DE1069448B - Gears - Google Patents
GearsInfo
- Publication number
- DE1069448B DE1069448B DE1953M0020814 DEM0020814A DE1069448B DE 1069448 B DE1069448 B DE 1069448B DE 1953M0020814 DE1953M0020814 DE 1953M0020814 DE M0020814 A DEM0020814 A DE M0020814A DE 1069448 B DE1069448 B DE 1069448B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- gears
- coatings
- nitride
- boride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/041—Coatings or solid lubricants, e.g. antiseize layers or pastes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/56—Coatings, e.g. enameled or galvanised; Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C16/0272—Deposition of sub-layers, e.g. to promote the adhesion of the main coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/32—Carbides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/34—Nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/36—Carbonitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/38—Borides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/42—Silicides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/62—Selection of substances
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/26—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2909/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2803/00 - B29K2807/00, as mould material
- B29K2909/02—Ceramics
- B29K2909/04—Carbides; Nitrides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49462—Gear making
- Y10T29/49467—Gear shaping
- Y10T29/4948—Gear shaping with specific gear material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12229—Intermediate article [e.g., blank, etc.]
- Y10T428/12236—Panel having nonrectangular perimeter
- Y10T428/12243—Disk
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12674—Ge- or Si-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/21—Circular sheet or circular blank
- Y10T428/211—Gear
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/1987—Rotary bodies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Description
Zahnrader, wie Stirnrader, Kegelräder, Ritzel, Schnecken und Schneckenrader fur schwere Belastung und Kettenrader, sind besonders hohen Verschleißbeanspruchungen unterworfen Diese Beanspruchungen kommen durch das walkende Gegeneinanderarbeiten dieser Maschinenteile und die gleichzeitig dabei auftretenden hohen Drucke zustande Diese hohen Drucke verhindern den Aufbau eines zusammenhangenden Schmierfilms, so daß derart hochbeanspruchte Maschinenteile besonders an den Zahnflanken stark abgearbeitet werden, was meist durch das Fressen der gegeneinanderarbeitenden Werkstoffe begünstigt wird.Gears, such as spur gears, bevel gears, pinions, worms and worm gears for heavy loads and sprockets, are particularly high wear loads subject These stresses come from the working of these machine parts against each other and the high pressures occurring at the same time. These high pressures prevent the build-up a coherent lubricating film, so that such highly stressed machine parts especially on the tooth flanks are heavily processed, which is usually favored by the fretting of the materials that work against one another will.
Gegenstand der vorhegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung verschleißfester Hartstoffuberzuge auf Getrieberadern, insbesondere Zahnradern, wie Stirnradern, Kegelradern, Ritzeln, Schnecken, Schneckenradern, Kettenradern durch Gasplattieren, bei dem die Zahnflanken mit Nitrid, Bond oder Sihzid des Titans gasplattiert werdenThe present invention relates to a method for the production of wear-resistant hard material coatings on gear wheels, especially gear wheels such as spur gears, Bevel gears, pinions, worms, worm gears, chain wheels by gas plating, in which the Tooth flanks with nitride, bond or Sihzid of titanium be gas-plated
Es ist bekannt, Titannitrid aus der Gasphase, beispielsweise durch Reaktion von fitantetrachlond mit Wasserstoff und Stickstoff an glühenden Metallfaden bei Temperaturen über 10000C, abzuscheiden (A E van Arkel und J H deBoer, »Zeitschrift fur anorganische und allgemeine Chemie«, Bd 184, 1925, S 345, und K Moers »Zeitschrift fur anorganische und allgemeine Chemie«, Bd 198, 1931, S 243)It is known, titanium nitride from the gas phase, for example by reaction of fitantetrachlond with hydrogen and nitrogen at glowing metal filament at temperatures above 1000 0 C to deposit (AE van Arkel and JH deBoer, "Zeitschrift fur Inorganic Chemistry", Vol 184, 1925 , S 345, and K Moers "Journal for inorganic and general chemistry", Vol 198, 1931, S 243)
TiCl4 + 2H2 + V2N2 *=* TiN + 4HClTiCl 4 + 2H 2 + V 2 N 2 * = * TiN + 4HCl
Diese Arbeiten zielten auf die Herstellung der reinen Hartstoffe und deren Verwendung fur Gluhkathoden ab Als ausgeprägte Eigenschaften dieser Stoffgruppe werden das metallische Aussehen, die große Harte, die Sprodigkeit und Bruchigkeit (glass-like bnttleness) und die schlechte Bearbeitbarkeit übereinstimmend hervorgehoben (J E Campbell, C F Powell, D H Nowicki und B W. Conser, »Journal of the Electrochemical Society«, Bd 96, 1949, S 318)This work was aimed at producing the pure Hard materials and their use for glow cathodes are considered to be distinctive properties of this group of substances the metallic appearance, the great hardness, the brittleness and breakage (glass-like bnttleness) and the bad Editability highlighted consistently (J E Campbell, C F Powell, D H Nowicki and B W. Conser, "Journal of the Electrochemical Society", Vol 96, 1949, p 318)
Der Fachmann mußte annehmen, daß derart spröde Stoffe schon bei geringen Belastungen ausbrechen und fur Maschinenteile, die gleichzeitig gleitender und rollender Reibung (Schrotung) ausgesetzt sind, völlig ungeeignete Werkstoffe darstellen Es war zu erwarten, daß die dabei ausgebrochenen Teilchen auf die gegeneinanderarbeitenden Maschinenteile als Schmirgel wirken Aus der anerkannt schlechten Bearbeitbarkeit dieser Materialien konnte man nur folgern, daß die in Form von Überzügen abgeschiedenen Hartstoffe im Abscheidungszustand, d h mit hoher Oberflachenrauhigkeit eingesetzt werden mußten Daher war auch aus der Anregung, Gleitlager und Auskleidungen von Sandstrahlgeblasen mit harten Nitriden und Bonden durch Gasplattierung zu versehen, nichts fur die Eignung solcher Überzuge fur Zahnrader zu entnehmen, da die Verschleißbeanspruchung in beidenThe person skilled in the art had to assume that such brittle substances break out even at low loads and Machine parts that slide and roll at the same time Exposed to friction (shot), completely unsuitable Representing materials It was to be expected that the particles that broke out would affect those working against one another Machine parts act as emery The acknowledged poor machinability of these materials was evident only infer that those deposited in the form of coatings Hard materials in the deposition state, i.e. with high surface roughness had to be used Therefore, it was also from the suggestion, plain bearings and linings by sandblasting with hard nitrides and bonding by gas plating, nothing for to determine the suitability of such coatings for gears, because the wear and tear in both
Anmelder:Applicant:
Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt/M., Reuterweg 14Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt / M., Reuterweg 14
Dr Arnold Munster und Dipl -Ing Dr Richard Weber,Dr Arnold Munster and Dipl -Ing Dr Richard Weber,
Frankfurt/M., sind als Erfinder genannt wordenFrankfurt / M., Have been named as inventors
Fallen verschieden ist, abgesehen davon, daß sich die Eignung fur Auskleidungen von Sandstrahlgeblasen nicht bestätigt hat Bisher bestand daher auch immer die Ansicht, daß fur auf Verschleiß beanspruchte Teile Hartstoffe nur zusammen mit duktilen Hilfsmetallen in Form der Hartmetallegierungen eingesetzt werden können (O Knotek, »Technische Mitteilungen«, Bd 47, 1954, S 214)Fall is different, apart from the fact that the Suitability for linings of sandblasted blown has not been confirmed View that for parts subject to wear and tear, hard materials can only be used together with ductile auxiliary metals Form of hard metal alloys can be used (O Knotek, "Technische Mitteilungen", Vol 47, 1954, S 214)
Man hat danach auf Verschleiß beanspruchte Teile mit Auflagen aus Hartmetallegierungen versehen Es wurde auch schon vorgeschlagen, durch Diffusionsverfahren hartmetallegierungsartige Überzuge beispielsweise durch Eindiffundieren von Titan und ähnlichen Metallen und anschließende Nitnerhartung herzustellen Derartige heterogene Auflagen und Überzuge sind meist nicht nur korrosionsanfällig, sondern neigen auch unter Reibungsbeanspruchungen, insbesondere beiungenugender Schmierung, sehr stark zum Fressen Es ist auch bekannt, Zahnrader mit Hartchromuberzugen zu versehen, doch sind diese ebenso wie die Hartstoffuberzuge den erfindungsgemaß verwendeten Titannitnduberzugen wegen ihrer geringen Harte, schlechteren Ölhaftung und Neigung zum Fressen unterlegenSubsequently, parts subject to wear and tear were provided with coatings made of hard metal alloys has also already been proposed, for example, hard metal alloy-like coatings by diffusion processes by diffusing in titanium and similar metals and then hardening the nitride Such heterogeneous editions and coatings are mostly not only susceptible to corrosion, but also tend to be exposed to frictional stresses, in particular less severe Lubrication, very strong for seizure It is also known to provide gearwheels with hard chrome plating, but are these as well as the hard material coatings according to the invention used titanium titanium coatings because of their inferior to low hardness, poor oil adhesion and tendency to seize
Der Gegenstand der Erfindung beruht zunächst auf den bereits veröffentlichten Erkenntnissen, daß fur die Aufbringung der Titanmtriduberzuge keine Temperaturen über 10000C erforderlich sind und Titannitnduberzuge in Schichtstarken zwischen 1 und 100 μ trotz des ubergangslosen, d h diffusionslosen Aufwachsens auf das Grundmaterial so gut auf diesem haften, daß sie noch Verformungen des Grundmaterials mitmachen, ohne abzuplatzen Eine andere auffallende, technisch wichtige Eigenschaft ist die gute Ölhaftung sowie die, daß die Titannitnduberzuge trotz ihrer metallischen Eigenschaften bei gleitenden Beanspruchungen gegen metallische Gegenflachen auch bei ungunstigen Schmierbedingungen oder ausbleibender Schmierung nicht zum Fressen neigen und sich wie nichtmetallische Trennschichten verhalten.The subject invention is initially based on the previously published findings that for, the application of the Titanmtriduberzuge k a temperatures above 1000 0 C required and Titannitnduberzuge μ in layer strengths between 1 and 100 in spite of the transition-free, ie diffusionless growth on the base material so good in this Adhere to the fact that they still participate in deformations of the base material without peeling off Another noticeable, technically important property is good oil adhesion and the fact that the titanium titanium covers, despite their metallic properties, do not tend to seize when subjected to sliding loads against metallic counter surfaces, even under unfavorable lubrication conditions or lack of lubrication and behave like non-metallic separating layers.
909 649/238909 649/238
Gerade in diesem Punkt unterscheiden sich die reinen Titannitridschichten grundsätzlich und besonders vorteilhaft von den Hartmetallegierungen. Bei Laufversuchen mit Titannitridüberzügen gegen andere Gegenwerkstoffe, beispielsweise Stahl und Bronze, hat sich ergeben, daß diese Überzüge trotz ihrer hohen Härte und wiederholt festgestellten Sprödbrüchigkeit ein gutes Einlauf vermögen zeigen und — was völlig überraschend ist — nur einen besonders geringen Verschleiß des Gegenwerkstoffes verursachen.It is precisely in this point that the pure titanium nitride layers differ fundamentally and particularly advantageously of the hard metal alloys. When running tests with titanium nitride coatings against other counter materials, steel and bronze, for example, it has been found that these coatings, despite their high hardness, are repeated found brittleness show a good enema ability and - which is completely surprising - only one cause particularly low wear of the counter material.
Ähnliches Verhalten zeigen auch Überzüge aus Titanborid und Titansilizid, die in bekannter Weise ebenfalls durch Reaktion aus der Gasphase abgeschieden werden können.Coatings made from titanium boride and titanium silicide also show similar behavior, in a known manner can be deposited from the gas phase by reaction.
Es wurde weiter gefunden, daß dem Nitrid, Borid und Silizid des Titans auch noch harte Karbide, Nitride, Boride und Suizide der Metalle der III. bis VI. Gruppe des Periodischen Systems, vorzugsweise homogen, gegebenenfalls heterogen, beigegeben sein können. Es kann also auch vorteilhaft sein, nicht die reinen Hartstoffe aufzubringen,sondern Mischkristalle^ntereinander. Einen heterogenen Überzug, bestehend aus einer Schicht Titannitrid und einer Schicht Titankarbid, kann man dadurch aufbringen, daß man zunächst das Zahnrad mit einem Titannitridüberzug versieht. Auf dieser Schicht scheidet man dann durch Reaktion einer Gasmischung aus Titantetrachlorid, Wasserstoff und Kohlenwasserstoffen, beispielsweise Methan, eine weitere Schicht, bestehend aus Titankarbid, ab.It was also found that the nitride, boride and silicide of titanium also have hard carbides, nitrides, Borides and suicides of metals of the III. to VI. Group of the periodic table, preferably homogeneous, optionally heterogeneous, may be added. So it can also be advantageous, not the pure hard materials to apply, but mixed crystals one on top of the other. A A heterogeneous coating, consisting of a layer of titanium nitride and a layer of titanium carbide, can be used in this way apply that one first provides the gear with a titanium nitride coating. This layer separates one then by reaction of a gas mixture of titanium tetrachloride, hydrogen and hydrocarbons, for example Methane, another layer consisting of titanium carbide.
Derartige Überzüge lassen sich mit Hilfe von in Wasser aufgeschlämmtem Aluminiumoxyd oder in Spindelöl aufgeschlämmtem Borkarbidpulver auf eine hohe Oberflächengüte polieren und zeigen in dem so vorbearbeiteten Zustand ein besonders günstiges Verschleißverhalten.Such coatings can be made with the aid of aluminum oxide suspended in water or in spindle oil Polish slurried boron carbide powder to a high surface quality and show it in the pre-processed Condition a particularly favorable wear behavior.
Die Verwendung von Überzügen aus den reinen Nitriden, Boriden und Suiziden der übrigen Metalle der III. bis VI. Gruppe des Periodischen Systems ist zur Zeit noch wegen der hohen Rohstoffkosten gegenüber den ίο Titanverbindungen unwirtschaftlich oder mit besonderen Herstellun gsschwierigkeiten verbunden.The use of coatings from the pure nitrides, borides and suicides of the other metals of the III. to VI. Group of the periodic table is currently still due to the high raw material costs compared to the ίο Titanium compounds uneconomical or with special Manufacturing difficulties associated.
Claims (2)
Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1949, S. 332Considered publications:
Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1949, p. 332
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE769467X | 1953-11-16 | ||
DE760664X | 1953-11-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1069448B true DE1069448B (en) | 1959-11-19 |
Family
ID=31979328
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1953M0020814 Pending DE1069448B (en) | 1953-11-16 | 1953-11-16 | Gears |
DEM20941A Expired DE954564C (en) | 1953-11-16 | 1953-11-25 | Rolling bearings with hard surfaces |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEM20941A Expired DE954564C (en) | 1953-11-16 | 1953-11-25 | Rolling bearings with hard surfaces |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2836514A (en) |
DE (2) | DE1069448B (en) |
FR (4) | FR1113043A (en) |
GB (3) | GB769467A (en) |
Families Citing this family (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2962388A (en) * | 1954-03-12 | 1960-11-29 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for the production of titanium carbide coatings |
US2962399A (en) * | 1956-05-07 | 1960-11-29 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for the deposition of titanium carbide coatings |
US2926111A (en) * | 1958-04-03 | 1960-02-23 | Donald G Schweitzer | Method of forming a protective coating on ferrous metal surfaces |
GB964566A (en) * | 1961-08-17 | 1964-07-22 | Volvo Ab | Improvements in or relating to gas turbine power plants |
BE634012A (en) * | 1961-10-03 | |||
FR1409876A (en) * | 1964-07-22 | 1965-09-03 | Berliet Automobiles | Surface treatment to jointly improve friction and sealing |
US3787223A (en) * | 1968-10-16 | 1974-01-22 | Texas Instruments Inc | Chemical vapor deposition coatings on titanium |
US3807008A (en) * | 1969-05-02 | 1974-04-30 | Texas Instruments Inc | Chemical vapor deposition coatings on titanium |
BE759088A (en) * | 1969-11-28 | 1971-04-30 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag | COATING LAYER FOR HARD METAL ELEMENTS FOR MACHINING WITH OR WITHOUT CHIPS REMOVAL AND PROCESS FOR DEPOSITING SUCH A LAYER |
SE357772B (en) * | 1972-08-18 | 1973-07-09 | Sandvik Ab | |
US3900592A (en) * | 1973-07-25 | 1975-08-19 | Airco Inc | Method for coating a substrate to provide a titanium or zirconium nitride or carbide deposit having a hardness gradient which increases outwardly from the substrate |
NL7405069A (en) * | 1974-04-16 | 1975-10-20 | Philips Nv | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL ARTICLES WITH A CORROSION BY A LEAD CONTAINING METAL MELT PROTECTIVE LAYER OF ZIRCOON NITRIDE AND OBJECT OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS. |
US3959557A (en) * | 1974-11-04 | 1976-05-25 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Wear-resistant, nonabrading tic article and process for making |
CH624741A5 (en) * | 1977-01-21 | 1981-08-14 | Suisse Horlogerie Rech Lab | Precision rolling bearing |
EP0079860A1 (en) * | 1981-11-16 | 1983-05-25 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Matrix surface for precision moulding or pressing plastics material, in particular for information carrying discs, and method of coating this surface |
NL8203255A (en) * | 1982-08-19 | 1984-03-16 | Arbo Handel Ontwikkeling | DIE FOR COVERING PARTS OF ELEMENTS WITH PLASTIC. |
JPS59219122A (en) * | 1983-05-27 | 1984-12-10 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Covered sintered hard alloy tool and manufacturing method thereof |
JPS61170559A (en) * | 1985-01-21 | 1986-08-01 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Cover sintered hard alloy |
DE3605558C5 (en) * | 1985-04-12 | 2004-10-14 | Volkswagen Ag | Clutch disks for a fluid friction clutch and method of manufacturing the same |
JPS61288062A (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1986-12-18 | エヌ・ベ−・フイリツプス・フル−イランペンフアブリケン | Improvement of abrasion resistance of titanium matter |
DE4007483C2 (en) * | 1989-03-21 | 1997-02-20 | Moenninghoff Gmbh & Co Kg Masc | Overload clutch |
US5075181A (en) * | 1989-05-05 | 1991-12-24 | Kennametal Inc. | High hardness/high compressive stress multilayer coated tool |
DE4113526A1 (en) * | 1991-04-25 | 1992-10-29 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Roller bearing - has one or more working parts coated with hard corrosion resistant material, typically chrome or tantalum carbide |
JPH07139631A (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-05-30 | Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd | Pressure ring |
EP0827817A1 (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 1998-03-11 | Sandvik Aktiebolag | Coated chain saw nose sprocket |
US6432022B1 (en) | 1998-05-15 | 2002-08-13 | Alpha Getriebebau Gmbh | Low-play planetary gear mechanism |
US6846261B2 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2005-01-25 | General Motors Corporation | Planetary gearset with multi-layer coated sun gear |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1098794A (en) * | 1912-10-29 | 1914-06-02 | Nat Carbon Co | Article with protective coating. |
FR581574A (en) * | 1923-05-18 | 1924-12-02 | ||
US1923814A (en) * | 1931-08-11 | 1933-08-22 | Electro Metallurg Co | Nitriding |
DE692212C (en) * | 1936-04-19 | 1940-06-14 | Bernhard Berghaus | Process for the annealing of objects made from metals, in particular from light metals such as aluminum, or light metal alloys |
DE726558C (en) * | 1939-01-15 | 1942-10-15 | Daimler Benz Ag | Process for improving the running properties of roller bearings |
DE764144C (en) * | 1939-09-05 | 1952-07-24 | Hartmetallwerkzeugfabrik Meuts | Process for the production of hard supports for knives, cutting tools and other work equipment |
CH214452A (en) * | 1940-04-20 | 1941-04-30 | Kohl Hans | Roller bearing. |
US2307005A (en) * | 1940-06-21 | 1942-12-29 | Ruben Samuel | Method of treating metal composition |
US2331909A (en) * | 1940-12-04 | 1943-10-19 | Mallory & Co Inc P R | Gear and the like |
CH261180A (en) * | 1947-01-03 | 1949-04-30 | Engvall Albert | Process for the manufacture of rollers for roller bearings. |
CH277400A (en) * | 1948-01-08 | 1951-08-31 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Process for increasing the resistance of the surface of steel parts to wear, especially at high temperatures. |
-
1953
- 1953-11-16 DE DE1953M0020814 patent/DE1069448B/en active Pending
- 1953-11-25 DE DEM20941A patent/DE954564C/en not_active Expired
-
1954
- 1954-11-15 US US468934A patent/US2836514A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1954-11-16 FR FR1113043D patent/FR1113043A/en not_active Expired
- 1954-11-16 GB GB33198/54A patent/GB769467A/en not_active Expired
- 1954-11-23 FR FR1118086D patent/FR1118086A/en not_active Expired
- 1954-11-23 FR FR1113670D patent/FR1113670A/en not_active Expired
- 1954-11-23 GB GB33975/54A patent/GB762931A/en not_active Expired
- 1954-11-23 FR FR1113669D patent/FR1113669A/en not_active Expired
- 1954-11-23 GB GB33972/54A patent/GB760664A/en not_active Expired
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US2836514A (en) | 1958-05-27 |
FR1113670A (en) | 1956-04-03 |
GB769467A (en) | 1957-03-06 |
DE954564C (en) | 1956-12-20 |
FR1118086A (en) | 1956-05-31 |
GB760664A (en) | 1956-11-07 |
FR1113669A (en) | 1956-04-03 |
GB762931A (en) | 1956-12-05 |
FR1113043A (en) | 1956-03-22 |
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