DK161549B - METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATION OF LIQUID - Google Patents

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATION OF LIQUID Download PDF

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Publication number
DK161549B
DK161549B DK534582A DK534582A DK161549B DK 161549 B DK161549 B DK 161549B DK 534582 A DK534582 A DK 534582A DK 534582 A DK534582 A DK 534582A DK 161549 B DK161549 B DK 161549B
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Prior art keywords
steam
evaporators
evaporator
evaporated
blower
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DK534582A
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Danish (da)
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DK161549C (en
DK534582A (en
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Heimo Vaelimaeki
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Mkt Tehtaat Oy
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/28—Evaporating with vapour compression
    • B01D1/2803—Special features relating to the vapour to be compressed
    • B01D1/2812—The vapour is coming from different sources
    • B01D1/2815—At least one source is a compressor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
    • A23C1/00—Concentration, evaporation or drying
    • A23C1/12—Concentration by evaporation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/26—Multiple-effect evaporating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/28—Evaporating with vapour compression
    • B01D1/284—Special features relating to the compressed vapour
    • B01D1/2843—The compressed vapour is divided in at least two streams

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Description

iin

DK 161549 BDK 161549 B

Opfindelsen angår en fremgangsmåde til inddampning, hvor inddampningen udføres ved hjælp af opvarmningsdamp under 5 anvendelse af mindst to efter hinanden følgende, i forhold til væsken der skal fordampes, seriekoblede inddampere, og hvor der som opvarmningsdamp anvendes damp, der er afdampet fra selve den væske, der skal inddampes, hvilken damp føres såvel fra den første inddamper i serieforbindelsen til en 10 blæser eller lignende anordning, der blæser dampen videre under højere tryk og tilbage til inddamperne.The invention relates to a process for evaporation, in which the evaporation is carried out by means of heating steam using at least two consecutive, in relation to the liquid to be evaporated, in series coupled evaporators, and in which steam is used which is evaporated from the liquid itself. which is to be evaporated, which steam is fed both from the first evaporator in the series connection to a blower or similar device which blows the steam further under higher pressure and back to the evaporators.

Opfindelsen angår endvidere et apparat til inddampning af væske.The invention further relates to an apparatus for evaporating liquid.

1515

Der kendes inddampningsindretninger, hvor den væske, der skal inddampes, føres gennem efter hinanden følgende ind-dampningsenheder på en sådan måde, at inddampningstempera-turen og væskens indhold af tørstoffer begge tiltager trin-20 vist. Som opvarmningsdamp har man anvendt damp, der adskiller sig fra væsken, der skal fordampes, og hvis tryk og temperatur styres ved hjælp af blæsere, kompressorer og lignende indretninger.Evaporation devices are known in which the liquid to be evaporated is passed through successive evaporation units in such a way that the evaporation temperature and the liquid content of the solids both increase stepwise. Steam heating has been used as a separator from the liquid to be evaporated and whose pressure and temperature are controlled by means of fans, compressors and similar devices.

25 Ved inddampningsprocesser opstår der det problem, at processens effekt tenderer mod at svækkes med tiden på grund af inddampernes tilsmudsning. I og med at tørstofindholdet i det inddampede produkt bør være konstant, må man kompensere for inddampningseffektens nedgang ved, at man øger 30 blæsernes sugehøjde. De til blæserne tilsluttede regule ringsmidler forøger imidlertid blæsernes energiforbrug, og desuden skal reguleringen være yderst præcis, idet selv en lille ændring af den inddampede væskemængde medfører en relativt stor ændring i det inddampede produkts koncentra-35 tion.25 In the case of evaporation processes, the problem arises that the effect of the process tends to weaken over time due to the soiling of the evaporators. Since the solids content of the evaporated product should be constant, one must compensate for the decrease of evaporation effect by increasing the suction height of the blowers. The control means connected to the fans, however, increase the energy consumption of the fans, and in addition, the regulation must be extremely precise, since even a small change in the amount of evaporated liquid results in a relatively large change in the concentration of the evaporated product.

DK 161549BDK 161549B

2 På grund af dette har det i praksis voldt vanskeligheder at holde’ koncentrationen konstant.2 Because of this, it has in practice caused difficulties to keep the concentration constant.

I beskrivelsen til dansk fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 151182 har 5 man for at eliminere dette problem vist en løsning, ifølge hvilken det kanalsystem, der leder opvarmningsdamp frem, er forsynet med to efter hinanden følgende blæsere, således at den ene blæser virker som hovedblæser, således at den damp, der passerer gennem denne, delvis ledes til den første ind-10 damper i serieforbindelsen, og delvis til en anden blæser, der fungerer som hjælpeblæser, fra hvilken dampen ledes til den anden inddamper i serieforbindelsen.In the description of Danish Patent Specification No. 151182, in order to eliminate this problem, a solution has been shown in which the duct system which conducts heating steam is provided with two successive blowers, so that one blower acts as a main blower, so that the vapor passing through it is partially passed to the first evaporator of the series connection, and partly to a second blower which acts as an auxiliary fan, from which the vapor is directed to the second evaporator of the series connection.

Formålet med den foreliggende opfindelse er at anvise en ny 15 og fra det ovenfor nævnte afvigende løsning på det omtalte problem. Dette opnås ifølge opfindelsen ved, at den blæser, til hvilken der ledes damp fra begge inddampere i serieforbindelsen, fungerer som hovedblæser, idet der ved fremgangsmåden anvendes en hjælpeblæser, der arbejder med damp 20 fra serieforbindelsens anden inddamper før dettes ankomst til hovedblæseren.The object of the present invention is to provide a new and deviated solution to the problem mentioned above. This is achieved according to the invention in that the blower to which steam is supplied from both evaporators in the series connection acts as a main blower, using the method auxiliary blower which works with steam 20 from the second evaporator of the series connection before its arrival in the main blower.

Ved løsningen ifølge opfindelsen, hvor hovedblæseren kan være væsentligt større end hjælpeblæseren, behøver man ikke i 25 nødvendigvis åt regulere hovedblæseren under processen, i idet alle reguleringsforanstaltninger kan rettes mod hjælpeblæseren. Det er således unødvendigt at montere dyre re- ! guleringsmidler på hovedblæseren, ligesom denne heller ikke i forårsager noget for processen overflødigt energiforbrug. ' i 30 Monteringen af reguleringsmidler på hjælpeblæseren bliver i, billigere på _grund af disses ringere størrelse, og idet t hjælpeblæserens energiforbrug ligeledes er lavere, øger j \ disse ikke processens totale energiforbrug væsentligt, selvom virkningsgraden skulle være mindre. Man kan ligele- j 35 des regulere hjælpeblæseren med den lille størrelse på rette vis, således- åt man nu eksakt opnår den ønskede koncen-In the solution according to the invention, where the main blower can be substantially larger than the auxiliary blower, one does not necessarily need to regulate the main blower during the process, in that all control measures can be directed to the auxiliary blower. It is thus unnecessary to mount expensive re-! yellowing agents on the main blower, just as this does not cause any unnecessary energy consumption for the process. The mounting of aids on the auxiliary fan becomes cheaper due to their smaller size, and as the auxiliary fan's energy consumption is also lower, these do not significantly increase the total energy consumption of the process, although the efficiency should be less. It is also possible to regulate the auxiliary fan with the small size in the right way, so that you now exactly achieve the desired concentration.

. DK 161549 B. DK 161549 B

3 tration af tørstof i det endelige inddampede produkt. En yderligere fordel ved opfindelsen i forhold til løsningen, der er kendt fra beskrivelsen til dansk patentansøgning nr. 3182/83, er, at driftstemperaturen i serieforbindelsens an-5 den inddamper kan gøres lavere. Denne omstændighed har væsentlig betydning, hvis man behandler materialer, der er følsomme over for varme.3 tration of dry matter in the final evaporated product. A further advantage of the invention in relation to the solution known from the description of Danish Patent Application No. 3182/83 is that the operating temperature in the evaporator of the other connection can be lowered. This circumstance is important when treating materials that are sensitive to heat.

Opfindelsen angår endvidere et apparat til udøvelse af den 10 ovenfor beskrevne inddampningsfremgangsmåde. I dette apparat indgår på i og for sig kendt vis mindst to efter hinanden følgende, i forhold til væsken der skal inddampes, seriekoblede inddampere sammen med et kanalsystem, gennem hvilket den damp, der er afdampet fra væsken i inddamperne, 15 føres tilbage til inddamperne for at anvendes som opvarmningsdamp, hvilket apparat er udstyret med blæsere eller lignende indretninger, der øger damptrykket. Apparatet kendetegnes ved, at det omfatter en hovedblæser, som gennem kanaler er i forbindelse med begge inddampere i seriefor-20 bindeisen på en sådan måde, at der til hovedblæseren kan ledes damp fra hver inddamper, og yderligere en hjælpeblæser, der er anbragt før hovedblæseren, i kanalen mellem den sidste inddamper og hovedblæseren.The invention further relates to an apparatus for practicing the above-described evaporation method. In this apparatus, at least two consecutive known, in relation to the liquid to be evaporated, comprise in series connected evaporators together with a duct system through which the vapor evaporated from the liquid in the evaporators is returned to the evaporators. for use as heating steam, which apparatus is provided with fans or similar devices which increase the vapor pressure. The apparatus is characterized in that it comprises a main blower which is connected through channels to both evaporators in the serial connection ice in such a way that steam can be supplied to each main blower from each evaporator, and an additional blower arranged before the main blower , in the channel between the last evaporator and the main blower.

25 Opfindelsen vil i det følgende blive nærmere beskrevet ved hjælp af et udførelseseksempel under henvisning til den vedlagte tegning, der viser et inddampningsapparat ifølge opfindelsen.The invention will now be described in more detail with the aid of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing showing an evaporator according to the invention.

30 I apparatet ifølge tegningen anvendes to efter hinanden følgende, seriekoblede inddampere 1 og 2, gennem hvilke den væske, der føres frem i ledningerne 3, 4 og 5, løber. Ind-dampningen udføres ved hjælp af damp, hvoraf hovedparten består af den damp, der af dampes af væsken, der skal ind-35 dampes i inddamperne 1 og 2. Denne damp, der fås fra væsken, der skal inddampes, føres fra inddamperne 1 og 2 til DK 161549 B j 4 i i kanalerne 6 og 7, og føres videre gennem kanalerne 8, 9 og 10, hvorved opvarmningsdampen føres tilbage til inddamperne. Til kanalen 7 er der forbundet kanalen 11, gennem hvilken man har mulighed for at indføre dampen i apparatet ude- i 5 fra for at opretholde varmebalancen. Kanalsystemet 6-11 erIn the apparatus according to the drawing, two successive, series-coupled evaporators 1 and 2 are used, through which the liquid conveyed in lines 3, 4 and 5 flows. The evaporation is carried out by means of steam, the majority of which consists of the vapor evaporated by the liquid to be evaporated in evaporators 1 and 2. This vapor obtained from the liquid to be evaporated is discharged from the evaporator 1 and 2 to DK 161549 B j 4 in channels 6 and 7 and passed through channels 8, 9 and 10, whereby the heating steam is returned to the evaporators. The duct 7 is connected to the duct 11 through which it is possible to introduce the steam into the apparatus from outside 5 to maintain the heat balance. The duct system 6-11 is

forsynet med to blæsere 12 og 13, der forøger opvarmnings- Jprovided with two fans 12 and 13 which increase heating J

dampens tryk og temperatur. Blæseren 12 i kanal 7 fungerer ! som hjælpeblæser, der suger damp fra den sidste inddamper 2 j i serieforbindelsen og blæser den ind til indgangssiden af j 10 den som hovedblæser fungerende blæser 13. Til hovedblæseren 13 kommer der yderligere damp fra serieforbindelsens første inddamper 1, således at al opvarmningsdamp, der skal anvendes ved inddampning, går gennem hovedblæseren. Hovedparten af denne damp føres frem til at anvendes som opvarmnings-15 damp i serieforbindelsens første inddamper 1, og resten føres gennem kanalen 9 for at virke som opvarmningsdamp i seriens anden inddamper 2. Det kondensat, der dannes af opvarmningsdampen, fjernes fra inddamperne 1 og 2 gennem ledningerne 14 og 15.vapor pressure and temperature. The fan 12 in channel 7 works! as auxiliary blower, which sucks steam from the last evaporator 2 j in the serial connection and blows it in to the input side of j 10 the main blower operating 13. The main blower 13 provides additional steam from the first evaporator 1 of the serial connection, so that all heating steam to be used by evaporation, goes through the main blower. The majority of this steam is advanced to be used as heating steam in the first evaporator 1 of the series connection, and the remainder is passed through the duct 9 to act as heating steam in the second evaporator 2. The condensate formed by the heating steam is removed from the evaporators 1 and 2 through lines 14 and 15.

20 I det viste apparat kan hjælpeblæserens 12 effekt være af størrelsesorden 1/10-1/5 af hovedblæserens 13 effekt. Hovedblæseren 13 anordnes til at arbejde under optimale betingelser, og den reguleres ikke under processen, hvorfor 25 det ikke er nødvendigt at forsyne den med energiforbrugende reguleringsmidler. Den nedgang i inddampningseffekten, der forårsages af inddampernes 1 og 2 tilsmudsning under pro- ; cessen, kompenseres udelukkende ved, at man regulerer hjæl- j peblæseren 12, og hertil forsynes hjælpeblæseren med en in- j 30 verter, en ledeskovlsregulator eller lignende regulerings-anordning for sugehøjden. Idet hovedparten af inddampningen finder sted i seriens første inddamper 1, og idet en ringe < del af dampen går gennem hjælpeblæseren 12, har hjælpeblæserens reguleringsmidler ingen væsentlig indflydelse på 35 processens totale energiforbrug. Hjælpeblæserens 12 regulering kan ved høje inddampningskvotienter være baseret påIn the apparatus shown, the power of the auxiliary blower 12 may be on the order of 1 / 10-1 / 5 of the power of the main blower 13. The main blower 13 is arranged to operate under optimum conditions and it is not controlled during the process, which is why it is not necessary to supply it with energy-consuming regulating means. The decrease in the evaporation effect caused by the soiling of the evaporators 1 and 2 during pro-; This is compensated solely by regulating the auxiliary fan 12, and for this purpose the auxiliary fan is provided with an inverter, a guide vane regulator or similar suction height control device. Since most of the evaporation takes place in the first evaporator 1 of the series, and as a small portion of the vapor passes through the auxiliary fan 12, the auxiliary fan control means have no significant influence on the total energy consumption of the process. The auxiliary fan 12 regulation can be based on high evaporation quotients

DK 161549 BDK 161549 B

5 måling af slutproduktets tæthed, og som følge af reguleringens nøjagtighed opnår man ved fremgangsmåden højere koncentration af tørstof i slutproduktet end før, 5 Opfindelsen kan for eksempel anvendes til forbehandling før tørringsfasen af valle til brug ved fremstilling af vallepulver, hvilket for eksempel kan ske i et spray-tørringsanlæg. Ved en sådan forbehandling øger man vallens tørstofindhold under anvendelse af for eksempel to efter hinanden 10 følgende inddampere, af hvilken den første forøger tørstofindholdet fra 6 til 20% og den anden fra 20 til 60%. Ved en lignende proces kan hovedblæseren have ca. 3 gange så stor effekt som hjælpeblæseren, og processen kan dimensioneres, således at den krævede mængde opvarmningsdamp udefra højst 15 er nogle procent af opvarmningsdampens totale mængde. Desuden kan den i den anden inddamper herskende arbejdstempera-tur ved hjælp af hjælpeblæserens sugning indstilles lavere end arbejdstemperaturen i den første inddamper.For example, the invention can be used for pre-drying the drying phase of whey for use in the production of whey powder, which may be carried out in the process, for example, in the drying phase of the final product. a spray-drying system. In such a pretreatment, the dry matter content of the whey is increased using, for example, two successive evaporators, the first of which increases the dry matter content from 6 to 20% and the second from 20 to 60%. In a similar process, the main blower may have approx. 3 times as much power as the auxiliary fan, and the process can be sized so that the required amount of heating steam from outside no more than 15 is some percent of the total amount of heating steam. In addition, the working temperature prevailing in the second evaporator can be set lower than the working temperature in the first evaporator by means of suction fan suction.

Claims (4)

1. Fremgangsmåde til inddampning, hvor inddampningen udføres ved hjælp af opvarmningsdamp under anvendelse af mindst 5 to efter hinanden følgende, i forhold til væsken som skal inddampes, serieforbundne inddampere (1, 2), og hvor der som opvarmningsdamp anvendes damp, der er af dampet fra selve den væske, der skal inddampes, hvilken damp føres både fra serieforbindelsens første og fra serieforbindelsens 10 anden inddamper til en blæser (13) eller lignende indretning, der blæser dampen videre under højere tryk tilbage til inddamperne, kendetegnet ved, at den blæser (13), til hvilken man fører damp fra begge serieforbindelsens inddampere (1, 2), virker som hovedblæser, idet der 15 ved fremgangsmåden anvendes en hjælpeblæser (12), der arbejder ved damp, afdampet fra serieforbindelsens anden inddamper før denne damps ankomst til hovedblæseren.A method of evaporation, wherein the evaporation is carried out by means of heating steam using at least 5 consecutive, relative to the liquid to be evaporated, series-connected evaporators (1, 2), and in which steam which is used as a heating steam is used. the vapor from the liquid itself to be evaporated, which vapor is passed both from the first evaporator of the serial connection and from the second evaporator of the serial connection 10 to a blower (13) or similar device which blows the steam back under higher pressure to the evaporator, characterized in that it blows (13), to which steam is supplied from both evaporators (1, 2) of the series connection, acts as a main blower, using the method an auxiliary fan (12) which operates on steam, evaporated from the second evaporator of the series connection before the arrival of this steam to the main blower. 2. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet 20 ved, at tørstofindholdet i inddampningens slutprodukt holdes konstant under inddampningsprocessens forløb ved at regulere hjælpeblæserens (12) sugehøjde.Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the dry matter content of the final product of the evaporation is kept constant during the course of the evaporation process by regulating the suction height of the auxiliary fan (12). 3. Apparat til udøvelse af en fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1 25 eller 2, hvortil der hører mindst to efter hinanden følgende, i forhold til den væske der skal inddampes, serieforbundne inddampere (1, 2) samt et kanalsystem (6, 10), gennem hvilket damp, der afdampes fra væsken i inddamperne, føres tilbage til inddamperne for at anvendes som opvarm- 30 ningsdamp, og som er forsynet med blæsere (12, 13) eller lignende anordninger, der øger dampens tryk, kendetegnet ved, at apparatet omfatter en hovedblæser (13), som ved hjælp af kanaler (6, 7) er i forbindelse med begge serieforbindelsens inddampere (1, 2), således at der 35 til hovedblæseren kan ledes damp fra begge inddampere, og yderligere en hjælpeblæser (12), der er anbragt før hoved- DK 161549 B 7 blæseren i kanalen (7) mellem serieforbindelsens anden inddamper (2) og hovedblæseren.Apparatus for carrying out a method according to claim 1, 25 or 2, which comprises at least two consecutive, relative to the liquid to be evaporated, series connected evaporators (1, 2) and a duct system (6, 10), through which steam evaporated from the liquid in the evaporators is returned to the evaporators for use as heating steam and provided with fans (12, 13) or similar devices which increase the pressure of the steam, characterized in that the apparatus comprises a a main blower (13) connected by means of ducts (6, 7) to both evaporators (1, 2) of both series connection, so that steam can be supplied to the main blower from both evaporators, and a further blower (12) which is arranged before the main fan in the duct (7) between the second evaporator (2) of the serial connection and the main fan. 4. Apparat ifølge krav 3, kendetegnet ved, at 5 hjælpeblæseren (12) er forsynet med en inverter, en ledeskovlsregulator eller lignende reguleringsmidler for blæserens sugehøjde.Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the auxiliary fan (12) is provided with an inverter, a vane regulator or similar control means for the fan suction height.
DK534582A 1981-12-11 1982-12-02 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATION OF LIQUID DK161549C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI813978 1981-12-11
FI813978A FI63863C (en) 1981-12-11 1981-12-11 AVDUNSTNINGSFOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING

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DK534582A DK534582A (en) 1983-06-12
DK161549B true DK161549B (en) 1991-07-22
DK161549C DK161549C (en) 1992-01-06

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DE (1) DE3244761C2 (en)
DK (1) DK161549C (en)
FI (1) FI63863C (en)
NL (1) NL8204791A (en)
SE (1) SE460337B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI63863C (en) * 1981-12-11 1983-09-12 Mkt Tehtaat Oy AVDUNSTNINGSFOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING
DE3316661A1 (en) * 1983-05-06 1984-11-08 Wiegand Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7505 Ettlingen METHOD FOR EVAPORATING A SOLVED PRODUCT AND RECOVERING A LIGHT VOLATILE PART OF THE SOLVENT
US7328591B2 (en) 2003-09-19 2008-02-12 The Texas A&M University System Jet ejector system and method
US7708865B2 (en) 2003-09-19 2010-05-04 Texas A&M University System Vapor-compression evaporation system and method
WO2005028983A1 (en) * 2003-09-19 2005-03-31 The Texas A & M University System Heat exchanger system and method
CN100482303C (en) 2004-02-10 2009-04-29 得克萨斯A&M大学*** Vapor-compression evaporation system and method
AT17768U3 (en) * 2022-09-27 2023-03-15 Gig Karasek Gmbh Plant and process for the concentration of substance-containing liquids by multi-stage evaporation

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE375288C (en) * 1919-06-27 1923-05-12 Escher Wyss Maschf Ag Process for the recovery of heat from the liquid that remains after the distillation of volatile components from a solution
FI63863C (en) * 1981-12-11 1983-09-12 Mkt Tehtaat Oy AVDUNSTNINGSFOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING

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SE8207061D0 (en) 1982-12-10
DK161549C (en) 1992-01-06
DE3244761C2 (en) 1993-10-28
SE8207061L (en) 1983-06-12
FI63863B (en) 1983-05-31
ATA447182A (en) 1988-12-15
FI63863C (en) 1983-09-12
AT388509B (en) 1989-07-25
DK534582A (en) 1983-06-12
DE3244761A1 (en) 1983-06-23
NL8204791A (en) 1983-07-01

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