DE19618444A1 - Hardly flammable cellulose loose fibre - Google Patents
Hardly flammable cellulose loose fibreInfo
- Publication number
- DE19618444A1 DE19618444A1 DE1996118444 DE19618444A DE19618444A1 DE 19618444 A1 DE19618444 A1 DE 19618444A1 DE 1996118444 DE1996118444 DE 1996118444 DE 19618444 A DE19618444 A DE 19618444A DE 19618444 A1 DE19618444 A1 DE 19618444A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- calcium chloride
- fibers
- insulation
- fire
- cellulose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000104547 Ziziphus oenoplia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005505 Ziziphus oenoplia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940010556 ammonium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003429 antifungal agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJFXNBUVIBKWBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;boric acid;hydrogen borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB([O-])[O-] AJFXNBUVIBKWBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019351 sodium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N9/00—Arrangements for fireproofing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
- C04B18/28—Mineralising; Compositions therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
- C04B22/12—Acids or salts thereof containing halogen in the anion
- C04B22/124—Chlorides of ammonium or of the alkali or alkaline earth metals, e.g. calcium chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
- C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
- E04B2001/745—Vegetal products, e.g. plant stems, barks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
Description
Gegenstand der Erfindung sind schwer entflammbare Zellulosedämmstoffe auf Basis von Naturstoffen, welchen zur Erlangung der Schwerentflammbarkeit brandhemmende Stoffe zugefügt sind.The invention relates to flame-retardant cellulose insulation materials Basis of natural products, which are used to achieve flame retardancy fire retardant substances are added.
Es ist bekannt, als energiesparende Baustoffe zur Wärmedämmung Faserfüllma terial und auch Bauplatten aus Fasermaterial zu verwenden, wobei als Faserma terial insbesondere nachwachsende Naturstoffe wie Jute, Sisal, Baumwolle, Ko kos, Flachs und insbesondere durch Rezyklisieren aus Altpapier gewonnene Zellulosefasern verwendet werden. Zur Herstellung von entsprechenden Bauplat ten werden diese Fasern mit Bindemitteln, insbesondere organischen oder anor ganischen Leimen versetzt, wobei Stärke- oder Ligninkleber, thermoplastische Kunstharze, sowie Zement, Gips, Aluminiumsulfat oder Wasserglas verwendet werden (vgl. DE 36 41 465 C2 und DE 36 41 466 C2).It is known as an energy-saving building material for thermal insulation fiber filling to use material and also building boards made of fiber material, being as fiber material material especially renewable natural materials such as jute, sisal, cotton, Ko kos, flax and in particular by recycling from waste paper Cellulose fibers are used. For the production of appropriate building boards ten these fibers with binders, especially organic or anor ganic glues, with starch or lignin glue, thermoplastic Synthetic resins, as well as cement, plaster, aluminum sulfate or water glass are used (see DE 36 41 465 C2 and DE 36 41 466 C2).
In der DE 35 45 001 A1 ist beschrieben, daß man solche Wärmedämmplatten zu sätzlich mit einer feuerhemmenden oder fäulnisverhindernden Komponente aus Borax oder Borsäure versetzen kann. Alle Komponenten werden in trockenem Zustand miteinander gemischt und mit überhitztem Wasserdampf verbunden.DE 35 45 001 A1 describes that such thermal insulation panels too additionally with a fire-retardant or putrefactive component Can move borax or boric acid. All components are in dry Condition mixed together and connected with superheated steam.
Aus dem DE 83 19 429.0-U1 ist bekannt, Dämmstoffe herzustellen, indem man Papier oder Pappe mit einer Dämmschicht aus Zellulosefasern verbindet, wobei Natriumsilikate (Wasserglas) als Bindemittel dienen und sowohl die Papierschicht als auch die Dämmstoffschicht mit einem feuerhemmenden, antimykotischen Mit tel, vorzugsweise Borax, angereichert sind. Die gleichmäßige Verteilung des feuerhemmenden Borax wird dadurch erreicht, daß Papier und Fasern mit einer wäßrigen Lösung von Borax getränkt werden oder daß Borax der Wasserglaslö sung zugesetzt wird. Nachteilig erweist sich bei diesem Verfahren, daß in jedem Fall größere Mengen Wasser abgedampft werden müssen. Produkte dieser Art sind wegen der gleichmäßigen Verteilung allerdings in die Brandklasse B1 (schwer entflammbar) einzuordnen.From DE 83 19 429.0-U1 it is known to produce insulating materials by Connects paper or cardboard with an insulating layer of cellulose fibers, whereby Sodium silicates (water glass) serve as binders and both the paper layer as well as the insulation layer with a fire-retardant, antifungal agent tel, preferably borax, are enriched. The even distribution of the fire retardant borax is achieved by using paper and fibers with a be soaked aqueous solution of borax or that borax the Wasserglaslö solution is added. This method has the disadvantage that in each If larger amounts of water need to be evaporated. Products of this kind are in fire class B1 because of the even distribution (flame retardant).
Aus der DE 25 46 130.7-A1 ist es bekannt, feuerisolierendes Material aus Faser material, insbesondere zerfasertem Papier und einer pulverförmigen, schwer ent flammbaren Substanz wie Borsäure durch trockenes Vermischen herzustellen, indem Fasern und Pulver trocken der Wirkung eines Hammerwerkes oder derglei chen unterworfen werden. Obwohl die Verarbeitungszeit gegenüber einem einfa chen Zerfasern des Papiers 2 bis 3mal so lang gehalten wird, ergibt auch dieses Verfahren keine vollständig gleichmäßige Verteilung der trockenen Flamm schutzmittel, da diese nur bedingt auf der Faser haften und daher bei Transport und Verarbeitung sich teilweise wieder entmischen. Materialien dieser Art sind daher in die Brandschutzklasse B2 einzustufen.From DE 25 46 130.7-A1 it is known fire-insulating material made of fiber material, especially shredded paper and a powdery, difficult ent to produce flammable substances such as boric acid by dry mixing, by making fibers and powder dry the effect of a hammer mill or the like be subjected to. Although the processing time compared to a simple Chen shredding of the paper is held 2 to 3 times as long, this also results Process does not completely distribute the dry flame Protective agents, as these only adhere to the fiber to a limited extent and therefore during transport and processing partly segregate again. Such materials are therefore to be classified in fire protection class B2.
Es stellte sich daher die Aufgabe, ein Verfahren zu finden, nach dem schwer ent flammbarer Zellulosedämmstoff, welcher die Qualitäten der Brandklasse B1 er reicht, auf trockenem Wege, d. h. ohne unwirtschaftliche Verdampfung größerer Wassermengen und mit einfachen Mischvorrichtungen hergestellt werden kann.It was therefore the task to find a method by which difficult flammable cellulose insulation material, which has the qualities of fire class B1 is enough in a dry way, d. H. larger without inefficient evaporation Amounts of water and can be produced with simple mixing devices.
Überraschenderweise gelingt dies durch einfaches Zumischen von Calciumchlorid in einer Menge von mindestens 0,1% der Zellulosefaser zusammen mit üblichen Brandschutzmitteln wie Borsäure, Borax, Aluminiumsulfat, Ammoniumsulfat oder -phosphat, welche in üblichen Mengen von 2 bis 20% zugegeben werden. Surprisingly, this can be achieved by simply adding calcium chloride in an amount of at least 0.1% of the cellulose fiber together with usual Fire protection agents such as boric acid, borax, aluminum sulfate, ammonium sulfate or -phosphate, which are added in usual amounts of 2 to 20%.
Die Wirkung der erfindungsgemäßen Calciumchloridzusätze ist nicht endgültig geklärt. Es wird jedoch angenommen, daß das Calciumchlorid für eine bessere Anbindung der üblicherweise pulvrigen Brandschutzmittel an die Fasern sorgt, da Calciumchlorid als leicht hygroskopische Substanz zusammen mit der Luftfeuch tigkeit eine leichte Anlösung der sonstigen Brandschutzmittel bewirkt, so daß diese besser an die Fasern ankleben. Die üblichen Verluste durch Entmischung bei der Verarbeitung, insbesondere bei der Entstaubung von Papier und Fasern, durch die größere Mengen des Brandschutzmittels verloren gehen, wird insoweit vermieden.The effect of the calcium chloride additives according to the invention is not final clarified. However, it is believed that the calcium chloride is for better Connection of the usually powdery fire protection agents to the fibers ensures that Calcium chloride as a slightly hygroscopic substance together with the air humidity action causes a slight dissolving of the other fire protection agents, so that better stick them to the fibers. The usual losses due to segregation in processing, especially in the dedusting of paper and fibers, through the larger amounts of fire retardant are lost avoided.
Calciumchlorid selbst trägt auch etwas zum Brandschutz bei, obwohl die verwen deten Mengen von üblicherweise 0,1-1% insoweit kaum eine Wirkung haben. Als Brandschutzmittel selbst ist Calciumchlorid gegenüber sonstigen Verbindungen wie Borax, Borsäure, etc. wesentlich weniger wirksam.Calcium chloride itself also contributes to fire protection, although they are used amounts of usually 0.1-1% have hardly any effect. As Fire protection itself is calcium chloride compared to other compounds such as borax, boric acid, etc. much less effective.
Ein weiterer Mechanismus scheint darin zu liegen, daß bei der Brandentstehung die in den Dämmstoffen enthaltenen Brandschutzmittel schmelzen und in ge schmolzenem Zustand zu größeren Tropfen koagulieren, wodurch die gleichmä ßige Verteilung des Brandschutzmittels über die Oberfläche des Dämmstoffs ver ringert wird. Calciumchlorid verringert in den angegebenen Mengen die Oberflä chenspannung der geschmolzenen Brandschutzsalze und verbessert dadurch deren Fließeigenschaften, so daß diese sich gleichmäßiger über die Faser vertei len können.Another mechanism seems to be that fire starts the fire retardants contained in the insulation melt and melt in ge coagulate molten state to larger drops, which the even ver distribution of the fire protection agent over the surface of the insulating material is wrestled. Calcium chloride reduces the surface in the specified amounts voltage of the molten fire protection salts and thereby improves their flow properties so that they are distributed more evenly over the fiber len.
Die Imprägnierung mit Calciumchlorid bewirkt außerdem, daß die Freisetzung des Kristallwassers aus den Brandschutzsalzen verzögert wird. Wenn bei üblichen Rezepturen das Kristallwasser schon bei Erhitzen unterhalb des Siedepunkts, z. B. in der Brandausbreitungsphase verdampft, ist die dem Kristallwasser zuzurech nende Kühlwirkung aufgezehrt, bevor die Flamme den Dämmstoff erreicht. Die Verzögerung durch die Zumischung von Calciumchlorid bewirkt, daß zu diesem Zeitpunkt noch Kristallwasser vorhanden ist, das dem Verbrennungsprozeß Wärme entzieht und damit die Brandweiterleitung behindert.The impregnation with calcium chloride also causes the release of the Crystal water from the fire protection salts is delayed. If at usual Recipes the crystal water already when heated below the boiling point, e.g. B. evaporated in the fire propagation phase, is to be attributed to the crystal water cooling effect is consumed before the flame reaches the insulation. The Delay due to the addition of calcium chloride causes this At the time, crystal water is still present, which is the incineration process Extracts heat and thus hinders the spread of fire.
Zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Dämm-Materials hat es sich als vorteil haft erwiesen, zunächst die Zellulosefasern möglichst homogen mit den Brand schutzmitteln, wie z. B. Borax, Borsäure, Aluminiumsulfat, Ammoniumsulfat etc., zu vermischen. Dies kann nach den im Stand der Technik bekannten Methoden, beispielsweise durch Zumischung der Brandschutzstoffe beim Auffasern des Alt papiers in Hammermühlen etc. als trockenes Pulver erfolgen oder durch Aufsprü hen von möglichst konzentrierten wäßrigen Lösungen der Brandschutzmittel auf die bereits zerkleinerten Fasern, wodurch im Allgemeinen so wenig Feuchtigkeit zugeführt wird, daß eine aufwendige Trocknung sich erübrigt.It has proven to be advantageous for the production of the insulation material according to the invention proven, first the cellulose fibers as homogeneous as possible with the fire protective agents such as B. borax, boric acid, aluminum sulfate, ammonium sulfate etc., to mix. This can be done according to the methods known in the prior art, for example by adding the fire protection materials when the old is unraveled paper in hammer mills etc. as dry powder or by spraying hen concentrated as possible aqueous solutions of fire protection agents the already shredded fibers, which generally means so little moisture is supplied that a complex drying is unnecessary.
Das Calciumchlorid wird vorzugsweise nach Vermischung der Brandschutzmittel zugefügt, wobei wiederum entweder eine Einarbeitung als feines, trockenes Pul ver möglich ist, wobei die in der Zellulose enthaltene Feuchtigkeit für eine Anbin dung an die Fasern sorgt oder wiederum durch Aufsprühen von konzentrierten wäßrigen Lösungen des Calciumchlorids auf die Zellulosefasern. Da das Produkt unmittelbar nach dem Aufsprühen klebrig erscheint und daher an den Apparate wandungen und Rühreinrichtungen haftet, hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, die Fasern im freien Fall durch einen Schacht fallen zu lassen und während des freien Flugs durch umseitig angeordnete, fein zerstäubende Düsen mit der Calciumchlo ridlösung zu benetzen. Das benetzte Material fällt dann in einen entsprechenden Zwischenbehälter, in dem nach kurzer Zeit die saugfähigen organischen Fasern die geringe Feuchtigkeit absorbiert haben und die Klebrigkeit der Fasern nachläßt, so daß sie bequem weiterverarbeitet werden können. The calcium chloride is preferably after mixing the fire retardants added, again incorporating either a fine, dry pul ver is possible, the moisture contained in the cellulose for a tannin to the fibers or in turn by spraying concentrated aqueous solutions of calcium chloride on the cellulose fibers. Because the product appears sticky immediately after spraying and therefore on the apparatus walls and stirrers, it has proven to be advantageous Dropping fibers through a duct in free fall and during free fall Fly through the finely atomizing nozzles with the Calciumchlo to wet rid solution. The wetted material then falls into a corresponding one Intermediate container in which the absorbent organic fibers after a short time which have absorbed low moisture and the stickiness of the fibers decreases, so that they can be easily processed.
Alternativ ist es auch möglich, zunächst die Zellulosefasern mit einer Calcium chloridlösung zu besprühen und nach einer kurzen Reifephase zum Abbau der Klebrigkeit, die übrigen Brandschutzmittel als trockene Pulver zuzumischen. Durch die verbleibende Klebrigkeit der Calciumchloridlösung auf der Faser wer den die trockenen Pulver einfach und fest gebunden, wobei die Anbindung über wiegend in der zur Zerkleinerung und Auffaserung genutzen Mühlen erfolgt und damit mechanisch unterstützt wird.Alternatively, it is also possible to first of all the cellulose fibers with a calcium spray chloride solution and after a short ripening phase to break down the Stickiness to mix the other fire protection agents as dry powder. Because of the remaining stickiness of the calcium chloride solution on the fiber The dry powder is bound simply and firmly, with the connection via mainly takes place in the mills used for comminution and fiberization and so that mechanical support is provided.
Die so vorbereiteten Zellulosedämmfasern können entweder in dieser Form direkt zum Hinterfüllen von Hohlräumen eingesetzt werden oder in an sich bekannter Weise zu Faserdämmplatten weiterverarbeitet werden.The cellulose insulation fibers prepared in this way can either be in this form directly be used for backfilling cavities or in a known manner Way to be processed into fiber insulation panels.
Die erfindungsgemäßen schwer entflammbaren Zellulosedämmstoffe sind auf Grund ihres Brandverhaltens in die Brandschutzklasse B1 einzuordnen und somit überraschenderweise wesentlich schwerer entflammbar als die nach dem Stand der Technik bekannten Zellulosedämmstoffe. In der folgenden Tabelle ist das Brandschutzverhalten erfindungsgemäßer Zellulosedämmstoffe mit Zellulose dämmstoffen gemäß dem Stand der Technik verglichen, welche nur Borat in verschiedenen Konzentrationen als Flammschutzmittel enthalten.The flame-retardant cellulose insulation materials according to the invention are on Due to their fire behavior to be classified in fire protection class B1 and thus Surprisingly much more flammable than that according to the state the cellulose insulation materials known in the art. This is in the table below Fire protection behavior of cellulose insulation materials according to the invention with cellulose Insulating materials according to the prior art, which only borate in contain various concentrations as flame retardants.
Zur Herstellung der Platten wird in einer Hammermühle aufgefasertes Altpapier mit Dinatriumtetraborat (Borax) in Pulverform in den angegebenen Konzentra tionen gemischt, in Zyklon entstaubt und verpackt. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Rezeptur wird die Mischung aus Papierfasern und Borax noch mit einer gesättig ten Calciumlösung in Wasser in einer Menge von 0,5 Gew.-% CaCl₂ bezogen auf das Rohgewicht besprüht und danach in gleicher Weise verarbeitet. Waste paper is fibred in a hammer mill to produce the plates with disodium tetraborate (borax) in powder form in the specified concentration mixed, dusted in cyclone and packed. In the case of the invention The mixture of paper fibers and borax is still saturated with a recipe ten calcium solution in water in an amount of 0.5 wt .-% CaCl₂ based on sprayed the raw weight and then processed in the same way.
Für die Untersuchung werden Prüfkörper am Drahtgitter mit dem Dämmstoff befüllt und analog zur DIN 4102, Teil 1, Nr. 6.1 (Prüfung im Brandschacht) getestet. Zur Anwendung kam der "Small Scale Smouldering and Combination Test" der United Laboratories of Canada, der erfahrungsgemäß übertragbare Resultate bringt.For the investigation, test specimens are attached to the wire mesh with the insulation material filled and analogous to DIN 4102, Part 1, No. 6.1 (test in the fire shaft) tested. The "Small Scale Smouldering and Combination" was used Test "of the United Laboratories of Canada, the experience transferable Brings results.
Die folgende Tabelle gibt die Zusammensetzung und die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung wieder.The following table gives the composition and the results of these Investigation again.
Besonders bedeutsam ist in diesem Zusammenhang die "Restlänge", d. h. der Teil der Probekörper, der weder an der Oberfläche noch im Inneren verbrannt oder verkohlt ist. Die Restlänge muß für schwer entflammbare Materialien über 15% liegen, was nur von der erfindungsgemäßen Platte erreicht wird.In this context, the "remaining length", ie. H. the part the specimen that has not burned on the surface or inside or is charred. The remaining length must be over 15% for flame retardant materials lie, which is only achieved by the plate according to the invention.
Claims (5)
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DE1996118444 DE19618444A1 (en) | 1996-05-08 | 1996-05-08 | Hardly flammable cellulose loose fibre |
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DE1996118444 DE19618444A1 (en) | 1996-05-08 | 1996-05-08 | Hardly flammable cellulose loose fibre |
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Cited By (10)
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DE19748751A1 (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 1999-05-06 | Bretscher Martha | Heat insulation material suitable for wall cavities |
DE10018726A1 (en) * | 2000-04-15 | 2001-10-31 | Harald Pohl | Manufacturing synthetic wood material involves dry sifting, wet sifting in foam bed sifter, reduction in moist state, drying, mixing/kneading with biodegradable agent, shaping, hardening |
US7615269B2 (en) * | 2002-04-15 | 2009-11-10 | Multisorb Technologies, Inc. | Adsorbent compositions |
DE102008059770A1 (en) | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-02 | Felix Schoeller Jr. Foto- Und Spezialpapiere Gmbh & Co. Kg | Composite material, method for producing a shaped article and use of the composite material |
WO2011033311A3 (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-05-05 | Peter Hammond | Improved materials |
WO2011107476A3 (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2011-12-01 | Reculiner Bvba | Method for recycling sheet material coated with a release agent and uses of the thus recycled material |
EP2514731A1 (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2012-10-24 | Knauf Insulation | Wood wool lightweight construction element |
DE102014110002A1 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2016-01-21 | Manoochehr Shafaei | Flame or fire retardant and its preparation and use |
DE102015119558A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-18 | Fernando Tahmouresinia | Flame or fire retardant and its preparation and use |
EP3323576B1 (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2022-01-26 | GUTEX Holzfaserplattenwerk H. Henselmann GmbH + Co KG | Method for the preparation of fire-retardant insulating panels/mats on the basis of renewable resources |
Citations (1)
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DE19516186A1 (en) * | 1995-05-05 | 1996-11-07 | Willoc Holding B V | Fire resistant insulating material based on natural prods. |
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- 1996-05-08 DE DE1996118444 patent/DE19618444A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
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DE19516186A1 (en) * | 1995-05-05 | 1996-11-07 | Willoc Holding B V | Fire resistant insulating material based on natural prods. |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE19748751A1 (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 1999-05-06 | Bretscher Martha | Heat insulation material suitable for wall cavities |
EP0967188A1 (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 1999-12-29 | Ralf Bretscher | Insulating material from waste paper |
DE10018726A1 (en) * | 2000-04-15 | 2001-10-31 | Harald Pohl | Manufacturing synthetic wood material involves dry sifting, wet sifting in foam bed sifter, reduction in moist state, drying, mixing/kneading with biodegradable agent, shaping, hardening |
DE10018726B4 (en) * | 2000-04-15 | 2005-03-17 | Harald Pohl | Method and device for producing a wood substitute |
US7615269B2 (en) * | 2002-04-15 | 2009-11-10 | Multisorb Technologies, Inc. | Adsorbent compositions |
DE102008059770A1 (en) | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-02 | Felix Schoeller Jr. Foto- Und Spezialpapiere Gmbh & Co. Kg | Composite material, method for producing a shaped article and use of the composite material |
WO2011033311A3 (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-05-05 | Peter Hammond | Improved materials |
US9446985B2 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2016-09-20 | Ccm Research Limited | Method of treating cellulose material with CO2 or source thereof |
WO2011107476A3 (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2011-12-01 | Reculiner Bvba | Method for recycling sheet material coated with a release agent and uses of the thus recycled material |
EP2514731A1 (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2012-10-24 | Knauf Insulation | Wood wool lightweight construction element |
DE102011018301A1 (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2012-10-25 | KNAUF INSULATION, sprl | Wood wool lightweight component |
DE102014110002A1 (en) | 2014-07-16 | 2016-01-21 | Manoochehr Shafaei | Flame or fire retardant and its preparation and use |
DE102015119558A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-18 | Fernando Tahmouresinia | Flame or fire retardant and its preparation and use |
WO2017081240A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-18 | Fernando Tahmouresinia | Flame or fire retarding agents and their manufacture and use |
EP3323576B1 (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2022-01-26 | GUTEX Holzfaserplattenwerk H. Henselmann GmbH + Co KG | Method for the preparation of fire-retardant insulating panels/mats on the basis of renewable resources |
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