DE1533447C - Device for the separation of mercury and alkali hydroxide in vertical decomposers - Google Patents
Device for the separation of mercury and alkali hydroxide in vertical decomposersInfo
- Publication number
- DE1533447C DE1533447C DE1533447C DE 1533447 C DE1533447 C DE 1533447C DE 1533447 C DE1533447 C DE 1533447C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- mercury
- decomposer
- alkali
- decomposition
- vertical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 4
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims 3
- USGMTXBBTJRWQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Hg] USGMTXBBTJRWQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000614 Ribs Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 3
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxyl anion Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002730 mercury Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Description
auf den Zwischenboden 3 und 5 Führungsrippen 14 (F i g. 2) angebracht, die beispielsweise zur Achse des Zersetzers senkrecht stehen. Auf dem Zwischenblech 3 steht ein axial ausgerichteter Stutzen 10 zum Entlüften. Die Spalte 11 bis 13, durch die das mit Alkalilauge verunreinigte Quecksilber und das Zersetzungswasser im Gegenstrom fließen, werden durch die Abstände der Zwischenbleche gebildet.on the intermediate floor 3 and 5 guide ribs 14 (F i g. 2) attached, for example perpendicular to the axis of the decomposer. On the intermediate sheet 3 is an axially aligned nozzle 10 for venting. Columns 11 to 13, through which the Alkaline solution contaminated mercury and the decomposition water will flow in countercurrent formed by the spacing of the intermediate plates.
Bei einer Strombelastung der Primärzelle von 140 bis 160 KA betrug der Quecksilber-Umpump 50 t/h. Der Zersetzerturm war 120 cm hoch und hatte einen Durchmesser von 80 cm. An den Umlenkstellen 15 war der Abstand der Zwischenbleche 14 bis 16 mm, ihre Neigung betrug etwa 2 mm pro 100 mm. Bei dieser Anordnung erreichte man in der Spülzone eine Alkalilaugekonzentration von 0,1 bis 5 °/o. Am Zersetzerkopf wurde 40 bis 50 °/oige Lauge abgezogen, während das am Fuß des Zersetzers ausfließende Quecksilber weniger als 0,5 °/o Alkalilauge, bezogen auf die am Kopf des Zersetzers abgezogene Laugenmenge, enthielt.With a current load of 140 to 160 KA in the primary cell, the mercury circulated was 50 t / h. The decomposition tower was 120 cm high and 80 cm in diameter. At the turning points 15, the distance between the intermediate plates was 14 to 16 mm, their inclination was about 2 mm per 100 mm. With this arrangement, an alkali solution concentration of 0.1 to 1 was achieved in the rinsing zone 5 ° / o. 40 to 50% caustic was drawn off at the decomposer head, while that flowing out at the bottom of the decomposer Mercury less than 0.5% alkali, based on that withdrawn at the top of the decomposer Amount of lye, contained.
Um das gleiche Ergebnis entsprechend dem Stand der Technik durch Erhöhen der Verweilzeit des Quecksilbers im Zersetzer zu erzielen, sind 35 bis 50 °/o Quecksilber zusätzlich erforderlich. Auch durchTo achieve the same result according to the prior art by increasing the residence time of the To achieve mercury in the decomposer, 35 to 50% mercury are additionally required. Also through
ίο Einbau eines Waschkastens werden 20 bis 30% Quecksilber zusätzlich benötigt, und es fällt verdünnte Natronlauge bis zu 5 % der Produktion an.ίο Installation of a wash box is 20 to 30% Mercury is also required, and up to 5% of the production is diluted with caustic soda.
Der Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Vertikalzersetzers gegenüber den bisherigen liegt darin, daß der Waschteil nur wenig Platz im Zersetzer beansprucht und daß bei minimalem Quecksilberbedarf eine fast vollständige Auswaschung des Alkalihydroxyds aus dem Quecksilber gewährleistet wird.The advantage of the vertical decomposer according to the invention over the previous ones is that the washing part takes up little space in the decomposer and that with a minimal need for mercury Almost complete washing out of the alkali hydroxide from the mercury is guaranteed will.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings
Claims (3)
am Kopf im Gegenstrom zum Wasser aufgegeben, 50 Das Verfahren und die erfindungsgemäße Vorrieselt über eine Füllung aus Graphitbruchstücken richtung zum Trennen von Quecksilber und Alkalioder -kugeln und wird vom Fuß des Zersetzers zur lauge werden nun an Hand der Fig. 1 und 2 bei-Primärzelle zurückgeführt: ^ , · ,spielsweise erläutert.In a vertical disintegrator, the amalgam is provided with radial guide ribs,
abandoned at the top in countercurrent to the water, 50 The method and the inventive Vorrieselt over a filling of graphite fragments direction for separating mercury and alkali or alkaline spheres and is from the base of the decomposer to the lye are now with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 in the primary cell returned: ^, ·, explained for example.
weitgehende Aufspaltung des Amalgams in Tropf- Das Amalgam fließt bei 1 in den Zersetzer und chen hat aber den Nachteil, daß sich das Quecksilber gelangt über die Graphitschüttung 17, in der es zer- und das Alkalihydroxyd am Fuß des Zersetzers nur 60 setzt wird, zum Siebboden 16, durch den es in Richschwer von einander trennen lassen. Die FoIe ist, daß tung der Pfeile über die vier Zwischenbleehe 2 bis S5 ein Teil des produzierten Alkalihydroxyds aus dem die alternierend als stehende Kegel 3 und 5 und Zersetzer mit dem Quecksilber in die Primärzelle ge- hängende Kegelstumpfe 2 und 4 ausgebildet sind, zu langt. Hier führt das Alkalisieren der Alkalichlorid- dem Ablaufstutzen 6 fließt. Das Zersetzungswasser . sole zu. unerwünschter Hypochlorit- bzw. Chlorat- 65 strömt bei 7 ein und dem Quecksilber entgegen. Die bildung, die nicht nur eine Verminderung der Aus- Alkalilauge wird bei 8 und der Wasserstoff bei 9 abbeute an Chlor, sondern auch einen verstärkten An- gezogen. Um ein gleichmäßiges Ausbreiten des griff der Anoden bedingt. Quecksilberfilms im Waschteil zu gewährleisten, sindlocated. This is indicated by the shape or size of the FIG. 2 shows a particularly advantageous made of graphite body and its layer height achieved. The design of the standing cones in plan view,
The amalgam flows into the decomposer at 1 and has the disadvantage that the mercury gets over the graphite bed 17, in which it decomposes and the alkali hydroxide at the foot of the decomposer only sets 60 to the Sieve bottom 16, through which it can be separated from each other in Richschwer. The result is that the direction of the arrows over the four intermediate sheets 2 to S 5 is a part of the alkali hydroxide produced from which the truncated cones 2 and 4 hanging alternately as standing cones 3 and 5 and decomposer with the mercury in the primary cell are formed is enough. Here the alkalization of the alkali chloride leads to the drainage nozzle 6 flowing. The decomposition water. sole too. unwanted hypochlorite or chlorate 65 flows in at 7 and counteracts the mercury. The formation, which not only reduces the amount of alkali lye, is attracted to chlorine at 8 and the hydrogen at 9, but also to an increased attraction. To ensure that the handle of the anodes is spread evenly. Ensure that there is a mercury film in the washing section
Family
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