DE19642316A1 - Alarm system for waking sleeping person - Google Patents

Alarm system for waking sleeping person

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Publication number
DE19642316A1
DE19642316A1 DE1996142316 DE19642316A DE19642316A1 DE 19642316 A1 DE19642316 A1 DE 19642316A1 DE 1996142316 DE1996142316 DE 1996142316 DE 19642316 A DE19642316 A DE 19642316A DE 19642316 A1 DE19642316 A1 DE 19642316A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
sleep
wake
time
alarm clock
period
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Ceased
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DE1996142316
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German (de)
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Dirk Krischenowski
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to DE1996142316 priority Critical patent/DE19642316A1/en
Publication of DE19642316A1 publication Critical patent/DE19642316A1/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
    • G04G13/00—Producing acoustic time signals
    • G04G13/02—Producing acoustic time signals at preselected times, e.g. alarm clocks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M21/00—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/45—For evaluating or diagnosing the musculoskeletal system or teeth
    • A61B5/4519—Muscles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M21/00—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
    • A61M2021/0005—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis by the use of a particular sense, or stimulus
    • A61M2021/0027—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis by the use of a particular sense, or stimulus by the hearing sense
    • A61M2021/0038—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis by the use of a particular sense, or stimulus by the hearing sense ultrasonic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M21/00—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
    • A61M2021/0005—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis by the use of a particular sense, or stimulus
    • A61M2021/0083—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis by the use of a particular sense, or stimulus especially for waking up
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
    • A61M2230/04—Heartbeat characteristics, e.g. ECG, blood pressure modulation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
    • A61M2230/18—Rapid eye-movements [REM]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
    • A61M2230/40—Respiratory characteristics
    • A61M2230/42—Rate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2230/00—Measuring parameters of the user
    • A61M2230/60—Muscle strain, i.e. measured on the user

Abstract

The alarm system has at least one sensor which monitors the depth of sleep by monitoring the pulse rate, the rapid-eye- movement, the neck muscle movement and/or the electroencephalogram signals. The detected parameter values are transmitted to an alarm device via a radio link, for comparison with stored reference values via a microchip evaluation device, for providing the alarm signal at the optimum point in the sleep cycle within a defined time frame.

Description

Die im Anspruch angegebene Erfindung ist für eine weckerähnliche Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren vorgesehen, die beim Menschen einen als physiologisch sinnvoll anzusehenden Weckzeitpunkt ermitteln und dann einen Weckvorgang einleiteten.The invention specified in the claim is for an alarm clock-like device and a Processes are provided which are considered to be physiologically meaningful in humans Determine the wake-up time and then initiate a wake-up process.

Der Schlaf des Menschen ist aus medizinischer Sicht in verschiedene ineinander übergehende Schlafzustände unterteilt (vgl. Abb. 1), die sich durch unterschiedliche physiologische Parameter unterscheiden. Die einzelnen Schlafstadien werden während des nächtlichen Schlafes drei- bis fünfmal durchlaufen, wobei die Schlaftiefe gegen Morgen abnimmt. Den gleichen periodischen Rhythmus weisen auch vegetative Funktionen (z. B. Herz- und Atemfrequenz), die EEG-Aktivität und die Spannung der Nackenmuskulatur auf. Besondere Bedeutung kommt der REM-(rapid eye movement) Phase zu, die durch schnelle Augenbewegungen, starke hirnelektrische Aktivität und paradoxerweise durch minimalen Muskeltonus und eine hohe Weckschwelle gekennzeichnet ist. Mit dieser Phase sind häufig Träume verbunden.From a medical point of view, human sleep is subdivided into different sleeping states (see Fig. 1), which differ in different physiological parameters. The individual sleep stages are run through three to five times during nighttime sleep, with the depth of sleep decreasing towards morning. Vegetative functions (e.g. heart and respiratory rate), EEG activity and tension in the neck muscles also have the same periodic rhythm. Of particular importance is the REM (rapid eye movement) phase, which is characterized by rapid eye movements, strong brain electrical activity and, paradoxically, by minimal muscle tone and a high alarm threshold. This phase is often associated with dreams.

Der natürliche Aufwachvorgang ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die schlafende Person sich in einer flachen Schlafphase mit einer geringen Schlaftiefe befindet und meist durch einen äußeren Reiz (Licht, Geräusch, Geruch, Berührung u. a.) geweckt wird. Je länger dabei die Schlafdauer und je flacher die Schlafphase ist, desto geringer liegt die Weckschwelle. Das künstliche Weckgeräusch des Weckers erweckt die schlafende Person in den meisten Fällen zu einem Zeitpunkt, an dem ein natürliches Aufwachen nicht zustande gekommen wäre. Der künstliche Weckvorgang ist somit per se unphysiologisch.The natural waking process is characterized by the fact that the sleeping person is in a shallow sleep phase with a low depth of sleep and mostly through an external stimulus (light, noise, smell, touch, etc.) is awakened. The longer the sleep duration and the flatter the sleep phase, the lower it is Alarm threshold. The artificial alarm sound of the alarm clock awakens the sleeping one Person in most cases at a time when natural waking up would not have come about. The artificial wake-up process is therefore per se non-physiological.

In der heutigen Zeit wird sehr viel Zeit unseres Tages durch den Blick auf die Uhr bestimmt, der Tag beginnt bei der arbeitenden Bevölkerung mit dem Wecken zu einem durch die Uhr festgelegten Zeitpunkt und im Laufe des Tages kommen weitere Termine hinzu. Wenige Menschen jedoch kennen genau ihre optimale Schlafdauer, der Wecker weckt zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt, unabhängig davon, ob die optimale Schlafzeit bereits erreicht ist oder nicht. So kommt es dazu, daß Menschen durch den Wecker in einer tieferen Schlafphase erweckt werden und unausgeschlafen reagieren, obwohl sie sich vor einer Viertelstunde bereits in einer flacheren Schlafphase befunden haben, in der ein Wecken wesentlich angenehmer gewesen wäre. Im einem anderen Fall wäre eine Viertelstunde mehr Schlaf mit anschließendem Wecken ebenfalls als angenehmer empfunden worden. In today's time, a lot of time of our day is by looking at the clock certainly, the day begins with the waking up to the working population Further appointments are made by the time and throughout the day added. However, few people know exactly their optimal sleep duration, the alarm clock wakes up at a certain time, regardless of whether the optimal sleep time has already been reached or not. So it happens that people in the alarm clock be awakened to a deeper sleep phase and react to being sleepy even though they are a quarter of an hour ago you were in a shallower sleep phase, in which waking up would have been much more pleasant. In another case, one would be Fifteen hours more sleep followed by waking up is also more pleasant been felt.  

Die vorliegende Erfindung soll der schlafenden Person eine weitgehend physiologische und damit als angenehm empfundene Weckung ermöglichen. Dazu stellt die Person einen Weckzeitraum ein, in dem eine Weckung erwünscht ist. Der Wecker erkennt durch die Messung der Schlaftiefe (vgl. Abb. 2) mittels des Sensors, wann sich die schlafende Person innerhalb des vorgegebenen Weckzeitraumes in einer relativ flachen Schlafphase mit geringer Schlaftiefe befindet und leitet zu diesem Zeitpunkt die Weckung ein. Sollte die schlafende Person innerhalb des vorgegebenen Weckzeitraumes keine derartige Schlafphase erreichen, bzw. besteht eine Störung bezüglich der Schlafphasenerkennung, so weckt der Wecker zum Ende des vorgegebenen Weckzeitraumes.The present invention is intended to provide the sleeping person with a largely physiological and thus pleasant awakening. For this purpose, the person sets a wake-up period in which wake-up is desired. By measuring the sleep depth (see Fig. 2) using the sensor, the alarm clock recognizes when the sleeping person is in a relatively shallow sleep phase with a low sleep depth within the specified wake-up period and initiates the wake-up at this time. If the sleeping person does not reach such a sleep phase within the specified wake-up period, or if there is a disturbance with regard to the sleep phase detection, the alarm clock wakes up at the end of the specified wake-up period.

Beispiele vgl. Abb. 3:Examples see Fig. 3:

Beispiel 1:
Example 1:

Die flachste Schlafphase im Weckzeitraum wird kurz vor Ende des Weckzeitraumes erreicht, der Pfeil markiert den Weckzeitpunkt, der in diesem Fall als optimal anzusehen ist. Beispiel 2:
The shallowest sleep phase in the wake-up period is reached shortly before the end of the wake-up period, the arrow marks the wake-up time, which in this case can be regarded as optimal. Example 2:

Die flachste Schlafphase im Weckzeitraum wird zu Beginn des Weckzeitraumes erreicht, der Pfeil markiert den Weckzeitpunkt, der auch in diesem Fall als optimal anzusehen ist. . Beispiel 3:
The shallowest sleep phase in the wake-up period is reached at the start of the wake-up period, the arrow marks the wake-up time, which can also be regarded as optimal in this case. . Example 3:

Die flachste Schlafphase im Weckzeitraum wird kurz vor Ende des Weckzeitraumes erreicht, der Pfeil markiert den Weckzeitpunkt. Der Weckzeitpunkt ist nicht optimal, aber dennoch günstiger als 10 Minuten zuvor. Beispiel 4:
The shallowest sleep phase in the wake-up period is reached shortly before the end of the wake-up period, the arrow marks the wake-up time. The wake-up time is not optimal, but it is still cheaper than 10 minutes before. Example 4:

Die flachste Schlafphase im Weckzeitraum wird zur Mitte des Weckzeitraumes erreicht, der Pfeil markiert den Weckzeitpunkt, der auch in diesem Fall als optimal anzusehen ist. . The shallowest sleep phase in the wake-up period becomes the middle of the Wake-up period reached, the arrow marks the wake-up time, which too in this case is to be regarded as optimal. .

Eine flache Schlafphase wird im Weckzeitraum zu keinem Zeitpunkt im Weckzeitraum erreicht, der Pfeil markiert den Weckzeitpunkt am Ende des Weckzeitraums. Beispiel 5:
A flat sleep phase is never reached during the wake-up period, the arrow marks the wake-up time at the end of the wake-up period. Example 5:

Durch diesen Wecker ist es zudem möglich auch bei zwangsweise kurzer Schlafmöglichkeit oder gewünschter kurzer Schlafdauer, bei der es dann weniger Flachschlafphasen gibt, trotzdem verhältnismäßig ausgeschlafen geweckt zu werden, indem ein entsprechender Weckzeitraum gewählt wird, in dem auch mindestens eine Flachschlafphase vorkommt. Im Prinzip wäre es mit diesem Wecker möglich, die Leistungsfähigkeit eines Menschen durch optimale Anpassung des Schlafes an seinen natürlichen Rhythmus auch unter ungewöhnlichen Bedingungen zu steigern. With this alarm clock, it is also possible even with a compulsory short one Possibility to sleep or desired short sleep duration, when it is less There are flat sleep phases, to be awakened relatively sleepy, by choosing an appropriate wake-up period, in which at least one Flat sleep phase occurs. In principle it would be possible with this alarm clock Performance of a person through optimal adaptation of sleep to his to increase natural rhythm even under unusual conditions.  

Unter dem Aspekt der wirtschaftlichen Verwertbarkeit ist bei dieser Erfindung ein wirtschaftlicher Erfolg wahrscheinlich, da die Zahl der möglichen Käufer (ein Großteil der werktätigen Bevölkerung besitzt und benötigt einen Wecker) sehr groß ist und zudem heute ein gesteigertes Gesundheitsbewußtsein mit Besinnung auf natürliche Vorgänge vorherrscht. Ein Wecker, der verspricht, den Schlafenden möglichst schonend und ausgeschlafen zu wecken, ist wirtschaftlich sicher gut verwertbar.From the point of view of commercial utility, there is one in this invention economic success likely because of the number of potential buyers (much the working population owns and needs an alarm clock) is very large and also today an increased health awareness with reflection on natural Operations prevail. An alarm clock that promises to be as gentle on the sleeping person as possible and to wake up well slept is economically viable.

Die technischen Details des Weckers und der Meßeinrichtungen sollen folgende sein (vgl. Abb. 2): Handelsüblicher elektronischer oder mechanischer Wecker mit konventionell programmierbarer elektronischer Einheit (Mikrochip). Individuell erstelltes Programm zur Datenerkennung und zum Datenvergleich. Datenübertragung vom Sender zum Empfänger (Wecker) durch Ultraschall, Funk, Infrarotstrahlung, Kabel oder geeignetes Medium. Batterie- oder anderweitig betriebene Meßvorrichtung am Menschen (a. Pulsfrequenz mittels handelsüblichem Pulsmeßverfähren und Gerät am Hand- oder Fußgelenk oder b. REM-Phase mittels Dehnungsmeßstreifen oder Piezostreifen auf einem Auge/Augenbraue und Gerät z. B. hinter dem Ohr (vgl. Abb. 4) oder c. Aktivität der Nackenmuskulatur mittels Dehnungsmeßstreifen oder Piezostreifen am Nacken oder d. EEG-Aktivität mit handelsüblichen EEG-Aufnehmern oder geeignete ähnliche Vorrichtung).The technical details of the alarm clock and the measuring devices should be as follows (see Fig. 2): Commercial electronic or mechanical alarm clock with a conventionally programmable electronic unit (microchip). Individually created program for data recognition and data comparison. Data transmission from transmitter to receiver (alarm clock) by ultrasound, radio, infrared radiation, cable or a suitable medium. Battery or other powered measuring device on humans (a. Pulse frequency using a commercially available pulse measuring method and device on the wrist or ankle or b. SEM phase using strain gauges or piezo strips on one eye / eyebrow and device e.g. behind the ear (see Fig . 4), or c. activity of the neck muscles by means of strain gauges or piezo strip at the neck or d. EEG activity with commercial EEG sensors or suitable similar device).

Die Maße des Weckers überstiegen im wesentlichen nicht die Abmessungen eines handelsüblichen Weckers. Mikrochip, Empfänger, Elektronik, andere Bauteile sind unauffällig in das Gehäuse integriert. Die Maße der Sensor-/Sendereinheit übersteigen in der Extremitätengelenksversion im wesentlichen nicht die einer handelsüblichen Armbanduhr, in der Augenversion sind sie kleiner und leichter, andere Vorrichtungen sind ebenfalls denkbar.The dimensions of the alarm clock essentially did not exceed the dimensions of one commercially available alarm clock. Microchip, receiver, electronics, other components are inconspicuously integrated into the housing. The dimensions of the sensor / transmitter unit exceed in the limb joint version essentially not that of a commercially available one Wristwatch, in the eye version, they are smaller and lighter, other devices are also conceivable.

Claims (3)

Vorrichtung und Verfahren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine schlafende Person zu einem durch bestimmte physiologische Parameter gekennzeichneten Zeitpunkt innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Zeitraumes wecken.Device and method, characterized in that they wake a sleeping person at a point in time characterized by certain physiological parameters within a predetermined period of time. An der schlafenden Person ist eine Vorrichtung angebracht, die die Pulsfrequenz/REM-Pha­ se/Aktivität der Nackenmuskulatur/EEG-Stadien oder einen ähnlichen Parameter, der zur Erkennung der Schlafphase oder Schlaftiefe geeignet ist, mißt. Die ermittelten Werte werden auf drahtlosem Wege (Sender-Empfänger) an eine weckerähnliche Vorrichtung übermittelt.A device is attached to the sleeping person, the pulse rate / REM-Pha se / activity of the neck muscles / EEG stages or a similar parameter that is suitable for detecting the sleep phase or depth of sleep. The determined values are sent wirelessly (transmitter-receiver) to an alarm clock-like device transmitted. Die übermittelten Werte der schlafenden Person werden mit den im Wecker gespeicherten Daten ständig verglichen. Dabei werden die über einen Zeitraum aufgenommenen Daten auch kurzfristig gespeichert um einer elektronischen Auswertevorrichtung (Mikrochip) eine Erkennung typischer Schlafmuster zu ermöglichen. In einem Mikrochip im Inneren des Weckers sind typische menschliche Schlafmuster gespeichert. Im eingegebenen Weckzeitraum erkennt die weckerähnliche Vorrichtung durch diesen Datenvergleich eine begonnene oder beginnende Flachschlafphase und leitet zum Zeitpunkt der geringsten Schlaftiefe die Weckung ein. In einer erweiterten Verwendungsmöglichkeit der Erfindung ist es ebenso möglich, die Weckung zu einem anderen Zeitpunkt mit bestimmten physiologischen Parametern durchzuführen.The transmitted values of the sleeping person are compared with those in the alarm clock stored data constantly compared. Doing so over a period of time recorded data also stored at short notice by an electronic Evaluation device (microchip) to detect typical sleep patterns enable. In a microchip inside the alarm clock are typical human Sleep pattern saved. In the entered wake-up period, the alarm-like recognizes Device started or starting through this data comparison Flat sleep phase and initiates the wake-up at the time of the lowest sleep depth. In An expanded use of the invention, it is also possible that Wake up at a different time with certain physiological parameters perform.
DE1996142316 1996-10-14 1996-10-14 Alarm system for waking sleeping person Ceased DE19642316A1 (en)

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WO2001095802A1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Body activity detection and processing
AT408948B (en) * 2000-02-22 2002-04-25 Eis Boris METHOD AND WAKE-UP DEVICE
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