DE4132967A1 - Linear mechanical regulator appts. - is for wind power plant rotor blades and is of centrifugal type adjusting blades indirectly via mechanism - Google Patents

Linear mechanical regulator appts. - is for wind power plant rotor blades and is of centrifugal type adjusting blades indirectly via mechanism

Info

Publication number
DE4132967A1
DE4132967A1 DE4132967A DE4132967A DE4132967A1 DE 4132967 A1 DE4132967 A1 DE 4132967A1 DE 4132967 A DE4132967 A DE 4132967A DE 4132967 A DE4132967 A DE 4132967A DE 4132967 A1 DE4132967 A1 DE 4132967A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
control
connecting rod
wind power
power plant
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE4132967A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Michael Dieck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE4132967A priority Critical patent/DE4132967A1/en
Publication of DE4132967A1 publication Critical patent/DE4132967A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224Adjusting blade pitch
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/70Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/77Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism driven or triggered by centrifugal forces
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

The centrifugal regulator comprises a movable rod (1), a centrifugal wt. (2), a counter spring (3), and a regulator bar (4). It moves during increasing speed by the regulator bar being pushed forward over a gearwheel-crank-gear consisting of a link connecting rod (5), a large gearwheel (6), a small gearwheel (7), and a control connecting rod (8) comprising a control head (9) and a connecting rod (10) for each rotor blade. The gear-wheel-crank-gear converts the linear movement of the regulator bar into one which in non-linear, which is effective in the control head (9). The regulating mechanism is located in the eheoretical speed position if the crank rod of the small gearwheel (7) locates with the control connecting rod (8) on an axis and if the control head is pushed outwards as widely as possible. USE - To regulate the pitch of the rotor blades of a wind power plant.

Description

Es ist bekannt, daß Horizontalachsenwindkraftanlagen mechanisch geregelt wer­ den, indem ein Fliehkraftregler die Rotorblätter bei Übersteigen der Solldrehzahl mit ansteigender Drehzahl verstellt um den Anströmwinkel der Blätter zu ver­ ringern. Bei Drehzahlen unterhalb der Solldrehzahl bleiben die Blätter jedoch in Solldrehzahl-Position.It is known that horizontal axis wind turbines are mechanically controlled the by a centrifugal governor the rotor blades when the target speed is exceeded adjusted with increasing speed to adjust the flow angle of the blades wrestle. At speeds below the target speed, however, the blades remain in Target speed position.

Bei einigen Anlagen wird auch im unteren Drehzahlbereich (bei geringen Windge­ schwindigkeiten), insbesondere bei Stillstand des Rotors, der Blattwinkel verrin­ gert, um ein höheres Drehmoment zu erhalten, ohne das der Rotor bei niedrigen Windgeschwindigkeiten nicht anlaufen würde. Diese Anlagen sind jedoch elektro­ nisch geregelt.In some systems, even in the lower speed range (with low wind speeds), especially when the rotor is at a standstill, reduce the blade angle to get a higher torque without the rotor at low Wind speeds would not start. However, these systems are electrical nically regulated.

Eine elektronische Regelung ist meistens kompliziert, dadurch empfindlich und insbesondere bei kleinen Anlagen oft verhältnismäßig zu teuer. Gerade bei Wind­ kraftanlagen, denen mechanische Arbeit abgefordert wird, z. B. bei Windpumpen, ist ein hohes Anlaufdrehmoment sehr wichtig, da ohne die zuletzt beschriebene Regelung nur durch eine Überdimensionierung der Rotorfläche erreicht werden kann.Electronic control is usually complicated, therefore sensitive and often relatively expensive, especially for small systems. Especially in the wind Power plants that require mechanical work, e.g. B. in wind pumps, a high starting torque is very important because without the last one described Regulation can only be achieved by oversizing the rotor area can.

Der Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, eine einfache, robuste und billige mechanische Regelung zu erhalten, die sowohl im Überdrehzahlbereich den Blattwinkel verringert, um ein Überdrehen zu verhindern, als auch im Unter­ drehzahlbereich, um das Anlaufdrehmoment zu vergrößern.The invention is based on the problem of being simple, robust and cheap to obtain mechanical control, both in the overspeed range Blade angle reduced to prevent over-turning, as well as in the under speed range to increase the starting torque.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile liegen darin, daß die Rotorfläche knapp dimensioniert und insgesamt die Anlage preisgünstig hergestellt werden kann und dennoch sehr effektiv arbeitet. Daneben ist die Regelung gegenüber einer elektronischen robuster und somit betriebssicherer, was die Wartung der gesam­ ten Anlage vereinfacht und einen Einsatz an abgelegenen Orten, z. B. als Weide- oder Fischteichpumpe, oder auch in Entwicklungsländern interessant macht.The advantages achieved with the invention are that the rotor area is scarce dimensioned and overall the system can be manufactured inexpensively and still works very effectively. In addition, the regulation is against one electronic robust and thus more reliable, which the maintenance of the whole th system simplified and use in remote locations, such. B. as a pasture or fish pond pump, or also interesting in developing countries.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Figuren genauer beschrieben.The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figures.

Es zeigt Fig. 1 in schematischer Darstellung eine Seitenansicht der Regelmecha­ nik aus Anspruch 1). Darin sind zu sehen: Der Fliehkraftregler, bestehend aus einem beweglichen Gestänge (1), dem Fliehgewicht (2), der Gegenfeder (3) und der Reglerstange (4).It shows Fig. 1 in a schematic representation a side view of Regelmecha technology from claim 1). The following can be seen: The centrifugal force regulator, consisting of a movable linkage ( 1 ), the centrifugal weight ( 2 ), the counter spring ( 3 ) and the regulator rod ( 4 ).

Dieser bewegt bei zunehmender Drehzahl durch Vorschieben der Reglerstange (4) über das Zahnrad-Kurbel-Getriebe, bestehend aus dem Anlenkpleuel (5), dem großen Zahnrad (6), dem kleinen Zahnrad (7) und dem Steuerpleuel (8), das An­ lenkgestänge, bestehend aus einem Steuerkopf (9) und je Rotorblatt einer Pleuel­ stange (10).This moves with increasing speed by advancing the control rod ( 4 ) over the gear crank mechanism, consisting of the articulated connecting rod ( 5 ), the large gear ( 6 ), the small gear ( 7 ) and the control connecting rod ( 8 ) Steering linkage, consisting of a control head ( 9 ) and a connecting rod ( 10 ) per rotor blade.

Das Zahnrad-Kurbel-Getriebe formt die lineare Bewegung der Reglerstange (4) in eine alineare um, die im Steuerkopf (9) wirksam wird. Die Regelmechanik befin­ det sich in der Solldrehzahl-Stellung, wenn die Kurbelstange des kleinen Zahn­ rades (7) mit dem Steuerpleuel (8) auf einer Achse liegt, bzw. wenn der Steuer­ kopf (9) am weitesten herausgeschoben ist.The gear-crank transmission transforms the linear movement of the control rod ( 4 ) into an alinear one, which takes effect in the control head ( 9 ). The control mechanism is in the target speed position when the crank rod of the small gear wheel ( 7 ) with the control rod ( 8 ) is on one axis, or when the control head ( 9 ) is pushed out the most.

Das Anlenkgestänge verstellt den Anstellwinkel des Rotorblattes durch verdre­ hen der drehbar gelagerten Blatthalterung (11).The linkage adjusts the angle of attack of the rotor blade by turning the rotatably mounted blade holder ( 11 ).

In Fig. 2 ist ebenfalls in schematischer Darstellung die Mechanik nach Anspruch 2 gezeigt. Darin passiert die Anlenkung des Steuerkopfes durch eine Schub­ stangenvorrichtung, bestehend aus der Reglerstange (4), den Schubstangen (12) und (13), dem Umlenkhebel (14) und dem Schubteller (15), der mittels der Zug­ feder (16) gegen die Schubstange (12), bzw. (13) gehalten wird.In Fig. 2, the mechanism according to claim 2 is also shown in a schematic representation. In it happens the articulation of the control head by a push rod device, consisting of the control rod ( 4 ), the push rods ( 12 ) and ( 13 ), the bellcrank ( 14 ) and the push plate ( 15 ), by means of the tension spring ( 16 ) against the push rod ( 12 ) or ( 13 ) is held.

Die lineare Bewegung der Reglerstange (4) wird hier durch den Umlenkhebel in eine alineare umgeformt, die im Steuerkopf (9) wirksam wird. Die Regelmechanik befindet sich in Solldrehzahl-Stellung, wenn der Umlenkhebel (14) senkrecht zur Reglerstange (4) steht, bzw. wenn die Schubstangen (12) und (13) auf gleicher Höhe stehen und der Steuerkopf (9) am wenigsten herausgeschoben ist.The linear movement of the regulator rod ( 4 ) is transformed here by the deflection lever into an alinear, which is effective in the control head ( 9 ). The control mechanism is in the target speed position when the bell crank ( 14 ) is perpendicular to the control rod ( 4 ), or when the push rods ( 12 ) and ( 13 ) are at the same height and the control head ( 9 ) is least pushed out.

Fig. 3 zeigt die herkömmliche Variante des Fliehkraftreglers, bei dem die An­ steuerung direkt, ohne Umlenkmechanik erfolgt. Fig. 3 shows the conventional variant of the centrifugal governor, in which the control is carried out directly, without a deflection mechanism.

In Fig. 4a bis 4c sind zur Veranschaulichung der Wirkungsweise in Form ei­ nes Graphen die jeweiligen Kennlinien der Regelungsvarianten gezeigt.In Fig. 4a to 4c of the operation in the form ei nes graph are shown the respective characteristics of the control options for illustration.

Dabei zeigt Fig. 4a den Anstellwinkel in Abhängigkeit von der Rotordrehzahl für die Mechanik aus Anspruch 1, Fig. 4b zeigt die gleiche Kennlinie für die Regelung aus Anspruch 2. Here, Fig. 4a shows the angle of attack as a function of the rotor speed for the mechanism of claim 1, Fig. 4b shows the same characteristic curve for the control of claim 2.

In Fig. 4c ist die Kennlinie für die herkömmliche Variante gezeigt.The characteristic curve for the conventional variant is shown in FIG. 4c.

Claims (2)

1. Alineare, mechanische Regelung für Rotorblattverstellung von Windkraftanla­ gen durch Fliehkraftregler, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Fliehkraftregler die Rotorblätter nicht direkt, sondern über eine Kurbelradmechanik verstellt, so daß der Anlenkweg im Arbeitspunkt (Solldrehzahl) umgekehrt wird, wodurch das An­ laufdrehmoment des Rotors erhöht wird.1. Alinear, mechanical control for rotor blade adjustment of Windkraftanla gene by centrifugal governor, characterized in that a centrifugal governor does not adjust the rotor blades directly, but via a crank wheel mechanism, so that the articulation path at the operating point (setpoint speed) is reversed, which increases the starting torque of the rotor becomes. 2. Wie Anspruch 1, jedoch dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anlenkung über ei­ ne Schubstangenvorrichtung erfolgt, welche mit einem Umkehrhebel versehen ist, so daß der Anlenkweg im Arbeitspunkt umgekehrt wird.2. Like claim 1, but characterized in that the articulation via egg ne push rod device takes place, which is provided with a reversing lever, so that the articulation path is reversed in the working point.
DE4132967A 1991-10-04 1991-10-04 Linear mechanical regulator appts. - is for wind power plant rotor blades and is of centrifugal type adjusting blades indirectly via mechanism Withdrawn DE4132967A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4132967A DE4132967A1 (en) 1991-10-04 1991-10-04 Linear mechanical regulator appts. - is for wind power plant rotor blades and is of centrifugal type adjusting blades indirectly via mechanism

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4132967A DE4132967A1 (en) 1991-10-04 1991-10-04 Linear mechanical regulator appts. - is for wind power plant rotor blades and is of centrifugal type adjusting blades indirectly via mechanism

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE4132967A1 true DE4132967A1 (en) 1992-05-14

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DE4132967A Withdrawn DE4132967A1 (en) 1991-10-04 1991-10-04 Linear mechanical regulator appts. - is for wind power plant rotor blades and is of centrifugal type adjusting blades indirectly via mechanism

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006014098A1 (en) * 2004-08-06 2006-02-09 Arnis Treijs Gas-distributing mechanical arrangement automatically changing injection and exhaust gas valve timing
JP4749504B1 (en) * 2010-10-14 2011-08-17 株式会社ビルメン鹿児島 Wind turbine of wind power generator and wind power generator

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006014098A1 (en) * 2004-08-06 2006-02-09 Arnis Treijs Gas-distributing mechanical arrangement automatically changing injection and exhaust gas valve timing
JP4749504B1 (en) * 2010-10-14 2011-08-17 株式会社ビルメン鹿児島 Wind turbine of wind power generator and wind power generator
WO2012049783A1 (en) * 2010-10-14 2012-04-19 株式会社ビルメン鹿児島 Wind turbine for wind power generation apparatus, and wind power generation apparatus
US8258648B2 (en) 2010-10-14 2012-09-04 Birumen Kagoshima Co., Ltd. Windmill for wind power generator and wind power generator
CN102762854A (en) * 2010-10-14 2012-10-31 株式会社碧鲁门鹿儿岛 Wind turbine for wind power generation apparatus, and wind power generation apparatus
CN102762854B (en) * 2010-10-14 2014-08-13 株式会社碧鲁门鹿儿岛 Wind turbine for wind power generation apparatus, and wind power generation apparatus

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OAV Publication of unexamined application with consent of applicant
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