DE860982C - Process for the cold stabilization of lubricating oils - Google Patents

Process for the cold stabilization of lubricating oils

Info

Publication number
DE860982C
DE860982C DEP28781A DEP0028781A DE860982C DE 860982 C DE860982 C DE 860982C DE P28781 A DEP28781 A DE P28781A DE P0028781 A DEP0028781 A DE P0028781A DE 860982 C DE860982 C DE 860982C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
fatty acids
lubricating oils
oils
saturated
isomorphic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEP28781A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Paul Woog
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Francaise de Raffinage SA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Francaise de Raffinage SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Francaise de Raffinage SA filed Critical Compagnie Francaise de Raffinage SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE860982C publication Critical patent/DE860982C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M1/00Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/025Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with condensed rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/16Naphthenic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00Metal present as such or in compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04Groups 2 or 12
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/08Groups 4 or 14
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/12Groups 6 or 16
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/135Steam engines or turbines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/14Electric or magnetic purposes
    • C10N2040/16Dielectric; Insulating oil or insulators
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/14Electric or magnetic purposes
    • C10N2040/17Electric or magnetic purposes for electric contacts

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

Bekanntlich kann man den Reibungskoeffizienten und die Schlüpfrigkeit von Schmierölen beträchtlich verbessern, indem man in den Schmierölen eine kleine Menge langkettiger, gesättigter Fettsäuren, wie z. B. Stearinsäure, löst. Dabei führt eine Zugabe von 0,15% zu den besten Ergebnissen. Diese an sich sehr zweckmäßige Maßnahme hat jedoch einen Nachteil. Die Löslichkeit langkettiger Fettsäuren in Mineralölen ist nämlich sehr gering, und wenn sich auch eine Menge von 0,15% bei Raumtemperatur vollständig auflöst, so tritt doch, wenn das so versetzte Schmieröl einer niedrigen Temperatur ausgesetzt wird, alsbald eine Abscheidung eines Teiles der gelösten festen Fettsäuren auf. So fängt beispielsweise ein eine Lösung von o,i5°/0 Stearinsäure enthaltendes Vaselinöl von mittlerer Flüssigkeit von o° an sich zu trüben, und es bildet sich ein reichlicher Niederschlag von Fettsäurenocken, It is known that the coefficient of friction and the lubricity of lubricating oils can be improved considerably by adding a small amount of long-chain saturated fatty acids, such as e.g. B. stearic acid dissolves. An addition of 0.15% leads to the best results. However, this measure, which is very useful in itself, has a disadvantage. The solubility of long-chain fatty acids in mineral oils is very low, and even if an amount of 0.15% dissolves completely at room temperature, when the lubricating oil so added is exposed to a low temperature, some of the dissolved solids will soon separate out Fatty acids. For example, a petroleum jelly containing a solution of 0.15% stearic acid starts to become cloudy with a medium liquid of 0 °, and an abundant deposit of fatty acid socks forms,

Es hat sich nun gezeigt, daß dieser Nachteil vermieden werden kann, indem man entweder in das Gemisch kleine Mengen oxydierter Fettsäuren einbringt oder indem man den langkettigen, gesättigten Fettsäuren, die in den Schmierölen gelöst werden sollen, kleine Mengen anderer isomorpher Fettsäuren zugibt, die mit den ersteren Mischkristalle bilden können. Bekanntlich ist solche Synkristallisation eine so vollständige, daß die Röntgenspektren keine Linien der die Bestandteile bildenden Säuren, sondern nur enie einzige Reihe von resultierenden Linien aufweisen. Die beiden vorstehenden Maßnahmen können auch kombiniert und gleichzeitig angewendet werden.It has now been shown that this disadvantage can be avoided by either entering the Mixture of small amounts of oxidized fatty acids or by adding the long-chain, saturated ones Fatty acids to be dissolved in lubricating oils, small amounts of other isomorphic fatty acids admits, which can form mixed crystals with the former. As is known, such a syncrystallization is one so complete that the X-ray spectra are not lines of the acids forming the constituent parts, but only have a single series of resulting lines. The above two measures can also combined and applied at the same time.

Im ersteren Fall kann man die oxydierten Fettsäuren besonders einbringen, doch ist es vorzuziehen, diese oxydierten Fettsäuren im Schmieröl selbst zu bilden. Zu diesem Zweck führt man eine Durchblasung, z.B. mit Luft, durch, und zwar bei einer Tem-In the former case, the oxidized fatty acids can be added, but it is preferable to form these oxidized fatty acids in the lubricating oil itself. For this purpose a blow-through is carried out, e.g. with air, at a temperature

peratur, bei der die Fettsäuren geschmolzen sind, z. B. bei ioo°. Diese Durchblasung erfolgt in der Weise, daß man während einer Zeit von 15 bis 20 Stunden Luft, die durch eine poröse, in die geschmolzenen Fettsäuren eingetauchte Wand sehr fein verteilt wird, bei einer Arbeitstemperatur von ioo° hindurchtreibt. Es sei bemerkt, daß diese Durchblasung unwirksam wäre, wenn sie bei einer gesättigten, reinen Säure, wie z. B. Stearinsäure, zur Anwendung käme. Durch Verwen-temperature at which the fatty acids have melted, e.g. B. at ioo °. This blowing takes place in such a way that one for a period of 15 to 20 hours of air passing through a porous, into the melted fatty acids immersed wall is very finely distributed, drives through it at a working temperature of 100 °. Be it notes that this bubbling would be ineffective if it were to be used with a saturated, pure acid such as e.g. B. Stearic acid, would be used. By using

to dung von Fettsäuregemischen mit einer niedrigen Jodzahl, etwa von der Größenordnung von 10 bis 15, erhält man jedoch das gewünschte Ergebnis. Das Fettsäuregemisch (im wesentlichen bestehend aus Stearin- und Palmitinsäuren mit ein wenig ölsäure), aus dem üblicherweise Kerzen hergestellt werden, ist besonders empfehlenswert.to the formation of fatty acid mixtures with a low iodine number, for example of the order of magnitude of 10 to 15, however, you get the desired result. The fatty acid mixture (essentially consisting of stearic and palmitic acids with a little oleic acid), from which candles are usually made, is special recommendable.

Im zweiten Fall fügt man den zu verbessernden ölen ein Gemisch zu, das durch Zusammenschmelzen von gesättigten Fettsäuren zweckmäßig mit C10 — C18 und einer geringen Menge einer nichtgesättigten isomorphen Säure erhalten wird. Man kann hierbei z. B. ölsäure wählen, und zwar in einer Menge, daß die Jodzahl des Gemisches ungefähr 10 bis 15 beträgt. Es liegt auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, einen Ausgangsstoff zu benutzen, in dem sich die erforderlichen Säuren von selbst vereinigen. Als Beispiel sei in dieser Hinsicht der unter der Bezeichnung zweimal destilliertes Palmöl bekannte Stoff genannt.In the second case, a mixture is added to the oils to be improved which is obtained by melting together saturated fatty acids, advantageously with C 10 -C 18 and a small amount of an unsaturated isomorphic acid. You can here z. B. choose oleic acid, in an amount that the iodine number of the mixture is about 10-15. It is also within the scope of the invention to use a starting material in which the required acids combine by themselves. An example in this regard is the substance known as twice distilled palm oil.

Dieser letztere Stoff kann so, wie er ist, oder in Form eines Gemisches verwendet werden, das man durch Zusammenschmelzen mit 25 bis 50 °/0 Stearinsäure erhält.This latter material may be as it is or a mixture to be used in the form which is obtained by melting together with 25 to 50 ° / 0 stearic acid.

Beispielexample

Mineralöl 99,85,Mineral oil 99.85,

zweimal destilliertes Palmöl, 75 % 1 ■twice distilled palm oil, 75% 1 ■

Stearinsäure, 25 % J ' 5"Stearic acid, 25% J ' 5 "

Durch Anwendung des Verfahrens und seiner verschiedenen abgeänderten Ausführungsformen erhält man Schmieröle von ausgezeichneter Schmierfähigkeit oder Schlüpfrigkeit, die gegenüber niedrigeren Temperaturen widerstandsfähig sind, ohne ihr Aussehen zu ändern und die vollkommen homogen bleiben. Die Erfindung kann im übrigen selbstverständlich bei allen, kleine Mengen gesättigter Fettsäuren enthaltenden ölen Anwendung finden, selbst wenn die Öle für andere als für Schmierzwecke benutzt werden.Using the method and its various modified embodiments You can find lubricating oils of excellent lubricity or slipperiness that are resistant to lower temperatures are resistant without changing their appearance and which remain perfectly homogeneous. the The invention can of course also be used for all containing small amounts of saturated fatty acids oils find application even if the oils are used for purposes other than lubrication.

Claims (4)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE:PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Verfahren zur Kältestabilisierung von mit langkettigen, gesättigten Fettsäuren versetzten Schmierölen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß den Schmierölen entmischungsverhindernde Stoffe, wie z. B. oxydierte oder mit den langkettigen, gesättigten Fettsäuren isomorphe Fettsäuren zugesetzt werden.1. Process for the cold stabilization of mixed with long-chain, saturated fatty acids Lubricating oils, characterized in that the lubricating oils contain substances that prevent segregation, such as z. B. oxidized fatty acids or added isomorphic fatty acids with the long-chain saturated fatty acids will. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die oxydierten Fettsäuren in den Schmierölen selbst erzeugt werden.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the oxidized fatty acids are generated in the lubricating oils themselves. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch « gekennzeichnet, daß die isomorphen Fettsäuren durch Zusammenschmelzen von gesättigten, vorzugsweise mit C10 bis C18, und ungesättigten Fettsäuren erzeugt werden.3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized «in that the isomorphic fatty acids are produced by melting together saturated, preferably with C 10 to C 18 , and unsaturated fatty acids. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als entmischungsverhindernder Stoff das sogenannte zweimal destillierte Palmöl verwendet wird.4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that as segregation preventing Substance the so-called twice distilled palm oil is used. Angezogene Druckschriften:
Technologie der Technischen öle und Fette von
Referred publications:
Technology of technical oils and fats from
Dr. Julius Swoboda, 1931, S. 71, Abs. 6, u. S. 73,Dr. Julius Swoboda, 1931, p. 71, para. 6, below p. 73, Abs. 2 ; Ubbelohde, Handbuch der Chemie u. TechnologieParagraph 2; Ubbelohde, Handbook of Chemistry and Technology der pflanzlichen öle und Fette, 1932, S. 576.of vegetable oils and fats, 1932, p. 576. © 5587 12.52© 5587 12.52
DEP28781A 1944-01-07 1948-12-31 Process for the cold stabilization of lubricating oils Expired DE860982C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR860982X 1944-01-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE860982C true DE860982C (en) 1952-12-29

Family

ID=9337132

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEP28781A Expired DE860982C (en) 1944-01-07 1948-12-31 Process for the cold stabilization of lubricating oils

Country Status (4)

Country Link
CH (1) CH275442A (en)
DE (1) DE860982C (en)
FR (2) FR988543A (en)
GB (1) GB625101A (en)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB625101A (en) 1949-06-22
FR55977E (en) 1952-09-10
CH275442A (en) 1951-05-31
FR988543A (en) 1951-08-28

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