DE521035C - Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium salts suitable as wetting agents, foaming agents, dispersing agents and emulsifying agents - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium salts suitable as wetting agents, foaming agents, dispersing agents and emulsifying agents

Info

Publication number
DE521035C
DE521035C DEI36962D DEI0036962D DE521035C DE 521035 C DE521035 C DE 521035C DE I36962 D DEI36962 D DE I36962D DE I0036962 D DEI0036962 D DE I0036962D DE 521035 C DE521035 C DE 521035C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
agents
quaternary ammonium
ammonium salts
preparation
foaming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEI36962D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Karl Daimler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Original Assignee
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IG Farbenindustrie AG filed Critical IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority to DEI36962D priority Critical patent/DE521035C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE521035C publication Critical patent/DE521035C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K23/00Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
    • C09K23/18Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/12Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group, wherein Cn means a carbon skeleton not containing a ring; Thio analogues thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62DCHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K23/00Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von als Netz-, Schaum-, Dispergierungs- und Emulgierungsmittel geeigneten quaternären Ammoniumsalzen - Bekanntlich erhält man quaternäre Ammoniumsalze mit seifenartigen Eigenschaften dadurch, daß man höhermolekulare Säuren, deren Anhydride oder Chloride oder deren sonstige Derivate auf solche aliphatischen Amine zur Einwirkung bringt, die viermal durch eine Alkylgruppe substituiert sind, und von denen eine mindestens eine zur Veresterung mit der höhermolekularen Säure gelangende Hydroxylgruppe enthält.Process for the production of quaternary ammonium salts suitable as wetting, foaming, dispersing and emulsifying agents - It is known that quaternary ammonium salts with soap-like properties are obtained by bringing higher molecular acids, their anhydrides or chlorides or their other derivatives to the action of such aliphatic amines, which are substituted four times by an alkyl group, and of which one contains at least one hydroxyl group which can be esterified with the higher molecular weight acid.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß die quaternären Ammerniumsalze derjenigen Körper noch stärkere seifenartige Eigenschaften -und ein besonders hohes, in sauren, alkalischen und neutralen Medien wirksames Netz- und Disglomeriervermögen besitzen, die zwar #benfalls nach diesem Schema: zusammengesetzt sind, bei denen aber im Gegensatz zu den vorerwähnten Körpern der Substituent R, nicht aus einer Alkylgruppe, sondern aus einer Aralkylgruppe besteht, während die übr4en Substituenten Äthylgruppen darstellen und der externe Substituent R5 höhermolekular sein muß, also mindestens fünf Kohlenstoffatome in offener oder ringförmig,er Anordnung enthalten soll. Unter diese Definition würden, beispielsweise folgende Körper fallen: Beispiel 117 Gewichtsteile Diathylaminoathanol (wasserfrei) und 127 Gewichtsteile Benzylchlorid werden etwa 2 Stunden auf So bis i oo' erwärmt, bis das Benzylchlorid verschwunden ist, die Masse syprupartig geworden ist und eine Probe beim Erkalten harzartig erstarrt. Hierauf läßt man 301 Gewichtsteile von auf So bis go' erwärmtem öls-aurechlorid zulaufen und hält noch 1/,tStunde bei So bis go'. Das nunmehr vollkommen wasserlösliche Produkt, welches in theoretischer Ausbeute erhalten wird, stellt nach dem Erkalten eine braunliche syrupartige Masse dar, die als solche verwendet werden kann oder in kaltem Wasser aufgenommen und gegebenenfalls unter Verwendung von Ammoniak neutralisiert wird. Das Produkt löst sich in den meisten Lösungsmitteln, desgleichen in Wasser, verdünnten Säuren und verdünnten Alkalien aller Art auf. Die wasserhaltigen Lösungen besitzen ein hohes Netz-, Schaum-, Disglomerier- und Ernulgiervermögen.It has now been found that the quaternary ammernium salts of those bodies have even stronger soap-like properties - and a particularly high wetting and disglomeration capacity effective in acidic, alkaline and neutral media, which are also based on this scheme: are composed, in which, however, in contrast to the above-mentioned bodies, the substituent R does not consist of an alkyl group but of an aralkyl group, while the remaining substituents represent ethyl groups and the external substituent R5 must be of higher molecular weight, i.e. at least five carbon atoms in open or ring form , it should contain arrangement. This definition would include, for example, the following bodies: EXAMPLE 117 parts by weight of diethylaminoethanol (anhydrous) and 127 parts by weight of benzyl chloride are heated for about 2 hours to so to 10 ° until the benzyl chloride has disappeared, the mass has become syprup-like and a sample solidifies resin-like on cooling. Then 301 parts by weight of oleic acid chloride heated to so to go 'are allowed to run in and hold for a further 1/1 hour at so to go'. The now completely water-soluble product, which is obtained in theoretical yield, after cooling represents a brownish syrupy mass which can be used as such or taken up in cold water and optionally neutralized using ammonia. The product dissolves in most solvents, as well as in water, diluted acids and diluted alkalis of all kinds. The aqueous solutions have a high wetting, foaming, disglomerating and emulsifying capacity.

Statt Benzylchlorid können mit ähnlichem Erfolg andere Aralkyl-Halogenverbindungen, z. B. Nitrobenzylchlorid oder w-Chlormethylnaphthalin, angewendet werden; statt Ölsäurechlorid kann man Stearinsäurechlorid, Naphthensäurechlorid u. dgl. verwenden. Nitrate erhält man aus den fertiggestellten' Hydrochloriden durch' entsprechende 'Umsetzung. Alle so gewonnenen Körper können. sehr vorteilhafte Verwendung finden, besonders in der Textilindustrie als Netzmittel, z. B. beim Karbonisieren, Walken, Schlichten, Färben, Beuchen, bei der Herstellung von Schmälzen, Appretiermitteln, Lösungsmitteln, Ernulsionen, wobei sie zugleich fettend wirken, ämlicii wie Türkischrotöl. Bei der Küpenfärberei und Indigosolfärberei bewirken sie eine Erhöhung der Egalität und Reibechtheit. Da sie im Gegensatz zu sulfonierten Netzmitteln mit basischen Farbstoffen keine Fällungen geben, lassen sie sich auch mit diesen zusammen verwenden. Auch als Ersatz für Saponin sind sie wegen ihrer schaumgebenden Eigenschaft verwendbar, z. B. in Schaumfeuerlöschmitteln, als Desinfektionsmittel, Insektenbekämpfungsmittel usw.Instead of benzyl chloride, other aralkyl-halogen compounds, z. B. nitrobenzyl chloride or w-chloromethylnaphthalene can be used; instead of Oleic acid chloride can be used, stearic acid chloride, naphthenic acid chloride and the like. Nitrates are obtained from the completed 'hydrochlorides by' corresponding 'Implementation. All bodies obtained in this way can. find very beneficial use, especially in the textile industry as a wetting agent, e.g. B. in carbonizing, milling, Sizing, dyeing, cupping, in the production of pancakes, finishing agents, Solvents, emulsions, which at the same time have a greasy effect, ämlicii like Turkish red oil. In vat dyeing and indigosol dyeing, they increase the levelness and rubbing fastness. Because, unlike sulfonated wetting agents, they have basic Dyes do not give precipitates, they can also be used together with these. They can also be used as a substitute for saponin because of their foaming properties, z. B. in foam fire extinguishers, as disinfectants, insect repellants etc.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur Herstellung von als Netz-, Schaum-, Dispergierungs- und Eniulgierungsmittel geeigneten quaternären Ammoniumsalzen, dadurch gekennzeichtiet, daß man Diäthylaniinoäthanol mit einem Aralkylhalogenid in das quaternäre Salz verwandelt und dann mit einem Fettsäurechlorid von mindestens fünf Kohlenstoffatomen die Hydrokylgruppe verestert. PATENT CLAIM: Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium salts suitable as wetting, foaming, dispersing and emulsifying agents, characterized in that diethylaniinoethanol is converted into the quaternary salt with an aralkyl halide and then the hydrokyl group is esterified with a fatty acid chloride of at least five carbon atoms.
DEI36962D 1929-01-26 1929-01-26 Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium salts suitable as wetting agents, foaming agents, dispersing agents and emulsifying agents Expired DE521035C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI36962D DE521035C (en) 1929-01-26 1929-01-26 Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium salts suitable as wetting agents, foaming agents, dispersing agents and emulsifying agents

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI36962D DE521035C (en) 1929-01-26 1929-01-26 Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium salts suitable as wetting agents, foaming agents, dispersing agents and emulsifying agents

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE521035C true DE521035C (en) 1931-04-08

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEI36962D Expired DE521035C (en) 1929-01-26 1929-01-26 Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium salts suitable as wetting agents, foaming agents, dispersing agents and emulsifying agents

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE521035C (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE765245C (en) * 1936-08-29 1954-01-04 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds
DE767843C (en) * 1936-04-12 1954-01-18 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Process for the production of nitrogen-containing condensation products

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE767843C (en) * 1936-04-12 1954-01-18 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Process for the production of nitrogen-containing condensation products
DE765245C (en) * 1936-08-29 1954-01-04 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Process for the preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds

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