DE19502820A1 - IC engine with adjustable stroke - Google Patents

IC engine with adjustable stroke

Info

Publication number
DE19502820A1
DE19502820A1 DE19502820A DE19502820A DE19502820A1 DE 19502820 A1 DE19502820 A1 DE 19502820A1 DE 19502820 A DE19502820 A DE 19502820A DE 19502820 A DE19502820 A DE 19502820A DE 19502820 A1 DE19502820 A1 DE 19502820A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
lever
internal combustion
engine
combustion engine
flywheel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19502820A
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WRONNA WERNER DIPL ING
Original Assignee
WRONNA WERNER DIPL ING
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WRONNA WERNER DIPL ING filed Critical WRONNA WERNER DIPL ING
Priority to DE19502820A priority Critical patent/DE19502820A1/en
Publication of DE19502820A1 publication Critical patent/DE19502820A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
    • F02B75/047—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads by means of variable crankshaft position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B9/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups
    • F01B9/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft
    • F01B9/047—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding groups with rotary main shaft other than crankshaft with rack and pinion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C7/00—Connecting-rods or like links pivoted at both ends; Construction of connecting-rod heads
    • F16C7/06—Adjustable connecting-rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/22—Internal combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C7/00—Connecting-rods or like links pivoted at both ends; Construction of connecting-rod heads
    • F16C7/04—Connecting-rods or like links pivoted at both ends; Construction of connecting-rod heads with elastic intermediate part of fluid cushion

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The piston stroke of the IC engine may be adjusted while it is running. The lever (4) is mounted on the shaft (3) on the opposite side to the connecting rods (1), and at right angles to the double-armed levers (2). This is adjusted by a hydraulic motor (12) via a worm gear and a spindle (6). It is coupled by a crank rod (7) to a flywheel (8), which is at right angles (B) to the vertical centre line of the shaft.

Description

Die im Patentanspruch 2 beschriebene Schwungmasse (11, Fig. 1) bewirkt keinen gleichmäßigen Gang des Verbrennungsmotors, da die kinetische Energie dieser Schwungmasse in den Totlagen der Kolben Null ist und die Schwungmasse (15, Fig. 1) durch das Freilaufgetriebe (4, 5, Fig. 1) keine Wirkung auf den Verbrennungsmotor hat.The flywheel ( 11 , Fig. 1) described in claim 2 does not cause the internal combustion engine to run smoothly, since the kinetic energy of this flywheel is zero in the dead positions of the pistons and the flywheel mass ( 15 , Fig. 1) through the freewheel gear ( 4 , 5th , Fig. 1) has no effect on the internal combustion engine.

Ferner ist die im Patentanspruch 3 beschriebene Umwandlung der hin- und hergehenden Bewegung der zweiarmigen Hebel mittels Freilaufgetriebe (4, 5, Fig. 1) und Kardanwelle (14, Fig. 1) aufwendig und verschleißanfällig.Furthermore, the conversion of the reciprocating movement of the two-armed lever by means of a freewheel gear ( 4 , 5 , Fig. 1) and cardan shaft ( 14 , Fig. 1) described in claim 3 is complex and prone to wear.

Diese Probleme werden durch die im Patentanspruch des Zusatz­ patents beschriebene Erfindung gelöst.These problems are caused by the additive in the claim Patent described invention solved.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel ist in der Zeichnung (Fig. 2) dargestellt und wird im folgenden beschrieben.An embodiment is shown in the drawing ( Fig. 2) and is described below.

An der Achse (3) bzw. an den zweiseitigen Hebeln (2) ist ein Hebel (4) im rechten Winkel (α) angeordnet.A lever ( 4 ) is arranged at a right angle (α) on the axis ( 3 ) or on the two-sided levers ( 2 ).

Die am Hebel (4) angeordnete Führung (10) ist mit einem Gewinde (11) für die Spindel (6) und einem Zapfen (13) für die Schubstange (7) versehen.The guide ( 10 ) arranged on the lever ( 4 ) is provided with a thread ( 11 ) for the spindle ( 6 ) and a pin ( 13 ) for the push rod ( 7 ).

Am zweiarmigen Hebel (2) ist die Lagerung (3) der Spindel (6) befestigt.The bearing ( 3 ) of the spindle ( 6 ) is attached to the two-armed lever ( 2 ).

Über den zweiarmigen Hebeln befindet sich der Hydromotor (12) mit dem Schneckengetriebe (5).The hydraulic motor ( 12 ) with the worm gear ( 5 ) is located above the two-armed levers.

Die Schwungscheibe (8) ist so angeordnet, daß sich ihre waagerechte Mittelachse auf der Höhe der Mittelachse des Zapfens (13) befindet,wenn dieser auf der senkrechten Mittellinie der Achse (3) liegt (β=90°) und die Achse (3) von der hydraulischen Hubvorrichtung (8, Fig. 1) sowie die Führung (10) vom Hydromotor (12) in die mittlere Lage des Verstellbereiches zwischen Leerlauf und Vollast des Verbrennungsmotors gestellt sind. The flywheel ( 8 ) is arranged so that its horizontal central axis is at the height of the central axis of the pin ( 13 ) when it is on the vertical center line of the axis ( 3 ) (β = 90 °) and the axis ( 3 ) from the hydraulic lifting device ( 8 , FIG. 1) and the guide ( 10 ) from the hydraulic motor ( 12 ) are placed in the middle position of the adjustment range between idling and full load of the internal combustion engine.

Bei dieser Anordnung der Schwungscheibe und ausreichend langer Schubstange (7) sowie geeigneter Wahl der Proportion der Hebellänge (a) zur Länge der zweiseitigen Hebel (2) verändert sich die Lage der Mittellinie des Ausschlages des Zapfens (13) während der Verstellung des Kolbenhubes und Verdichtungsraumes nur um tausendstel Millimeter.With this arrangement of the flywheel and a sufficiently long push rod ( 7 ) and a suitable choice of the proportion of the lever length (a) to the length of the two-sided lever ( 2 ), the position of the center line of the deflection of the pin ( 13 ) changes during the adjustment of the piston stroke and compression space only by a thousandth of a millimeter.

Die Spindel (6) mit dem Schneckengetriebe (5) und dem Hydromotor (12) dient zur Veränderung der Hebellänge (a).The spindle ( 6 ) with the worm gear ( 5 ) and the hydraulic motor ( 12 ) serves to change the lever length (a).

Der Hydromotor (12) und die hydraulische Hubvorrichtung (8, Fig. 1) zur Verstellung der Platte (6, Fig. 1) samt zweiseitiger Hebel (2), Pleuel und Kolben werden zusammen in Abhängigkeit von der zugeführten Kraftstoffdosis und der Belastung des Verbrennungsmotors, z. B. dem Druck in der hydraulischen Hubvorrichtung (8 Fig. 1), gesteuert.The hydraulic motor ( 12 ) and the hydraulic lifting device ( 8 , Fig. 1) for adjusting the plate ( 6 , Fig. 1) together with two-sided lever ( 2 ), connecting rod and piston are together depending on the fuel dose supplied and the load on the internal combustion engine , e.g. B. the pressure in the hydraulic lifting device ( 8 Fig. 1), controlled.

Bei zunehmender Kraftstoffdosis und zunehmendem Druck in der hydraulischen Hubvorrichtung (8, Fig. 1), d. h. zunehmende Belastung des Verbrennungsmotors, werden die zweiseitigen Hebel (2) samt Pleuel (1) und Kolben mittels der hydraulischen Hubvorrichtung (8, Fig. 1) abgesenkt, d. h. Vergrößerung des Verdichtungsraumes. Gleichzeitig wird die Hebellänge (a, Fig. 2) mittels Hydromotor (12), Schneckengetriebe (5) und Spindel (6) verkürzt, d. h. Vergrößerung des Kolbenhubes.With increasing fuel dose and increasing pressure in the hydraulic lifting device ( 8 , Fig. 1), ie increasing load on the internal combustion engine, the two-sided lever ( 2 ) together with the connecting rod ( 1 ) and piston are lowered by means of the hydraulic lifting device ( 8 , Fig. 1) , ie enlargement of the compression space. At the same time, the lever length (a, Fig. 2) is shortened by means of a hydraulic motor ( 12 ), worm gear ( 5 ) and spindle ( 6 ), ie an increase in the piston stroke.

Damit ist auch ein konstantes Verdichtungsverhältnis gewährleistet.This is also a constant compression ratio guaranteed.

Bei Verringerung des Verdichtungsraumes und des Kolbenhubes bei abnehmender Belastung des Verbrennungsmotors laufen die gleichen Vorgänge in umgekehrter Richtung ab.When reducing the compression space and the piston stroke at decreasing load on the internal combustion engine run the same Operations in the opposite direction.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen darin, daß das Kurbelgetriebe mit der Schwungscheibe (8) einen gleichmäßigen Gang des Verbrennungsmotors, das Überwinden der Totlagen der Kolben und das Umwandeln der hin- und hergehenden Bewegung der zweiseitigen Hebel (3) in eine Drehbewegung bewirkt.The advantages achieved by the invention are that the crank mechanism with the flywheel ( 8 ) causes a smooth gear of the internal combustion engine, overcoming the dead positions of the pistons and converting the reciprocating movement of the two-sided lever ( 3 ) into a rotary movement.

Die Mindestanzahl der Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors nach Patentanspruch 1 kann kleiner als vier sein.The minimum number of cylinders of the internal combustion engine according to Claim 1 can be less than four.

Es besteht die Möglichkeit, das Verdichtungsverhältnis zu verstellen. There is a possibility to increase the compression ratio adjust.  

Damit eignet sich der Verbrennungsmotor dieser Erfindung auch für Kraftstoffe verschiedener Klopffestigkeit.The internal combustion engine of this invention is therefore also suitable for fuels of different knock resistance.

Nachlassender Kompression infolge Verschleiß kann durch die Verstellbarkeit des Verdichtungsverhältnisses entgegengewirkt werden.Decreasing compression due to wear can be caused by the Adjustability of the compression ratio counteracted will.

Beim Abbremsen eines Fahrzeuges mit dem Motor kann die Bremswirkung durch Verstellen des Kolbenhubes und des Verdichtungsverhältnisses beeinflußt werden.When braking a vehicle with the engine, the Braking effect by adjusting the piston stroke and Compression ratio can be influenced.

Durch die Verkürzung der Hebellänge (a) bei zunehmender Belastung des Verbrennungsmotors nimmt nicht nur das Drehmoment der Achse (3) zu, sondern auch die Kraft am Zapfen (13) nimmt zusätzlich um den Faktor zu, um den die Hebellänge (a) im Verhältnis zur halben Länge des zweiseitigen Hebels (2) kleiner wurde.By shortening the lever length (a) with increasing load on the internal combustion engine, not only does the torque of the axle ( 3 ) increase, but also the force on the pin ( 13 ) also increases by the factor by which the lever length (a) in proportion became half the length of the two-sided lever ( 2 ).

Das macht das Herunterschalten der Getriebegänge von Fahrzeugen bei Straßensteigungen seltener erforderlich.That makes the downshifting of the gearboxes of vehicles rarely required on road gradients.

Prinzipiell ist es auch möglich, zwei Verbrennungsmotore üblicher Bauart mittels der zweiseitigen Hebel zu einer Kraftmaschine zu verbinden.In principle, it is also possible to have two internal combustion engines usual design by means of the two-sided lever to one Connect engine.

Bei Anwendung der Erfindung als Kompressor oder Pumpe kann durch die Veränderung des Kolbenhubes die Fördermenge verändert und bei Druckänderung kann der Kompressor bzw. die Pumpe an die Leistung des Antriebsmotors angepaßt werden.When using the invention as a compressor or pump can by the change in the piston stroke changes the delivery rate and when the pressure changes, the compressor or the pump can be connected to the Power of the drive motor can be adjusted.

Claims (1)

Verbrennungsmotor mit verstellbarem Hub- und Verdichtungsraum nach Patentanmeldung P 44 44 555.5 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an die Achse (3, Fig. 1), gegenüber den Pleuelstangen (1), im rechten Winkel (α, Fig. 2) zu den zweiseitigen Hebeln (2), ein Hebel (4, Fig. 2) angebracht wird, der mittels eines Hydromotors (12) angetriebenen Schneckengetriebes (5) und einer Spindel (6) verstellt werden kann und über eine Kurbelstange (7) mit einer Schwungscheibe (8) verbunden ist, die im rechten Winkel (β) zur senkrechten Mittellinie der Achse (3) angeordnet ist.Internal combustion engine with adjustable displacement and compression space according to patent application P 44 44 555.5, characterized in that on the axis ( 3 , Fig. 1), opposite the connecting rods ( 1 ), at a right angle (α, Fig. 2) to the two-sided levers ( 2 ), a lever ( 4 , Fig. 2) is attached, which can be adjusted by means of a hydraulic motor ( 12 ) driven worm gear ( 5 ) and a spindle ( 6 ) and connected to a flywheel ( 8 ) via a crank rod ( 7 ) is arranged at a right angle (β) to the vertical center line of the axis ( 3 ).
DE19502820A 1994-12-01 1995-01-30 IC engine with adjustable stroke Ceased DE19502820A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19502820A DE19502820A1 (en) 1994-12-01 1995-01-30 IC engine with adjustable stroke

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4444555A DE4444555A1 (en) 1994-12-01 1994-12-01 Four-stroke reciprocating IC engine
DE19502820A DE19502820A1 (en) 1994-12-01 1995-01-30 IC engine with adjustable stroke

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE19502820A1 true DE19502820A1 (en) 1996-08-22

Family

ID=6535811

Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE4444555A Withdrawn DE4444555A1 (en) 1994-12-01 1994-12-01 Four-stroke reciprocating IC engine
DE19502820A Ceased DE19502820A1 (en) 1994-12-01 1995-01-30 IC engine with adjustable stroke
DE19544989A Ceased DE19544989A1 (en) 1994-12-01 1995-11-30 Automobile IC engine arrangement
DE19606622A Ceased DE19606622A1 (en) 1994-12-01 1996-02-22 Reciprocating combustion engine with adjustable-length connecting rod

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE4444555A Withdrawn DE4444555A1 (en) 1994-12-01 1994-12-01 Four-stroke reciprocating IC engine

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19544989A Ceased DE19544989A1 (en) 1994-12-01 1995-11-30 Automobile IC engine arrangement
DE19606622A Ceased DE19606622A1 (en) 1994-12-01 1996-02-22 Reciprocating combustion engine with adjustable-length connecting rod

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (4) DE4444555A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001040641A1 (en) 1999-11-30 2001-06-07 Michel Marchisseau Method and device for modifying compression rate to optimize operating conditions of reciprocating piston engines
FR2801932A1 (en) * 1999-11-10 2001-06-08 Michel Alain Leon Marchisseau I.c. engine has compression ratio varied by adjusting position of cams on crankshaft bearing journal
WO2012021116A1 (en) * 2010-08-09 2012-02-16 Ivanchuk Viktor Aleksandrovich Piston and connecting rod type internal combustion engine

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19944669A1 (en) * 1999-09-17 2001-03-22 Volkswagen Ag Device and method for changing the compression of a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine
US6394048B1 (en) * 2001-01-16 2002-05-28 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Variable compression ratio internal combustion engine using field-sensitive fluid
US6394047B1 (en) * 2001-08-10 2002-05-28 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Connecting rod for a variable compression engine
US6668768B2 (en) * 2001-11-15 2003-12-30 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Variable compression ratio engine
WO2007115562A2 (en) 2006-04-11 2007-10-18 Eccing Expertenteams Gmbh I.G. Reciprocating-piston engine
DE102008046426A1 (en) * 2008-09-09 2010-03-11 Schaeffler Kg Compression ratio changing arrangement for combustion engine i.e. Otto engine, has spring unit partially absorbing gas and mass forces acting at positioning device during operation of engine in relation to actuating device
DE102009042885B3 (en) * 2009-09-24 2010-09-09 Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr Expansion engine for use as e.g. internal combustion engine, has piston axially moving in cylinder and connected with swinging arm by connection rod, and free-wheel clutch converting linear shearing force of piston into rotational moment
WO2013006892A1 (en) * 2011-07-13 2013-01-17 The University Of Southern Queensland Variable length connecting rod
CN103670729B (en) * 2013-12-24 2015-11-25 重庆交通大学 Variable linkage type VCR engine link mechanism
CN104061228A (en) * 2014-06-12 2014-09-24 王立华 Engine connecting rod mechanism with variable compression ratio
FR3043720B1 (en) 2015-11-17 2019-11-08 MCE 5 Development VARIABLE VOLUMETRIC RATIO ENGINE
DE102017100024B3 (en) 2017-01-02 2018-05-24 Hochschule Heilbronn Technik, Wirtschaft, Informatik Centrifugal force compensated switching valve
CN108533606B (en) * 2018-06-21 2019-12-20 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 Engine connecting rod with variable length

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE164819C (en) * 1904-08-02 1905-11-16

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB274445A (en) * 1926-07-15 1928-12-31 Anthony George Maldon Michell Improvements in or relating to means for and a method of regulating internal combustion engines
DE3601528A1 (en) * 1986-01-20 1987-07-23 Wolfgang Schwarz Internal combustion piston engine, in-line engine with variable compression ratio
FR2653826B1 (en) * 1989-10-31 1994-09-16 Bernard Condamin VARIABLE VOLUMETRIC RATIO ENGINE.
DE4120822A1 (en) * 1991-06-24 1993-01-07 Martin Schmidt Engine crankshaft misalignment control support - has hydraulic thruster coupled by levers to cylinder block and crankcase

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE164819C (en) * 1904-08-02 1905-11-16

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2801932A1 (en) * 1999-11-10 2001-06-08 Michel Alain Leon Marchisseau I.c. engine has compression ratio varied by adjusting position of cams on crankshaft bearing journal
WO2001040641A1 (en) 1999-11-30 2001-06-07 Michel Marchisseau Method and device for modifying compression rate to optimize operating conditions of reciprocating piston engines
WO2012021116A1 (en) * 2010-08-09 2012-02-16 Ivanchuk Viktor Aleksandrovich Piston and connecting rod type internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4444555A1 (en) 1996-06-05
DE19544989A1 (en) 1997-06-05
DE19606622A1 (en) 1997-08-28

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