DK173612B1 - Burner - Google Patents
Burner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK173612B1 DK173612B1 DK199801632A DKPA199801632A DK173612B1 DK 173612 B1 DK173612 B1 DK 173612B1 DK 199801632 A DK199801632 A DK 199801632A DK PA199801632 A DKPA199801632 A DK PA199801632A DK 173612 B1 DK173612 B1 DK 173612B1
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- tube
- casing
- burner according
- pipe
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
i DK 173612 B1in DK 173612 B1
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en brænder til at indføre fast, flydende og/eller gasformigt brændsel i en brændezone på en ovn, så som en roterovn til fremstilling af cementklinker eller lignende, hvilken brænder omfatter et 5 eller flere i det væsentlige koncentriske rør for fremføring af brændsel og primærluft, hvor det yderste rør eventuelt omfatter en ildfast beklædning for at beskytte brænderen mod den varme ovnatmosfære.The present invention relates to a burner for introducing solid, liquid and / or gaseous fuel into a burning zone of an oven, such as a rotary kiln for producing cement clinker or the like, which burner comprises a 5 or more substantially concentric tubes for conveying fuel and primary air, the outermost pipe possibly including a refractory cladding to protect the burner from the hot oven atmosphere.
10 Fra PCT/EP98/00145, der indehaves af ansøgeren til nærværende ansøgning og hvis indhold hermed betragtes som omfattet af nærværende ansøgning, kendes en brænder af ovennævnte art.10 From PCT / EP98 / 00145, held by the applicant for the present application and the contents thereof being considered as covered by this application, a burner of the above kind is known.
15 Ved anvendelse af brændere af denne type i eksempelvis en roterovn til fremstilling af cement, hvor ovnatmosfæren ofte er støvholdig, har det vist sig, at der hyppigt dannes aflejringer på oversiden af brænderens yderste rør i nærheden af spidsen. Disse aflejringer kan på få timer vokse 20 til flere meter høje, pyramidelignende bjerge, og består hovedsageligt af delvist smeltet klinkerstøv. Aflejringerne kan give anledning til driftsforstyrelser, fordi de kan blokere en del af luftdysen og derved ændre flammens form og retning, således at flammen i uheldige tilfælde rammer mod 25 den indvendige foring i ovnen, hvilket kan medføre en betydelig reduktion i foringens levetid. Hvis aflejringerne bliver meget store, som nævnt ovenfor, kan de også medføre at brænderrøret overbelastes, hvilket kan føre til brænderhavari.15 When using burners of this type in, for example, a rotary kiln for producing cement, where the furnace atmosphere is often dusty, it has been found that deposits are frequently formed on the upper surface of the burner outer tube near the tip. These deposits can grow in 20 hours to several meters high, pyramid-like mountains, and consist mainly of partially melted clinker dust. The deposits can cause operational interference because they can block part of the air nozzle and thereby change the shape and direction of the flame, so that the flame accidentally impinges on the inner lining of the furnace, which can cause a significant reduction in the life of the casing. If the deposits become very large, as mentioned above, they can also cause the burner tube to be overloaded, which can lead to burner failure.
3030
Det er almindeligt kendt at løse ovennævnte problem ved regelmæssigt at fjerne aflejringerne. Indtil nu har det været mest almindeligt at fjerne dem manuelt ved hjælp af en lang, rørformet lanse, udstyret med en dyse for indblæsning 3 5 af vand ved højt tryk, ca. 3 00 bar. Lansen, som normalt indføres gennem et af observationshullerne i ovnendebunden, DK 173612 B1 2 skal føres helt hen til aflejringerne. Når vandstrålen rammer aflejringerne, sker der på grund af den høje temperatur en dampeksplosion. Det er denne dampeksplosion, der slår aflejringerne i stykker.It is generally known to solve the above problem by removing the deposits regularly. Up to now, it has been most common to remove them manually using a long, tubular lance, equipped with a nozzle for supplying high pressure water 5 approx. 3 00 bar. The lance, which is normally inserted through one of the observation holes in the furnace bottom, DK 173612 B1 2, must be routed all the way to the deposits. When the water jet hits the deposits, a vapor explosion occurs due to the high temperature. It is this vapor explosion that breaks the deposits.
55
Ovennævnte metode er forbundet med en del ulemper. De kraftige dampeksplosioner udgør en risiko for personskader. Operatøren er derfor nødsaget til at bære beskyttelsesudstyr. Da aflejringerne opstår ved spidsen af brænderrøret, 10 som typisk kan være otte til ti meter langt, kan det være vanskeligt at manipulere den lange lanse gennem det lille observationshul. I mange tilfælde kræves der to personer for at betjene lansen. Der er stor risiko for skader på brænderrørets ildfaste beklædning, fordi vandstrålen 15 utilsigtet kan ramme denne i stedet for aflejringerne. For at metoden skal være effektiv, skal fjernelsen desuden ske hyppigt, ofte hver anden eller hver tredje time, hvilket gør den tidskrævende, 20 En anden metode, som har været forsøgt, er at indbygge vandlansen permanent i brænderrøret. På denne måde undgår man den farlige og tidskrævende manuelle operation. Denne metode har imidlertid ikke vist sig egnet, idet aflejringerne erfaringmæssigt kun kan fjernes effektivt ved 25 at bestryge et større område med vandstrålen.The above method is associated with some disadvantages. The powerful explosions of steam pose a risk of injury. Therefore, the operator is required to wear protective equipment. Since the deposits occur at the tip of the burner tube, 10 which can typically be eight to ten meters long, it can be difficult to manipulate the long lance through the small observation hole. In many cases, two people are required to operate the lance. There is a high risk of damage to the refractory casing of the burner pipe, because the water jet 15 may inadvertently hit it instead of the deposits. In addition, for the method to be effective, the removal must be frequent, often every two or three hours, making it time-consuming. 20 Another method that has been tried is to permanently incorporate the water lance into the burner tube. This avoids the dangerous and time-consuming manual operation. However, this method has not proved suitable, since, in experience, the deposits can only be effectively removed by coating a larger area with the water jet.
Endelig er der i DE-19628487-A1 beskrevet en tredje metode. Brænderen beskrevet i dette skrift omfatter et ekstra ydre rør, som ved spidsen er forsynet med et antal dyseåbninger i 30 aksial og radial retning. Røret er forbundet med en trykluftdrevet luftblæser (air blaster), og fjernelsen af aflejringerne skal angiveligt kunne ske ved at udløse luftblæseren med regelmæssige intervaller. Med denne metode vil man næppe kunne fjerne alle aflejringer, men 35 sandsynligvis kun dem, der er i umiddelbar nærhed af dyseåbningerne.Finally, DE-19628487-A1 discloses a third method. The burner described in this specification comprises an additional outer tube which is provided at the tip with a plurality of nozzle openings in the axial and radial directions. The tube is connected to a compressed air blower (air blaster), and the removal of the deposits must allegedly be possible by releasing the air blower at regular intervals. With this method, it is hardly possible to remove all deposits, but probably only those that are in the immediate vicinity of the nozzle openings.
DK 173612 B1 3DK 173612 B1 3
Formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse er at angive en brænder, hvor aflejringer vil kunne fjernes uden de førnævnte ulemper.The object of the present invention is to provide a burner where deposits can be removed without the aforementioned disadvantages.
5 Dette opnås med en brænder af den i indledningen angivne art, og som er kendetegnet ved, at den omfatter en drejeindretning, hvormed i det mindste det yderste rør kan roteres om brænderens længdeakse.This is accomplished by a burner of the kind set forth in the preamble, characterized in that it comprises a rotary device by which at least the outermost tube can be rotated about the longitudinal axis of the burner.
10 Herved opnås, at det under drift er muligt at forhindre aflejringer i at bygge sig op på brænderens overside, fordi eventuelle støvaflejringer vil falde af, når røret roteres.10 It is thereby achieved that during operation it is possible to prevent deposits from building up on the top of the burner, because any dust deposits will fall off when the pipe is rotated.
En anden væsentlig fordel vil være, at slid og strålevarme stammende fra materialestrømmen, som normalt virker 15 nedbrydende på beklædningen på brænderens undersiden, på grund af rotationen fordeles jævnt over hele brænderens omkreds. Dette vil give brænderen en længere levetid og dermed ovnen en bedre drifttidsfaktor.Another significant advantage would be that wear and radiant heat emanating from the flow of material which normally acts to degrade on the casing on the underside of the burner, due to the rotation, is evenly distributed over the entire circumference of the burner. This will give the burner a longer service life and thus a better operating time factor for the stove.
20 Drejeindretningen kan udgøres af en hvilken som helst egnet type, men det foretrækkes, at den er mekanisk, eksempelvis i form af en tandhjulsudveksling. Drejeindretningen kan drives ved håndkraft eller ved hjælp af en motor, der eventuelt kan fjernbetjenes.The pivot device may be of any suitable type, but it is preferred that it be mechanical, for example in the form of a gear exchange. The swivel device can be operated by hand or by means of an optionally remote-controlled motor.
25 I tilfælde hvor drejeindretningen er motordrevet, kan motoren passende være indstillet til at give røret en rotationshastighed på mellem 0,25 og 5 omdrejninger pr. time, fortrinsvis på omkring 1 omdrejning pr. time.In cases where the turning device is motor driven, the motor may suitably be set to give the tube a rotational speed of between 0.25 and 5 rpm. per hour, preferably at about 1 rpm. hour.
3030
Brænderen omfatter i sin mest simple udformning kun et enkelt rør til fremføring af brændsel og primærluft. Det foretrækkes dog, at brænderen omfatter et brænderrør, i hvilket der er anbragt et eller flere hermed koncentriske 35 indre rør, der danner et antal ringformede kanaler for DK 173612 B1 4 separat fremføring og indblæsning af brændsel og primærluft.The burner, in its simplest design, comprises only a single tube for conveying fuel and primary air. However, it is preferred that the burner comprise a burner tube in which is disposed one or more concentric inner tubes, which form a plurality of annular ducts for separate feeding and supply of fuel and primary air.
I en sådan udførelsesform for brænderen ifølge opfindelsen vil i det mindste det yderste rør kunne roteres om brænderens længdeakse, men brænderen kan også være udformet 5 således, at hele brænderen kan rotere om sin længdeakse.In such an embodiment of the burner according to the invention, at least the outer tube can be rotated about the longitudinal axis of the burner, but the burner can also be designed so that the entire burner can rotate about its longitudinal axis.
Brænderen kan i en foretrukken udførelsesform omfatte et kapperør, der er anbragt koncentrisk uden om brænderrøret, og i det tilfælde kan i det mindste dette kapperør bringes 10 til at rotere om brænderens længdeakse.The burner may, in a preferred embodiment, comprise a sheath tube located concentrically around the burner tube, in which case at least this sheath tube may cause 10 to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the burner.
I tilfælde hvor brænderen omfatter et kapperør kan en del af primærluften ledes gennem en spalte tilvejebragt mellem brænderrøret og kapperøret for derved at afkøle kapperøret.In the case where the burner comprises a casing tube, a portion of the primary air may be passed through a gap provided between the burner tube and the casing tube, thereby cooling the casing tube.
15 Den luftmængde, der ledes gennem spalten mellem brænderrøret og kapperøret kan med fordel udgøre mellem 2 og 4% af den teoretisk nødvendige forbrændingsluftmængde.The amount of air passed through the gap between the burner tube and the casing tube may advantageously comprise between 2 and 4% of the theoretically necessary combustion air quantity.
Kapperøret kan desuden være udformet med huller for 20 bortledning af den tilledte luft, hvilket kan medvirke til at begrænse støvaflejringen på brænderen.In addition, the casing may be provided with holes for the discharge of the entrained air, which may help to limit the dust deposition on the burner.
Brænderen kan yderligere omfatte en eller flere brænderlanser for fremføring og indblæsning af flydende 25 eller gasformigt brændsel, samt et eller flere rør for fremføring og indblæsning af supplerende faste brændsler.The burner may further comprise one or more burner lances for conveying and supplying liquid or gaseous fuel, as well as one or more tubes for conveying and supplying additional solid fuels.
Opfindelsen skal i det følgende forklares nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, der er skematisk og hvorThe invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, which is schematic and where
Fig. 1 viser delvist i snit et sidebillede af en brænder ifølge opfindelsen, og 30 DK 173612 B1 5FIG. 1 shows a partial sectional side view of a burner according to the invention, and 30 DK 173612 B1 5
Fig. 2 viser et snitbillede af den forreste del af samme brænder.FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the front part of the same burner.
I Fig. 1 og 2 er vist en brænder 1, der er beregnet til 5 kombineret fyring med olie og kulstøv i en ovn, så som en roterovn til fremstilling af cementklinker eller lignende. Brænderen 1 er i det væsentlige af kendt konstruktion og omfatter et centralt beskyttelsesrør 2, hvori en separat lanse, ikke vist, til fremføring og forstøvning af 10 brændselsolie kan være anbrangt.In FIG. 1 and 2 there is shown a burner 1, which is intended for 5 combined firing with oil and coal dust in a furnace, such as a rotary kiln for producing cement clinker or the like. The burner 1 is substantially of known construction and comprises a central protective tube 2 in which a separate lance, not shown, for feeding and atomizing fuel oil may be provided.
Koncentrisk rundt om beskyttelsesrøret 2 er anbragt to rør 3 og 4, der imellem sig danner en ringformet kanal 6 for fremføring og indblæsning af en blanding af kulstøv og luft.Concentric around the protective tube 2 are arranged two tubes 3 and 4, which form an annular channel 6 between them for feeding and blowing in a mixture of carbon dust and air.
15 For at holde den ikke viste olielanse afkølet og fri for støv kan der i mellemrummet mellem rør 3 og beskyttelsesrøret 2 fremføres og indblæses en mindre del af den samlede primærluftmængde. Foruden beskyttelsesrøret 2 vil der i røret 3 kunne anbringes et eller flere rør for tilførsel af 20 supplerende alternative brændsler.15 In order to keep the oil lance not shown cool and free of dust, a smaller part of the total primary air volume can be fed and injected in the space between pipe 3 and the protective pipe 2. In addition to the protective tube 2, one or more tubes may be placed in the tube 3 for supplying 20 additional alternative fuels.
Koncentrisk rundt om røret 4 er anbragt et brænderrør 7, som sammen med røret 4 danner en ringformet kanal 9 for fremføring af den resterende del af primærluften.Concentric around the pipe 4 is arranged a burner pipe 7, which together with the pipe 4 forms an annular duct 9 for conveying the remaining part of the primary air.
2525
Yderst omfatter den viste brænder et kapperøret 11, der udvendigt er forsynet med en ildfast beklædning 12, og som ved den forreste ende er understøttet på afstandsklodser 13. Indvendigt i kapperøret er der en styrering 15, som ligger 30 an mod afstandsklodserne. Røret 11's bageste ende hviler på ruller 19. Røret 11 kan drejes ved hjælp af en tandhjulsudveksling 21. På det sted, hvor kapperøret forløber igennem ovnvæggen 23, er der anbragt en fjederbelastet lukkeplade 25. Lukkepladen forhindrer 35 indtrængen af falskluft samtidig med, at den tillader rotation af kapperøret 11. Lukkepladen 25's fjederbelastning sikrer desuden, at førnævnte styrering 15 ligger an mod 6 DK 173612 B1 afstandsklodserne 13, sådan at kapperøret er fikseret i aksial retning uafhængig af termisk længdeudvidelse.Externally, the burner shown comprises a casing tube 11 which is externally provided with a refractory lining 12 and which is supported at the front end on spacer blocks 13. Inside the casing tube there is a guide ring 15 which abuts against the spacer blocks. The rear end of the pipe 11 rests on rollers 19. The pipe 11 can be rotated by means of a gear exchange 21. At the place where the casing pipe extends through the furnace wall 23, a spring-loaded closure plate 25. The closing plate 35 prevents the entry of false air also allows rotation of the sheath tube 11. The spring load of the shutter plate 25 also ensures that the aforementioned guide ring 15 abuts the spacer blocks 13 so that the sheath tube is fixed in the axial direction independent of thermal length extension.
I brænderrøret 7 er boret et antal huller 31, hvorigennem en 5 mindre del af primærluften kan ledes ud i spalten 33 mellem brænderrøret og kapperøret for køling. Denne køleluftmængde, som normalt vil udgøre 2-4 % af den teoretiske forbrændingsluftmængde, bør i hovedsagen ledes bagud gennem spalten, sådan at tilførselen af kold luft til ovnen begrænses mest 10 muligt. Alternativt kan kapperøret 11 være udformet med et antal huller 3 5 for bortledning af luften ud gennem den ildfaste beklædning.In the burner tube 7 a number of holes 31 are drilled through which a smaller portion of the primary air can be discharged into the gap 33 between the burner tube and the cutting tube for cooling. This amount of cooling air, which would normally amount to 2-4% of the theoretical combustion air quantity, should in the main be led backwards through the gap, so that the supply of cold air to the furnace is limited as much as possible. Alternatively, the jacket tube 11 may be formed with a plurality of holes 35 for venting the air out through the refractory lining.
Under drift forhindres aflejringer på kapperøret ved at 15 rotere dette ved hjælp af tandhjulsudvekslingen 21, enten ved håndkraft eller ved hjælp af en påbygget motor, ikke vist. Rotationshastigheden bør vælges sådan, at røret mindst roterer en hel omdrejning i timen. Rotationen kan foretages med konstant omdrejningshastighed, eller den kan være 20 diskontinuert.In operation, deposits on the casing pipe are prevented by rotating this by means of the gear exchange 21, either by hand or by means of a mounted motor, not shown. The speed of rotation should be chosen such that the tube rotates at least one full revolution per hour. The rotation can be done at a constant speed or it can be 20 discontinuous.
25 3025 30
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (14)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK199801632A DK173612B1 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1998-12-10 | Burner |
US09/439,806 US6564218B1 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1999-11-12 | Method of checking the validity of a set of digital information, and a method and an apparatus for retrieving digital information from an information source |
AT99963405T ATE221174T1 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1999-12-07 | BURNER |
KR1020017000337A KR100583037B1 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1999-12-07 | Burner |
CNB998080039A CN1140719C (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1999-12-07 | Burner |
BR9911570-0A BR9911570A (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1999-12-07 | Combustor |
EP99963405A EP1137898B1 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1999-12-07 | Burner |
PCT/EP1999/009569 WO2000034713A1 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1999-12-07 | Burner |
ES99963405T ES2177338T3 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1999-12-07 | BURNER. |
AU19716/00A AU753552B2 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1999-12-07 | Burner |
DE69902297T DE69902297T2 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1999-12-07 | BURNER |
EP00974346A EP1228454A1 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 2000-11-09 | A method of checking the validity of a set of digital information, and a method and an apparatus for retrieving digital information from an information source |
PCT/DK2000/000621 WO2001037130A1 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 2000-11-09 | A method of checking the validity of a set of digital information, and a method and an apparatus for retrieving digital information from an information source |
AU12691/01A AU1269101A (en) | 1998-12-10 | 2000-11-09 | A method of checking the validity of a set of digital information, and a method and an apparatus for retrieving digital information from an information source |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK199801632A DK173612B1 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1998-12-10 | Burner |
DK163298 | 1998-12-10 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DK199801632A DK199801632A (en) | 2000-06-11 |
DK173612B1 true DK173612B1 (en) | 2001-04-30 |
Family
ID=8106718
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK199801632A DK173612B1 (en) | 1998-12-10 | 1998-12-10 | Burner |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1137898B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100583037B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1140719C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE221174T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU753552B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9911570A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69902297T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK173612B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2177338T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000034713A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NO180206C (en) * | 1992-11-30 | 1997-03-05 | Elkem Aluminium | Structural parts for aluminum electrolysis cells |
CN108571898A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2018-09-25 | 南京凯盛国际工程有限公司 | Rotary kiln burner protective device |
CN109323256A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-12 | 四川德胜集团钒钛有限公司 | A kind of high vanadium titanium furnace charge rotary kiln burner |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0714066A2 (en) * | 1994-11-23 | 1996-05-29 | International Business Machines Corporation | Communications system and method including energy-efficient caching for mobile computing |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK169446B1 (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1994-10-31 | Smidth & Co As F L | Rotary furnace burner and method of forming a burner flame with the burner |
DK173204B1 (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 2000-03-13 | F.L.Smidth & Co A/S | is in an oven Proceed and burn to introduce burning |
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1998
- 1998-12-10 DK DK199801632A patent/DK173612B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-12-07 BR BR9911570-0A patent/BR9911570A/en active Search and Examination
- 1999-12-07 KR KR1020017000337A patent/KR100583037B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-07 WO PCT/EP1999/009569 patent/WO2000034713A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-07 EP EP99963405A patent/EP1137898B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1999-12-07 CN CNB998080039A patent/CN1140719C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-07 DE DE69902297T patent/DE69902297T2/en not_active Revoked
- 1999-12-07 AT AT99963405T patent/ATE221174T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-07 ES ES99963405T patent/ES2177338T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-07 AU AU19716/00A patent/AU753552B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0714066A2 (en) * | 1994-11-23 | 1996-05-29 | International Business Machines Corporation | Communications system and method including energy-efficient caching for mobile computing |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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DINGLE A ET AL: "Web cache coherence", COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS,NL,NORTH HOLLAND PUBLISHING. AMSTERDAM, vol. 28, no. 11, 1 May 1996 (1996-05-01), pages 907 - 920, XP004018195, ISSN: 0169-7552 * |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69902297T2 (en) | 2003-03-20 |
DK199801632A (en) | 2000-06-11 |
KR20010053453A (en) | 2001-06-25 |
CN1307673A (en) | 2001-08-08 |
CN1140719C (en) | 2004-03-03 |
AU753552B2 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
WO2000034713A1 (en) | 2000-06-15 |
ATE221174T1 (en) | 2002-08-15 |
EP1137898A1 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
DE69902297D1 (en) | 2002-08-29 |
EP1137898B1 (en) | 2002-07-24 |
ES2177338T3 (en) | 2002-12-01 |
BR9911570A (en) | 2001-03-20 |
KR100583037B1 (en) | 2006-05-24 |
AU1971600A (en) | 2000-06-26 |
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