DE1784483C3 - Erosion-preventing component - Google Patents
Erosion-preventing componentInfo
- Publication number
- DE1784483C3 DE1784483C3 DE1784483A DE1784483A DE1784483C3 DE 1784483 C3 DE1784483 C3 DE 1784483C3 DE 1784483 A DE1784483 A DE 1784483A DE 1784483 A DE1784483 A DE 1784483A DE 1784483 C3 DE1784483 C3 DE 1784483C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- erosion
- fleece
- fibers
- preventing component
- needled
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G20/20—Cultivation on mats
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/10—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer reinforced with filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
- D04H1/4291—Olefin series
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/4334—Polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/435—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/126—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of bituminous material or synthetic resins
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
Es ist bekannt, Gewebe aus synthetischen Fasern zur Verfestigung von Dämmen und Wänden von Wasserbecken bzw. Behältern zu verwenden. Bei größeren Objekten kommt jedoch die Verwendung von textlien Geweben als erosions verhinderndes bzw. verfestigendes Element aus wirtschaftlichen oder funktioneilen Gründen nicht in Frage.It is known to use synthetic fiber fabrics for strengthening dams and walls of water basins or containers to be used. Textlien are used for larger objects Fabrics as an erosion-preventing or strengthening element made from economic or functional components Reasons out of the question.
Es ist auch bereits aus der deutschen Gebrauchsmusterschrift 19 88 181 bekannt, für den gleichen Zweck mattenförmige lockere Flore aus Kunststoffasern zu verwenden, die durch einen wasser- und chemikalienbestänJigen Binder gebunden sind. Auch diese Matten haben sich im Gebrauch als nicht optimal erwiesen, da sie im Hinblick auf ihre Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen mechanische Beanspruchungen nicht immer ausreichen.It is already known from the German utility model 19 88 181 for the same purpose To use mat-shaped, loose piles made of synthetic fibers, which are water- and chemical-resistant Binders are tied. These mats have also proven to be suboptimal in use, since they are not always sufficient in terms of their resistance to mechanical stresses.
Es bestand daher die Aufgabe, ein erosionsverhinderndes Bauelement in Form eines durch einen chemikalienbeständigen Binder verfestigten Faservlieses zu schaffen, das sowohl allen mechanischen Beanspruchungen gewachsen ist, denen ein solches Bauelement in der Praxis ausgesetzt wird, als auch die gewünschte Filterwirkung zeigt und sich dennoch den Unebenheiten des Untergrundes gut anpaßt.It was therefore the task of an erosion-preventing component in the form of a chemical-resistant binder to create solidified non-woven fabric, both all mechanical The stresses to which such a component is exposed in practice, as well as the shows the desired filter effect and still adapts well to the unevenness of the subsurface.
Diese Aufgabe wurde dadurch gelöst, daß das Faservlies aus gekräuselten oder gewendelten Synthese-Stapelfasern mit einem Durchmesser von mindestens 0,06 mm besteht, die miteinander vernadelt sind, wobei das Vlies eine Dicke von mindestens 3 mm aufweist.This object was achieved in that the fiber fleece is made of crimped or coiled synthetic staple fibers with a diameter of at least 0.06 mm, which are needled together, wherein the fleece has a thickness of at least 3 mm.
Die erfindungsgemäßen erosionsverhindernden Bauelemente lassen sich hervorragend verwenden zur Befestigung von Deichen, Ufern, Stränden, Dämmen, Böschungen, von Flußläufen und Kanälen. Durch ihre räumliche Form entsteht die gewünschte Filterwirkung, wobei zusätzlich durch die plastischen und elastischen Eigenschaften der Vliesbahn, die im wesentlichen auf die spezielle Art der Fasern und deren Verbindung zum Vlies zurückzuführen sind, eine Anpassung an den Untergrund erleichtert wird, so daß Unterspülungen und Rutschungen des Bodens verhindert werden.The erosion-preventing components according to the invention can be used excellently for Fortification of dikes, banks, beaches, dams, embankments, rivers and canals. Through her spatial shape creates the desired filter effect, with additional plastic and elastic Properties of the nonwoven web, which essentially depend on the special type of fibers and their connection to the Fleece are due, an adaptation to the subsurface is facilitated, so that underwashing and landslides are prevented.
Die Vliesbahn besteht demnach aus auf LängeThe fleece web therefore consists of lengthways
to geschnittenen, gekräuselten oder auch gewendelten Fasern mit Einzeldurchmessern von 0,06 mm aufwärts. Durch die Dicke der Fasern und ihre Kräuselung lassen sich auf Vlieslegemaschinen sehr voluminöse, d. h. sehr viel Luft einschließende Vliese herstellen, die zugleich fäulnis- und verrottungsbeständig sind. Zur Festlegung der Faserkreuzungs- und Faserberührungspunkte werden vliesverfestigende Binder aufgebracht Als synthetische Fasern werden solche aus Celluloseestern, Polyamiden, Polyestern, Polyacrylnitrilen, Polyolefinento cut, crimped or coiled fibers with individual diameters of 0.06 mm and up. Due to the thickness of the fibers and their crimping, very voluminous, i.e. H. very Produce a lot of air enclosing nonwovens that at the same time rot and rot are resistant. To determine the fiber crossing and fiber contact points Fleece-strengthening binders applied Synthetic fibers are those made from cellulose esters, Polyamides, polyesters, polyacrylonitriles, polyolefins
und deren Copolymerisaten bzw. Pfropfpolymerisaten verwendet.and their copolymers or graft polymers are used.
Die Verfestigung der Vliese als solche geschieht einerseits durch das an sich bekannte Verfahren des Vernadelns, wobei auch Gewebe, Gewirke, Fadengelege oder Fäden mit eingenadelt werden können. Diese Vernadelung unterstützt in ihrer Wirkung die Verfestigung durch den Binder. Die verstärkenden Gewebe, Gewirke usw. können auch durch Verkleben oder Verschweißen mit dem Vlies verbunden werden.The solidification of the nonwovens as such takes place on the one hand by the method known per se Needling, whereby woven, knitted fabrics, scrims or threads can also be needled. These Needling supports the consolidation through the binder. The reinforcing fabrics, Knitted fabrics etc. can also be connected to the fleece by gluing or welding.
Diese voluminösen Vliesbahnen werden überall dort verlegt, wo Wasser- und/oder Winderosion verhindert werden soll. Ihre Befestigung geschieht z.B. durch Beschwerung mit Steinen, Auffüllung mit Sand, Kies und/oder Erde, Nagelung durch Pflöcke usw. DieseThese voluminous fleece webs are laid wherever water and / or wind erosion is prevented shall be. They are fastened, for example, by weighting them down with stones, filling them with sand, gravel and / or earth, nailing by pegs, etc. These
Vliesbahnen können auch zur Grasnarbenverfestigung, zum Aufhalten von Dünenbewegungen und zur Befestigung von Dämmen oder Deichen eingesetzt werden.Nonwoven webs can also be used to consolidate the sward, to stop dune movements and to Fixing dams or dykes can be used.
Beispielsweise wird eine Kanalbett-Befestigung folgendermaßen durchgeführt:For example, a channel bed attachment is as follows carried out:
Auf einem Vliesbinder wird eine Vliesbahn aus Polyamid-6- Fasern (Durchmesser 0,125 mm, Stapel 90 mm), dreidimensional gekräuselt mit 22% Einsprung, gebildetA nonwoven web made of polyamide 6 fibers (diameter 0.125 mm, stack 90 mm), three-dimensionally curled with 22% recess
Mit einem Nadelwerk wird das Vlies vernadelt und anschließend mit einem Binder besprüht und auskondensiert. Die so erhaltene endlose Vliesbahn wird aufgerollt und von einem Einbauschiff versenkt und mit Schüttgut festgelegt.The fleece is needled with a needle and then sprayed with a binder and condensed. The endless fleece web obtained in this way is rolled up and sunk by a built-in ship and with it Bulk material set.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1784483A DE1784483C3 (en) | 1968-08-13 | 1968-08-13 | Erosion-preventing component |
BE731428D BE731428A (en) | 1968-04-13 | 1969-04-11 | |
FR6911360A FR2006203A1 (en) | 1968-04-13 | 1969-04-11 | Loose fleece in the form of mats for reinforcing and reducing erosion of dams, dykes, slopes, canal bottoms and the like, contains at least one layer of synthet |
DK203269AA DK140564B (en) | 1968-04-13 | 1969-04-14 | Mat for fastening and erosion prevention on dams, dikes and canal bottoms. |
AT357569A AT306644B (en) | 1968-04-13 | 1969-04-14 | Fastener |
GB08918/69A GB1213428A (en) | 1968-04-13 | 1969-04-14 | A method of reducing erosion of earthworks |
NL6905719A NL6905719A (en) | 1968-04-13 | 1969-04-14 | |
FR7020208A FR2049147A2 (en) | 1968-04-13 | 1970-06-02 | Woven loose sheets of neutral synthetic fibres - for barrages and dykes |
NL7007996A NL7007996A (en) | 1968-04-13 | 1970-06-02 | Woven loose sheets of neutral synthetic fibres - for barrages and dykes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1784483A DE1784483C3 (en) | 1968-08-13 | 1968-08-13 | Erosion-preventing component |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1784483A1 DE1784483A1 (en) | 1971-10-07 |
DE1784483B2 DE1784483B2 (en) | 1978-10-12 |
DE1784483C3 true DE1784483C3 (en) | 1979-06-13 |
Family
ID=5705649
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1784483A Expired DE1784483C3 (en) | 1968-04-13 | 1968-08-13 | Erosion-preventing component |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE1784483C3 (en) |
-
1968
- 1968-08-13 DE DE1784483A patent/DE1784483C3/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1784483B2 (en) | 1978-10-12 |
DE1784483A1 (en) | 1971-10-07 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |