DE3922464C2 - Aqueous lubricating treatment liquid and method for cold, plastic processing of metallic materials - Google Patents

Aqueous lubricating treatment liquid and method for cold, plastic processing of metallic materials

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Publication number
DE3922464C2
DE3922464C2 DE3922464A DE3922464A DE3922464C2 DE 3922464 C2 DE3922464 C2 DE 3922464C2 DE 3922464 A DE3922464 A DE 3922464A DE 3922464 A DE3922464 A DE 3922464A DE 3922464 C2 DE3922464 C2 DE 3922464C2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
cold
aqueous
treatment liquid
metallic material
lubricant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE3922464A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE3922464A1 (en
Inventor
Hiroyuki Fujii
Tokuo Shirai
Takanori Mizutani
Yoshio Nagae
Koji Hetsugi
Yasuo Tanizawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Denso Corp
Original Assignee
Nihon Parkerizing Co Ltd
NipponDenso Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nihon Parkerizing Co Ltd, NipponDenso Co Ltd filed Critical Nihon Parkerizing Co Ltd
Publication of DE3922464A1 publication Critical patent/DE3922464A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3922464C2 publication Critical patent/DE3922464C2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
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    • C10M103/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
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    • C10M125/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
    • C10M125/24Compounds containing phosphorus, arsenic or antimony
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    • C10M125/26Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand
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    • C10M133/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
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    • C10M133/02Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M135/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/08Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
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    • C10M135/10Sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof
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    • C10M145/18Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/24Polyethers
    • C10M145/26Polyoxyalkylenes
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    • C10M145/38Polyoxyalkylenes esterified
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    • C10M145/40Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose
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    • C10M2201/02Water
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    • C10M2201/0403Elements used as base material
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    • C10M2201/041Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine wäßrige Schmierbehandlungs­ flüssigkeit und ein Verfahren zur kalten, plastischen Bearbeitung metallischer Materialien.The invention relates to an aqueous lubrication treatment liquid and a process for cold, plastic Processing of metallic materials.

Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung eine wäßrige Flüssig­ keit, die bei der Schmierbehandlung zur kalten, plasti­ schen Bearbeitung (Schmieden, Rohrziehen, Drahtziehen, etc.) von Materialien aus Stahl, rostfreiem Stahl, Me­ tallen auf Titan-Basis, Metallen auf Kupfer-Basis, Me­ tallen auf Aluminium-Basis, etc. (nachfolgend als wäßri­ ge Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit bezeichnet) verwendet wird, sowie ein Verfahren zur kalten, plastischen Bear­ beitung eines metallischen Materials mit einer chemi­ schen Umwandlungsschicht hierauf mit der wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit.In particular, the invention relates to an aqueous liquid speed that occurs during the lubrication treatment for cold, plasti machining (forging, tube drawing, wire drawing, etc.) of materials made of steel, stainless steel, me titanium-based metals, copper-based metals, me aluminum-based, etc. (hereinafter referred to as aq called lubrication treatment liquid) is used is, as well as a process for cold, plastic Bear processing of a metallic material with a chemi conversion layer thereon with the aqueous Lubrication fluid.

Als wäßrige Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeiten, die gegen­ wärtig zur kalten, plastischen Bearbeitung eines metalli­ schen Materials verwendet werden, sind Flüssigkeiten be­ kannt, die ein festes Gleit- bzw. Schmiermittel, z. B. Molybdändisulfid und Graphit, zumindest eine Komponente, ausgewählt unter anorganischen Bindemitteln und organi­ schen Bindemitteln, und ein oberflächenaktives Mittel enthalten. As aqueous lubrication treatment fluids, which are against hard for cold, plastic processing of a metal The materials used are liquids knows a solid lubricant, e.g. B. Molybdenum disulfide and graphite, at least one component, selected from inorganic binders and organic binders, and a surfactant contain.  

Wird eine Kaltbearbeitung bei relativ geringer Reduktion durchgeführt, ist ein Verfahren bekannt, bei dem eine wäßrige Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit direkt mit einer fettfreien Oberfläche eines metallischen Materials in Kontakt gebracht wird, woran sich ein Trocknen zur Bil­ dung eines festen Schmier- bzw. Gleitfilms anschließt.Cold machining with a relatively small reduction carried out, a method is known in which a aqueous lubrication treatment liquid directly with a grease-free surface of a metallic material in Is brought in contact, which results in drying to the bil a solid lubricating or sliding film.

Im Falle einer Kaltbearbeitung mit hoher Reduktion wird ein Verfahren zur Bildung eines festen Gleit- bzw. Schmierfilms über einer chemischen Umwandlungsschicht angewandt, bei dem eine Oberfläche des metallischen Mate­ rials nach Bildung der chemischen Umwandlungsschicht mit einer wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit in Kontakt gebracht wird, woran sich ein Trocknen anschließt, oder ein festes Schmiermittelpulver hierauf abgeschieden auf­ weist. Die Verwendung eines festen Schmiermittels in pulvrigem Zustand verursacht jedoch ein Problem hinsicht­ lich der Beeinträchtigung der Arbeitsumgebung, und somit wird am bevorzugtesten ein Schmiermittel in Form einer wäßrigen Behandlungsflüssigkeit verwendet. In diesem Fall jedoch besitzt eine herkömmliche, wäßrige Schmierbehand­ lungsflüssigkeit den Nachteil, daß sie ein Rosten des be­ handelten oder gebildeten, metallischen Materials verur­ sacht, wenn es nach der Behandlung oder der Bildung ste­ hengelassen wird.In the case of cold machining with a high reduction a method of forming a solid sliding or Smear film over a chemical conversion layer applied where a surface of the metallic mate rials after formation of the chemical conversion layer an aqueous lubricating treatment liquid in contact brought, followed by drying, or a solid lubricant powder is deposited on it points. The use of a solid lubricant in Powdery condition, however, causes a problem Lich the impairment of the working environment, and thus is most preferably a lubricant in the form of a aqueous treatment liquid used. In this case however, has a conventional aqueous lubrication treatment liquid the disadvantage that it is a rust of the be traded or formed metallic material gently if it is after treatment or education is left.

In den vorstehenden Fällen können jedoch die gegenwärtig verwendeten Behandlungsmittel keine stabile und erwünsch­ te Schmierfähigkeit ergeben, was häufig zu Problemen ei­ nes Blockierens und Fressens führt.In the above cases, however, they may currently used treatment agent no stable and desirable te lubricity, which often causes problems blocking and eating.

Ziel der Erfindung ist die Bereitstellung einer wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit zur kalten, plastischen Bearbeitung eines metallischen Materials, die die vor­ stehend erwähnten Nachteile der herkömmlichen wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeiten nicht aufweist und eine hohe Bearbeitbarkeit, Bindung an metallische Materiali­ en und Schmier- bzw. Gleiteigenschaften zeigt, ohne daß ein Rosten der metallischen Materialien verursacht wird, sowie ein wäßriges Schmierbehandlungsverfahren zur kal­ ten, plastischen Bearbeitung des metallischen Materials mit der wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit.The aim of the invention is to provide an aqueous Lubrication treatment liquid for cold, plastic  Machining a metallic material that the before disadvantages of the conventional aqueous mentioned above Does not have lubrication treatment fluids and a high machinability, binding to metallic materials and lubricating or sliding properties without rusting of the metallic materials is caused and an aqueous lubrication treatment process for cal plastic processing of the metallic material with the aqueous lubrication treatment liquid.

Die wäßrige Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit zur kalten, plastischen Bearbeitung metallischer Materialien gemäß der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie 50 bis 400 g/l eines festen Schmier- bzw. Gleitmittels, 1 bis 40 g/l eines oberflächenaktiven Mittels, eine kolloidale Titanverbindung in einer Menge von 10 ppm oder mehr, ausgedrückt als Titan, und Wasser enthält.The aqueous lubrication treatment liquid for cold, plastic processing of metallic materials The invention is characterized in that it is 50 to 400 g / l of a solid lubricant, 1 to 40 g / l of a surfactant, a colloidal Titanium compound in an amount of 10 ppm or more, expressed as titanium, and contains water.

Zusätzlich zu den vorstehenden Komponenten enthält erfin­ dungsgemäß die wäßrige Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit wei­ terhin zumindest eine Komponente, ausgewählt unter an­ organischen Bindemitteln und organischen Bindemitteln, in einer Menge von 5 bis 150 g/l.In addition to the above components, inventions include accordingly the aqueous lubricating treatment liquid knows thereafter at least one component selected under an organic binders and organic binders, in an amount of 5 to 150 g / l.

Das erfindungsgemäße, wäßrige Schmierbehandlungsverfah­ ren zur kalten, plastischen Bearbeitung metallischer Ma­ terialien ist gekennzeichnet durch die Behandlung einer Oberfläche des metallischen Materials, die mit einer che­ mischen Umwandlungsschicht überzogen ist, mit einer der vorstehenden, wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeiten.The aqueous lubrication treatment method according to the invention cold, plastic processing of metallic materials is characterized by the treatment of a material Surface of the metallic material covered with a che mix conversion layer is coated with one of the protruding aqueous lubricating treatment fluids.

Im folgenden werden bevorzugte Ausführungsformen be­ schrieben. In the following preferred embodiments are wrote.  

Das für die erfindungsgemäße, wäßrige Schmierbehandlungs­ flüssigkeit verwendete, feste Schmiermittel umfaßt zumin­ dest eine Komponente, ausgewählt beispielsweise unter Molybdändisulfid, Graphit, Wolframdisulfid, fluoriertem Graphit, Bornitrid und Talk.The for the aqueous lubrication treatment according to the invention solid lubricants used in liquid include at least least one component, selected for example under Molybdenum disulfide, graphite, tungsten disulfide, fluorinated Graphite, boron nitride and talc.

Der Gehalt an festem Schmiermittel in der Behandlungs­ flüssigkeit beträgt 50 bis 400 g/l, vorzugsweise 100 bis 150 g/l. Ein Gehalt von geringer als 50 g/l ergibt keine ausreichende Bildung einer festen Schmierschicht auf der metallischen Materialoberfläche, und wenn der Gehalt höher als 400 g/l ist, wird aufgrund einer übermäßigen Addition der Schmiereffekt gesättigt, so daß keine wei­ tere Verbesserung des Schmiereffekts erhalten wird und die Kosten der wäßrigen Schmierflüssigkeit erhöht werden.The content of solid lubricant in the treatment liquid is 50 to 400 g / l, preferably 100 to 150 g / l. A content of less than 50 g / l does not result in any adequate formation of a solid smear layer on the metallic material surface, and if the content is higher than 400 g / l, due to excessive Addition of the lubrication effect saturated, so that no white further improvement of the lubricating effect is obtained and the cost of the aqueous lubricant is increased.

In die wäßrige Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit der Erfin­ dung wird ein oberflächenaktives Mittel zur Dispersion eines festen Schmiermittels in Wasser zugegeben, und es besteht keine spezielle Einschränkung hinsichtlich dessen Typs. Oberflächenaktive Mittel, wie sie im allgemeinen verwendet werden, umfassen oberflächenaktive Mittel vom nicht-ionischen Typ, z. B. Polyoxyethylen-alkylether, Poly­ oxyethylen-alkylphenylether, Polyoxyethylen-alkylester und Polyoxyethylen-sorbitanalkylester; oberflächenaktive Mittel vom anionischen Typ, z. B. Fettsäuresalze, Alkyl­ sulfate, Alkylsulfonat-alkylphosphate und Alkyldithio­ phosphate; oberflächenaktive Mittel vom kationischen Typ, z. B. aliphatische Aminsalze und quaternäre Ammonium­ salze; und oberflächenaktive Mittel vom amphoteren Typ, z. B. Carbonsäuresalze vom Aminosäure-Typ und vom Betain-Typ, Schwefelsäureestersalze, Sulfonsäureestersalze und Phosphorsäureestersalze. In the aqueous lubrication treatment liquid of the Erfin manure becomes a surface active agent for dispersion a solid lubricant added in water and it there is no particular limitation on this Type. Surfactants as they are in general used include surfactants from non-ionic type, e.g. B. polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, poly oxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ester and polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl esters; surface active Anionic type agents, e.g. B. fatty acid salts, alkyl sulfates, alkyl sulfonate alkyl phosphates and alkyl dithio phosphates; cationic type surfactants, e.g. B. aliphatic amine salts and quaternary ammonium salts; and amphoteric surfactants, e.g. B. amino acid-type and betaine-type carboxylic acid salts, Sulfuric acid ester salts, sulfonic acid ester salts and Phosphoric acid ester salts.  

Der Gehalt an oberflächenaktivem Mittel in der wäßrigen Schmierflüssigkeit der Erfindung beträgt 1 bis 40 g/l, vorzugsweise 5 bis 10 g/l. Der Gehalt an oberflächenakti­ vem Mittel wird vorzugsweise in Abhängigkeit vom Gehalt an festem Schmiermittel erhöht oder erniedrigt. Ist der Gehalt des oberflächenaktiven Mittels geringer als 1 g/l, wird das feste, oberflächenaktive Mittel in der Behand­ lungsflüssigkeit unzureichend benetzt, und eine größere Menge als 40 g/l erhöht nicht den Effekt des oberflächen­ aktiven Mittels in signifikantem Ausmaß.The level of surfactant in the aqueous Lubricant of the invention is 1 to 40 g / l, preferably 5 to 10 g / l. The surface acti content The agent is preferably dependent on the content solid lubricant increased or decreased. Is the Content of the surfactant less than 1 g / l, becomes the solid, surface-active agent in the treatment liquid not adequately wetted, and a larger one Amount more than 40 g / l does not increase the effect of the surface active agent to a significant extent.

Als für die wäßrige Schmierflüssigkeit der Erfindung zu verwendende, kolloidale Titanverbindung kann eine trübe bzw. wolkige Lösung, erhalten durch Neutralisation einer Verbindung der Schwefelsäure mit Titan oder Phosphorsäure mit Titan, mit z. B. kaustischer Soda bzw. Natronlauge bzw. Natriumhydroxid, verwendet werden. Der Gehalt an kolloidalem Titan in der wäßrigen Schmierflüs­ sigkeit beträgt 10 ppm oder mehr, ausgedrückt als Titan, vorzugsweise 50 ppm oder mehr. Ist der Gehalt an kol­ loidaler Titanverbindung geringer als 10 ppm, ist die Schmierfähigkeit durch deren Zugabe wenig verbessert, und ist der Gehalt höher als 10 ppm, wird die Wirkung im Hinblick auf die Schmierfähigkeit der wäßrigen Schmier­ flüssigkeit mit zunehmendem Gehalt an kolloidaler Titan­ verbindung erhöht. Demzufolge besitzt der Gehalt an kol­ loidaler Titanverbindung in der wäßrigen Schmierflüssig­ keit der Erfindung keine spezifische obere Grenze. Es ist möglich, den Gehalt auf ein Niveau zu erhöhen, das so hoch ist, wie es für die Herstellung der wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit erforderlich ist. As for the aqueous lubricating fluid of the invention Using colloidal titanium compound can be cloudy or cloudy solution, obtained by neutralizing one Combination of sulfuric acid with titanium or phosphoric acid with titanium, with z. B. caustic soda or caustic soda or sodium hydroxide can be used. Of the Content of colloidal titanium in the aqueous lubricating fluid liquid is 10 ppm or more in terms of titanium, preferably 50 ppm or more. Is the content of col loidal titanium compound is less than 10 ppm Little improvement in lubricity by adding them, and if the content is higher than 10 ppm, the effect in the With regard to the lubricity of the aqueous lubricant liquid with increasing content of colloidal titanium connection increased. As a result, the content of kol loidal titanium compound in the aqueous lubricant speed of the invention no specific upper limit. It it is possible to raise the salary to a level that is as high as it is for the manufacture of the aqueous Lubrication fluid is required.  

Es ist auch möglich, die wäßrige Schmierbehandlungsflüs­ sigkeit der Erfindung unter bzw. nach Zugabe eines Ent­ schäumungsmittels und/oder von Rostverhinderungsadditiven zu verwenden.It is also possible to use the aqueous lubrication treatment fluids liquid of the invention under or after the addition of a Ent foaming agents and / or rust prevention additives to use.

Diese wäßrige Schmierflüssigkeit kann auch ein Bindemit­ tel, zusätzlich zu den vorstehenden Komponenten, enthal­ ten. Dieses Bindemittel besteht zumindest aus einer Kom­ ponente, ausgewählt unter anorganischen Bindemitteln und organischen Bindemitteln, und die Zugabe eines derarti­ gen Bindemittels verbessert die Leistungsfähigkeit der wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit zusätzlich.This aqueous lubricant can also be a binder tel, in addition to the above components, contain This binder consists of at least one com component, selected from inorganic binders and organic binders, and the addition of such a gene improves the performance of the aqueous lubricating treatment liquid additionally.

Die anorganischen Bindemittel umfassen die folgenden Ver­ bindungen, unterliegen jedoch keiner speziellen Ein­ schränkung hinsichtlich des Typs, solange sie für den Zweck der Erfindung wirksam sind.The inorganic binders include the following ver bindings, but are not subject to any special regulations type restriction as long as it is for the Purpose of the invention are effective.

  • (a) Borate
    Alkalimetallsalze, Erdalkalimetallsalze und Ammoniumsalze von HBO₂, H₃BO₃, H₄B₂O₅, H₂B₄O₇, HB₅O₈, H₂B₆O₁₀, H₂B₈O₁₃,
    (a) Borates
    Alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts and ammonium salts of HBO₂, H₃BO₃, H₄B₂O₅, H₂B₄O₇, HB₅O₈, H₂B₆O₁₀, H₂B₈O₁₃,
  • (b) Phosphate
    Alkalimetallsalze, Erdalkalimetallsalze und Ammoniumsalze von H₃PO₄, HPO₃, H₄P₂O₆, H₃PO₃, H₄P₂O₅, HPO₂, H₃PO₂, H₃P₃O₉ und Polyphosphorsäuren, z. B. H₄P₂O₇, H₅P₃O₁₀, H₆P₁₁O₁₃,
    (b) phosphates
    Alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts and ammonium salts of H₃PO₄, HPO₃, H₄P₂O₆, H₃PO₃, H₄P₂O₅, HPO₂, H₃PO₂, H₃P₃O₉ and polyphosphoric acids, e.g. B. H₄P₂O₇, H₅P₃O₁₀, H₆P₁₁O₁₃,
  • (c) Silicate
    Diejenigen der allgemeinen Formel M₂O·XSiO₂, worin M ein Alkali- oder Erdalkalimetall bezeichnet und X für eine positive, ganze Zahl von 1 bis 5 steht.
    (c) Silicates
    Those of the general formula M₂O · XSiO₂, in which M denotes an alkali or alkaline earth metal and X stands for a positive, integer from 1 to 5.

Es gibt weiterhin keine spezielle Einschränkung hinsicht­ lich der organischen Bindemittel, vorausgesetzt, daß sie für den Zweck der Erfindung wirksam sind. Bekannte Bin­ demittel können verwendet werden, vorzugsweise jedoch wird eine wasserlösliche Verbindung mit hohem Molekular­ gewicht eingesetzt. Diese Verbindungen umfassen natürli­ che Substanzen mit hohem Molekulargewicht, wie Stärke, Tang bzw. Seetang bzw. Seegras, pflanzliches Mucilago bzw. Pflanzenschleim, tierisches Protein und Fermenta­ tionsmucilago; halb-synthetische Substanzen mit hohem Molekulargewicht, erhältlich aus Stärke, Cellulose und dergl.; und synthetische Polymere, wie PVP, PEG und PVA.There is still no specific limitation Lich of organic binders, provided that they are effective for the purpose of the invention. Known bin agents can be used, but preferably becomes a water-soluble compound with a high molecular weight weight used. These compounds naturally include high molecular weight substances such as starch, Tang or kelp or seaweed, vegetable mucilage or plant mucus, animal protein and fermenta tion mucilago; semi-synthetic substances with high Molecular weight, available from starch, cellulose and the like; and synthetic polymers such as PVP, PEG and PVA.

Der Gehalt an vorstehend genanntem Bindemittel als Kom­ ponente in der wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit der vorliegenden Erfindung beträgt 5 bis 150 g/l, vor­ zugsweise 10 bis 50 g/l. Der Gehalt wird gewöhnlich ent­ sprechend dem Gehalt des festen Schmiermittels festge­ legt. Beträgt der Gehalt der Bindemittelkomponente weni­ ger als 5 g/l, ist die Bindung der festen Schmierschicht an die Oberfläche des metallischen Materials unzurei­ chend, und überschreitet der Gehalt 150 g/l, wird keine zusätzlich verstärkte Bindung zwischen der festen Schmier­ schicht und der Oberfläche des metallischen Materials erzielt. Im Gegensatz kann im letztgenannten Fall die wäßrige Schmierflüssigkeit eine übermäßig hohe Viskosi­ tät ergeben, was zu einer übermäßigen Abscheidung der festen Schmierschicht auf der Oberfläche des metalli­ schen Materials führt und somit ein Verstopfen der Form bzw. der Matrize verursacht.The content of the above-mentioned binder as a com component in the aqueous lubricating treatment liquid of the present invention is 5 to 150 g / l preferably 10 to 50 g / l. The salary is usually ent according to the content of the solid lubricant sets. The content of the binder component is a little is less than 5 g / l, the bond of the solid smear layer inadequate to the surface of the metallic material and if the content exceeds 150 g / l, none will additionally reinforced bond between the solid lubricant layer and the surface of the metallic material achieved. In contrast, in the latter case the aqueous lubricant an excessively high viscosity result in excessive deposition of the solid smear layer on the surface of the metalli leads to material clogging of the mold or the matrix.

Die Herstellung der vorstehenden wäßrigen Schmierbehand­ lungsflüssigkeit der Erfindung kann erfolgen, indem man die vorstehenden Komponenten in den vorgeschriebenen Men­ gen in Wasser auf die gleiche Art und Weise, wie sie ge­ wöhnlich praktiziert wird, dispergiert und löst.The preparation of the above aqueous lubricating treatment liquid of the invention can be made by  the above components in the prescribed menus in water in the same way as they are is usually practiced, dispersed and dissolved.

Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die Oberfläche des metallischen Materials mit einer chemischen Umwandlungs­ schicht mit der vorstehenden wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungs­ flüssigkeit behandelt.In the present invention, the surface of the metallic material with a chemical conversion layer with the above aqueous lubricating treatment liquid treated.

Hinsichtlich des Typs der chemischen Umwandlungsschicht auf dem metallischen Material gibt es keine spezielle Beschränkung, und beispielsweise kann eine Zinkphosphat­ schicht, eine Eisenoxalatschicht, eine Cuprooxidschicht, eine Aluminiumfluoridschicht und eine Titanfluoridschicht, wie sie üblicherweise entsprechend dem Typ der Metalle verwendet werden, eingesetzt werden.Regarding the type of chemical conversion layer there is no special one on the metallic material Limitation, and for example, a zinc phosphate layer, an iron oxalate layer, a cuprooxide layer, an aluminum fluoride layer and a titanium fluoride layer, as usually according to the type of metals used, used.

Die wäßrige Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit der Erfindung ist als Behandlungsflüssigkeit in dem Zustand, wie er der Herstellung entspricht, verwendbar, wenn die Gehalte einer jeden Komponente relativ gering sind. Ist der Ge­ halt hoch, sind der Typ des Metalls, der Typ der anzu­ wendenden kalten, plastischen Behandlung, der Umfang der Reduktion, etc. zu berücksichtigen, und sie wird so, wie sie ist, oder nach einer geeigneten Verdünnung mit Wasser verwendet.The aqueous lubricating treatment liquid of the invention is as treatment liquid in the state as he corresponds to the manufacture, usable if the contents of each component are relatively small. Is the Ge hold up, are the type of metal, the type of to be turning cold, plastic treatment, the scope of the Reduction, etc. to take into account and it will be like it is, or after a suitable dilution with water used.

Die wäßrige Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit der Erfindung wird auf ein metallisches Material, gewöhnlich durch ein Verfahren vom Tauch-Typ, aufgebracht, bei dem die Tempe­ ratur in einem Bereich zwischen Raumtemperatur und 80°C gehalten wird. Da höhere Temperaturen der wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit das Trocknen des auf die Oberfläche des metallischen Materials aufgebrachten Schmiermittels verbessern, ist die Verwendung einer er­ hitzten Flüssigkeit übliche Praxis. In diesem Fall muß die Viskosität der wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungsflüssig­ keit kontrolliert werden und demzufolge wird, wenn die wäßrige Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit zugeführt wird, Wasser zugesetzt, um die Konzentration auf dem erforder­ lichen Niveau zu halten.The aqueous lubricating treatment liquid of the invention is on a metallic material, usually by a Diving-type method applied in which the temperature temperature in a range between room temperature and 80 ° C is held. Because higher temperatures of the aqueous Lubricating fluid drying the on the  Surface of the metallic material applied Improve lubricant is the use of a he heated liquid usual practice. In this case the viscosity of the aqueous lubricating treatment liquid be checked and therefore if the aqueous lubrication treatment liquid is supplied, Water added to the concentration on the required level.

Das Schmierverfahren unter Verwendung der wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit der Erfindung wird gewöhn­ lich in der folgenden Reihenfolge durchgeführt. Die Rei­ henfolge wird entsprechend dem Typ des metallischen Mate­ rials, dem Oberflächenzustand, dem Typ der kalten, pla­ stischen Bearbeitung und dem Grad der Reduktion ausge­ wählt.The lubrication process using the aqueous Lubricating treatment liquid of the invention becomes common Lich carried out in the following order. The Rei order is made according to the type of metallic mate rials, the surface condition, the type of cold, pla processing and the degree of reduction elects.

  • (1) Entfetten - Spülen mit Wasser - Schmierbehand­ lung gemäß der Erfindung - Trocknen;(1) Degreasing - Rinsing with water - Lubrication treatment lung according to the invention - drying;
  • (2) Entfetten - Spülen mit Wasser - Beizen bzw. Ätzen - Spülen mit Wasser - Schmierbehandlung gemäß der Erfindung - Trocknen (das Beizen wird zur Entfernung von Rost und Ablagerungen durchgeführt);(2) degreasing - rinsing with water - pickling or Etching - rinsing with water - lubrication treatment according to the Invention - drying (pickling is used to remove Rust and deposits carried out);
  • (3) Entfetten - Spülen mit Wasser - Beizen bzw. Ätzen - Spülen mit Wasser - chemische Umwandlungsbehand­ lung - Spülen mit Wasser - Schmierbehandlung gemäß der Erfindung - Trocknen;(3) degreasing - rinsing with water - pickling or Etching - rinsing with water - chemical conversion treatment - Rinsing with water - Lubrication treatment according to the Invention - drying;
  • (4) Entfetten - Spülen mit Wasser - chemische Um­ wandlungsbehandlung - Spülen mit Wasser - Schmierbehand­ lung gemäß der Erfindung - Trocknen (Das Entfetten erfolgt nur, wenn es notwendig ist).(4) degreasing - rinsing with water - chemical change conversion treatment - rinsing with water - lubrication treatment lung according to the invention - drying (Degreasing only takes place if necessary is).

Bei der vorstehenden Stufe der Schmierbehandlung wird eine feste Schmierschicht auf der Oberfläche des metalli­ schen Materials oder auf der chemischen Umwandlungs­ schicht gebildet, und feine Teilchen der kolloidalen Ti­ tanverbindung in der Schmierschicht und das feste Schmier­ mittel wirken zusammen, um eine synergistische Wirkung hervorzurufen und somit eine ausgezeichnete Schmierfähig­ keit zu ergeben. Die durch immanente, korrosive Komponen­ tenfunktionen absorbierte, kolloidale Titanverbindung verleiht der Oberfläche des metallischen Materials eine höhere Korrosionsbeständigkeit. Dies stellt einen weite­ ren Effekt dieses Schmierverfahrens dar.At the previous stage of the lubrication treatment a solid smear layer on the surface of the metalli material or on the chemical conversion layer formed, and fine particles of colloidal Ti Tan compound in the smear layer and the solid smear agents work together to have a synergistic effect cause and thus an excellent lubricity surrender. The immanent, corrosive components colloidal titanium compound gives the surface of the metallic material a higher corrosion resistance. This expands one effect of this lubrication process.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der folgenden Beispiele und Vergleichsbeispiele erläutert.The invention is illustrated by the following examples and Comparative examples explained.

Beispiele 1 bis 12 und Vergleichsbeispiele 1 bis 8Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8

In jedem dieser Beispiele und Vergleichsbeispiele werden die in Tabelle 1 angegebenen metallischen Materialien der folgenden Behandlung unterzogen.In each of these examples and comparative examples the metallic materials specified in Table 1 subjected to the following treatment.

Entfetten - Spülen mit Wasser - Beizen bzw. Ätzen - Spülen mit Wasser - (chemische Umwandlungsbehandlung) - Spülen mit Wasser - Schmierbehandlung - Trocknen.Degreasing - rinsing with water - pickling or etching - Rinsing with water - (chemical conversion treatment) - Rinsing with water - smear treatment - drying.

In der Entfettungsstufe wurde das metallische Material in einer Lösung von 20 g/l Fine Cleaner 4360 (Handels­ bezeichnung einer Entfettungschemikalie, Produkt von Nihon Parkerizing Go.) 10 min bei 70°C behandelt.In the degreasing stage, the metallic material in a solution of 20 g / l Fine Cleaner 4360 (commercial name of a degreasing chemical, product of Nihon Parkerizing Go.) Treated at 70 ° C for 10 min.

Bei jeder Spülstufe mit Wasser wurde das metallische Ma­ terial mit fließendem Leitungswasser 60 sec bei Raum­ temperatur behandelt. The metallic Ma material with running tap water for 60 seconds in the room temperature treated.  

Die Stufen des Beizens und der chemischen Umwandlungsbe­ handlung wurden gemäß Tabelle 1 durchgeführt.The stages of pickling and chemical conversion were carried out according to Table 1.

Die Stufe der Schmierbehandlung wurde mit dem Schmier­ mittel mit der Zusammensetzung und unter den Bedingungen, wie in Tabelle 2 gezeigt, durchgeführt.The level of lubrication treatment was with the lubrication medium with the composition and under the conditions as shown in Table 2.

Die Trocknungsstufe wurde mit einem Heißlufttrockner 30 min bei 120°C durchgeführt.The drying stage was done with a hot air dryer Performed at 120 ° C for 30 min.

Bemerkungen
+1 - Produkt von Asahi Chemicals Co., Handelsname IBIT700A
+2 - Produkte von Nihon Parkerizing Co., die Handels­ bezeichnungen sind wie folgt abgekürzt:
PB-181X = chemisches Umwandlungsmittel vom Zink­ phosphat-Typ
AL-131 = Beschleuniger für die chemische Umwand­ lung vom Zinkphosphat-Typ
FB-A1-Reagens = Hauptbestandteil für die chemi­ sche Oxalatumwandlung
FB-A2-Reagens = Hilfsmittel für die chemische Oxalatumwandlung
AG-16 = Beschleuniger für die chemische Oxalat­ umwandlung
MET-3851 = chemisches Umwandlungsmittel vom Fluoxid-Typ.
Remarks
+1 - product of Asahi Chemicals Co., trade name IBIT700A
+2 - Nihon Parkerizing Co. products, the trade names are abbreviated as follows:
PB-181X = chemical converting agent of the zinc phosphate type
AL-131 = accelerator for chemical conversion of the zinc phosphate type
FB-A1 reagent = main component for chemical oxalate conversion
FB-A2 reagent = auxiliary for chemical oxalate conversion
AG-16 = accelerator for chemical oxalate conversion
MET-3851 = Fluoxide type chemical converting agent.

Bemerkungen:
+3 - Polyoxyethylen-nonylphenolether, HLB 15, her­ gestellt von Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku K.K., Handelsbezeich­ nung: Noigen EA150
+4 - Neutralisationsprodukt von Titanylsulfat mit Natriumhydroxid bei pH 8,0
+5 - Neutralisationsprodukt von Titanphosphat mit Natriumhydroxid bei pH 8,0
+6 - Schmiermittel vom Natriumseifen-Typ, herge­ stellt von Nihon Parkerizing Co.
Remarks:
+3 - Polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether, HLB 15, manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku KK, trade name: Noigen EA150
+4 - Neutralization product of titanyl sulfate with sodium hydroxide at pH 8.0
+5 - Neutralization product of titanium phosphate with sodium hydroxide at pH 8.0
+6 - Sodium soap type lubricant manufactured by Nihon Parkerizing Co.

Die in jedem der Beispiele und Vergleichsbeispiele behan­ delten, metallischen Materialien wurden einem rückwärti­ gen bzw. umgekehrten Becher-Extrusionstest (Stahl) und Drahtziehtest (Titan) unterzogen, um deren Schmierfähig­ keit zu bewerten. Es wurde auch die Beständigkeit gegen­ über einer Rostentwicklung mit Hilfe des Rosttests bei konstanter Temperatur/konstanter Feuchtigkeit ermittelt. Die Apparaturen und Bedingungen dieser Tests sowie das Bewertungsverfahren sind in den Tabellen 3, 4 bzw. 5 an­ gegeben. The behan in each of the examples and comparative examples Delten, metallic materials were a backwards or reverse cup extrusion test (steel) and Wire drawing test (titanium) subjected to their lubricity to evaluate. There was also resistance to rust development with the help of the rust test constant temperature / constant humidity. The equipment and conditions of these tests as well as the Evaluation methods are listed in Tables 3, 4 and 5 respectively given.  

Tabelle 3 Table 3

Kalter, rückwärtiger bzw. umgekehrter Becher-Extrusionstest Cold, reverse or reverse cup extrusion test

Tabelle 4 Table 4

Drahtziehtest Wire drawing test

Tabelle 5 Table 5

Rosttest bei konstanter Temperatur und konstanter Feuch­ tigkeit Rust test at constant temperature and constant humidity

Die in jedem Beispiel und Vergleichsbeispiel angegebenen, vorstehenden Testergebnisse sind in Tabelle 6, 7 und 8 wiedergegeben. The given in each example and comparative example, The above test results are in Tables 6, 7 and 8 reproduced.  

Tabelle 6 Table 6

Kalter, rückwärtiger bzw. umgekehrter Becher-Extrusionstest an Kohlenstoffstahl Cold, reverse or reverse cup extrusion test on carbon steel

Tabelle 7 Table 7

Kalter, rückwärtiger bzw. umgekehrter Becher-Extrusions­ test an rostfreiem Stahl Cold, reverse or reverse cup extrusion test on stainless steel

Tabelle 8 Table 8

Drahtziehtest an Titanmaterial Wire drawing test on titanium material

Wie aus den Ergebnissen des Kaltschmiedetests bei Kohlen­ stoffstahl, d. h. dem kalten, rückwärtigen bzw. umgekehr­ ten Becher-Extrusionstest, wie in Tabelle 6 gezeigt, ent­ nommen werden kann, zeigen die Beispiele 1 bis 7, bei denen eine kolloidale Titanverbindung eingesetzt wurde, eine bemerkenswert verbesserte Schmierfähigkeit im Ver­ gleich zu den Vergleichsbeispielen 1 bis 4, bei denen eine derartige Verbindung nicht verwendet wurde, und sie konn­ ten leicht einer Kaltbearbeitung bei geringer Reduktion standhalten.As from the results of the cold forging test on coals fabric steel, d. H. the cold, backwards or vice versa cup extrusion test as shown in Table 6 Examples 1 to 7 show who have used a colloidal titanium compound remarkably improved lubricity in the ver equal to Comparative Examples 1 to 4, in which one such connection has not been used and it could cold machining with little reduction withstand.

Weiterhin zeigt der Vergleich zwischen Beispiel 2 und den Vergleichsbeispielen 2 bis 3, daß die wäßrige Schmier­ mittelflüssigkeit der Erfindung, die ein Bindemittel ent­ hält, selbst ohne eine chemische Umwandlungsbehandlung des metallischen Materials eine Leistungsfähigkeit erge­ ben kann, äquivalent derjenigen, wie sie bei einem her­ kömmlichen Verfahren erzielt wird, das in einer chemi­ schen Umwandlungsbehandlung und einer wäßrigen Schmier­ flüssigkeitsbehandlung besteht. Es ist auch ersichtlich, daß im Vergleich zu den Vergleichsbeispielen 1 bis 4 die Beispiele 1 bis 5 zeigen, daß das erfindungsgemäße Ver­ fahren bei weitem überlegen ist und eine höhere Reduktion der Kaltbearbeitung ermöglicht, als sie bis heute für möglich angesehen wurde.Furthermore, the comparison between Example 2 and Comparative Examples 2 to 3 that the aqueous lubricant medium liquid of the invention, which ent a binder lasts even without chemical conversion treatment performance of the metallic material can be equivalent to that of one Conventional process is achieved in a chemi conversion treatment and an aqueous lubricant liquid treatment exists. It is also evident that compared to Comparative Examples 1 to 4 the Examples 1 to 5 show that the Ver driving is far superior and a higher reduction  of cold working than they have for today was considered possible.

Wie auch aus Tabelle 6 ersichtlich, weisen die erfin­ dungsgemäß hergestellten Produkte, wie in den Beispielen gezeigt, keine Rostpenetration bei dem Rosttest bei kon­ stanter Temperatur/konstanter Feuchtigkeit, durchgeführt in sämtlichen Fällen bei 50°C bei einer Feuchtigkeit von 90% während 24 Stunden, auf, wohingegen die Vergleichs­ beispiele zeigen, daß die herkömmlichen Produkte rostig wurden. Aus diesem Grund ergibt die vorliegende Erfin­ dung einen ausgezeichneten Rostschutz.As can also be seen from Table 6, the inventions Products manufactured in accordance with the invention, as in the examples shown, no rust penetration in the rust test with con constant temperature / constant humidity in all cases at 50 ° C with a humidity of 90% during 24 hours, whereas the comparison Examples show that the conventional products are rusty were. For this reason, the present Erfin excellent rust protection.

Tabelle 7 zeigt das Ergebnis eines kalten, rückwärtigen bzw. umgekehrten Becher-Extrusionstestes bei rostfreiem Stahl. Die Produkte der vorliegenden Erfindung können in den Beispielen ohne Mängel zu einem tiefer extru­ dierten Becher führen als die herkömmlichen, in dem Ver­ gleichsbeispiel gezeigten Produkte. Dies zeigt an, daß die wäßrige Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit der Erfindung eine ausgezeichnete Schmierwirkung ergibt.Table 7 shows the result of a cold, reverse or reverse cup extrusion test with stainless Stole. The products of the present invention can in the examples without defects to a deeper extru dated cup lead than the conventional, in the Ver Products shown in the same example. This indicates that the aqueous lubricating treatment liquid of the invention gives an excellent lubricating effect.

Der Drahtziehtest bei Titan, wie in Tabelle 8 gezeigt, machte auch die ausgezeichnete Leistungsfähigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen, wäßrigen Schmierflüssigkeit als Kalt­ bearbeitungsschmiermittel ersichtlich. Die mit der er­ findungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit behandelten Produkte der Beispiele 10 bis 12 zeigten selbst nach einem 5. Durch­ gang keinen Mangel, wohingegen die Vergleichsbeispiele 7 bis 8 beim 5. Durchgang Mängel aufwiesen. The wire drawing test on titanium as shown in Table 8 also made the excellent performance of the aqueous lubricating liquid according to the invention as cold machining lubricant evident. The one with which he liquid treated products of the invention Examples 10 to 12 showed even after a 5th run no deficiency, whereas the comparative examples 7 to 8 had defects in the 5th round.  

Die vorliegende Erfindung ergibt eine wäßrige Schmier­ behandlungsflüssigkeit und Behandlungsmethode für die Kaltbearbeitung von metallischen Materialien, durch die das metallische Material mit einer ausgezeichneten Schmierfähigkeit versehen werden kann, die eine zufrie­ denstellend hohe Reduktion der kalten, plastischen Bearbeitung ohne Blockieren und Fressen bei hoher Bear­ beitbarkeit ermöglicht und den so behandelten Produkten eine hohe Rostbeständigkeit verleiht.The present invention provides an aqueous lubricant treatment liquid and treatment method for the Cold machining of metallic materials, through which is the metallic material with an excellent Lubricity can be provided that a satisfied resulting high reduction of the cold, plastic Machining without blocking and seizing at high bear processability and the products treated in this way gives a high rust resistance.

Claims (3)

1. Wäßrige Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit zur kalten, plastischen Bearbeitung eines metallischen Materials, enthaltend 50 bis 400 g/l eines festen Schmier- bzw. Gleitmittels, 1 bis 40 g/l eines oberflächenaktiven Mit­ tels, eine kolloidale Titanverbindung in einer Menge von 10 ppm oder mehr, ausgedrückt als Titan, und Wasser.1. Aqueous lubricating treatment liquid for cold, plastic processing of a metallic material, containing 50 to 400 g / l of a solid lubricant or Lubricant, 1 to 40 g / l of a surfactant tels, a colloidal titanium compound in an amount of 10 ppm or more in terms of titanium and water. 2. Wäßrige Schmierbehandlungsflüssigkeit zur kalten, plastischen Bearbeitung eines metallischen Materials, enthaltend 50 bis 400 g/l eines festen Schmier- bzw. Gleitmittels, 1 bis 40 g/l eines oberflächenaktiven Mit­ tels, 5 bis 150 g/l zumindest eines organischen und/oder an­ organischen Bindemittels, eine kolloidale Titanverbin­ dung in einer Menge von 10 ppm oder mehr, ausgedrückt als Titan, und Wasser.2. Aqueous lubricating treatment liquid for cold, plastic processing of a metallic material, containing 50 to 400 g / l of a solid lubricant or Lubricant, 1 to 40 g / l of a surfactant means, 5 to 150 g / l at least one organic and / or organic binder, a colloidal titanium compound  in an amount of 10 ppm or more as titanium, and water. 3. Verfahren zur kalten, plastischen Bearbeitung eines metallischen Materials, umfassend die Behandlung einer metallischen Material­ oberfläche, die mit einer chemischen Umwandlungsschicht überzogen ist, mit der wäßrigen Schmierbehandlungs­ flüssigkeit gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2.3. Procedure for cold, plastic processing of a metallic material, comprehensively treating a metallic material surface covered with a chemical conversion layer is coated with the aqueous lubricating treatment liquid according to claim 1 or 2.
DE3922464A 1988-07-07 1989-07-07 Aqueous lubricating treatment liquid and method for cold, plastic processing of metallic materials Expired - Fee Related DE3922464C2 (en)

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JPH0747756B2 (en) * 1989-08-09 1995-05-24 日本電装株式会社 Aqueous lubrication liquid for cold plastic working of metals
JPH0433998A (en) * 1990-05-30 1992-02-05 Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd Method for lubricating steel pipe
JPH061994A (en) * 1992-06-18 1994-01-11 Daido Steel Co Ltd Lubricating treatment method for cold and hot forging
US7615519B2 (en) * 2004-07-19 2009-11-10 Afton Chemical Corporation Additives and lubricant formulations for improved antiwear properties
CN100369687C (en) * 2006-04-17 2008-02-20 江苏华阳金属管件有限公司 Surface coating used for cold extrusion shaped metallic product
CN107384567B (en) * 2017-08-15 2020-12-04 广州杜朗介质科技有限公司 High-performance water-based lubricating oil for copper-zinc alloy cold stamping

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JPS5429866A (en) * 1977-08-10 1979-03-06 Daikin Ind Ltd Lubricant composition for use of drawing of steel material
US4808245A (en) * 1986-11-10 1989-02-28 Nihon Parkerizing Co., Ltd. Method for drawing iron and steel wire rod

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