DE1219590B - Electrical capacitor, the dielectric of which consists of a body made of reduced ceramic with oxidized surface layers - Google Patents

Electrical capacitor, the dielectric of which consists of a body made of reduced ceramic with oxidized surface layers

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Publication number
DE1219590B
DE1219590B DE1961R0029534 DER0029534A DE1219590B DE 1219590 B DE1219590 B DE 1219590B DE 1961R0029534 DE1961R0029534 DE 1961R0029534 DE R0029534 A DER0029534 A DE R0029534A DE 1219590 B DE1219590 B DE 1219590B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
dielectric
ceramic
surface layers
oxidized surface
electrical capacitor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE1961R0029534
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dipl-Phys Otto Noegel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rosenthal Isolatoren GmbH
Original Assignee
Rosenthal Isolatoren GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rosenthal Isolatoren GmbH filed Critical Rosenthal Isolatoren GmbH
Priority to DE1961R0029534 priority Critical patent/DE1219590B/en
Priority to GB4402161A priority patent/GB960492A/en
Priority to FR881728A priority patent/FR1307848A/en
Publication of DE1219590B publication Critical patent/DE1219590B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/46Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates
    • C04B35/462Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates
    • C04B35/465Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates
    • C04B35/468Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates based on barium titanates
    • C04B35/4682Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates based on titanates based on alkaline earth metal titanates based on barium titanates based on BaTiO3 perovskite phase
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002Details
    • H01G4/018Dielectrics
    • H01G4/06Solid dielectrics
    • H01G4/08Inorganic dielectrics
    • H01G4/12Ceramic dielectrics
    • H01G4/1272Semiconductive ceramic capacitors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Ceramic Capacitors (AREA)

Description

BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLANDFEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

DEUTSCHESGERMAN

PATENTAMTPATENT OFFICE

AUSLEGESCHRIFTEDITORIAL

Int. α.:Int. α .:

HOIgHOIg

Deutsche KL: 21g-10/05 German KL: 21g-10/05

Nummer: 1219 590Number: 1219 590

Aktenzeichen: R 29534 VIII c/21 gFile number: R 29534 VIII c / 21 g

Anmeldetag: 25. Januar 1961Filing date: January 25, 1961

Auslegetag: 23. Juni 1966Opening day: June 23, 1966

Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektrischen Kondensator, dessen Dielektrikum aus einem Körper aus dicht gesinterter, reduzierter Keramik auf der Basis von Bariumtitanat mit oxydierten Oberflächenschichten besteht, auf die die Kondensatorbeläge aufgebracht sind (sogenannte Sperrschichtkondensatoren).The invention relates to an electrical capacitor whose dielectric consists of a body densely sintered, reduced ceramic based on barium titanate with oxidized surface layers to which the capacitor coatings are applied (so-called junction capacitors).

Hiermit erzielt man im allgemeinen Kapazitätswerte pro Quadratzentimeter, die etwa eine Zehnerpotenz über den bisher üblichen auf der Basis von Titanaten gebräuchlichen Kondensatoren liegen. Diesem Vorteil steht jedoch als Nachteil gegenüber, daß der Isolationswiderstand a) sehr gering ist und b) mit zunehmender Spannung abnimmt. Beide Nachteile können bei der Verwendung derartiger Kondensatoren in Hochfrequenzschaltungen oft nicht hingenommen werden. Dadurch ist die Verwendung derartiger Sperrschichtkondensatoren seither begrenzt. This generally achieves capacitance values per square centimeter that are roughly a power of ten above the capacitors customary on the basis of titanates up to now. However, this advantage is offset by the disadvantage that the insulation resistance a) is very low and b) decreases with increasing tension. Both of these disadvantages can arise when using such capacitors often not acceptable in high-frequency circuits. This is the use such junction capacitors have been limited since then.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei den Kondensatoren der oben angegebenen Art den Isolationswiderstand zu erhöhen und die Spannungsabhängigkeit desselben zu beseitigen. The invention is based on the object of the insulation resistance in the capacitors of the type specified above to increase and eliminate the voltage dependency of the same.

Ein elektrischer Kondensator, dessen Dielektrikum aus einem Körper aus dicht gesinterter, reduzierter Keramik auf der Basis von Bariumtitanat mit oxydierten Oberflächenschichten besteht, auf die die Kondensatorbeläge aufgebracht sind, kennzeichnet sich erfindungsgemäß dadurch, daß die das Dielektrikum bildende Keramik einen Zusatz von bis zu 12%, vorzugsweise 2 bis 6% Wismutoxyd enthält.An electrical capacitor whose dielectric consists of a body of densely sintered, reduced Ceramic based on barium titanate with oxidized surface layers on which the Capacitor coatings are applied, is characterized according to the invention in that the dielectric forming ceramic contains an addition of up to 12%, preferably 2 to 6% bismuth oxide.

Es ist bei der Verwendung von Dielektrikum mit hohem Titandioxydgehalt bei elektrischen Kondensatoren üblicher Bauart bekannt (deutsche Patentschrift 717 682), der das Dielektrikum bildenden Masse Cadmiumoxyd oder Wismutoxyd zuzusetzen, um im keramischen Brand eine bessere Verdichtung zu erhalten. Bei derartigen bekannten keramischen Kondensatoren ist der Isolationswiderstand stets hinreichend groß (1012 Ohm/cm), so daß für derartige Kondensatoren die Aufgabe, den Isolationswiderstand zu verbessern, nicht besteht. Außerdem ist bekannt, daß durch Zusatz von Cadmium- und Wismutoxyd gleichzeitig die Durchschlagfestigkeit und der Verlustwinkel des Dielektrikums verbessert werden. Zwischen der Durchschlagfestigkeit und dem Isolationswiderstand besteht jedoch kein eindeutiger Zusammenhang, so daß nicht ohne weiteres erkennbar war, daß ein Zusatz von Wismutoxyd zu der aus Bariumtitanat mit oxydierten Oberflächenschichten bestehenden Keramik, die beim erfindungsgemäßen Kondensator verwendet wird, auch eine Verbesserung des Isolationswiderstandes bewirkt. So Elektrischer Kondensator, dessen Dielektrikum
aus einem Körper aus reduzierter Keramik mit
oxydierten Oberflächenschichten besteht
It is known when using dielectric with a high titanium dioxide content in electrical capacitors of conventional design (German Patent 717 682) to add cadmium oxide or bismuth oxide to the mass forming the dielectric in order to obtain better compression in the ceramic fire. In such known ceramic capacitors, the insulation resistance is always sufficiently high (10 12 ohms / cm), so that the task of improving the insulation resistance does not exist for such capacitors. It is also known that the addition of cadmium and bismuth oxide improves the dielectric strength and the loss angle of the dielectric at the same time. However, there is no clear connection between the dielectric strength and the insulation resistance, so that it was not immediately apparent that the addition of bismuth oxide to the ceramic made of barium titanate with oxidized surface layers, which is used in the capacitor according to the invention, also improves the insulation resistance. So electrical capacitor, its dielectric
from a body made of reduced ceramic with
oxidized surface layers

Anmelder:Applicant:

Rosenthal-Isolatoren G. m. b. H., Selb (Bay.)Rosenthal isolators G. m. B. H., Selb (Bay.)

Als Erfinder benannt:Named as inventor:

Dipl.-Phys. Otto Nögel, Landshut-PieflasDipl.-Phys. Otto Nögel, Landshut Pieflas

ist z. B. der Durchgangswiderstand, der geringer ist als der Isolationswiderstand, von Quarzglas größer als der von Glimmer, obwohl seine Durchschlagsfestigkeit geringer als die von Glimmer ist.is z. B. the volume resistance, which is lower than the insulation resistance, of quartz glass is greater than that of mica, although its dielectric strength is lower than that of mica.

Es läßt sich auch nicht folgern, daß eine Verbesserung des Verlustwinkels eine Verbesserung des Isolationswiderstandes zur Folge haben muß. Bei festen Isolierstoffen, wie denjenigen, die in den bekannten Kondensatoren verwendet wurden, bilden die reinen dielektrischen Verluste den Hauptanteil. Die durch die Leitfähigkeit der Keramik bedingten Verluste sind um Größenordnungen kleiner und daher vernachlässigbar. Nor can it be concluded that an improvement in the loss angle improves the insulation resistance must result. In the case of solid insulating materials, such as those used in the well-known Capacitors were used, the pure dielectric losses make up the main part. By The losses caused by the conductivity of the ceramic are orders of magnitude smaller and therefore negligible.

Den bekannten Anordnungen ist also nicht zu entnehmen, daß der Isolationswiderstand durch den Zusatz von Wismutoxyd erhöht und über einen weiten Bereich spannungsunabhängig gemacht werden kann. Außerdem lassen sich die bei Kondensatoren normaler Bauart gewonnenen Erkenntnisse wegen der unterschiedlichen Wirkungsweise nicht ohne weiteres auf Sperrschichtkondensatoren übertragen. The known arrangements can therefore not be seen that the insulation resistance by the The addition of bismuth oxide can be increased and made voltage-independent over a wide range can. In addition, the knowledge gained with capacitors of normal design can be used not easily transferred to junction capacitors because of the different modes of operation.

Der Beschreibung ist ein Diagramm beigefügt. Darin zeigt die Kurve 1 die Größe und Spannungsabhängigkeit des Isolationswiderstandes bei den bekannten Sperrschichtkondensatoren, die auf der Basis von Bariumtitanat hergestellt sind. Die Kurve 2 zeigt die entsprechenden Werte für den erfindungsgemäßen Kondensator. Der erfindungsgemäß erzielte Vorteil ist aus dem Vergleich dieser beiden Kurven offensichtlich. Es ist anzunehmen, daß das darauf zurückzuführen ist, daß der Oxydationszustand der isolie-A diagram is attached to the description. Curve 1 shows the size and voltage dependency of the insulation resistance in the case of the known junction capacitors, which are based on are made of barium titanate. Curve 2 shows the corresponding values for the one according to the invention Capacitor. The advantage achieved according to the invention is evident from the comparison of these two curves. It can be assumed that this is due to the fact that the oxidation state of the isolate

609 580/311609 580/311

renden Schicht vollkommener ist, als das mit den seither verwendeten keramischen Massen der Fall war.renden layer is more perfect than the case with the ceramic masses used since then was.

Die Höhe des Anteiles von Wismutoxyd in der dielektrischen keramischen Masse ist nicht kritisch. Veränderungen sind in weiten Grenzen möglich.The amount of bismuth oxide in the dielectric ceramic mass is not critical. Changes are possible within wide limits.

Eine erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Masse enthielt beispielsweise 83 Gewichtsprozent BaTiO3, 13°/o CaZrO3 und 4% Bi2O3. Die Masse wird in bekannter Weise durch Mischen der Komponenten in einer Kugelmühle aufbereitet, zu Plättchen gepreßt und bei etwa 1400° C in oxydierender Atmosphäre dicht gesintert und anschließend bei etwa 120O0C bis 13000C reduziert. Die reduzierten Plättchen haben dann einen spezifischen Widerstand von einigen Ohm/cm. Der Oxydationsprozeß erfolgt unter Erhitzung in Luft und kann vorteilhaft mit dem Einbrennen der Kondensatorbeläge verbunden werden. Ein derartig hergestellter Kondensator hatte eine Kapazität von etwa 0,15 μΈ/αη2. A mass produced according to the invention contained, for example, 83 percent by weight BaTiO 3 , 13 % CaZrO 3 and 4% Bi 2 O 3 . The mass is prepared in a known manner by mixing the components in a ball mill, pressed into platelets and dense-sintered at about 1400 ° C in an oxidizing atmosphere and then reduced at about 120O 0 C to 1300 0 C. The reduced platelets then have a specific resistance of a few ohms / cm. The oxidation process takes place with heating in air and can advantageously be combined with the baking of the capacitor coatings. A capacitor produced in this way had a capacity of about 0.15 μΈ / αη 2 .

Der Kondensator hatte einen in einem großen Bereich nahezu spannungsunabhängigen Isolationswiderstand von etwa 108 Ohm/cm. Seine Durchschlagsfestigkeit erreichte zufriedenstellende Werte.The capacitor had an insulation resistance of approximately 10 8 ohms / cm, which was almost voltage-independent over a wide range. Its dielectric strength reached satisfactory values.

Claims (1)

Patentansprüche:Patent claims: ' 1. Elektrischer Kondensator, dessen Dielektrikum aus einem Körper aus dicht gesinterter, reduzierter Keramik auf der Basis von Bariumtitanat mit oxydierten Oberflächenschichten besteht, auf die die Kondensatorbeläge aufgebracht'' 1. Electrical capacitor, the dielectric of which consists of a body of densely sintered, reduced ceramic based on barium titanate with oxidized surface layers, on which the capacitor pads are applied ίο sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die das Dielektrikum bildende Keramik einen Zusatz von bis zu 12%, vorzugsweise 2 bis 6% Wismutoxyd enthält.
2. Elektrischer Kondensator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die das Dielektrikum bildende Keramik ferner Zusätze von Erdalkalizirkonaten und/oder -stannaten enthält.
ίο are, characterized in that the dielectric forming ceramic contains an additive of up to 12%, preferably 2 to 6% bismuth oxide.
2. Electrical capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that the ceramic forming the dielectric also contains additions of alkaline earth zirconates and / or stannates.
In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:
Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 717 682;
deutsche Auslegeschrift Nr. 1 097 568;
britische Patentschrift Nr. 574 577.
Considered publications:
German Patent No. 717 682;
German Auslegeschrift No. 1 097 568;
British Patent No. 574 577.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings 609 580/311 6.66 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin609 580/311 6.66 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin
DE1961R0029534 1961-01-25 1961-01-25 Electrical capacitor, the dielectric of which consists of a body made of reduced ceramic with oxidized surface layers Pending DE1219590B (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1961R0029534 DE1219590B (en) 1961-01-25 1961-01-25 Electrical capacitor, the dielectric of which consists of a body made of reduced ceramic with oxidized surface layers
GB4402161A GB960492A (en) 1961-01-25 1961-12-08 A capacitor dielectric
FR881728A FR1307848A (en) 1961-01-25 1961-12-12 Large capacity capacitor dielectric

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1961R0029534 DE1219590B (en) 1961-01-25 1961-01-25 Electrical capacitor, the dielectric of which consists of a body made of reduced ceramic with oxidized surface layers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1219590B true DE1219590B (en) 1966-06-23

Family

ID=7403040

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE1961R0029534 Pending DE1219590B (en) 1961-01-25 1961-01-25 Electrical capacitor, the dielectric of which consists of a body made of reduced ceramic with oxidized surface layers

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1219590B (en)
FR (1) FR1307848A (en)
GB (1) GB960492A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR90213E (en) * 1964-04-16 1967-11-03 Ibm High capacity electronic <micro miniature> decoupling device

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE717682C (en) * 1936-01-31 1942-02-19 Carl Schusterius Dr Electrical capacitor with a ceramic dielectric containing titanium dioxide
GB574577A (en) * 1942-12-08 1946-01-11 Dubilier Condenser Co 1925 Ltd Improvements in or relating to ceramic compositions
DE1097568B (en) * 1955-05-27 1961-01-19 Globe Union Inc Process for the production of a semiconductor device with a uniformly sintered body made of alkaline earth titanates

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE717682C (en) * 1936-01-31 1942-02-19 Carl Schusterius Dr Electrical capacitor with a ceramic dielectric containing titanium dioxide
GB574577A (en) * 1942-12-08 1946-01-11 Dubilier Condenser Co 1925 Ltd Improvements in or relating to ceramic compositions
DE1097568B (en) * 1955-05-27 1961-01-19 Globe Union Inc Process for the production of a semiconductor device with a uniformly sintered body made of alkaline earth titanates

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB960492A (en) 1964-06-10
FR1307848A (en) 1962-10-26

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