DE1594642A1 - Process for improving lubricating oils - Google Patents
Process for improving lubricating oilsInfo
- Publication number
- DE1594642A1 DE1594642A1 DE19661594642 DE1594642A DE1594642A1 DE 1594642 A1 DE1594642 A1 DE 1594642A1 DE 19661594642 DE19661594642 DE 19661594642 DE 1594642 A DE1594642 A DE 1594642A DE 1594642 A1 DE1594642 A1 DE 1594642A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- viscosity
- oils
- lubricating oils
- naphthenic
- improving lubricating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
- C10M2203/1045—Aromatic fractions used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
- C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
- C10M2203/1085—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks used as base material
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Verbesserung von Schmierölen !11_2 Schmieröle dienen Mineralöle verschiedener Herkunft und Zusammensetzung. Für praktische Zwecke benutzt man entweder Paraffinbasische oder naphthenbasische Öle, denen man gegebenenfalls Additives zugibt, um sie für den einen oder anderen Zweck geeigneter zii machen. Die vorzugsweise benutzten paraffinbaaischen Öle zeigen im allgemeinen befriedigende Eigenschaften. Am wenigsten genügt Jedoch ihr Kälteverhalten. Beispielsweise zeigt ein paraffinbasisches n1_ von der Viskosität 4,7 centi-Stokes (2100F) bereits bei -220C eine deutliche Ausscheidung fester, kristalliner paraffinischer Bestandteile, obwohl der eigentliche Stockpunkt erst bei -320 liegt. Eine Messung der Viskosität im Rotationsviskometer nach Brookfield ergibt bei -250C eine Viskosität von 2915 cSt, und bei -300 ist das Ö1 bereits so dickflüssig, daß eine Bestimmung nach Brookfield nicht mehr möglich ist. Naphthenbasische Öle können in Form von Solventraffinat zwar als Sermiermittel verwendet werden, doch zeigen auch sie einige Nachteile. So hat ein naphthenbasisehes Öl von der Viskosität 5,0 c5t (2100F) zwar einen tiefen Stockpunkt von -470c, doch ist seine Viskosität bei -250c, gemessen nach Brookfield, bereite auf 15 300 gestiegen. Bei -300C beträgt dieser Wert 32 HQO, doch- gelingt der Kaltstart deshalb noch, weil keine nennenswerte Ausscheidung fester Anteile eintritt. Jetzt steigt jedoch dir. Viskosität sehr rasch: Sie beträgt bei -350C schon 81 orin eSt, so daß ein Kaltstart nicht mehr möglich ist. Blatt 2 Der Verwendung beider Ölarten sind also Grenzen gesetzt, vor allem eben wegen des ungünstigen Kälteverhaltens. Wie nun gefunden wurde, kann man das Kälteverhalten wesentlich verbessern, wenn man paraffinbasische Öle mit naphthenbasischen Ölen mischt, die bei 210°F etwa die gleiche Viskosität zeigen. Die zugesetzte Menge kann im Gemisch etwa zwischen den Grenzen von 30 bis 70% liegen. Vermischt man beispielsweise ein paraffinbaschisches Ö1 von der Viskosität 4,7 cSt (210°F), dem Stockpunkt -320C und einer beginnenden Paraffinausscheidung (BPA) bei -220C, das bei -250C eine Viskosität von 2915 aufweist und dessen Viskosität bei -300C nach Brookfield überhaupt nicht mehr meBbar ist, mit 50% eines naphthenbasischen Öls der Viskosität 5,0 eSt (2100F) und dem Stockpunkt -470, dessen bei -25°C 15 300 cSt und bei -350C 81 000 cSt beträgt, so erhält man ein Ö1, das weitaus günstigere Kennzahlen aufweist, als man nach den Kennzahlen der Mischkomponenten hätte erwarten müssen. Das Gemisch hat nämlich einen Stockpunkt von -3$°C, einen viel besseren BPA (-380C) und eine Viskosität von 4130 eSt bei -250C. Diese ist also trotz des Zusatzes des naphthenbasischen Öls mit der hohen Viskosität von 15 300 oSt bei dieser Temperatur wenig höher geworden, während sie ohne Zusatz bei wenig tieferer Temperatur so stark steigt, daß sie bei -300C schon nicht mehr meßbar ist. Die Viskosität des Gemischen beträgt dagegen bei dieser Temperatur nur 23 000 cSt und erlaubt einen einwandfreien Kaltstart. Zu diesem Vorzug kommt, daB Mischungen der geechilderten Art, also von paraffinbasischen mit naphthenbaeischen Ölen etwa der gleichen Viskosität bei 210°F, eine vorzügliche Lagerbeständigkeit aufweisen, so daß der Ausdruck Kälteverhalten sich nicht nur auf das motorische Verhalten und den Start, sondern auch auf die Lagerung bezieht. Process for improving lubricating oils ! 11_2 Lubricating oils are used for mineral oils of various origins and compositions. For practical purposes, either paraffinic or naphthenic oils are used, to which additives may be added to make them more suitable for one purpose or another. The paraffinic oils which are preferably used generally show satisfactory properties. However, their cold behavior is least of all sufficient. For example, a paraffin-based n1_ with a viscosity of 4.7 centi-Stokes (2100F) shows a clear separation of solid, crystalline paraffinic components already at -220C, although the actual pour point is only -320. A measurement of the viscosity in a Brookfield rotation viscometer gives a viscosity of 2915 cSt at -250C, and at -300 the oil is already so thick that a Brookfield determination is no longer possible. Naphthenic oils can be used as serming agents in the form of solvent raffinate, but they too have some disadvantages. For example, a naphthene-based oil with a viscosity of 5.0 c5t (2100F) has a low pour point of -470c, but its viscosity at -250c, measured according to Brookfield, has already risen to 15,300. At -300C this value is 32 HQO, but the cold start is still successful because there is no significant separation of solid components. But now you rise. Viscosity very quickly: At -350C it is already 81 orin ES, so that a cold start is no longer possible. Sheet 2 There are limits to the use of both types of oil, especially because of their unfavorable cold behavior. As has now been found, one can significantly improve the low temperature behavior by mixing paraffinic oils with naphthenic oils, which exhibit about the same viscosity at 210 ° F. The amount added in the mixture can be approximately between the limits of 30 to 70%. For example, one mixes a paraffinic oil with a viscosity of 4.7 cSt (210 ° F), a pour point of -320C and an incipient paraffin precipitation (BPA) at -220C, which has a viscosity of 2915 at -250C and its viscosity at -300C Brookfield is no longer measurable at all, with 50% of a naphthenic oil with a viscosity of 5.0 eSt (2100F) and a pour point of -470, which is 15,300 cSt at -25 ° C. and 81,000 cSt at -350 ° C., a Ö1, which has far more favorable key figures than one should have expected from the key figures of the mixed components. The mixture has a pour point of -3 $ ° C, a much better BPA (-380C) and a viscosity of 4130 eSt at -250C. In spite of the addition of the naphthenic oil with the high viscosity of 15,300 oSt at this temperature, this has become a little higher, while without the addition of the naphthenic oil it rises so much at a slightly lower temperature that it is no longer measurable at -300C. In contrast, the viscosity of the mixture at this temperature is only 23,000 cSt and allows a perfect cold start. In addition to this advantage, mixtures of the type described, i.e. of paraffinic and naphthenic oils of approximately the same viscosity at 210 ° F, have an excellent shelf life, so that the expression low-temperature behavior applies not only to motor behavior and the start, but also to the storage relates.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DET0031405 | 1966-06-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1594642A1 true DE1594642A1 (en) | 1971-03-25 |
Family
ID=7556291
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19661594642 Pending DE1594642A1 (en) | 1966-06-21 | 1966-06-21 | Process for improving lubricating oils |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT274192B (en) |
DE (1) | DE1594642A1 (en) |
-
1966
- 1966-06-21 DE DE19661594642 patent/DE1594642A1/en active Pending
-
1967
- 1967-06-20 AT AT574867A patent/AT274192B/en active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT274192B (en) | 1969-09-10 |
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