating bodies are included in which at least one vertical or inclined support is attached to the buoyancy body by means of a bearing unit, wherein the support and the buoyancy body can be displaced relative to one another, in particular being displaceable relative to one another in a stepless manner.
  • the buoyancy body thus stands for any propellant element that is suitable for the construction of bridges. It can be equipped like pontoons without its own drive or like an amphibious vehicle with its own drive.
  • floating bodies 10 with vertical and inclined supports 16a, 16b can thus be used both in an amphibious bridge ( Fig. 6 ) as well as in a pontoon bridge ( Fig. 7 ) can be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Schwimmkörper zur Ausbildung von Brückenabschnitten und eine Schwimmbrückenanordnung umfassend solche Schwimmkörper.The present invention relates to a floating body for forming bridge sections and a floating bridge arrangement comprising such floating bodies.

Für zivile und militärische Zwecke kann es notwendig sein, provisorische Brücken über ein Gewässer zu errichten. Hierfür eignen sich Schwimmbrücken, wie z.B. eine Pontonbrücke.For civil and military purposes it may be necessary to build temporary bridges over a body of water. Swimming bridges such as a pontoon bridge are suitable for this.

Sollen solche Schwimmbrücken wie Pontonbrücken länger an einer bestimmten Stelle aufgebaut bleiben, werden diese mit dem Land oder durch Schleppanker verankert.If floating bridges such as pontoon bridges are to remain erected at a certain point for a longer period, they are anchored to the land or by towing anchors.

Schwimmbrücken können jedoch nur eine begrenzte Last aufnehmen. In manchen Fällen ist es jedoch notwendig, schwere Fahrzeuge oder schwere Lasten über ein Gewässer zu transportieren, deren Gewichtskraft die Auftriebskräfte einer Schwimmbrücke übersteigen.However, floating bridges can only take a limited load. In some cases, however, it is necessary to transport heavy vehicles or heavy loads across a body of water whose weight exceeds the buoyancy of a floating bridge.

In diesen Fällen werden an den Pontons Stützen angebracht, um die Traglast der Brücke zu erhöhen. Ein solcher Ponton mit Stütze ist beispielsweise in der DE 1 784 572 A beschrieben. Solche Stützen dienen dann auch der Verankerung der Pontonbrücken an einer bestimmten Stelle Ein Schwimmkörper gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist in der GB 665,986 offenbart.In these cases, supports are attached to the pontoons to increase the load-bearing capacity of the bridge. Such a pontoon with support is for example in the DE 1 784 572 A described. Such supports then also serve to anchor the pontoon bridges at a certain point. A floating body according to the preamble of claim 1 is in the GB 665,986 disclosed.

Üblicherweise wird die Länge der Stützen so gewählt, dass der unbelastete Auftriebskörper vollständig aus einem Gewässer herausragt, um in strömenden Gewässern keinen Strömungswiderstand zu liefern. In dieser Anordnung wird die auf die Pontonbrücke wirkende Last fast vollständig von den Stützen getragen.Usually, the length of the supports is chosen so that the unloaded buoyancy body protrudes completely from a body of water, so as not to provide any flow resistance in flowing bodies of water. In this arrangement, the load on the pontoon bridge is almost entirely borne by the supports.

Um hohe Lasten aufnehmen zu können, sind die Stützen daher in der Regel sehr stabil ausgebildet und somit verhältnismäßig schwer. Dies hat zum einen hohe Fertigungskosten zur Folge und bereitet zum anderen aufgrund des hohen Gewichts der Stützen Schwierigkeiten beim Transport der Pontonelemente über die Straße.In order to be able to absorb high loads, the supports are therefore usually very stable and therefore relatively heavy. On the one hand, this results in high manufacturing costs and, on the other hand, because of the high weight of the supports, it creates difficulties when transporting the pontoon elements over the road.

In der DE 1 784572 A ist eine Ausführungsform beschrieben, bei der der unbelastete Auftriebskörper bewusst ganz oder teilweise in das Wasser eingetaucht wird, so dass ein Teil der auf die Brücke wirkenden Last von der Auftriebskraft der Auftriebskörper aufgenommen wird und die auf die Pontonbrücke wirkende Last sowohl von den Stützen als auch von den Auftriebskörpern getragen wird. Bei dieser Anordnung spielt der Wasserstand des Gewässers eine wichtige Rolle. Steigt der Wasserstand nur geringfügig, besteht bereits die Gefahr, dass die Brücke überflutet wird. Bei einem zu geringen Wasserstand kann der Auftriebskörper keine Last aufnehmen. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die in der DE 1 784 572 A beschriebene Anordnung sinnvollerweise nur in stehenden Gewässern mit einem sich kaum ändernden Wasserstand eingesetzt wird.In the DE 1 784572 A an embodiment is described in which the unloaded buoyancy body is deliberately completely or partially immersed in the water, so that part of the load acting on the bridge is absorbed by the buoyancy force of the buoyancy body and the load acting on the pontoon bridge is absorbed by the supports as is also carried by the floats. In this arrangement, the water level of the body of water plays an important role. If the water level rises only slightly, there is already a risk that the bridge will be flooded. If the water level is too low, the float cannot take up any load. As a result, the DE 1 784 572 A The arrangement described is sensibly used only in stagnant waters with a hardly changing water level.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Schwimmkörper zur Ausbildung von Brückenabschnitten bereitzustellen, der hohe Lasten aufnehmen kann, vergleichsweise günstig herstellbar ist, flexibel sowohl in stehenden als auch in strömenden Gewässern einsetzbar ist und insbesondere einfach transportierbar ist.It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a floating body for forming bridge sections that can absorb high loads, is comparatively inexpensive to manufacture, can be used flexibly in both standing and flowing waters and, in particular, is easy to transport.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Schwimmkörper zur Ausbildung von Brückenabschnitten gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a floating body for forming bridge sections according to claim 1.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass bei den bisherigen Anordnungen die Stützen und die Auftriebskörper miteinander gekoppelt sind, was dazu führt, dass die Last, die ein Schwimmkörper im am Boden verankerten Zustand aufnehmen kann, geringer ist als die Summe der Lasten, welche durch die Stützen allein und durch die Auftriebskörper allein aufgenommen werden könnten. Dies ist vor allem dann der Fall, wenn der Auftriebskörper aufgrund der gewählten Länge der Stützen zu weit aus der Wasseroberfläche hinausragt, so dass die Auftriebskraft des Auftriebskörpers nur noch sehr gering ist. In der Regel wird man jedoch diese Anordnung wählen, um ein Überfluten einer auf der Oberfläche des Auftriebskörpers vorgesehenen Fahrbahn bei steigendem Wasserspiegel zu vermeiden.The invention is based on the knowledge that the supports and the buoyancy bodies are coupled to one another in the previous arrangements, which means that the load that a floating body can absorb when it is anchored to the ground is less than the sum of the loads that are caused by the supports alone and could be absorbed by the buoyancy bodies alone. This is especially the case when the buoyancy body protrudes too far from the water surface due to the selected length of the supports, so that the buoyancy force of the buoyancy body is only very low. As a rule, however, this arrangement will be selected in order to avoid flooding of a roadway provided on the surface of the float when the water level rises.

Da die bisherigen Pontonbrücken nicht flexibel auf den Wasserstand anpassbar sind, wird bei herkömmlichen Brücken somit die Auftriebskraft des Auftriebskörpers häufig nicht ausreichend ausgenutzt, um die maximale Last einer Brücke bei gegebenen Stützen zu erhöhen bzw. die auf die Stützen wirkende Kraft zu reduzieren.Since the previous pontoon bridges cannot be flexibly adjusted to the water level, the buoyancy force of the buoyancy body is often not used sufficiently in conventional bridges to increase the maximum load of a bridge for given supports or to reduce the force acting on the supports.

Des Weiteren wurde erkannt, dass die Auftriebskraft des Auftriebskörpers von der Länge der Stütze im fest verankerten Zustand abhängig ist.It was also recognized that the buoyancy force of the buoyancy body is dependent on the length of the support when it is firmly anchored.

Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die mindestens eine Stütze gegenüber dem Auftriebskörper verschiebbar gelagert, was zur Folge hat, dass der Schwimmkörper weiterhin durch die Stütze gehalten wird und somit fest verankerbar ist, der Auftriebskörper aber trotz feststehender Stütze eine variable Auftriebskraft hat. Für den Fall, dass in einem Gewässer eine hohe Last auf den Schwimmkörper wirkt, kann der Auftriebskörper somit ausgehend von einer Grundposition tiefer in das Wasser gedrückt werden als in der Grundposition, so dass eine höhere Auftriebskraft als in der Grundposition wirkt. Dies führt dazu, dass ein Teil der auf den Schwimmkörper wirkenden Last von dem Auftriebskörper aufgenommen wird und die auf die Stützen wirkende Kraft bei vergleichbarer Last auf dem Schwimmkörper geringer ist als bei Anordnungen mit einer festen Verbindung zwischen Auftriebskörper und Stützen.In the present invention, the at least one support is mounted displaceably relative to the buoyancy body, with the result that the float is still held by the support and can thus be firmly anchored, but the buoyancy body has a variable buoyancy force despite the fixed support. In the event that a high load acts on the float in a body of water, the buoyancy body can therefore be pushed deeper into the water from a basic position than in the basic position, so that a higher buoyancy force acts than in the basic position. As a result, part of the load acting on the float is absorbed by the buoyancy body and the force acting on the supports with a comparable load on the float is less than in arrangements with a fixed connection between the floatation body and supports.

Die Stützen können somit leichter und kostengünstiger als bei bisher bekannten Schwimmkörpern mit Stützen ausgebildet werden. Mit Hilfe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es somit auch möglich, einen Schwimmkörper mit den bekannten Stützen mit einer höheren Last zu beaufschlagen.The supports can thus be designed more easily and more cost-effectively than with previously known floating bodies with supports. With the help of the present invention it is thus also possible to apply a higher load to a floating body with the known supports.

Bei steigendem Wasserspiegel kann sich der Auftriebskörper dem Wasserspiegel anpassen, so dass die Gefahr der Überflutung einer an der Oberfläche des Auftriebskörpers vorgesehenen Fahrbahn reduziert ist.When the water level rises, the float can adapt to the water level, so that the risk of flooding a roadway provided on the surface of the float is reduced.

Erfindungsgemäß ist der Auftriebskörper gegenüber der Stütze vertikal verschiebbar, um die Auftriebskraft optimal zu nutzen und die auf der Oberseite des Auftriebskörpers vorgesehene Fahrbahnebene nicht zu verändern, insbesondere um ein Verkippen einer auf der Oberseite des Auftriebskörpers vorgesehenen Fahrbahnebene zu vermeiden.According to the invention, the buoyancy body is vertically displaceable with respect to the support in order to optimally use the buoyancy force and not to change the lane plane provided on the top of the buoyant body, in particular to avoid tilting a lane plane provided on the upper side of the buoyant body.

Es ist erfindungsgemäß, dass zwischen Auftriebskörper und der Stütze eine Lagerung mit einer Lagereinheit vorgesehen ist.According to the invention, a bearing with a bearing unit is provided between the buoyancy body and the support.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung ist die Stütze und/oder der Auftriebskörper über eine Gelenkverbindung mit der Lagereinheit verbunden. Die Gelenkverbindung bietet die Möglichkeit, dass die Verankerung am Boden des Gewässers auch an Stellen erfolgen kann, die ohne Auslenkung der Stütze nicht erreicht werden können, um sich so besser den Gegebenheiten des Bodens anzupassen. In strömenden Gewässern hat die Auslenkung der Stützen den zusätzlichen Vorteil, dass dadurch Strömungskräfte aufgenommen werden können.According to a preferred development, the support and / or the buoyancy body is connected to the bearing unit via an articulated connection. The articulated connection offers the possibility that the anchoring at the bottom of the body of water can also take place in places that cannot be reached without deflecting the support in order to better adapt to the conditions of the ground. In flowing waters, the deflection of the supports has the additional advantage that flow forces can be absorbed.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist der Auftriebskörper Seitenwände auf, wobei die Lagereinheit an einer der Seitenwände des Auftriebskörpers befestigt ist. Dies ermöglicht einen einfachen Aufbau des Schwimmkörpers.In a preferred embodiment, the float has side walls, the bearing unit being attached to one of the side walls of the float. This enables a simple construction of the float.

Erfindungsgemäß ist zwischen der Stütze und dem Auftriebskörper eine Lagereinheit mit einem Federelement vorgesehen, um die Eintauchtiefe des Auftriebskörpers zu kontrollieren bzw. die maximale Eintauchtiefe einzustellen. Das Federelement dient darüber hinaus dazu, dass der Auftriebskörper und die Stütze stufenlos gegeneinander verschiebbar sind.According to the invention, a bearing unit with a spring element is provided between the support and the float in order to control the immersion depth of the float or to set the maximum immersion depth. The spring element also serves to ensure that the buoyancy body and the support can be continuously displaced relative to one another.

Es ist von Vorteil, die Lagerung so auszulegen, dass sich das Federelement spannt, wenn der Auftriebskörper ins Wasser gedrückt wird. Die Rückstellkraft des Federelements wird genutzt, um zusätzlich zur Auftriebskraft des Auftriebskörpers eine weitere Stützkraft bereitzustellen, so dass der Schwimmkörper hohe Lasten tragen kann.It is advantageous to design the mounting in such a way that the spring element is tensioned when the float is pressed into the water. The restoring force of the spring element is used to provide a further supporting force in addition to the buoyancy force of the float, so that the float can carry high loads.

Vorzugsweise ist das Federelement so ausgelegt, dass in einem Betriebszustand, in dem das untere Ende der Stütze auf dem Boden eines Gewässers befestigt ist, die maximale Kompression des Federelementes dann erreicht ist, wenn die Oberseite des Auftriebskörpers auf Höhe des Wasserspiegels ist. So ist gewährleistet, dass selbst bei maximaler Belastung die Oberseite des Auftriebskörpers nicht in das Wasser eintaucht.The spring element is preferably designed so that in an operating state in which the lower end of the support is attached to the bottom of a body of water, the maximum compression of the spring element is achieved when the top of the float is at the level of the water level. This ensures that the top of the float does not immerse in the water even under maximum load.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die Lagereinheit hubkolbenartig mit einer Lagerhülse, einem mit der Lagerhülse verschiebbaren Kolben und einem Federelement ausgebildet, wobei das Federelement in dem von der Lagerhülse und dem Kolben gebildeten Raum angeordnet ist. Hierbei können gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform die Lagerhülse an dem Auftriebskörper und der Kolben an der Stütze oder gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform die Lagerhülse an der Stütze und der Kolben an dem Auftriebskörper angeordnet sein.According to the invention, the bearing unit is designed like a reciprocating piston with a bearing sleeve, a piston displaceable with the bearing sleeve and a spring element, the spring element being arranged in the space formed by the bearing sleeve and the piston. Here, according to a first embodiment, the bearing sleeve can be arranged on the float and the piston on the support or, according to a second embodiment, the bearing sleeve can be arranged on the support and the piston on the float.

Das Federelement kann pneumatisch, hydraulisch oder mechanisch ausgebildet sein.The spring element can be designed pneumatically, hydraulically or mechanically.

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ebenfalls eine Schwimmbrückenanordnung, umfassend wenigstens einen Schwimmkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.The subject of the present invention is also a swimming bridge arrangement comprising at least one floating body according to one of the preceding claims.

Vorzugsweise ist die Schwimmbrückenvorrichtung ein amphibisches Brückensystem oder eine Pontonbrücke. Unter einer Pontonbrücke wird eine Brücke verstanden, bei der die Schwimmkörper miteinander verbunden sind. In der Regel befindet sich eine Fahrbahn auf der Oberseite der miteinander verbundenen Schwimmkörper. Bei einem amphibischen Brückensystem wird die Brücke aus mehreren amphibischen Brückenfahrzeugen gebildet.The floating bridge device is preferably an amphibious bridge system or a pontoon bridge. A pontoon bridge is understood to mean a bridge in which the floating bodies are connected to one another. Usually there is a roadway on it the top of the interconnected floats. In an amphibious bridge system, the bridge is formed from several amphibious bridge vehicles.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden in den nachfolgenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Schwimmkörper mit einer schrägen und einer vertikalen Stütze in einer Seitenansicht;
Fig. 2
einen Längsschnitt durch eine Lagereinheit gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform;
Fig. 3
einen Längsschnitt durch eine Lagereinheit gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform;
Fig. 4
einen Längsschnitt durch eine Lagereinheit gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform;
Fig. 5
einen Querschnitt durch die in Fig. 4 dargestellte Lagereinheit;
Fig. 6
ein amphibisches Brückensystem; und
Fig. 7
eine Pontonbrücke.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail in the following drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a float with an inclined and a vertical support in a side view;
Fig. 2
a longitudinal section through a storage unit according to a first embodiment;
Fig. 3
a longitudinal section through a storage unit according to a second embodiment;
Fig. 4
a longitudinal section through a storage unit according to a third embodiment;
Fig. 5
a cross-section through the in Fig. 4 storage unit shown;
Fig. 6
an amphibious bridge system; and
Fig. 7
a pontoon bridge.

Fig. 1 zeigt den prinzipiellen Aufbau eines Schwimmkörpers 10 zur Ausbildung von Brückenelementen in einem Gewässer in einer Seitenansicht. Der als Ponton ausgebildete Schwimmkörper 10 umfasst einen quaderförmigen Auftriebskörper 12 mit vier Seitenwänden 14 sowie zwei ausfahrbaren stangenartigen Stützen 16a, 16b. Jede Stütze 16a, 16b ist mit ihrem oberen Ende 18 an einer Seitenwand 14 des Auftriebskörpers 12 angeordnet, wobei jede Stütze 16a, 16b über eine Lagereinheit 20a, 20b mit dem Auftriebskörper 12 fest verbunden ist. In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Anordnung ist das untere Ende 22 jeder Stütze 16a, 16b am Boden eines Gewässers befestigt. Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte linke Stütze 16b ist als schräge Stütze und die in Fig. 1 dargestellte rechte Stütze 16a ist als vertikale Stütze ausgebildet. Auf der Oberseite des Auftriebskörpers 12 kann eine Fahrbahn vorgesehen sein. Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of a floating body 10 for the formation of bridge elements in a body of water in a side view. The floating body 10, designed as a pontoon, comprises a cuboid-shaped buoyancy body 12 with four side walls 14 and two extendable rod-like supports 16a, 16b. Each support 16a, 16b is arranged with its upper end 18 on a side wall 14 of the float 12, each support 16a, 16b being firmly connected to the float 12 via a bearing unit 20a, 20b. In the in Fig. 1 illustrated arrangement, the lower end 22 of each support 16a, 16b is attached to the bottom of a body of water. In the Fig. 1 shown left support 16b is as an inclined support and the in Fig. 1 shown right support 16a is designed as a vertical support. A roadway can be provided on the upper side of the float 12.

Die Länge der ausfahrbaren Stützen 16a und 16b kann beliebig gewählt und dem Abstand zwischen Auftriebskörper 12 und Boden des Gewässers angepasst werden. Idealerweise ist die Länge der ausfahrbaren Stützen 16a, 16b so an die Umgebung angepasst, dass der Auftriebskörper 12 auf dem Wasser treibt und die Stützen 16a und 16b hierbei lediglich als Verankerung für den Auftriebskörper 12 wirken. Die Stützen 16a und 16b ziehen weder den Auftriebskörper 12 unter Wasser noch heben sie den Antriebskörper aus dem Wasser heraus.The length of the extendable supports 16a and 16b can be selected as desired and adapted to the distance between the buoyancy body 12 and the bottom of the body of water. Ideally, the length of the extendable supports 16a, 16b is adapted to the surroundings in such a way that the float 12 floats on the water and the supports 16a and 16b merely act as anchoring for the float 12. The supports 16a and 16b neither pull the float 12 under water nor do they lift the drive body out of the water.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine erste Ausführungsform einer Lagereinheit 120 für eine vertikale Stütze 116. Die Lagereinheit 120 ist an einer Seitenwand 114 des Auftriebskörpers 112 befestigt. Die Lagereinheit 120 ist hubkolbenartig ausgebildet und umfasst eine Lagerhülse 130, einen in der Lagerhülse 130 verschiebbaren Kolben 132 und ein Federelement 134, wobei das Federelement 134 in dem von der Lagerhülse 130 und dem Kolben 132 gebildeten Raum 136 angeordnet ist. Bei dem Federelement 134 handelt es sich um ein hydraulisches Federelement, welches eine hydraulische Flüssigkeit und einen Speicherbehälter 138 aufweist. Die Stütze 116 ist mit dem Kolben 132 verbunden. Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a storage unit 120 for a vertical support 116. The storage unit 120 is attached to a side wall 114 of the float 112. The bearing unit 120 is designed like a reciprocating piston and comprises a bearing sleeve 130, a piston 132 displaceable in the bearing sleeve 130 and a spring element 134, the spring element 134 being arranged in the space 136 formed by the bearing sleeve 130 and the piston 132. The spring element 134 is a hydraulic spring element which has a hydraulic fluid and a storage container 138. The support 116 is connected to the piston 132.

Wird der Auftriebskörper 112 aufgrund einer auf den Auftriebskörper 112 wirkenden Last nach unten in das Wasser gedrückt, verschiebt sich die Lagerhülse 130 zusammen mit dem Auftriebskörper 112 nach unten in Richtung Gewässerboden. Die Stütze 116 bleibt in ihrer ursprünglichen Position, so dass sich der Auftriebskörper 112 gegenüber der Stütze vertikal verschiebt. Hierbei wird die Hydraulikflüssigkeit des Federelements 134 komprimiert. Die komprimierte Hydraulikflüssigkeit wirkt der auf den Auftriebskörper 112 wirkenden Last entgegen, so dass nur ein Teil der auf den Auftriebskörper 112 wirkenden Kraft von der Stütze 116 aufgenommen werden muss.If the buoyancy body 112 is pressed downward into the water due to a load acting on the buoyancy body 112, the bearing sleeve 130 shifts together with the buoyancy body 112 downwards in the direction of the bottom of the water. The support 116 remains in its original position, so that the buoyancy body 112 is displaced vertically with respect to the support. Here, the hydraulic fluid of the spring element 134 is compressed. The compressed hydraulic fluid counteracts the load acting on the float 112, so that only part of the force acting on the float 112 has to be absorbed by the support 116.

Um zu verhindern, dass bei einer sehr hohen Last der Auftriebskörper 112 unter die Wasseroberfläche gedrückt wird und somit eine auf dem Auftriebskörper 112 befindliche Fahrbahn unter Wasser steht, ist der Raum 136 zur Aufnahme der Hydraulikflüssigkeit so bemessen, dass die maximale Kompression der Hydraulikflüssigkeit dann erreicht ist, wenn die Oberseite des Auftriebskörpers auf Höhe des Wasserspiegels ist.In order to prevent the float 112 from being pushed under the water surface in the event of a very high load and thus a roadway on the float 112 from being under water, the space 136 for receiving the hydraulic fluid is dimensioned so that the maximum compression of the hydraulic fluid is then achieved is when the top of the float is at the water level.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Lagereinheit 220, die sich von der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsform dadurch unterscheidet, dass anstelle eines hydraulischen Federelements ein mechanisches Federelement in Form einer Feder 240 verwendet wird. Die Funktionsweise der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Lagereinheit 220 ist analog zu der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Lagereinheit 120, so dass der Auftriebskörper 212 unter Last vertikal gegenüber der Stütze 216 verschoben wird und die dadurch vorgespannte Feder 240 einen Teil der auf der Auftriebskörper 212 wirkenden Kraft aufnimmt. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die Stütze 216 nicht mehr die vollständige Last zu tragen hat. Fig. 3 FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a storage unit 220, which differs from that in FIG Fig. 2 The embodiment shown differs in that a mechanical spring element in the form of a spring 240 is used instead of a hydraulic spring element. How the in Fig. 3 Storage unit 220 shown is analogous to that in FIG Fig. 3 bearing unit 120 shown, so that the buoyancy body 212 is vertical under load is displaced with respect to the support 216 and the spring 240 pretensioned thereby absorbs part of the force acting on the buoyancy body 212. As a result, the support 216 no longer has to bear the full load.

Die in den Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellten Ausführungsformen einer Lagereinheit eignen sich besonders für vertikale Stützen. Sie sind jedoch auch bei schräg stehenden Stützen einsetzbar.The ones in the Figs. 2 and 3 The illustrated embodiments of a storage unit are particularly suitable for vertical supports. However, they can also be used with inclined supports.

In den Fig. 4 und 5 ist eine Lagereinheit 320 gezeigt, die besonders für eine schräge Stütze 316 geeignet ist. Die Lagereinheit 320 ist hubkolbenartig ausgebildet und weist eine Lagerhülse 330, einen in der Lagerhülse 330 verschiebbaren Kolben 332 und ein Federelement in Form einer Feder 334 auf, wobei das Federelement in dem von der Lagerhülse 330 und dem Kolben 332 gebildeten Raum 336 angeordnet ist.In the Figures 4 and 5 a bearing unit 320 is shown which is particularly suitable for an inclined support 316. The bearing unit 320 is designed like a reciprocating piston and has a bearing sleeve 330, a piston 332 displaceable in the bearing sleeve 330 and a spring element in the form of a spring 334, the spring element being arranged in the space 336 formed by the bearing sleeve 330 and the piston 332.

Parallel und mit Abstand zur Seitenwand des Auftriebskörpers 312 ist eine Stange 342 angeordnet. Die Stange 342 ist mit dem einen Ende an dem Auftriebskörper 312 befestigt und mit dem anderen Ende an dem Kolben 332 der Lagereinheit 320, so dass die Stange 342 gegenüber der Lagerhülse 330 verschiebbar ist.A rod 342 is arranged parallel to and at a distance from the side wall of the float 312. One end of the rod 342 is fastened to the float 312 and the other end to the piston 332 of the bearing unit 320, so that the rod 342 can be displaced with respect to the bearing sleeve 330.

Die Stütze 316 ist über ein Gelenk 344 mit der Lagerhülse 330 verbunden. Aus Stabilitätsgründen ist weiterhin ein schwenkbarer Stützbalken 346 zwischen Lagerhülse 330 und Stütze 316 vorgesehen.The support 316 is connected to the bearing sleeve 330 via a joint 344. For reasons of stability, a pivotable support beam 346 is also provided between the bearing sleeve 330 and the support 316.

Wird der Auftriebskörper 312 aufgrund einer auf den Auftriebskörper 312 wirkenden Last nach unten in das Wasser gedrückt, wird die Stange 342 zusammen mit dem Auftriebskörper 312 nach unten in Richtung Gewässerboden gedrückt. Da die Stütze 316 in ihrer ursprünglichen Position bleibt, wird die Feder 334 komprimiert. Der Auftriebskörper 312 verschiebt sich gegenüber der schräg stehenden Stütze 316 in vertikaler Richtung nach unten. Die komprimierte Feder 334 wirkt der auf den Auftriebskörper 312 wirkenden Last entgegen, so dass nur ein Teil der auf den Auftriebskörper 312 wirkenden Kraft von der schräg stehenden Stütze 316 aufgenommen werden muss.If the float 312 is pressed down into the water due to a load acting on the float 312, the rod 342 together with the float 312 is pressed down towards the bottom of the water. Since the support 316 remains in its original position, the spring 334 is compressed. The buoyancy body 312 is displaced downward in the vertical direction relative to the inclined support 316. The compressed spring 334 counteracts the load acting on the buoyancy body 312, so that only part of the force acting on the buoyancy body 312 has to be absorbed by the inclined support 316.

Es versteht sich, dass die Auswahl und Position der Stützen 16a, 16b an dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten pontonartigen Auftriebskörper 12 nur der Anschauung dienen soll. Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind sämtliche Schwimmkörper umfasst, bei denen wenigstens eine vertikale oder eine schräge Stütze mittels einer Lagereinheit an dem Auftriebskörper befestigt ist, wobei die Stütze und der Auftriebskörper gegeneinander verschiebbar, insbesondere stufenlos gegeneinander verschiebbar sind.It goes without saying that the selection and position of the supports 16a, 16b on the in Fig. 1 shown pontoon-like buoyancy body 12 is only intended to serve as an illustration. In the context of the invention, all floating bodies are included in which at least one vertical or inclined support is attached to the buoyancy body by means of a bearing unit, wherein the support and the buoyancy body can be displaced relative to one another, in particular being displaceable relative to one another in a stepless manner.

Der Auftriebskörper steht im Rahmen der Erfindung somit für jedes treibfähige Element, das zum Bau von Brücken geeignet ist. Es kann wie Pontons ohne eigenen Antrieb ausgestattet sein oder wie ein amphibisches Fahrzeug mit einem eigenen Antrieb versehen sein.In the context of the invention, the buoyancy body thus stands for any propellant element that is suitable for the construction of bridges. It can be equipped like pontoons without its own drive or like an amphibious vehicle with its own drive.

Wie die Fig. 6 und 7 zeigen, können Schwimmkörper 10 mit vertikalen und schrägen Stützen 16a, 16b somit sowohl in einer amphibischen Brücke (Fig. 6) als auch in einer Pontonbrücke (Fig. 7) eingesetzt werden.As the Figures 6 and 7 show, floating bodies 10 with vertical and inclined supports 16a, 16b can thus be used both in an amphibious bridge ( Fig. 6 ) as well as in a pontoon bridge ( Fig. 7 ) can be used.

Claims (8)

  1. Float for forming bridge sections, having a buoyancy body (12; 112; 212; 312) and at least one extensible, rod-like support (16a, 16b; 116; 216; 316), which has its upper end (14) arranged on the buoyancy body (12; 112; 212; 312) and can have its lower end (22) fastened on the bed of a body of water, wherein the support (16a, 16b; 116; 216; 316) is designed to absorb at least some of the force which acts on the float, wherein the support (16a, 16b; 116; 216; 316) is mounted in a vertically displaceable manner in relation to the buoyancy body (12; 112; 212; 312), and a bearing means with a bearing unit (20a, 20b; 120; 220; 320) is provided between the buoyancy body (12; 112; 212; 312) and the support (16a, 16b; 116; 216; 316), wherein the bearing unit (20a, 20b; 120; 220; 320) is designed in a reciprocating-piston-like manner with a bearing sleeve (130; 330), a piston (132; 332), which can be displaced in the bearing sleeve (130; 330), and a spring element (134; 240; 334), characterized in that the bearing unit is fixed to the buoyancy body, in that the spring element (134; 240; 334) is arranged in the space formed by the bearing sleeve (130; 330) and the piston (132; 332), and in that either the bearing sleeve (130; 330) is arranged on the buoyancy body (12; 112; 212) and the piston (132; 332) is arranged on the support (16a, 16b; 116; 216) or the bearing sleeve (130; 330) is arranged on the support (316) and the piston (132; 332) is arranged on the buoyancy body (312).
  2. Float according to Claim 1, characterized in that the buoyancy body (12; 112; 212; 312) has side walls and the bearing unit (20a, 20b; 120; 220; 320) is fastened on a side wall of the buoyancy body (12; 112; 212; 312).
  3. Float according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support (16b; 316) and/or the buoyancy body (12; 312) are/is connected to the bearing unit (20b; 320) via a joint connection (344).
  4. Float according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing unit is designed such that the spring element (134; 240; 334) is subjected to stressing when the buoyancy body (12; 112; 212; 312) is pushed into the water.
  5. Float according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring element (134; 240; 334) is designed such that in an operating state, in which the lower end (22) of the support (16a, 16b; 116; 216; 316) is fastened on the bed of a body of water, the maximum compression of the spring elements (134; 240; 334) is reached when the upper side of the float (10) is level with the water surface.
  6. Float according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing unit (20a, 20b; 120; 220; 320) has a pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanical spring element (134; 240; 334).
  7. Floating-bridge arrangement comprising at least one float (10) according to one of the preceding claims.
  8. Floating-bridge arrangement according to Claim 7, characterized in that the floating-bridge arrangement is an amphibious bridge system or a pontoon bridge.
EP17173632.5A 2017-05-31 2017-05-31 Buoyant body for forming of bridge sections Active EP3409838B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17173632.5A EP3409838B1 (en) 2017-05-31 2017-05-31 Buoyant body for forming of bridge sections

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17173632.5A EP3409838B1 (en) 2017-05-31 2017-05-31 Buoyant body for forming of bridge sections

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EP3409838A1 EP3409838A1 (en) 2018-12-05
EP3409838B1 true EP3409838B1 (en) 2021-06-16

Family

ID=59053896

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EP (1) EP3409838B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR958169A (en) * 1947-06-04 1950-03-04
FR78902E (en) * 1960-05-10 1962-09-28 Floating constructions
DE1784572B1 (en) 1968-08-20 1970-02-12 Blohm U. Voss Ag A pontoon that forms a bridge section and is provided with supports and the bridge deck
NL7010848A (en) * 1970-07-22 1972-01-25

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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