DE3733564C1 - Component of high compressive strength made of lime/silica compositions - Google Patents

Component of high compressive strength made of lime/silica compositions

Info

Publication number
DE3733564C1
DE3733564C1 DE3733564A DE3733564A DE3733564C1 DE 3733564 C1 DE3733564 C1 DE 3733564C1 DE 3733564 A DE3733564 A DE 3733564A DE 3733564 A DE3733564 A DE 3733564A DE 3733564 C1 DE3733564 C1 DE 3733564C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
sand
slag
lime
component
compressive strength
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE3733564A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hubert Dipl-Ing Boderke
Klaus Dipl-Ing Boderke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bt Baustoff & Transp & Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Bt Baustoff & Transp & Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bt Baustoff & Transp & Co GmbH filed Critical Bt Baustoff & Transp & Co GmbH
Priority to DE3733564A priority Critical patent/DE3733564C1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3733564C1 publication Critical patent/DE3733564C1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F3/00—Shielding characterised by its physical form, e.g. granules, or shape of the material
    • G21F3/04—Bricks; Shields made up therefrom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
    • C04B18/141—Slags
    • C04B18/144—Slags from the production of specific metals other than iron or of specific alloys, e.g. ferrochrome slags
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
    • G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
    • G21F1/04—Concretes; Other hydraulic hardening materials
    • G21F1/042—Concretes combined with other materials dispersed in the carrier
    • G21F1/047—Concretes combined with other materials dispersed in the carrier with metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
    • C04B2111/00215—Mortar or concrete mixtures defined by their oxide composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00258—Electromagnetic wave absorbing or shielding materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

Component of high compressive strength made of lime/silica compositions. To achieve a high radiation absorbtion, from about 25 to 55% by weight of the sand content is replaced by a nonreactive slag containing at least 45% of FeO. The slag used can be copper slag. The sand should have an SiO2 content of greater than 90% and a fines content of at least 45% less than 90 mu .

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Bauelement hoher Druckfestigkeit aus Kalkkieselsäuremassen.The invention relates to a component with high compressive strength from calcium silicate masses.

Bauelemente dieser Art sind insbesondere als sogenannte Kalksandsteine nach DIN 106 auf dem Markt.Components of this type are particularly known as so-called sand-lime bricks according to DIN 106 on the market.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Bauelement der genannten Art zu schaffen, das eine hohe Strahlenabsorption aufweist und das damit für die Umgrenzung von Räumen geeignet ist, in denen Strahlung hoher Dosisleistung freigesetzt wird. Hier handelt es sich beispielsweise um Röntgenräume, in denen Röntgenstrahlung freigesetzt wird, aber auch um Räume, in denen radioaktive Strahlung freigesetzt wird, insbesondere auch Gamma-Strahlung, beispielsweise in der Nuklearmedizin. Als Abschirmung für eine Strahlung hoher Dosisleistung ist im allgemeinen noch Blei vorherrschend. Bleiwände aus Bleistrahlenschutzziegeln sind ebenso wie Verkleidungen mit Bleiplatten aufwendig. Sie sind darüber hinaus statisch nicht belastbar.The object of the invention is to provide a component of the type mentioned create that has a high radiation absorption and so is suitable for delimiting rooms in which radiation high dose rate is released. Here is an example around x-ray rooms where x-rays are released but also around rooms in which radioactive radiation is released, especially gamma radiation, for example in nuclear medicine. As a shield against radiation high dose rate, lead is still predominant. Lead walls made of lead radiation protection bricks are just like cladding  expensive with lead plates. You are beyond statically not resilient.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Bauelement hoher Strahlenabsorption zu schaffen, mit dem auch hohe statische Kräfte aufgenommen werden können.The object of the invention is to provide a component with high radiation absorption to create with which even high static forces are absorbed can be.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung gelöst durch Bauelemente nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1, bei denen der Sandanteil zu etwa 25 bis 55 Gew.-% durch eine nicht reaktive Schlacke mit wenigstens 45% FeO ersetzt ist. Vorzugsweise wird eine solche Schlackung mit einer Körnung bis 4 mm verwendet.This object is achieved according to the invention by components according to the preamble of claim 1, in which the proportion of sand about 25 to 55 wt .-% by a non-reactive slag is replaced with at least 45% FeO. Preferably one such slag with a grain size up to 4 mm is used.

Als zweckmäßig hat sich Kupferschlacke erwiesen. Das Verhältnis von Sand zu Kupferschlacke sollte dabei 50 bis 70 Gew.-% betragen.Copper slag has proven to be expedient. The relationship from sand to copper slag should be 50 to 70% by weight.

Zweckmäßige weitere Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Appropriate further developments are the subject of the subclaims.

Für die Herstellung der Bauelemente ist beispielsweise eine Kupferschlacke folgender Zusammensetzung geeignet:For example, one is used for the production of the components Copper slag of the following composition is suitable:

SiO₂30-34% FeO47-54% CaO 1- 7%  kein Freikalk ZnO 1- 2% Al₂O₃ 3- 7% MgO 1- 3% CuO 0,55- 0,65% S 0,55- 0,65%SiO₂30-34% FeO47-54% CaO 1- 7% no free lime ZnO 1- 2% Al₂O₃ 3-7% MgO 1-3% CuO 0.55-0.65% S 0.55-0.65%

Eine derartige Kupferschlacke hat eine Rohdichte, die im Mittel etwa 3,78 kg/dm³, ermittelt nach DIN 52 101 beträgt. Bauelemente gemäß der Erfindung lassen sich ohne weiteres mit Rohdichten 2,0, 2,2 und sogar 2,4 herstellen. Dabei sind Druckfestigkeiten bis 48 N/mm² erreichbar. Such a copper slag has a bulk density that is on average about 3.78 kg / dm³, determined according to DIN 52 101. Components According to the invention, bulk densities 2.0, Make 2.2 and even 2.4. Here are compressive strengths up to 48 N / mm² achievable.  

Bei der Herstellung der Bauelemente ist die Schlacke mit dem Sand und dem Kalk gemischt in den Reaktor aufzugeben, damit die Masse beim Pressen und Aushärten eine gleichmäßige Temperatur hat.When manufacturing the components, the slag is with the sand and give up the lime mixed in the reactor so the mass has a uniform temperature during pressing and curing.

Als Kalk wird vorzugsweise ein hochreaktiver Weißfeinkalk mit mehr als 90% CaO verwendet. Die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit T₆₀ sollte höchstens 4,5 min betragen. Kalke mit kleineren Reaktionsgeschwindigkeiten sind bevorzugt.A highly reactive fine white lime is preferably used as lime more than 90% CaO used. The reaction rate T₆₀ should be at most 4.5 minutes. Limes with slower reaction rates are preferred.

Der SiO₂-Gehalt des Sandes sollte wenigstens 90% betragen und der Sand sollte einen hohen Feinanteil aufweisen mit 45 bis 50% kleiner 90 µ.The SiO₂ content of the sand should be at least 90% and the sand should have a high fines content with 45 to 50% less than 90 µ.

Die Abschirmwirkung von Bauelementen gemäß der Erfindung wurde mit aufgemauerten Wänden aus Kalksandstein nach DIN 106 ermittelt. Beim Wandaufbau sind Fugen und durchgehende Verbindungsflächen zu vermeiden. Der Aufbau wird deshalb mit einem entsprechenden Steinversatz unter Verwendung von Dünnbettmörtel durchgeführt. Beispielsweise Wandaufbauten sind in Fig. 1 dargestellt. In der Zeichnung ist jeweils die Dosisleistung am Meßpunkt angegeben bei einer Strahlung mit einer CS 137-Quelle mit 662 keV. Eine derartige Strahlung ist in der Nuklearmedizin üblich.The shielding effect of components according to the invention was determined with brick walls made of sand-lime brick according to DIN 106. When installing the wall, avoid joints and continuous connecting surfaces. The construction is therefore carried out with an appropriate stone offset using thin-bed mortar. For example, wall structures are shown in FIG. 1. In the drawing, the dose rate at the measuring point is given for radiation with a CS 137 source at 662 keV. Such radiation is common in nuclear medicine.

Aus Fig. 1 ist folgendes ersichtlich:The following can be seen from FIG. 1:

  • 1. Für den Strahlenschutzstein mit der Dichte 2,2 g/cm³ ergibt sich eine 3,7 × stärkere Abschirmwirkung gegenüber dem normalen Kalksandstein mit der Dichte 1,8 g/cm³.1. For the radiation protection stone with the density 2.2 g / cm³ results a shielding effect 3.7 times stronger than that normal sand-lime brick with a density of 1.8 g / cm³.
  • 2. Wird vor der Wand aus normalen Kalksandsteinen eine Wand aus Kalksand-Strahlenschutzstein (11,5 cm) gezogen, verbessert sich die Abschirmung um den Faktor 4,7.2. If a wall is made of normal sand-lime bricks in front of the wall Lime sand radiation protection stone (11.5 cm) removed, improved the shielding by a factor of 4.7.

Verbesserte Abschirmwirkung einer Wand aus Strahlenschutzsteinen mit Rohdichte 2,2 g/cm³ gegenüber einer Kalksandsteinwand mit Rohdichte 1,8 g/cm³, Wanddicke 36 cm.Improved shielding effect of a wall made of radiation protection stones with a bulk density of 2.2 g / cm³ compared to a sand-lime brick wall Gross density 1.8 g / cm³, wall thickness 36 cm.

Eine extrapolierte Kurve der Abschirmwirkung ist in Fig. 2 wiedergegeben, in die die vorstehend unter 1. angegebene Messung eingetragen ist.An extrapolated curve of the shielding effect is shown in FIG. 2, in which the measurement specified under 1. is entered.

Bauelemente gemäß der Erfindung finden ihre Anwendung im Bereich schwacher bis mittlerer StrahlenbelastungComponents according to the invention are used in the field weak to moderate radiation exposure

- Krankenhäuser (Nuklearmedizin, Röntgenräume)
- Laboratorien (Versuchsanstalten, Universitäten
mit strahlenbelasteten Räumen)
- Kraftwerksbau- hospitals (nuclear medicine, X-ray rooms)
- Laboratories (research institutes, universities
with rooms exposed to radiation)
- power plant construction

Claims (3)

1. Bauelement hoher Druckfestigkeit aus Kalkkieselsäuremassen, nämlich Kalksandstein, bei dem der Sand teilweise ersetzt ist durch eine Eisensilicatschlacke, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Erzielung einer hohen Strahlenabsorption der durch Kupferschlacke ersetzte Sandanteil 25 bis 55 Gew.-% beträgt, daß die Schlacke 47 bis 54% FeO, 30 bis 34% SiO₂, und 0,55 bis 0,65% CuO enthält, der Sand einen SiO₂-Gehalt größer 90% und einen Feinanteil von wenigstens 45% kleiner 90 µm aufweist, sowie der Kalk einen CaO-Gehalt von wenigstens 90% mit einer Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit (T₆₀) kleiner 4,5 min hat.1. Component of high compressive strength from calcium silicate masses, namely sand-lime brick, in which the sand is partially replaced by an iron silicate slag, characterized in that to achieve high radiation absorption, the sand fraction replaced by copper slag is 25 to 55% by weight, that the slag is 47 to Contains 54% FeO, 30 to 34% SiO₂, and 0.55 to 0.65% CuO, the sand has a SiO₂ content greater than 90% and a fine fraction of at least 45% less than 90 µm, and the lime has a CaO content of at least 90% with a reaction rate (T ₆₀) less than 4.5 min. 2. Bauelement nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch ein Verhältnis von Schlacke zu Sand von 30 bis 50 Gew.-%.2. Component according to claim 1, characterized by a ratio from slag to sand from 30 to 50% by weight. 3. Bauelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schlacke eine Körnung bis 4 mm aufweist.3. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the Slag has a grain size of up to 4 mm.
DE3733564A 1987-10-03 1987-10-03 Component of high compressive strength made of lime/silica compositions Expired DE3733564C1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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DE3733564A DE3733564C1 (en) 1987-10-03 1987-10-03 Component of high compressive strength made of lime/silica compositions

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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DE3733564C1 true DE3733564C1 (en) 1988-12-01

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20214788U1 (en) 2002-09-25 2002-11-21 HSV HELBRAER SCHLACKENVERWERTUNG NL der Schaumburger Steinbrüche GmbH & Co. KG, 06311 Helbra Grain mixture as a building material for traffic routes, squares and protective structures
DE102007032738A1 (en) * 2007-07-10 2009-01-15 Peute Baustoffe Gmbh NOVELTY - Exposed aggregate concrete slabs for use in building contain iron silicate pebbles (2) as part of aggregate
EP3744701A1 (en) * 2019-05-28 2020-12-02 Sika Technology Ag Conductive mortar

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2252125B2 (en) * 1972-10-24 1975-06-19 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Use of gravel burn-up as an aggregate for masses for sand-lime brick production
DE3701856A1 (en) * 1986-01-28 1987-08-06 Kalksandsteinwerk Gumbmann Dai Lime sand brick

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2252125B2 (en) * 1972-10-24 1975-06-19 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Use of gravel burn-up as an aggregate for masses for sand-lime brick production
DE3701856A1 (en) * 1986-01-28 1987-08-06 Kalksandsteinwerk Gumbmann Dai Lime sand brick

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KEIL: Hochofenschlacke, 1963, S.11 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20214788U1 (en) 2002-09-25 2002-11-21 HSV HELBRAER SCHLACKENVERWERTUNG NL der Schaumburger Steinbrüche GmbH & Co. KG, 06311 Helbra Grain mixture as a building material for traffic routes, squares and protective structures
DE102007032738A1 (en) * 2007-07-10 2009-01-15 Peute Baustoffe Gmbh NOVELTY - Exposed aggregate concrete slabs for use in building contain iron silicate pebbles (2) as part of aggregate
EP3744701A1 (en) * 2019-05-28 2020-12-02 Sika Technology Ag Conductive mortar
WO2020239893A1 (en) * 2019-05-28 2020-12-03 Sika Technology Ag Conductive mortar
EP4101824A1 (en) * 2019-05-28 2022-12-14 Sika Technology AG Conductive mortar

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