DE4225988A1 - Porous ceramic material mfr. used to soak up hazardous waste - uses porous concrete waste fired in a kiln at least at 1000 deg.C. - Google Patents

Porous ceramic material mfr. used to soak up hazardous waste - uses porous concrete waste fired in a kiln at least at 1000 deg.C.

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Publication number
DE4225988A1
DE4225988A1 DE19924225988 DE4225988A DE4225988A1 DE 4225988 A1 DE4225988 A1 DE 4225988A1 DE 19924225988 DE19924225988 DE 19924225988 DE 4225988 A DE4225988 A DE 4225988A DE 4225988 A1 DE4225988 A1 DE 4225988A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
aerated concrete
porous ceramic
kiln
concrete pieces
waste
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19924225988
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German (de)
Other versions
DE4225988C2 (en
Inventor
Bassilios Zlatanof
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FORSCHUNGSLABOR POROCERAM GBR (VERTRETUNGSBERECHTI
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Bassilios Zlatanof
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Priority to DE19924225988 priority Critical patent/DE4225988C2/en
Publication of DE4225988A1 publication Critical patent/DE4225988A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE4225988C2 publication Critical patent/DE4225988C2/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
    • C04B40/0263—Hardening promoted by a rise in temperature
    • C04B40/0268—Heating up to sintering temperatures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J20/28011—Other properties, e.g. density, crush strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3021—Milling, crushing or grinding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/027—Lightweight materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

For the prodn. of porous ceramic materials, porous concrete pieces are formed from quartz sand, lime and cement, to be heated in a kiln at least at 1000 deg.C. The material is allowed to cool for removal as the finished prod.. USE/ADVANTAGE - The method is for the prodn. of a porous ceramic material, similar to silica materials, with a high pressure strength, high absorption and absorption rates and high wear resistance. It can be used as loose spreading material to sock up hazardous fluids, as a carrier for micro-organisms in sewage purificn., or for domestic applications such as cat litter. It can also be used for liq. or gas filtration, or thermal insulation. The system uses waste concrete material for conversion into a porous ceramic prod. for a variety of applications.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung poröser keramischer Werk­ stoffe, bei dem als Ausgangsmaterial handelsüblicher Porenbeton verwendet wird. Porenbeton wird aufgrund seiner spezifischen Materialeigenschaften be­ kanntlich vorwiegend in der Bauindustrie zum Herstellen von Leichtbausteinen und -fertigteilen verwendet. Für andere Einsatzgebiete, die beispielsweise eine höhere Druckfestigkeit, höhere Ad- und Absorption oder höhere Abriebfestig­ keit erfordern, ist er dagegen nur bedingt geeignet.The invention relates to a method for producing porous ceramic work materials in which commercially available aerated concrete is used as the starting material becomes. AAC is due to its specific material properties Known mainly in the construction industry for the manufacture of lightweight building blocks and prefabricated parts used. For other areas of application, for example a higher compressive strength, higher ad and absorption or higher abrasion resistance require speed, it is only suitable to a limited extent.

Es wird ein Verfahren vorgeschlagen, bei dem durch einen einfachen Brenn­ vorgang der Porenbeton zu einem mit etwa den bekannten Silikasteinen ver­ gleichbaren Werkstoff mit u. a. höherer Druckfestigkeit, höherer Ad- und Ab­ sorption und höherer Abriebfestigkeit umgewandelt wird.A method is proposed in which by a simple burning process the aerated concrete to a ver with about the known silica stones comparable material with u. a. higher compressive strength, higher ad and ab sorption and higher abrasion resistance is converted.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß der mit dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren hergestellte, im folgenden als Silika-Werkstoff bezeichnete keramische Werkstoff einen gegenüber Porenbeton erhöhten Anteil von offenen Zellen aufweist. Er eignet sich deshalb aufgrund der dadurch vergrößerten inneren Oberfläche insbe­ sondere als Ad- und Absorbens, beispielsweise als Streumittel zum Aufsaugen von giftigen Flüssigkeiten, als Trägermaterial für Mikroorganismen bei der Ab­ wasserreinigung und im häuslichen Bereich als Katzenstreu. Ebenso ist eine Anwendung in der Technik als Filtrationsmittel für Flüssigkeiten und Gase denkbar. Schließlich kann der erfindungsgemäße Werkstoff, wie die bekannten Silikasteine, zur Thermoisolation beispielsweise von Brennöfen verwendet werden.It has been shown that the in the following ceramic material referred to as a ceramic material has an increased proportion of open cells compared to aerated concrete. It is suitable therefore, due to the increased internal surface area especially as an adsorbent and absorbent, for example as a scattering agent for vacuuming of toxic liquids, as a carrier material for microorganisms in the Ab water purification and at home as cat litter. Likewise is one Application in technology as a filtration medium for liquids and gases conceivable. Finally, the material according to the invention, like the known ones Silica stones, used for thermal insulation, for example, of kilns become.

Die in Anspruch 2 genannte Maßnahme hat den Vorteil, daß die bei der Her­ stellung von Porenbetonbausteinen mit einem Prozentsatz von etwa 7% an­ fallenden Mengen an Abfall und II. Wahl einer sinnvollen Wiederverwendung zugeführt werden können und nicht - wie bisher üblich - auf die ohnehin knapper werdenden Deponieplätze abgelagert werden müssen. Nach einer Schätzung des Autors fallen allein in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland rund 280 000 m3 Porenbetonabfall aus der Produktion an. Die Maßnahme gemäß Anspruch 3 ist in analoger Weise vorteilhaft.The measure mentioned in claim 2 has the advantage that in the manufacture of aerated concrete blocks with a percentage of about 7% of falling amounts of waste and II. Choice can be fed to a sensible reuse and not - as usual so far - on the anyway increasingly scarce landfill sites have to be deposited. According to an estimate by the author, around 280,000 m 3 of aerated concrete waste accrues from production in the Federal Republic of Germany alone. The measure according to claim 3 is advantageous in an analogous manner.

In Anspruch 4 ist ein Verfahrensablauf genannt, der sich nach vielen Ver­ suchsreihen herauskristallisiert hat. Danach werden die Porenbetonstücke in­ nerhalb eines Zeitraums von 7 Stunden langsam auf eine Endtemperatur von 1230°C erhitzt. Die durch die Dehydratisierung der im Porenbeton enthaltenen Silikathydrate und durch temperaturabhängige Gefügeumwandlungen auftre­ tenden Volumenänderungen können während dieser langsamen Temperatur­ steigerung vonstatten gehen. Unter den gleichen Gesichtspunkten ist die an die 4-stündige Sinterphase sich anschließende und 7 Stunden dauernde Abküh­ lungsphase zu sehen.In claim 4, a process is mentioned, which after many ver search series has crystallized. Then the aerated concrete pieces in slowly to a final temperature of within 7 hours Heated to 1230 ° C. The by dehydrating those contained in the aerated concrete Silicate hydrates and by temperature-dependent structural changes Tending volume changes can occur during this slow temperature increase. From the same point of view, that is to the 4-hour sintering phase followed by 7 hours cooling to see the development phase.

Durch einen zusätzlichen Verfahrensschritt gemäß Anspruch 7 können aus den fertigen Silika-Werkstoffstücken je nach Anwendungsfall unterschiedliche Korngrößen eingestellt werden.By an additional method step according to claim 7 can from the produce different pieces of silica material depending on the application Grain sizes can be set.

Die Erfindung wird anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention is illustrated by a preferred embodiment explained.

Aus Ausgangsstoff werden Ausschußbausteine aus Porenbeton der Klasse G-2 mit einem Raumgewicht von 500 kg/m3 im Format von 50/25/10 cm verwendet. Die Porenbetonsteine werden auf einem Plattformwagen jeweils mit Abstand voneinander und in drei Etagen übereinander aufgeschichtet und bei Umgebungstemperatur in einen Brennofen eingebracht. Die Temperatur im Innern des Brennofens wird nun innerhalb eines Zeitraums von 7 Stunden kontinuierlich gesteigert, bis eine Endtemperatur von 1230°C erreicht ist. Danach werden die Porenbetonsteine 4 Stunden lang auf dieser Temperatur gehalten. Dabei findet, wie auch schon gegen Ende der Aufheizphase, ein Sintervorgang statt. Nach Ende der 4- stündigen Sinterphase wird die Temperatur des Brennofens innerhalb von 7 Stunden kontinuierlich auf Raumtemperatur abgesenkt. Die Umwandlung des Porenbetons in einen den Silikasteinen ähnlichen keramischen Werkstoff ist nun abgeschlossen, das Produkt kann entnommen werden. Je nach dem angestrebten Verwendungszweck werden die Silikawerkstoffblöcke anschließend beispielsweise in einem Kegelbrecher zerkleinert und das Zerkleinerungsgut sortiert. Der fertige Silika-Werkstoff weist folgende Pa­ rameter auf:Committee building blocks made of aerated concrete of class G-2 with a density of 500 kg / m 3 in the format of 50/25/10 cm are used. The aerated concrete blocks are stacked on a platform trolley at a distance from each other and on three levels one above the other and placed in a furnace at ambient temperature. The temperature inside the furnace is now continuously increased within a period of 7 hours until a final temperature of 1230 ° C is reached. The aerated concrete blocks are then kept at this temperature for 4 hours. As with the end of the heating phase, a sintering process takes place. At the end of the 4-hour sintering phase, the temperature of the kiln is continuously lowered to room temperature within 7 hours. The conversion of the aerated concrete into a ceramic material similar to silica stones is now complete, the product can be removed. Depending on the intended use, the silica blocks are then crushed in a cone crusher, for example, and the comminuted material is sorted. The finished silica material has the following parameters:

  • - Raumgewicht ca. 700 kg/m3 - density approx. 700 kg / m 3
  • - Druckfestigkeit 15-20 N/mm2 - compressive strength 15-20 N / mm 2
  • - sekundäre Absorption (gerechnet) ca. 630 l/m3 - secondary absorption (calculated) approx. 630 l / m 3
  • - Feuerfestigkeit bis 1400°C- Fire resistance up to 1400 ° C

Neben den oben bereits genannten Anwendungsbeispielen ist der erfindungs­ gemäße Silika-Werkstoff in Korngrößen von bis etwa 2 mm als Träger für Pflanzenschutzmittel geeignet. Dazu wird der feinkörnige Silikawerkstoff mit dem pulverförmigen Pflanzenschutzmittel vermengt. Aufgrund seiner stark ver­ größerten äußeren und zum Teil auch inneren Oberfläche wird das Pflanzen­ schutzmittel praktisch vollständig adsorbiert. Das so vorbehandelte Silika- Werkstoff-Granulat kann beispielsweise mit Getreidekörnern vor deren Aussaat vermischt oder direkt auf den Ackerboden ausgetragen werden. Besonders bei diesem Anwendungsfall macht sich positiv bemerkbar, daß sich der erfin­ dungsgemäße Werkstoff praktisch pH-neutral verhält.In addition to the application examples already mentioned, the invention appropriate silica material in grain sizes of up to about 2 mm as a carrier for Pesticide suitable. The fine-grained silica material is also used mixed with the powdered pesticide. Because of its strong ver Planting becomes the largest outer and partly also the inner surface protective agents are almost completely adsorbed. The pretreated silica Material granules can be used, for example, with cereal grains before they are sown mixed or carried directly to the arable soil. Especially at this application has a positive effect that the inventions material according to the invention behaves practically pH-neutral.

Der nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Werkstoff eignet sich aufgrund seiner relativ scharfkantigen Zellwände an der Kornoberfläche bei­ spielsweise als Abriebmittel zum Aufrauhen von Jeansstoffen zur Erzeugung des in der Modebranche als "stone-washed" bekannten Erscheinungsbildes. Gegenüber herkömmlichen Scheuermitteln, wie beispielsweise Bimssteinchen, haben Granulate aus dem erfindungsgemäßen Werkstoff den Vorteil, daß sie wesentlich abriebfester sind und daher längere Standzeiten aufweisen. Der durch gegenseitigen Abrieb bedingte Abfall ist entsprechend gering.The material produced by the method according to the invention is suitable due to its relatively sharp-edged cell walls on the grain surface for example as an abrasion agent for roughening jeans fabrics for production of the appearance known in the fashion industry as "stone-washed". Compared to conventional abrasives, such as pumice stones, granules made from the material according to the invention have the advantage that they are significantly more resistant to abrasion and therefore have a longer service life. Of the waste caused by mutual abrasion is correspondingly low.

Weitere Anwendungsbeispiele für den erfindungsgemäßen Werkstoff sind der Einsatz in der Agrarwirtschaft als Bodenstrukturverbesserer, und in der Bau­ industrie als Leichtbetonzuschlag.Further application examples for the material according to the invention are Use in agriculture as a soil structure improver, and in construction industry as a lightweight concrete surcharge.

Claims (7)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung poröser keramischer Werkstoffe, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Verfahrensschritte:
  • a) Bereitstellen von auf der Basis von quarzhaltigem Sand, Kalk und Zement hergestellten Porenbetonstücken,
  • b) Erhitzen der Porenbetonstücke in einem Brennofen auf mindestens 1000°C und
  • c) Abkühlenlassen und Entnahme des fertigen Produkts.
1. Process for the production of porous ceramic materials, characterized by the following process steps:
  • a) provision of aerated concrete pieces based on quartz-containing sand, lime and cement,
  • b) heating the aerated concrete pieces in a kiln to at least 1000 ° C and
  • c) Allow to cool and remove the finished product.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Porenbetonstücke bei der Fertigung von Porenbetonbausteinen oder -fertigbauteilen anfallender Ausschuß sind.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that the aerated concrete pieces in the manufacture of aerated concrete blocks or - Ready-made components are rejects. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Porenbetonstücke bei der Errichtung von Bauwerken anfallender Abfall sind.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that the aerated concrete pieces accumulating in the construction of buildings Are waste. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Porenbetonstücke innerhalb 7 Stunden mit kontinuierlich steigendem Temperaturverlauf auf eine Sintertemperatur von 1230°C erhitzt, 4 Stunden lang auf dieser Temperatur gehalten und anschließend innerhalb 7 Stunden mit kontinuierlich fallendem Temperaturverlauf auf Umgebungstemperatur abgekühlt werden.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized, that the aerated concrete pieces within 7 hours with continuously increasing Temperature curve heated to a sintering temperature of 1230 ° C, 4 hours kept at this temperature for a long time and then within 7 hours with continuously falling temperature curve to ambient temperature be cooled. 5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Porenbetonstücke aus hydrothermal und bei höherem Druck bear­ beitetem Porenbeton bestehen. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized, that the aerated concrete pieces bear hydrothermally and at higher pressure processed aerated concrete.   6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Porenbeton ein Raumgewicht von 300-1000 kg/m3 aufweist.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the aerated concrete has a density of 300-1000 kg / m 3 . 7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das fertige Produkt in einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt zur Herstellung unterschiedlicher Korngrößen zerkleinert wird.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized, that the finished product in a further manufacturing process step different grain sizes is crushed.
DE19924225988 1992-08-06 1992-08-06 Process for the production of porous ceramic materials and their use Expired - Lifetime DE4225988C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924225988 DE4225988C2 (en) 1992-08-06 1992-08-06 Process for the production of porous ceramic materials and their use

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924225988 DE4225988C2 (en) 1992-08-06 1992-08-06 Process for the production of porous ceramic materials and their use

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DE4225988A1 true DE4225988A1 (en) 1994-02-10
DE4225988C2 DE4225988C2 (en) 1996-11-07

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2503174C1 (en) * 2012-06-07 2014-01-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Гранд" Litter for pet toilet

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2951516B2 (en) * 1993-08-27 1999-09-20 小野田エー・エル・シー株式会社 Water treatment material and method for producing the same
DE20010647U1 (en) * 2000-06-21 2001-10-31 Burg Waechter Kg Luelin A Backup cabinet

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DE-B: KRENKLER, K.: Chemie des Bauwesens, Bd. 1, Anorganische Chemie, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1980), S. 289-291 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2503174C1 (en) * 2012-06-07 2014-01-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Гранд" Litter for pet toilet

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