DE1264659B - Lubricants for aircraft gas turbines - Google Patents

Lubricants for aircraft gas turbines

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Publication number
DE1264659B
DE1264659B DEC22706A DEC0022706A DE1264659B DE 1264659 B DE1264659 B DE 1264659B DE C22706 A DEC22706 A DE C22706A DE C0022706 A DEC0022706 A DE C0022706A DE 1264659 B DE1264659 B DE 1264659B
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
lubricants
carbon atoms
ester
gas turbines
aircraft gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEC22706A
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German (de)
Inventor
Hale Barns
Peter Michael Blanchard
Stuart Walter Critchley
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Publication of DE1264659B publication Critical patent/DE1264659B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M3/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/284—Esters of aromatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/285—Esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/30—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/30—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids
    • C10M2207/302—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at leasst three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compounds: monohydroxyl compounds, polyhydroxy xompounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids or hydroxy carboxylic acids derived from the combination of monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/108—Phenothiazine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having a silicon-to-carbon bond, e.g. organo-silanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/12—Gas-turbines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/12—Gas-turbines
    • C10N2040/13—Aircraft turbines

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLANDFEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

DEUTSCHESGERMAN

PATENTAMTPATENT OFFICE

AUSLEGESCHRIFTEDITORIAL

Int. Cl.:Int. Cl .:

Nummer:
Aktenzeichen:
Anmeldetag:
Auslegetag:Number:
File number:
Registration date:
Display day:

ClOmClOm

Deutsche Kl.: 23 c-1/01 German class: 23 c -1/01

1264 659
C22706IVc/23c
10. November 1960
28. März 19681264 659
C22706IVc / 23c
November 10, 1960
March 28, 1968

Es ist bekannt, flüssige Diester aus Dicarbonsäuren und geradkettigen oder verzweigten gesättigten einwertigen Alkoholen als Schmiermittel zu verwenden.It is known that liquid diesters are obtained from dicarboxylic acids and straight-chain or branched saturated monovalent ones Use alcohols as lubricants.

Desgleichen sind Estergemische aus zweiwertigen Alkoholen und Dicarbonsäuren bzw. Mono- und Dicarbonsäuren und Estergemische aus einem dreiwertigen Alkohol, nämlich Trimethyloläthan mit Mono- und Dicarbonsäuren als Schmiermittel bekannt. Diese Schmiermittel genügen jedoch den Anforderungen, die heute an Schmiermittel für moderne Flugzeug-Gasturbinen gestellt werden, nicht, da sie nicht die erforderliche thermische Stabilität bei 325° C haben. Außerdem sind die Eigenschaften dieser Esterschmiermittel bei tiefen Temperaturen über einen längeren Zeitraum nicht ausreichend gleichbleibend, so daß spezielle Zusätze zur Verbesserung der Tieftemperatureigenschaften erforderlich sind.The same are ester mixtures of dihydric alcohols and dicarboxylic acids or mono- and Dicarboxylic acids and ester mixtures from a trihydric alcohol, namely trimethylolethane with Mono- and dicarboxylic acids are known as lubricants. However, these lubricants meet the requirements The lubricants for modern aircraft gas turbines are now being put to use, not because they are do not have the required thermal stability at 325 ° C. Besides, the properties are this Ester lubricant does not remain sufficiently constant at low temperatures over a longer period of time, so that special additives are required to improve the low-temperature properties.

Diese Nachteile treten nicht auf, wenn ein Schmiermittel verwendet wird, das ein Reaktionsprodukt einer Mischung aus aoThese disadvantages do not arise when using a lubricant which is a reaction product a mixture of ao

(a) einer oder mehreren gesättigten aliphatischen, geradkettigen Monocarbonsäuren mit 1 bis 18 C-Atomen, insbesondere 7 bis 10 C-Atomen, mit(A) one or more saturated aliphatic, straight-chain monocarboxylic acids with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, in particular 7 to 10 carbon atoms, with

(b) 1,1,1-Trimethylolpropan und(b) 1,1,1-trimethylolpropane and

(c) gesättigten aliphatischen, geradkettigen Dicarbonsäuren mit 4 bis 14 C-Atomen bzw. aromatischen Dicarbonsäuren mit 8 bis 12 C-Atomen(C) saturated aliphatic, straight-chain dicarboxylic acids with 4 to 14 carbon atoms or aromatic ones Dicarboxylic acids with 8 to 12 carbon atoms

im Molverhältnis von (a): (b) : (c) wie (6 bis 11): (2,5 bis 5): 1 ist. Die Viskositätseigenschaften dieser Schmiermittel sind besser als die der üblichen, als Schmiermittel verwendeten Diester, so daß sie sich besonders zum Einsatz bei Flugzeug-Gasturbinen eignen und extremen Temperaturbedingungen im Betrieb ausgesetzt werden können.in the molar ratio of (a): (b): (c) as (6 to 11): (2.5 to 5): 1. The viscosity properties of this Lubricants are better than the common diesters used as lubricants, so they stand out particularly suitable for use in aircraft gas turbines and extreme temperature conditions in Operation can be suspended.

Die Veresterung der zusammengemischten Bestandteile wird wie üblich vorgenommen, vorzugsweise aber in Gegenwart eines Veresterungskatalysators, z.B. p-Toluolsulfonsäure, Natriumbisulfat, Kaliumpyrosulfat, ein Tetraalkyltitanat, Titantetrachlorid oder Molekularsieben mit einem Porendurchmesser von 2 bis 20 Ä, insbesondere 4 bis 10 Ä.The esterification of the constituents mixed together is carried out as usual, but preferably in the presence of an esterification catalyst, e.g. p-toluenesulphonic acid, sodium bisulphate, potassium pyrosulphate, a tetraalkyl titanate, titanium tetrachloride or molecular sieves with a pore diameter of 2 to 20 Å, in particular 4 to 10 Å.

Die Reaktionsteilnehmer können in einer, zwei oder drei Stufen durch Erhitzen miteinander umgesetzt werden.The reactants can be reacted with one another in one, two or three stages by heating will.

Die niedrigsiedenden Verbindungen werden durch Destillation unter vermindertem Druck, z.B. lmm oder weniger, von den Produkten abgestreift.The low-boiling compounds are distilled under reduced pressure, e.g. or less, stripped from the products.

Die Säurezahl des Produktes kann durch Waschen mit Wasser, neutralisierenden oder reinigenden Lö-Schmiermittel für Flugzeug-GasturbinenThe acid number of the product can be determined by washing with water, neutralizing or cleaning solvent lubricants for aircraft gas turbines

Anmelder:Applicant:

Stuart Walter Critchley, Haie Barns, Cheshire;Stuart Walter Critchley, Sharks Barns, Cheshire;

Peter Michael Blanchard,Peter Michael Blanchard,

West Molesey, Surrey (Großbritannien)West Molesey, Surrey (UK)

Vertreter:Representative:

Dr.-Ing. A. v. Kreisler, Patentanwalt,Dr.-Ing. A. v. Kreisler, patent attorney,

5000 Köln 1, Deichmannhaus5000 Cologne 1, Deichmannhaus

Als Erfinder benannt:Named as inventor:

Stuart Walter Critchley, Haie Barns, Cheshire;Stuart Walter Critchley, Sharks Barns, Cheshire;

Peter Michael Blanchard,Peter Michael Blanchard,

West Molesey, Surrey (Großbritannien)West Molesey, Surrey (UK)

Beanspruchte Priorität:Claimed priority:

Großbritannien vom 11. November 1959 (38 232) vom 23. Februar 1960 (6309) - -Great Britain of November 11, 1959 (38 232) of February 23, 1960 (6309) - -

sungen, z.B. verdünnten Alkali-, verdünnten Oxydationsmittel- oder verdünnten Reduktionsmittellösungen, gesenkt werden.solutions, e.g. dilute alkali, dilute oxidizing agent or dilute reducing agent solutions, be lowered.

Geeignete Monocarbonsäuren (a) sind Caprinsäure, n-Valeriansäure, Isovaleriansäure, Önanthsäure, Caprylsäure, Pelargonsäure, Propionsäure und Benzoesäure. Suitable monocarboxylic acids (a) are capric acid, n-valeric acid, isovaleric acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, Pelargonic acid, propionic acid and benzoic acid.

Beispielexample

In einen mit einer Wasserfalle nach Dean und Stark versehenen Kolben wurden die in der nachstehenden Tabelle 1 aufgeführten Bestandteile in den dort angegebenen Mengen eingefüllt. Es wurde am Rückfluß erhitzt, bis kein Wasser mehr gebildet wurde. Als Schleppmitte] für das abgespaltene Wasser diente Toluol. Nach Vollendung der Reaktion wurde das Produkt mit verdünnter wäßriger Natriumcarbonatlösung gewaschen und getrocknet. Das Toluol wurde durch Abstreifen unter vermindertem Druck auf dem Wasserbad entfernt und die Raffination des Produktes wurde durch Abstreifen bis zu einer Temperatur von 200°C bei 0,1/0,2 Torr zu Ende geführt.In one with a water trap according to Dean and Heavily studded flasks were those in the following Table 1 listed ingredients in the amounts indicated there. It was on Heated to reflux until no more water was formed. Served as a towing center] for the separated water Toluene. After the completion of the reaction, the product was washed with dilute aqueous sodium carbonate solution washed and dried. The toluene was removed by vacuum stripping The water bath was removed and the refining of the product was carried out by stripping to a temperature of 200 ° C at 0.1 / 0.2 Torr to the end.

Die erhaltenen Esterprodukte wurden auf ihre Viskosität bei 990C geprüft. Der sich für jedes derThe Esterprodukte obtained were tested for viscosity at 99 0 C. The one for each of the

809 520/609809 520/609

Reaktionsprodukte ergebende Wert ist ebenfalls in der nachstehenden Tabelle 1 aufgeführt.The value resulting from the reaction products is also shown in Table 1 below.

Tabelle 1Table 1 WW. XX YY ZZ -1 to to to- 1 to to to 2
8
4-
12
8th
4-
1 2
5
3
12
5
3
1 Caprinsäure Capric acid 24,2524.25 8,28.2 10,210.2 10
.4
110
.4
1 Caprylsäure Caprylic acid 7,47.4 1,1,1-Trimethylolprqpan ..
Sebacinsäure 1,1,1-trimethylol propane ..
Sebacic acid Viskosität bei 99°C, cSt...Viscosity at 99 ° C, cSt ...

IOIO

Für die Herstellung des Esters W wurden die Bestandteile in einem aus dem Stand der Technik be- *5 kannten Mischungsverhältnis für vergleichbare Bestandteile zusammengegeben; die Esterprodukte X, Y und Z sind erfindungsgemäß verwendete Schmiermittel. For the preparation of the ester W, the ingredients were in a mixing ratio known from the prior art for comparable components put together; the ester products X, Y and Z are lubricants used in the present invention.

Die ermittelten Viskositätswerte für die Viskosität der Produkte bei 99 ° C lassen erkennen, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittel besonders nahe an die für die vorliegenden Zwecke gewünschten Viskositäten von etwa 7 bis 8,5 cSt heranreichen, während das Vergleichsprodukt, der Ester W, eine erheblich höhere Viskosität bei 99°C aufweist.The viscosity values determined for the viscosity of the Products at 99 ° C show that the lubricants according to the invention are particularly close to those for the desired viscosities of about 7 to 8.5 cSt, while the comparative product, the ester W, has a considerably higher viscosity at 99 ° C.

Es wurden nun die einzelnen Esterprodukte auf die optimale Viskosität von 7 bis 8 cSt bei 99° C eingestellt in der Weise, daß sie mit entsprechenden Mengen eines einfachen Triesters, und zwar des Tricaprylsäureesters von Trimethylolpropan (nachstehend Triester T genannt), gemischt wurden, bis Mischungen entstanden, deren Viskosität bei 99° C in jedem Fall zwischen 7 und 8 cSt, vorzugsweise bei etwa 7,5 cSt lag.The individual ester products were now adjusted to the optimum viscosity of 7 to 8 cSt at 99 ° C in such a way that they are mixed with corresponding amounts of a simple triester, namely the tricaprylic acid ester of trimethylolpropane (hereinafter referred to as Triester T), were mixed until mixtures were formed, whose viscosity at 99 ° C. was in each case between 7 and 8 cSt, preferably about 7.5 cSt.

Im Falle des Esterproduktes W mußte eine verhältnismäßig große Menge an Triester T zugegeben weiden, .während im Falle der erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Esterprodukte X, Y und Z bereits eine verhältnismäßig geringe Menge an Triester T genügte, um die gewünschte Viskosität zu erzielen, so daß in diesen letzteren Fällen der größte Teil der Mischung aus dem komplexen Ester bestand. Der Grund hierfür liegt darin, daß die Verhältnisse, in denen die Bestandteile bei der Herstellung des komplexen Esters umgesetzt werden, die Bildung eines wesentlichen Anteils an Molekülen des Monocarbonsäuretriesters von Trimethylolpropan begünstigen. [Es sei bemerkt, daß der Ausdruck »komplexei Ester« selbstverständlich das gesamte Esterprodukt der Umsetzung der Reaktionsteilnehmer a), b) und c) bezeichnet, das ein Gemisch von verschiedenen Typen von EstermoJekülen darstellt.]In the case of the ester product W, a relatively large amount of triester T had to be added, While in the case of the ester products X, Y and Z used according to the invention, already a relatively small amount of triester T was enough to achieve the desired viscosity, so that in these in the latter cases most of the mixture consisted of the complex ester. The reason for this lies in that the proportions in which the constituents are implemented in the preparation of the complex ester the formation of a substantial proportion of molecules of the monocarboxylic acid triester of trimethylolpropane favor. [It should be noted that the expression "complex esters" is self-evident denotes the total ester product of the reaction of reactants a), b) and c), the one Represents a mixture of different types of EstermoJekulen.]

Mit den aus den Esterprodukten W, X, Y, und Z hergestellten Mischungen wurden Prüfungen auf thermische Stabilität bei 3250C nach der in »The British Ministry of Aviation Target Specification (DERD 2497)« niedergelegten Methode durchgeführt. Diese Spezifikation befaßt sich mit Schmiermitteln für moderne Flugzeug-Gasturbinen, die unter Bedingungen arbeiten, die für die zur Zeit (d.h. 1960) erhältlichen handelsüblichen synthetischen Schmiermittel zu scharf sind. Während beispielsweise die zur Zeit verfügbaren Schmiermittel nur bei 28O0C thermisch stabil zu sein brauchen, fordert die Spezifikation DERD 2497 gute thermische Stabilität bei 325° C und gibt an, daß die prozentuale Änderung der Viskosität bei 99° C nach 6-, 12-, 18- und 24stündiger Behandlung bei 325° C in keinem Fall außerhalb der Grenzen -10 bis +20% liegen darf.With the products manufactured from the Esterprodukten W, X, Y, and Z mixtures tests were carried out (2497 DERD) "set out method for thermal stability at 325 0 C after in" The British Ministry of Aviation Target Specification. This specification deals with lubricants for modern aircraft gas turbines operating under conditions too harsh for the commercially available synthetic lubricants currently available (ie 1960). For example, while currently available lubricants need to be thermally stable only at 28O 0 C, calls for the specification DERD 2497 good thermal stability at 325 ° C, and indicates that the percentage change in viscosity at 99 ° C for 6, 12 , 18- and 24-hour treatment at 325 ° C must in no case be outside the limits of -10 to + 20%.

Die Ergebnisse dieser Prüfung der Esterprodukte W, X, Y und Z sind in der nachstehenden Tabelle 2 aufgeführt: The results of this test of the ester products W, X, Y and Z are listed in Table 2 below:

TabelleTabel

Schmiermittellubricant 0 Stunden0 hours Kinematisc
6 StundenKinematisc
6 hours :he: hey Viskosität bei 99°
12 Stunden IViscosity at 99 °
12 hours I C nach
18 StundenC after
18 hours 24 Stunden24 hours 37%W+63%T37% W + 63% T 7,517.51 6,61
(-12,0)6.61
(-12.0) 6,58
(-12,4)6.58
(-12.4) 6,81
(-9,3)6.81
(-9.3) 6,76
(-8,9)6.76
(-8.9) 89% X+ 11%T89% X + 11% T 7,697.69 7,40
' (-3,7)7.40
'(-3.7) 7,63
(-0,8)7.63
(-0.8) 7,90
(+2,7)7.90
(+2.7) 8,06
(+4,8)8.06
(+4.8) 65% Y+ 35%T65% Y + 35% T 7,287.28 6,93
(-4,8)6.93
(-4.8) 7,04
(-3,3)7.04
(-3.3) 7,01
(-3,6)7.01
(-3.6) 7,14
(-1,9)7.14
(-1.9) 100% Z100% Z 7,457.45 7,52
(+0,9)7.52
(+0.9) 7,55
(+1,3)7.55
(+1.3) 7,82
(+5,4)7.82
(+5.4) 8,07
(+6,8)8.07
(+6.8)

Die angegebenen Prozentzahlen für die Ester beziehen sich auf Gewichtsprozente. Die in Klammern eingeschlossenen Zahlenwerte sind die prozentualen Viskositätsänderungen.The percentages given for the esters relate to percentages by weight. The numerical values in brackets are the percentage changes in viscosity.

Aus Tabelle 2 ist ersichtlich, daß die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Ester für sich allein (Esterprodukt Z) bzw. nach Zusatz von relativ geringen Mengen des Tricaprylsäureesters von Trimethylolpropan (Esterprodukte X und Y) ausgezeichnete thermische Stabilität bei 325°C. aufweisen, während der Verr gleichsester W eine Viskositätsabnahme von 12,0% bereits während der ersten 6stündigen Behandlung bei 325° C zeigt, die bei weiterer 6stündiger Behandlung noch geringfügig auf —12,4 % zunimmt. Daraus ist ersichtlich, daß dieser Vergleichsester nicht den Forderungen der Spezifikation DERD 2497 entspricht. Auch die sonstigen zur Zeit (1960) erhältlichen han·1· delsüblichen synthetischen Flugzeug-Gasturbinenschmiermittel von gleicher Viskosität zersetzen sich bei 3250C.From Table 2 it can be seen that the esters used according to the invention on their own (ester product Z) or after the addition of relatively small amounts of the tricaprylic acid ester of trimethylolpropane (ester products X and Y) have excellent thermal stability at 325.degree. have, during Ver r equal sester W is a viscosity decrease of 12.0% already during the first 6 hours' treatment at 325 ° C, which still increases slightly upon further 6 hours of treatment at -12.4%. This shows that this comparative tester does not meet the requirements of the DERD 2497 specification. The other currently (1960) available han · 1 · mercial synthetic aircraft gas turbine lubricant of the same viscosity decompose at 325 0 C.

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch:Claim: Verwendung des Reaktionsproduktes einer Mischung ausUse of the reaction product of a mixture of (a) einer oder mehreren gesättigten aliphatischen Monocarbonsäuren mit 1 bis 18 C-Atomen, insbesondere 7 bis 10 C-Atomen, mit(a) one or more saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, in particular 7 to 10 carbon atoms, with (b) 1,1,1-Trimethylplpropan und.(b) 1,1,1-trimethylpropane and. (c) gesättigten aliphatischen, geradkettigen Dicarbonsäuren mit 4 bis 14 C-Atomen bzw. aromatischen Dicarbonsäuren mit 8 bis 12 C-Atomen(c) saturated aliphatic, straight-chain dicarboxylic acids with 4 to 14 carbon atoms or aromatic dicarboxylic acids with 8 to 12 carbon atoms im Verhältnis von (a): (b): (c) wie (6 bis 11): (2,5 bis 5): 1 als Schmiermittel für Flugzeug-Gasturbinen. in the ratio of (a): (b): (c) like (6 to 11): (2.5 to 5): 1 as a lubricant for aircraft gas turbines. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:Considered publications: Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 956 341; französische Patentschrift Nr. 1110 221; USA.-Patentschriften Nr. 2 499 983, 2 588194, 628 974,2 860119;German Patent No. 956 341; French Patent No. 1110 221; U.S. Patents Nos. 2,499,983, 2,588,194, 628,974.2 860119; britische Patentschriften Nr. 680 438, 697 412, 618.British Patent Nos. 680,438, 697,412, 618. Bei der Bekanntmachung der Anmeldung sind zwei Prioritätsbelege ausgelegt worden.When the application was announced, two priority documents were displayed.
DEC22706A 1959-11-11 1960-11-10 Lubricants for aircraft gas turbines Pending DE1264659B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB38232/59A GB971901A (en) 1959-11-11 1959-11-11 Improvements in organic esters and in lubricants consisting of or containing them
GB630960 1960-02-23

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DE1264659B true DE1264659B (en) 1968-03-28

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DE (1) DE1264659B (en)
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DE3643935C2 (en) * 1986-12-22 1995-07-06 Henkel Kgaa Synthetic polyol esters
KR100245894B1 (en) * 1992-08-28 2000-03-02 웨인 씨 제쉬크 Biodergradable two-cycle engine oil compositions and ester base stocks
US5411672A (en) * 1992-09-15 1995-05-02 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Lubrication oil composition
DE102007063507A1 (en) * 2007-12-28 2009-07-02 Biorefinery.De Gmbh Process for the preparation of carboxylic acid esters

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GB680438A (en) * 1948-10-01 1952-10-08 Standard Oil Dev Co Complex glycol esters for use as or in lubricants
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CH436245A (en) 1967-05-31
GB971901A (en) 1964-10-07
BE596980A (en)

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