DK2817210T3

DK2817210T3 - The coupling element, the release device as well as the boat.

Info

Publication number: DK2817210T3
Application number: DK13710285.1T
Authority: DK
Inventors: Peter Hatecke
Original assignee: Hatecke Gmbh
Priority date: 2012-02-20
Filing date: 2013-02-18
Publication date: 2016-08-01
Also published as: WO2013123936A1; EP2817210B1; EP2817210A1; DE202012100556U1

Description

The invention relates to a coupling element for a crane, or a lowering device, in particular a davit, for producing a detachable, force-locked connection between a load to be borne, in particular a boat, and a cable-like bearing element, in particular a bearing cable, having a cable connection between the cable-like bearing element and the coupling element, a load connection between the load and the coupling element, a locking and unlocking mechanism to change between an open position in which the load is released by the cable-like bearing element and a closed position in which the load is connected to the cable-like bearing element in a force-locked manner.

Furthermore the invention relates to a lowering device for lowering a buoyant object, in particular a boat, from a deck, in particular from a ship or an off-shore installation, as well as to a boat with a receiver for a lowering device.

Different arrangements are known from the prior art in order to put boats, a lifeboat, dinghies or life rafts into the water from a deck of a station located at sea or from aboard a ship by means of a lowering device, wherein in each case there is provided a detachable connection which is detached close to the water surface, so that the rescue object can separate from the base. A boat, particularly a life-boat, is the most important collective rescue means on ships. By boats there are to be understood all designs which serve to rescue people from ships, whatever order of magnitude, or from platforms, such as for example off-shore platforms at sea. A boat can quickly be put into water via a special lowering device and in addition boats are provided with devices and equipment which offer protection to the crew and passengers of ships involved in an accident and guarantee the survival of the persons saved from drowning until the arrival of help. Ideally, boats are carried onboard seagoing vessels in sufficient number. In the event of a ship sinking or other situations life-threatening for the people on board, these people should be able to retreat into the boats and leave the danger area. A davit is a lowering device of metal, which has substantially the form of a crane with a jib and is arranged close to the ship’s side of larger ships. Boats can be hoisted, namely lowered or brought up as the case may be, by means of a davit jib.

The rolling davit is the conventional and also prescribed variant on ships, since it does not require any energy to send down the boat, i.e. that the boat can be occupied by people when it is suspended in the davit, wherein only one of the people located in the boat has to release the cable brake in order to put the boat into water and subsequently release it.

Moreover, a free-fall davit is also known, with the aid of which a fully occupied boat can freely fall into the water from its blocks. In this instance, the free-fall davit only serves to haul in and stow the boat.

Furthermore, a Caley davit is known in the prior art. In this variant of the davit, the boat is suspended on just one hoisting point and, rigidly connected to the ship, is sent down until just above the water surface and only there is put down and automatically released. Here the boat suspended on the davit is held in position by means of cables in order that it cannot rotate on the davit jib.

Furthermore, in the prior art there is known a hoisting hook, which is a hook which is secured to a cable, a block and tackle or a rope and which serves to hoist or send down objects, in particular boats, wherein in particular such hoisting hooks have to be releasable under load, in order for boats from ships and offshore installations to be released or unhooked at the water surface. On the one hand, it should be prevented that a boat falls into the water too early and people are thereby injured or killed, on the other hand it should be possible that the boat can also be detached when through the particular circumstances of the emergency situation a hook is under load although the boat could be detached. In most cases these hoisting hooks have an hydraulic locking means, with which a lever pushes the suspension member out beyond the hook point.

The printed publication DE 86 28 297 U1 discloses a device for raising and lowering a ship’s boat aboard seagoing leisure craft. The device for raising and lowering a ship’s boat aboard seagoing leisure craft is composed of a bearing part secured to the deck of the ship, a jib mounted on the bearing part and a winding device, for example a cable or a strap, whose free end is secured to the ship’s boat. Such jib arms are referred to as lowering devices or a davit.

Furthermore, DE 299 11 729 U1 discloses a davit device for ships, serving to handle and/or launch a boat. Here, the boat is attached to the free end of a rotatably mounted pivot arm, wherein the boat can be launched with the aid of a cable ar- rangement. The pivot arm is constructed in such a manner that the boat can be pivoted from the deck region to alongside the ship’s deck and can then be launched. DE 20 2010 011 257 U1 discloses a device for lowering a buoyant object, for example a boat, a rescue boat or a life raft, wherein here a crane or davit arranged on the deck of a seagoing vessel or on a platform in a sea area is secured on the deck so as to be rotatable about a perpendicular axis. By means of a swivel bearing, the jib together with a buoyant object secured to this jib can thus be rotated out onto the water and can be launched there. DE 1 506 305 A discloses a boat lowering device for ships, having a jib at the free end of which a boat can be hung using cables, wherein the jib is guided in a telescopically displaceable manner in a guideway which is directed outside of the ship and is inclined downwards.

Furthermore, DE 957 549 B discloses a release device for a load suspended on hoisting equipment, e.g. for a boat, wherein the load is detached from a secured state and freed using a coupling, so that the load, e.g. a boat, can be launched on the water.

Furthermore DE 20 2010 001 993 U1 discloses a coupling device for co-operation with a hoisting device for hoisting and sending down a boat, wherein a coupling means with an open position and a closed position is brought into engagement with a cable, is alternatively locked or opened. Flere, the cable is held by a hook secured on the open side by a counter element, so that the cable cannot be removed from the hook unintentionally.

The printed publication DE 1 202 673 B discloses a release device for releasing loads, in particular boats or life rafts, wherein a carrying cable located on a hook is securely held by a locking mechanism arranged on the open side of the hook. The relative movement away of the hook takes place with the aid of a release mechanism, in order to release the holding cable held in the hook.

Furthermore, DE 28 14 805 A1 discloses a device for the releasable suspension of a load, with which a load hook arranged so as to be tiltable between a holding position and a release position secures a cable in conjunction with a blocking member until, by a release mechanism, the load hook releases the held cable through rotation about a pivot. EP 1 512 621 A2 discloses a release mechanism for a boat, with which a hook is movably mounted. This hook has a concave surface at its lower end. Moreover, a locking mechanism with a convex surface is likewise movably mounted. In a securing mode, the convex surface of the locking mechanism is placed against the concave surface of the hook. To detach, the convex surface is arranged below the concave surface, whereby the hook is rotated away about a pivot arranged in the upper region and thus frees the opening and ultimately releases the holding element, for example a cable.

With respect to the lowering device and the coupling device for connection of the boat to the lowering device, the arrangements known in the prior art have the problem on the one hand of the great structural height of the coupling device and on the other hand of the problematic nature of stabilization and destabilization of the boat relative to the ship from which it is lowered.

It is the object of the present invention to indicate an arrangement which on the one hand enables space-saving accommodation of a lowering device and a coupling element to be made possible and on the other hand enables the release device to be attached in a protected region within the coupling element. The aim is an overall length which is as short as possible, wherein an exposed position of the release mechanism is to be prevented. Furthermore, it is the object of the invention to indicate a low-oscillation coupling element as well as a low-oscillation lowering device with a coupling element, by means of which on the one hand a rotation of a load, in particular a boat, is prevented at the coupling element and the lowering device.

These objects are achieved with a coupling element according to claim 1, a lowering device according to claim 12 and a boat according to claim 18 as well as the other sub claims.

Owing to the fact that the coupling element consists of a truncated-cone-shaped receiving cone and a cylinder receiving the receiving cone, wherein the receiving cone is arranged with its base on the load or on a receiving base arranged on the load, the cylinder has a pendulum suspension for lasting connection to the end of the crane jib, of the lowering device, in particular of the davit, the cylinder has a cable feedthrough for the cable-like bearing element, and the load connection is produced between the receiving cone and the cable-like bearing element by means of the locking and unlocking mechanism, wherein in the event of use as intended, in a closed position the truncated-cone-shaped receiving cone enters into a force-locked connection with the cylinder receiving the receiving cone and the cable-like bearing element is in a taut state, a rotation-proof and low-oscillation suspension is realised.

In the outboard position, considerable stabilization of the load or a boat takes place through the coupling element, whereby safety is clearly increased, since the reciprocating motion is clearly reduced by the coupling-element design according to the invention.

Upon lowering a boat, in particular upon engagement with the aid of the coupling element, there takes place an automatic orientation of the boat through the conelike design in combination with the cylinder. The self-adjustment clearly reduces the time taken for lowering a boat.

Another particular advantage is that the locking and unlocking mechanism is a hoisting hook with a release device. Owing to the fact that the locking and unlocking mechanism, in particular the hoisting hook, is arranged in the cylinder chamber enclosed by the cylinder wall, the greatest possible protection from damage and undesired release through external action is guaranteed. The locking and unlocking mechanism, in particular the hoisting hook, is encapsulated against external influences.

The hoisting hook has a load-bearing hook portion and a catch, preferably a fixed catch, closing the open region of the load-bearing hook portion. It is hereby guaranteed that an undesired slipping off of the portion, of the cable-like bearing element, guided over the load-bearing hook portion is prevented, since a substantially closed ring is produced.

Owing to the fact that the load-bearing hook portion can be swung away upon loading, wherein the load-bearing hook portion is rotatable about a pivot and before swinging away is secured at a securing point by means of the release device and a securing pin movable by the release device, wherein the swing-away direction is against the opening of the load-bearing hook portion, the load-bearing hook portion can be opened and swung away even when fully loaded, so that the suspended load, in particular the boat, is released.

When the locking and unlocking mechanism, in particular the hoisting hook, is arranged on the truncated apex of the receiving cone, the minimum overall height is guaranteed at the same time as sufficient protection from damage.

Owing to the fact that on the receiving-cone-facing side of the cylinder there are provided at least one, particularly preferably two, V-shaped receivers in the wall of the cylinder and the receiving cone has at least one, preferably two, orientation elements, particularly preferably in the form of a round bar, wherein the orientation element is oriented perpendicular to the axis of the receiving cone and is preferably arranged in the region of the cylinder-facing side of the receiving cone, wherein the orientation element is in a state in line with usage located in the V-shaped receiver in the closed position, an exact orientation of the load by means of the coupling element is achieved, wherein a rotation of the load on the coupling element is ruled out even with very strong forces. In particular self-centreing takes place here.

Owing to the fact that on the receiving-cone-facing side of the cylinder, the cylinder has a truncated-cone-shaped cylinder wall for receiving the receiving cone, the receiving region of the cylinder is perfectly matched to the cone, so that the surface overlap region is clearly increased and consequently better frictional adherence is realised.

When spacer elements, preferably polyamide elements, are provided on the outer surface of the receiving cone, easier detachment of the connection between cylinder and receiving cone takes place upon relaxing of the tension of the cable-like bearing element.

In particular, the cylinder wall is perforated, whereby on the one hand the weight is reduced and on the other hand engagement with the cylinder chamber is possible.

For further improvement, an oscillation damping element is arranged in the region of the pendulum suspension, wherein oscillation with respect to the crane, the lowering device, in particular the davit, is reduced considerably. This oscillation damping element is particularly preferably an hydraulically-operating damping arrangement, which with one side is arranged on the cylinder and/or the pendulum suspension and with the other side is arranged on the crane, the lowering device, in particular the davit. The arrangement can also have two damping elements which are merely securely arranged on the cylinder and/or the pendulum suspension, wherein the crane, the jib of the crane, the lowering device, in particular the davit, can be assumed to be a counter bearing and thus a two-sided, force-locked, lasting connection is unnecessary.

The lowering device for lowering a buoyant object, in particular a boat, from a deck, in particular from a ship or an off-shore installation, has a davit, a coupling element according to the invention, a cable arrangement, comprising a cable-like bearing element, in particular bearing cable, and a cable winch, wherein one end of the cable-like bearing element is connected to the cable winch and the other end has a connection for the coupling element, in particular an eye and/or a coupling ring. The putting down of a boat close to the water surface hereby becomes possible, wherein rotation of the boat relative to the davit is prevented and in addition low-oscillation suspension is guaranteed.

In a preferred embodiment, the davit has a two-legged base, wherein the two legs of the davit unite at a common point, at which the cylinder of the coupling element according to the invention and the buoyant object arranged thereon, in particular a boat, are arranged in a low-oscillation manner in a hoisted position, and the connection of the cylinder to the davit is realised via the pendulum suspension.

When the davit is arranged between two decks, particularly preferably at the underside of the upper deck between which decks the davit is arranged, a boat can be securely provided aboard a ship or an offshore installation.

Owing to the fact that the davit is one-armed and is preferably pivotable about a pivot, the boat provided on the davit can be stored in the pivot region of the davit.

Owing to the fact that the length of the swung-out and/or extended davit corresponds substantially to the height of the deck above the water surface with average loading of the ship or substantially to the height of the deck of an off-shore installation from the water surface, the davit is able to lower the boat onto the water surface and put it down there, wherein the boat is arranged on the davit in a low-oscillation and rotation-free manner during the entire lowering procedure.

When the oscillation damping element is damping cylinders controllable via hydraulic throttle valves, which damping cylinders are arranged between the end of the jib of the davit and the pendulum suspension of the cylinder to dampen the reciprocating motion of the coupling element in the hoisted position, the reciprocating motion is damped to the maximum.

There is a connection between the receiving cone and the boat. This connection can be produced by a threaded connection, wherein the receiving cone is screwed to the boat. Alternative securing methods are, for example, lamination into the hull of the boat during manufacture thereof. Upon arrangement of the receiving cone it is particularly preferred to use the physical centre of gravity, since a horizontal orientation takes place there, wherein upon calculation of the centre of gravity any loading with people should also be taken into account. Furthermore, a receiving base can be provided between the receiving cone and the boat, so that a higher structural height becomes possible depending on the design.

The low overall height of the receiving cone arranged on the boat is of particular advantage. In addition to the low structural height, the space requirement on the boat itself is only very small too. In the uncoupled state, there is moreover hardly any risk of injury through travelling passengers, since the cone form of the receiving cone is sloping all around and has only a few injury possibilities.

Owing to the fact that the control means to open and close the locking and unlocking mechanism is arranged on the boat, release can take place from the boat. All fleeing people, who for example have to leave a ship in distress, can consequently get in the boat and from there carry out release of the bearing cable.

Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with the aid of the attached drawings. There is a description referring to all attached drawings, wherein all details of the coupling element according to the invention are not provided with reference numerals in all drawings, since otherwise the individual details are no longer representable.

Fig. 1a shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention, in a sectional/elevation drawing from the front;

Fig. 1b shows a schematic representation of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1a of the coupling element according to the invention, in a sectional/elevation drawing from the side;

Fig. 2a shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from

Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b of the cylinder, according to the invention, of the coupling element, from the front;

Fig. 2b shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from

Fig. 1a and 1b as well as 2a of the cylinder, according to the invention, of the coupling element, in a plan view from above;

Fig. 3a shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from

Fig. 1a and 1b of the receiving cone, according to the invention, of the coupling element, from the front;

Fig. 3b shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from

Fig. 1a and 1b as well as 3a of the receiving cone, according to the invention, of the coupling element, in a side view;

Fig. 3c shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from

Fig. 1a and 1b as well as 3a and 3b of the receiving cone, according to the invention, of the coupling element, in a plan view from above;

Fig. 4a shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from the preceding Figures of the coupling element, according to the invention, on a davit, from the front;

Fig. 4b shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from the preceding Figures of the coupling element, according to the invention, on a davit, from the side;

Fig. 4c shows a schematic representation of a lateral view of the embodi ment known from the preceding Figures of the cylinder, according to the invention, of the coupling element on a davit, in a rest position and two maximum excursions;

Fig. 5a shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from the preceding Figures of the coupling element according to the invention with a boat arranged on the receiving cone, wherein the coupling element is according to the invention arranged on a davit, the davit is secured on a ship’s deck and is located in a drawn-in state;

Fig. 5b shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from the preceding Figures of the coupling element according to the invention with a boat arranged on the receiving cone, wherein the coupling element is according to the invention arranged on a davit, the davit is secured on a ship’s deck and is located in an extended state;

Fig. 6a shows a schematic representation of a lateral view of the embodiment known from the preceding Figures of the coupling element according to the invention on a boat and

Fig. 6b shows a schematic representation of a lateral view of the embodiment known from the preceding Figures of the receiving cone according to the invention of the coupling element on a boat.

The Figures are explained in detail below

Fig. 1 a shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the coupling element 1 according to the invention in a sectional/elevation drawing from the front.

The coupling element 1 is composed of a cylinder 15, a receiving cone 14, a pendulum receiver 16 and a locking and unlocking mechanism 13 and has a cable connection 11 on one coupling side and a load connection 12 on the other coupling side.

The cylinder 15 is composed of a cylinder wall 154 which generates a cylinder chamber 151. On the upper side, the top surface of the cylinder 15, there is provided a cylinder cover in which there is provided a cable feedthrough 155. A bearing cable 31 is passed into the interior, the cylinder chamber 151, through this cable feedthrough. Furthermore, the pendulum suspension 16 is provided on the top surface of the cylinder 15 and lastingly connects the cylinder 15 to a lowering device or a davit 3.

The cylinder 15 is open on the base side of the cylinder 15, the receiving-conefacing side 152. On this receiving-cone-facing side 152, two V-shaped receivers 153 are made in the cylinder wall 154 and serve to receive orientation elements 141. Furthermore, reinforcing plates are arranged in the region of the cylinder wall 154, on the receiving-cone-facing side 152, for stiffening and these plates increase the stability and load-bearing capacity.

The receiving-cone-facing side 152 of the cylinder 15 is cone-like, so that the receiving cone 14 can penetrate the cylinder chamber 151.

The receiving cone 14 is cone-like and has the form of a truncated cone. The locking and unlocking mechanism 13 of the embodiment is arranged on the top surface of the receiving cone 14, namely the cylinder-facing side 144, and is lastingly connected to the receiving cone 14.

The base of the cone 142 establishes the load connection 12 to a load, in this embodiment to a boat 2. The receiving cone 14 has a bolt connection 22 for connection to the load 2, by means of which a lasting connection to the load 2 is realised.

Furthermore, spacer elements 143 in the form of elongated and flat polyamide bodies are attached on the outer surface of the truncated-cone-like receiving cone 14, which spacer elements guarantee easier detachability between the receiving cone 14 and the cylinder 15.

Furthermore, the receiving cone 14 has orientation elements 141, projecting radially from the cone axis and in the form of a bar, in the region of the cylinderfacing side 144, which elements 141 fit into the V-shaped receiver 154 of the cylinder 15 and there prevent rotation of the receiving cone 14 with respect to the cylinder 1 5.

In this embodiment, the locking and unlocking mechanism 13 is composed of a hoisting hook 131. This hoisting hook 131 comprises a load-bearing hook portion 132 as well as a catch 133.

The load-bearing hook portion 132 can be pivoted rearwards about a pivot 135, whereby its open side is freed. The catch 133 is rigid in this embodiment.

The load-bearing hook portion 132 is secured at a securing point 136 by a bolt which can be removed via a release device 134. Alternatively, the load-bearing hook portion 132 can also be tilted rearwards via a release device 134 of a different design, in order to thus free the opening of the load-bearing hook 132. Hydraulic or electrical systems are possible for example for this purpose, however a pyrotechnical detachment option can also be considered for this purpose.

The bearing cable 31 passed through the cable feedthrough 155 is in the cylinder interior 154 secured to the load-bearing hook 132 by means of an eye 311 at a coupling ring 312. The load 2 secured to the receiving cone 14 is hereby secured to the bearing cable 31.

The same reference numerals are always used for the same elements below. Essentially, reference is made to the description of Figure 1a in order to understand the further Figures.

Fig. 1b shows a schematic representation of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1a of the coupling element 1 according to the invention in a sectional/elevation drawing from the side.

Reference is made to the figure description of Fig. 1a.

Fig. 2a shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from Fig. 1a and 1b of the cylinder 15, according to the invention, of the coupling element, from the front.

The details of the pendulum suspension 16 are shown in this Figure, wherein here the davit 3 is shown in addition.

To guide the bearing cable 31, the davit 3 has a plurality of guide rollers 313 of which one is shown in this Figure.

The shown portion of the davit 3 also constitutes at the same time a common point 33 at which the two-legged base 32, shown later in this embodiment, of the davit 3 unites.

In this Figure, the receiving cone 14 is not arranged within the cylinder 15, wherein the bearing cable 31 of the davit 3 is non-tensioned or non-loaded. This position constitutes the open position. The davit 3 is quasi load-free. No boat 2 is located on the davit 3. A boat 2 with a receiving cone 14 according to the invention could now be engaged and lowered by means of the davit 3 onboard a ship.

Fig. 2b shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from Fig. 1a and 1b as well as 2a of the cylinder 15, according to the invention, of the coupling element 1, in a plan view from above.

In this plan view there is shown the top surface of the cylinder 15, in which the receiver 16 is arranged. The cable feedthrough 155 and the two V-shaped receivers 153 are likewise clearly visible.

Fig. 3a shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b of the receiving cone 14, according to the invention, of the coupling element 1, in a sectional/front view.

Here one can in particular clearly see the details of the locking and unlocking mechanism 13, wherein the latter is securely arranged on the receiving cone 14.

Fig. 3b shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from Fig. 1a and 1b as well as 3a of the receiving cone 14, according to the invention, of the coupling element 1, from the side.

In this lateral view, the arrangement of the orientation element 141 can be clearly seen. The orientation element 141 is substantially composed of a solid bar.

Fig. 3c shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from Fig. 1a and 1b as well as 3a and 3b of the receiving cone 14, according to the invention of the coupling element 1, in a plan view from above.

The arrangement of the spacer elements 143 and the orientation elements 141 is shown here.

Likewise the relative orientation of orientation element 141 and the locking and unlocking mechanism 13 can be seen clearly. In this embodiment these are arranged perpendicular to one another.

Fig. 4a shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from the preceding Figures of the coupling element 1 according to the invention on a davit 3, from the front.

In this Figure, the receiving cone 14 is arranged within the cylinder 15 in a force-locked manner, wherein the bearing cable 31 of the davit 3 is tightened. This position constitutes the closed position.

Fig. 4b shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from the preceding Figures of the coupling element 1 according to the invention on a davit 3, in a lateral view.

In this Figure, the focus lies on the particular design of a preferably arranged or provided oscillation damping element 161 which in this embodiment is in the form of a hydraulic cylinder 161.

The hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the davit 3 by means of its housing and is connected to the pendulum suspension 16 of the cylinder 15 by means of its piston side, so that a reciprocating motion of the cylinder 15 is considerably reduced by the hydraulic cylinder 161.

Furthermore in this Figure there can be seen a guide roller 313 arranged on a shock absorber 314. This combination enables a virtually jolt-free or gentle hoisting of the load or the boat 2.

Fig. 4c shows a schematic representation of a lateral view of the embodiment known from the preceding Figures of the cylinder 15, according to the invention, of the coupling element 1 on a davit 3, in a rest position 15 and two maximum excursions 15’ and 15”.

The maximum excursion of the cylinder 15, secured to the davit 3 via the pendulum suspension 16, is in this embodiment approximately 20 degrees to both sides, namely 15’ and 15”, whereby a relatively steady position of the boat 2 is guaranteed.

Fig.5a shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from the preceding Figures of the coupling element 1, according to the invention, with a boat 2 arranged on the receiving cone 14, wherein the coupling element 1 is according to the invention arranged on a davit 3, the davit 3 is secured on a ship’s deck 4 and is located in a retracted state.

In this embodiment of the davit 3, there is used a two-legged base 32 which is secured on the ship’s deck 4. All details of the davit 3 are shown, wherein the guiding of the bearing cable 31 and the adjustment means for adjustment of the davit 3 can also be clearly seen.

Appropriate hydraulic or electrical adjustment means are used to extend the davit 3 and thus to take the boat 2 arranged on the coupling element 1 beyond the edge in order to launch it there. The design of the davit 3 as a rolling davit is particularly preferred.

Fig. 5b shows a schematic representation of the embodiment known from the preceding Figures of the coupling element 1 according to the invention with a boat 2 arranged on the receiving cone 14, wherein the coupling element 1 is according to the invention arranged on a davit 3, the davit 3 is secured on a ship’s deck 4 and is located in an extended state.

In this extended state of the davit 3, the boat 2 not located on board can be launched in that the bearing cable 31 conveys the boat 2 downwards with the aid of a cable winch or only via the release of a gravity brake, where it is uncoupled by the locking and unlocking mechanism 13. Alternatively, when the height is not too great the boat can also be uncoupled via the locking and unlocking mechanism 13 and drop into the water.

Fig. 6a shows a schematic lateral representation of the embodiment known from the preceding Figures of the coupling element 1 according to the invention on a boat 2.

In this embodiment the receiving cone 14 is connected to the boat 2 via a receiving base 21.

The receiving cone 14 is connected to the cylinder 15 in a force-locked manner, wherein the bearing cable 31 is taut. A connection to the mother ship is realised.

Fig. 6b shows a schematic lateral representation of the embodiment known from the preceding Figures of the receiving cone 14, according to the invention, of the coupling element 1 on a boat 2.

There is now no longer a connection between the boat 2 and the mother ship.

The embodiments shown are not to be regarded as exhaustive, but are merely possible embodiments of the coupling element 1 according to the invention, the boat 2 and the lowering device or the davit 3.

List of reference numerals 1 coupling element 11 cable connection 12 load connection 13 locking and unlocking mechanism 131 hoisting hook 132 load-bearing hook portion 133 catch 134 release device 135 pivot 136 securing point 14 receiving cone 141 orientation element 142 base 143 spacer element 144 cylinder-facing side 15 cylinder 151 cylinder chamber 152 receiving-cone-facing side 153 v-shaped receiver 154 cylinder wall 155 cable feedthrough 16 pendulum suspension 161 oscillation damping element, hydraulic cylinder 2 boat, load 21 receiving base 22 bolt connection 3 lowering device, davit 31 bearing cable, cable-like bearing element 311 eye 312 coupling ring 313 guide roller 314 shock absorber 32 two-legged base 33 common point 4 ship’s deck

Claims

1. Koblingselement for en kran eller en udsætningsindretning, navnlig en da-vid (3), med henblik på frembringelse af en løsbar, kraftfølgende forbindelse mellem en last, der skal bæres, navnlig en båd (2), og et kabellignende bæreelement, især et bærekabel (31), hvilket koblingselement omfatter en kabelforbindelse (11) mellem det kabellignende bæreelement (31) og koblingselementet (1), en låse- og oplåsemekanisme (13) til skift mellem en åben position, i hvilken lasten (2) frigøres fra det kabellignende bæreelement (31), og en lukket position, i hvilken lasten (2) kraftfølgende er forbundet til det kabellignende bæreelement (31), kendetegnet ved, at koblingselementet (1) består af en keglestub-formet modtagekonus (14) og en cylinder (15), der modtager modtagekonussen (14), hvorved modtagekonussen (14) er anbragt med sin basis (142) på lasten (2) eller på en modtagebasis (21), som er anbragt på lasten (2), hvilken cylinder (15) er pendulophængt (16) med henblik på vedvarende forbindelse med enden af kranarmen på udsætningsindretningen, navnlig på daviden (3), hvilken cylinder (15) omfatter en kabelgennemføring (155) for det kabellignende bæreelement (31), og lastforbindelsen (12) tilvejebringes mellem modtagekonussen (14) og det kabellignende bæreelement (31) ved hjælp af låse- og oplåsemekanismen (13).1. A coupling element for a crane or launching device, in particular a david (3), for providing a detachable, forceful connection between a load to be carried, in particular a boat (2), and a cable-like support element, in particular a carrier cable (31), said coupling element comprising a cable connection (11) between the cable-like carrier element (31) and the coupling element (1), a locking and unlocking mechanism (13) for switching between an open position in which the load (2) is released from the cable-like support (31) and a closed position in which the load (2) is subsequently connected to the cable-like support (31), characterized in that the coupling element (1) consists of a cone-shaped receiving cone (14) and a cylinder (15) receiving the receiving cone (14), whereby the receiving cone (14) is disposed with its base (142) on the load (2) or on a receiving base (21) disposed on the load (2), said cylinder (15) ) is suspended (16) for the purpose of a continuous connection with the end of the crane arm of the launching device, in particular on the david (3), which cylinder (15) comprises a cable entry (155) for the cable-like support element (31) and the load connection (12) is provided between the receiving cone (14) and the cable-like support element (31) by means of the locking and unlocking mechanism (13).

2. Koblingselement (1) ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at låse- og oplåsemekanismen (13) er en hejsekrog (131) med en udløseindretning (134).Coupling element (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking and unlocking mechanism (13) is a hoist hook (131) with a release device (134).

3. Koblingselement (1) ifølge krav 2, kendetegnet ved, at låse- og oplåsemekanismen (13), navnlig hejsekrogen (131), er anbragt i det cylindriske kammer (151), som omsluttes af cylindervæggen (154).Coupling element (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the locking and unlocking mechanism (13), in particular the hoisting hook (131), is arranged in the cylindrical chamber (151) enclosed by the cylinder wall (154).

4. Koblingselement (1) ifølge krav 2 eller 3, kendetegnet ved, at hejsekrogen (131) omfatter et lastbærende krogafsnit (132) og en spærhage (133), som lukker det åbne område i det lastbærende krogafsnit (132).Coupling element (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the hoist hook (131) comprises a load-bearing hook section (132) and a catch (133) which closes the open area in the load-bearing hook section (132).

5. Koblingselement (1) ifølge krav 2, 3 eller 4, kendetegnet ved, at det lastbærende krogafsnit (132) kan svinges bort ved belastning, hvorved det lastbærende krogafsnit (132) kan dreje sig omkring et drejningspunkt (135) og før bortsvingning fastgøres til et fastgørelsespunkt (136) ved hjælp af udløseindretningen (134) og en fastgørelsesstift, som kan bevæges ved hjælp af udløseindretningen (134), hvorved bortsvingningsretningen vender mod åbningen i det lastbærende krogafsnit (132).Coupling element (1) according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the load-bearing hook section (132) can be pivoted away at load, whereby the load-bearing hook section (132) can rotate about a pivot point (135) and before being pivoted to a fastening point (136) by the release device (134) and a fastening pin which can be moved by the release device (134), whereby the direction of oscillation faces the opening in the load-bearing hook section (132).

6. Koblingselement (1) ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 2 til 5, kendetegnet ved, at låse- og oplåsemekanismen (13), navnlig hejsekrogen (131), er anbragt på den trunkerede spids af modtagekonussen (14) og/eller inden i modtagekonussen (14).Coupling element (1) according to any of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the locking and unlocking mechanism (13), in particular the hoisting hook (131), is arranged on the truncated tip of the receiving cone (14) and / or before in the receiving cone (14).

7. Koblingselement (1) ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at der på cylinderens (15) modtagekonusside (152) er tilvejebragt i det mindste én, navnlig foretrukket to, V-formede modtagere (153) i cylinderens (15) væg, og modtagekonussen (14) i det mindste omfatter ét, fortrinsvis to, retningselementer (141), navnlig foretrukket i form af en rund stang, hvorved retningselementet (141) er rettet vinkelret på modtagekonussens (141) akse og fortrinsvis er anbragt i området med den mod cylinderen vendende side (144) af modtagekonussen (14), hvorved retningselementet (141) i en operativ tilstand befinder sig i lukkestilling i den V-formede modtager (153).Coupling element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one, especially preferably two, V-shaped receivers (153) are provided on the receiving cone side (152) of the cylinder (15). (15) wall, and the receiving cone (14) comprises at least one, preferably two, directional elements (141), particularly preferably in the form of a round rod, the directional element (141) being directed perpendicular to the axis of the receiving cone (141) and preferably arranged in the region with the side (144) facing the cylinder of the receiving cone (14), whereby the directional element (141) is in an operative state in the closed position in the V-shaped receiver (153).

8. Koblingselement (1) ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at cylinderen (15) på den mod modtagekonussen vendende side (152) af cylinderen (15) omfatter en med form som en keglestub dannet cylindervæg (154) med henblik på modtagelse af modtagekonussen (14).Coupling element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinder (15) on the side (152) facing the receiving cone of the cylinder (15) comprises a cylinder wall (154) formed in the form of a cone stub. for receiving the receiving cone (14).

9. Koblingselement (1) ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at afstandsholderelementer (143), fortrinsvis polyamid-elementer er tilvejebragt på modtagekonussens (14) yderside.Coupling element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that spacer elements (143), preferably polyamide elements, are provided on the outside of the receiving cone (14).

10. Koblingselement (1) ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at et svingningsdæmperelement (161) er anbragt i området ved pendulophænget (16), hvorved svingning i forhold til kranen og udsætningsindretningen, navnlig daviden, reduceres.Coupling element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a vibration damper element (161) is arranged in the region of the pendulum suspension (16), thereby reducing vibration relative to the crane and the launching device, in particular the david.

11. Udsætningsindretning (3) til udsætning af et flydedygtigt objekt, navnlig en båd (2) fra et dæk (4), især fra et skib eller en off-shore installation, og med en david (3), et koblingselement (1) ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, et kabelarrangement, omfattende et kabellignende bæreelement (31), navnlig et bærekabel, og et kabelhejseværk, hvorved det kabellignende bæreelements ene ende er forbundet til kabelhejseværket, og den anden ende omfatter en forbindelse til koblingselementet (1), navnlig et øje (311) og/eller en koblingsring (312).A launching device (3) for launching a floating object, in particular a boat (2) from a deck (4), in particular from a ship or an off-shore installation, and with a david (3), a coupling element (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, a cable arrangement comprising a cable-like carrier (31), in particular a carrier cable, and a cable hoist, wherein one end of the cable-like carrier is connected to the cable hoist and the other end comprises a connection to the coupling member ( 1), in particular an eye (311) and / or a coupling ring (312).

12. Udsætningsindretning (3) ifølge krav (11), kendetegnet ved, at daviden (3) omfatter en to-benet basis (32), hvorved davidens (3) to ben (32) forenes i et fælles punkt (33), i hvilket cylinderen (15) ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 11, og det flydedyg-tige objekt, der er anbragt derpå, navnlig en båd (2), er anbragt på en ik-ke-svingende måde i ophejst position, eller at daviden (3) er placeret mellem to dæk (4), især foretrukket på det øvre dæks underside, mellem hvilke dæk daviden (3) er anbragt, hvorved daviden (3) fortrinsvis er udformet som én-armet og fortrinsvis som drejelig omkring et drejningspunkt.A launching device (3) according to claim (11), characterized in that the david (3) comprises a two-legged base (32), whereby the two legs (32) of the david (3) are joined at a common point (33), any cylinder (15) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, and the floatable object disposed thereon, in particular a boat (2), is arranged in a non-oscillating manner in the raised position, or the david (3) is positioned between two decks (4), particularly preferably on the underside of the upper deck, between which decks the david (3) are arranged, the david (3) being preferably configured as one-arm and preferably rotatable about one tire. turning point.

13. Udsætningsindretning (3) ifølge krav 11 eller 12, kendetegnet ved, at længden af den udsvingede og/eller udstrakte david (3) i det væsentlige svarer til dækkets højde over vandoverfladen ved gennemsnitlig last af skibet eller i det væsentlige til højden af dækket på en off-shore installation i forhold til vandoverfladen.The launching device (3) according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the length of the pivoted and / or extended david (3) corresponds substantially to the height of the tire above the water surface at average load of the ship or substantially to the height of the tire. on an off-shore installation relative to the water surface.

14. Udsætningsindretning (3) ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 11 til 13, kendetegnet ved, at det svingningsdæmpende element (161) er dæmpecylindre, som kan styres via hydrauliske dæmpeventiler, hvilke dæmpecylindre er anbragt mellem enden af davidens (3) udligger og cylinderens (15) pendulophæng (16) for at dæmpe den frem- og tilbagegående bevægelse af koblingselementet (1) i den ophejste position.Release device (3) according to any of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the vibration damping element (161) is damping cylinders which can be controlled via hydraulic damping valves, which damping cylinders are arranged between the end of the david (3) and the pendulum suspension (16) of the cylinder (15) to attenuate the reciprocating movement of the clutch member (1) in the raised position.

15. Båd (2) med en modtagekonus (14) for et koblingselement (1) ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 10, hvorved der eksisterer en permanent forbindelse mellem modtagekonussen (14) og båden (2), og der fortrinsvis er tilvejebragt en modtagebasis (21) mellem modtagekonussen (14) og båden (2), og/eller at styringsmidler til åbning og lukning af låse- og oplåsemekanismen (13) er tilvejebragt på båden (2).A boat (2) having a receiving cone (14) for a coupling element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein there is a permanent connection between the receiving cone (14) and the boat (2), and preferably provided a receiving base (21) between the receiving cone (14) and the boat (2), and / or that control means for opening and closing the locking and unlocking mechanism (13) are provided on the boat (2).