DE3931644A1 - Four-stroke IC engine - consists of two V-six units coupled together by bevel gears - Google Patents

Four-stroke IC engine - consists of two V-six units coupled together by bevel gears

Info

Publication number
DE3931644A1
DE3931644A1 DE19893931644 DE3931644A DE3931644A1 DE 3931644 A1 DE3931644 A1 DE 3931644A1 DE 19893931644 DE19893931644 DE 19893931644 DE 3931644 A DE3931644 A DE 3931644A DE 3931644 A1 DE3931644 A1 DE 3931644A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
crankshafts
internal combustion
stroke
units
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19893931644
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hartmut Dipl Ing Dr Bathelt
Juergen Dr Ing Bukovics
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Audi AG
Original Assignee
Audi AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi AG filed Critical Audi AG
Priority to DE19893931644 priority Critical patent/DE3931644A1/en
Publication of DE3931644A1 publication Critical patent/DE3931644A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B73/00—Combinations of two or more engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/12—Separate cylinder-crankcase elements coupled together to form a unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/22—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders in V, fan, or star arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
    • F02B2075/1824—Number of cylinders six
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
    • F02B2075/1848—Number of cylinders twelve

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The four-stroke IC engine consists of two V-formation six-cylinder units (1,2) arranged symmetrically. The cylinder blocks and crankcases are rigidly fastened to each other or the two units may have a common cylinder block and crankcase (3). The crankshafts (4) of the two units are in line with each other and are connected by bevel gears (6,7,8). These bevel gears are so arranged that the engines rotate in phase with each other but in opposite directions and a working stroke occurs in each unit at the same time. USE/ADVANTAGE - Four-stroke IC engine with reduced vibration and perfect dynamic balance.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Viertakt-Hubkolben- Brennkraftmaschine mit zwölf Zylindern in V-Anordnung, insbesondere zum Antrieb eines Kraftfahrzeuges.The invention relates to a four-stroke reciprocating Internal combustion engine with twelve cylinders in a V arrangement, in particular for driving a motor vehicle.

Übliche Brennkraftmaschinen dieser Art weisen zwei V-förmig zueinander angeordnete Zylinderreihen mit jeweils sechs Zylindern auf, deren Kolben auf eine gemeinsame Kurbelwelle arbeiten. Um bei einer derartigen Brennkraftmaschine einen einigermaßen befriedigenden Ausgleich der Massenmomente zu erreichen, ist ein verhältnismäßig großer Aufwand erforder­ lich. Drehschwingungen der Kurbelwelle sind zwar aufgrund der relativ geringen Zündabstände klein, können jedoch nicht völlig ausgeschaltet werden.Common internal combustion engines of this type have two V-shaped arranged rows of cylinders with six each Cylinders, whose pistons on a common crankshaft work. To a in such an internal combustion engine somewhat satisfactory balancing of the mass moments achieve, a relatively large effort is required Lich. Torsional vibrations of the crankshaft are due to of the relatively short firing intervals small, however cannot be turned off completely.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Viertakt- Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine der gattungsgemäßen Art zu schaffen, bei der ein völliger Ausgleich der Dreh­ schwingungen des Motorblocks und ein völliger Ausgleich der Massenmomente in allen Ordnungen ohne zusätzliche Maßnahmen erreicht wird.The invention has for its object a four-stroke Reciprocating internal combustion engine of the generic type create a complete balance of rotation Vibrations of the engine block and a complete compensation of the Mass moments in all orders without additional measures is achieved.

Bei der vorgeschlagenen Brennkraftmaschine wird ein völliger Ausgleich der Drehschwingungen des Zylinder­ kurbelgehäuses bzw. der beiden starr miteinander ver­ bundenen Zylinderkurbelgehäuse um die Kurbelwellenachse, die an sich infolge des Ungleichförmigkeitsgrades jedes Kurbeltriebes auftreten, erreicht, da stets in einander entsprechenden Zylindern der beiden V-6-Einheiten gleich­ zeitig ein Arbeitstakt abläuft und aufgrund der gegen­ sinnigen Drehung der beiden Kurbelwellen entsprechend gegensinnige Reaktionsmomente in dem Zylinderkurbelge­ häuse auftreten, die sich somit aufheben.In the proposed internal combustion engine, a complete compensation of the torsional vibrations of the cylinder crankcase or the two rigidly ver tied cylinder crankcase around the crankshaft axis, which in itself due to the degree of non-uniformity each Crank drive occur, achieved because always in each other corresponding cylinders of the two V-6 units the same a work cycle expires early and due to the counter sensible rotation of the two crankshafts accordingly  opposite reaction moments in the cylinder crank houses appear, which thus cancel each other out.

Durch Vorsehen von ausrückbaren Kupplungen ergibt sich die Möglichkeit der Abschaltung einer V-6-Einheit, was bei­ spielsweise zur Erleichterung des Startens, zur Kraft­ stoffeinsparung im Teillastbetrieb oder im Falle eines Defektes einer V-6-Einheit vorteilhaft ist.The provision of disengageable clutches results in the Possibility of switching off a V-6 unit, which at for example to facilitate starting, to power material savings in partial load operation or in the case of a Defect of a V-6 unit is advantageous.

Das Getriebe, das die beiden Kurbelwellen miteinander koppelt, kann gleichzeitig zur Verbindung der Kurbel­ wellen mit einer senkrecht zu diesen verlaufenden Ab­ triebswelle verwendet werden. Diese Anordnung bietet sich insbesondere beim Einbau der Brennkraftmaschine in den Motorraum eines Kraftfahrzeuges an, da sie verhältnis­ mäßig wenig Raum beansprucht. Vorzugsweise ist das Ge­ triebe ein Kegelradgetriebe mit ersten und zweiten Kegel­ rädern auf den Kurbelwellen und einem mit diesen kämmen­ den dritten Kegelrad, das drehfest auf der Abtriebswelle angeordnet ist.The gearbox that connects the two crankshafts couples, can simultaneously connect the crank waves with a perpendicular to this Ab drive shaft can be used. This arrangement offers itself especially when installing the internal combustion engine in the Engine compartment of a motor vehicle, since they are related takes up little space. Preferably the Ge drive a bevel gear with first and second bevel wheels on the crankshafts and a comb with them the third bevel gear, which rotates on the output shaft is arranged.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigt:An embodiment of the invention is as follows described with reference to the drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung des Kurbeltriebs einer aus zwei V-6-Einheiten bestehenden Vier­ takt-Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine, und Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the crank mechanism of a four-stroke reciprocating internal combustion engine consisting of two V-6 units, and

Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt einer derartigen Brennkraft­ maschine. Fig. 2 shows a cross section of such an internal combustion engine.

Die dargestellte V-12-Brennkraftmaschine besteht aus zwei spiegelbildlichen V-6-Einheiten 1 und 2 mit Zylindern 1a bis 1f bzw. 2a bis 2f, die in zwei Zylinderreihen ange­ ordnet sind und die ein gemeinsames Zylinderkurbelgehäuse 3 aufweisen. Die Kurbelwellen 4 und 5 der beiden Einheiten 1 und 2 fluchten miteinander und sind durch ein Kegelradge­ triebe phasengleich, jedoch gegensinnig drehend miteinander verbunden. Das Kegelradgetriebe besteht aus zwei Kegel­ rädern 6 und 7, die auf den Kurbelwellen 4 und 5 sitzen und mit einem Kegelrad 8 kämmen, das auf einer Abtriebswelle 9 sitzt.The V-12 internal combustion engine shown consists of two mirror-image V-6 units 1 and 2 with cylinders 1 a to 1 f and 2 a to 2 f, which are arranged in two rows of cylinders and which have a common cylinder crankcase 3 . The crankshafts 4 and 5 of the two units 1 and 2 are aligned with one another and are connected in phase by a bevel gear, but connected in opposite directions with each other. The bevel gear consists of two bevel gears 6 and 7 , which sit on the crankshafts 4 and 5 and mesh with a bevel gear 8 , which sits on an output shaft 9 .

Jede Kurbelwelle 4, 5 hat drei in einem Winkel von 120° zueinander stehende Kröpfungen oder Kurbelzapfen 10, 11, 12, auf denen nebeneinander jeweils ein Pleuel 13 bzw. 14 gelagert sind, die jeweils mit einem Kolben 15 bzw. 16 einer Zylinderreihe der betreffenden V-6-Einheit verbunden sind. Der Zylinderwinkel beträgt 120° und der Zündabstand 120° KW. Die Anordnung ist so getroffen, daß in beiden V-6- Einheiten 1, 2 stets gleichzeitig ein Arbeitstakt statt­ findet. In der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Lage der Kurbel­ wellen 4, 5 befinden sich die Kolben in den Zylindern 1a und 2a im oberen Totpunkt. Die nach der Zündung in diesen Zylindern auftretenden Reaktionsmomente im Zylinderkurbel­ gehäuse 3 werden aufgrund der gegensinnigen Drehung der Kurbelwellen 4 und 5 aufgehoben, so daß ein vollständiger Ausgleich der Drehschwingungen des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses um die Kurbelwellenachse stattindet. Die Zündfolge kann beispielsweise 1a + 2a, 1d + 2d, 1c + 2c, 1f + 2f, 1b + 2b und 1e + 2e sein.Each crankshaft 4 , 5 has three crankings or crank pins 10 , 11 , 12 which are at an angle of 120 ° to one another, on each of which a connecting rod 13 or 14 is mounted, each with a piston 15 or 16 of a row of cylinders in question V-6 unit are connected. The cylinder angle is 120 ° and the ignition distance 120 ° KW. The arrangement is such that a work cycle always takes place simultaneously in both V-6 units 1 , 2 . In the position of the crankshafts 4 , 5 shown in Fig. 1, the pistons in the cylinders 1 a and 2 a are at top dead center. The reaction moments occurring after the ignition in these cylinders in the cylinder crank housing 3 are canceled due to the oppositely directed rotation of the crankshaft 4 and 5, so that a complete compensation of the torsional vibrations of the cylinder crankcase stattindet around the crankshaft axis. The firing order can be, for example, 1 a + 2 a, 1 d + 2 d, 1 c + 2 c, 1 f + 2 f, 1 b + 2 b and 1 e + 2 e.

Die Kegelräder 6 und 7 sind in der Zeichnung als fest auf den Kurbelwellen 4 und 5 angeordnet dargestellt. Es wäre jedoch auch denkbar, zwischen den Kegelrädern 6 und 7 und ihren Kurbelwellen ausrückbare Kupplungen vorzusehen, um eine der V-6-Einheiten abschalten zu können. Dies kann beispielsweise zur Erleichterung des Startens vorteilhaft sein, da dann nur eine V-6-Einheit gestartet und ein ent­ sprechend kleinerer Starter verwendet werden kann und sich diese eine V-6-Einheit aufgrund der höheren Belastung auch schneller erwärmt. Im Teillastbetrieb kann durch Ab­ schalten einer V-6-Einheit der Kraftstoffverbrauch gesenkt werden. Schließlich ergibt sich bei einem Defekt einer V-6-Einheit die Möglichkeit, den Betrieb mit der anderen V-6-Einheit aufrechtzuerhalten.The bevel gears 6 and 7 are shown in the drawing as firmly arranged on the crankshafts 4 and 5 . However, it would also be conceivable to provide disengageable clutches between the bevel gears 6 and 7 and their crankshafts in order to be able to switch off one of the V-6 units. This can be advantageous, for example, to make starting easier, since then only a V-6 unit can be started and a correspondingly smaller starter can be used and this V-6 unit also heats up more quickly due to the higher load. In partial load operation, switching off a V-6 unit can reduce fuel consumption. Finally, if one V-6 unit fails, there is an opportunity to continue operating with the other V-6 unit.

Abweichend von dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel kann der Zylinderwinkel auch 90° betragen, in welchem Fall die Kurbelzapfen vorzugsweise zwei um 30° zueinander verdrehte Abschnitte aufweisen, auf denen jeweils ein Pleuel sitzt. Auch ein Zylinderwinkel von 60° ist denkbar.Deviating from the illustrated embodiment can the cylinder angle is also 90 °, in which case the Crank pin preferably two twisted by 30 ° to each other Have sections on which a connecting rod sits. A cylinder angle of 60 ° is also conceivable.

Claims (4)

1. Viertakt-Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine mit zwölf Zylin­ dern in V-Anordnung, insbesondere zum Antrieb eines Kraftfahrzeuges, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus zwei spiegelbildlich angeordneten V-6-Ein­ heiten (1, 2) besteht, deren Zylinderkurbelgehäuse starr miteinander verbunden sind oder die ein gemein­ sames Zylinderkurbelgehäuse (3) aufweisen und deren Kurbelwellen (4, 5) miteinander fluchten und durch ein Getriebe (6, 7, 8) phasengleich, jedoch gegensinnig drehend miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die Anordnung so getroffen ist, daß in beiden V-6-Einheiten stets gleichzeitig ein Arbeitstakt stattfindet.1. Four-stroke reciprocating internal combustion engine with twelve cylinders in a V-arrangement, in particular for driving a motor vehicle, characterized in that it consists of two mirror-image arranged V-6 units ( 1 , 2 ), the cylinder crankcase of which are rigidly connected to one another or which have a common cylinder crankcase ( 3 ) and whose crankshafts ( 4 , 5 ) are aligned with one another and are connected in phase by a gear ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) but rotating in opposite directions, the arrangement being such that in both V-6 units always take place at the same time. 2. Viertakt-Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Getriebe (6, 7, 8) die beiden Kurbelwellen (4, 5) gleichzeitig mit einer senk­ recht zu den Kurbelwellen verlaufenden Abtriebswelle (9) verbindet.2. Four-stroke reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission ( 6 , 7 , 8 ) connects the two crankshafts ( 4 , 5 ) simultaneously with a perpendicular to the crankshaft output shaft ( 9 ). 3. Viertakt-Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Getriebe ein Kegelrad­ getriebe ist mit ersten und zweiten Kegelrädern (6, 7) auf den Kurbelwellen (4, 5) und einem mit diesem kämmenden dritten Kegelrad (8), das drehfest auf der Abtriebswelle (9) angeordnet ist.3. Four-stroke reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that the transmission is a bevel gear with first and second bevel gears ( 6 , 7 ) on the crankshafts ( 4 , 5 ) and a meshing with this third bevel gear ( 8 ), which is non-rotatably arranged on the output shaft ( 9 ). 4. Viertakt-Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kurbelwellen (4, 5) durch ausrückbare Kupplungen mit der Abtriebs­ welle (9) verbunden sind.4. Four-stroke reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the crankshafts ( 4 , 5 ) are connected by disengageable clutches to the output shaft ( 9 ).
DE19893931644 1989-09-22 1989-09-22 Four-stroke IC engine - consists of two V-six units coupled together by bevel gears Withdrawn DE3931644A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19893931644 DE3931644A1 (en) 1989-09-22 1989-09-22 Four-stroke IC engine - consists of two V-six units coupled together by bevel gears

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19893931644 DE3931644A1 (en) 1989-09-22 1989-09-22 Four-stroke IC engine - consists of two V-six units coupled together by bevel gears

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DE3931644A1 true DE3931644A1 (en) 1991-04-11

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4206518A1 (en) * 1992-03-02 1992-07-23 Hartmut Dipl Ing Dr Te Bathelt Twin-cylinder IC engine - is balanced using two counter-rotating crankshafts geared together
DE19819233A1 (en) * 1998-04-29 1999-11-04 Michael Rossmann Reciprocating internal combustion engine
CN103670699A (en) * 2014-01-07 2014-03-26 黄明清 Horizontal opposed engine

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3443749A1 (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-05 Otto 7500 Karlsruhe Pulch jun. Reciprocating piston engine without free reaction torques from the piston side forces on the engine supports
DE3522988A1 (en) * 1984-12-13 1986-06-26 Claudius Dr. 5000 Köln Kaniut jun. Split engine for motor vehicles with divided crankshaft and engine cross shaft for auxiliary unit drives

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3443749A1 (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-05 Otto 7500 Karlsruhe Pulch jun. Reciprocating piston engine without free reaction torques from the piston side forces on the engine supports
DE3522988A1 (en) * 1984-12-13 1986-06-26 Claudius Dr. 5000 Köln Kaniut jun. Split engine for motor vehicles with divided crankshaft and engine cross shaft for auxiliary unit drives

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4206518A1 (en) * 1992-03-02 1992-07-23 Hartmut Dipl Ing Dr Te Bathelt Twin-cylinder IC engine - is balanced using two counter-rotating crankshafts geared together
DE19819233A1 (en) * 1998-04-29 1999-11-04 Michael Rossmann Reciprocating internal combustion engine
DE19819233C2 (en) * 1998-04-29 2003-11-13 Michael Rossmann Piston internal combustion engine composed of several machine units
CN103670699A (en) * 2014-01-07 2014-03-26 黄明清 Horizontal opposed engine

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