DE1069448B - Gears - Google Patents

Gears

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Publication number
DE1069448B
DE1069448B DE1953M0020814 DEM0020814A DE1069448B DE 1069448 B DE1069448 B DE 1069448B DE 1953M0020814 DE1953M0020814 DE 1953M0020814 DE M0020814 A DEM0020814 A DE M0020814A DE 1069448 B DE1069448 B DE 1069448B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
titanium
gears
coatings
nitride
boride
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE1953M0020814
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Frankfurt/M Dr. Arnold Münster und Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Richard Weber
Original Assignee
MetallgeseMschaft Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt/M
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MetallgeseMschaft Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt/M filed Critical MetallgeseMschaft Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt/M
Publication of DE1069448B publication Critical patent/DE1069448B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/041Coatings or solid lubricants, e.g. antiseize layers or pastes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/56Coatings, e.g. enameled or galvanised; Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/02Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C16/0272Deposition of sub-layers, e.g. to promote the adhesion of the main coating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/32Carbides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/34Nitrides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/36Carbonitrides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/38Borides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/42Silicides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/62Selection of substances
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/26Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2909/00Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2803/00 - B29K2807/00, as mould material
    • B29K2909/02Ceramics
    • B29K2909/04Carbides; Nitrides
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49462Gear making
    • Y10T29/49467Gear shaping
    • Y10T29/4948Gear shaping with specific gear material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12229Intermediate article [e.g., blank, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12236Panel having nonrectangular perimeter
    • Y10T428/12243Disk
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12674Ge- or Si-base component
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12806Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12903Cu-base component
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12951Fe-base component
    • Y10T428/12972Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/21Circular sheet or circular blank
    • Y10T428/211Gear
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19Gearing
    • Y10T74/1987Rotary bodies

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Description

Zahnrader, wie Stirnrader, Kegelräder, Ritzel, Schnecken und Schneckenrader fur schwere Belastung und Kettenrader, sind besonders hohen Verschleißbeanspruchungen unterworfen Diese Beanspruchungen kommen durch das walkende Gegeneinanderarbeiten dieser Maschinenteile und die gleichzeitig dabei auftretenden hohen Drucke zustande Diese hohen Drucke verhindern den Aufbau eines zusammenhangenden Schmierfilms, so daß derart hochbeanspruchte Maschinenteile besonders an den Zahnflanken stark abgearbeitet werden, was meist durch das Fressen der gegeneinanderarbeitenden Werkstoffe begünstigt wird.Gears, such as spur gears, bevel gears, pinions, worms and worm gears for heavy loads and sprockets, are particularly high wear loads subject These stresses come from the working of these machine parts against each other and the high pressures occurring at the same time. These high pressures prevent the build-up a coherent lubricating film, so that such highly stressed machine parts especially on the tooth flanks are heavily processed, which is usually favored by the fretting of the materials that work against one another will.

Gegenstand der vorhegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung verschleißfester Hartstoffuberzuge auf Getrieberadern, insbesondere Zahnradern, wie Stirnradern, Kegelradern, Ritzeln, Schnecken, Schneckenradern, Kettenradern durch Gasplattieren, bei dem die Zahnflanken mit Nitrid, Bond oder Sihzid des Titans gasplattiert werdenThe present invention relates to a method for the production of wear-resistant hard material coatings on gear wheels, especially gear wheels such as spur gears, Bevel gears, pinions, worms, worm gears, chain wheels by gas plating, in which the Tooth flanks with nitride, bond or Sihzid of titanium be gas-plated

Es ist bekannt, Titannitrid aus der Gasphase, beispielsweise durch Reaktion von fitantetrachlond mit Wasserstoff und Stickstoff an glühenden Metallfaden bei Temperaturen über 10000C, abzuscheiden (A E van Arkel und J H deBoer, »Zeitschrift fur anorganische und allgemeine Chemie«, Bd 184, 1925, S 345, und K Moers »Zeitschrift fur anorganische und allgemeine Chemie«, Bd 198, 1931, S 243)It is known, titanium nitride from the gas phase, for example by reaction of fitantetrachlond with hydrogen and nitrogen at glowing metal filament at temperatures above 1000 0 C to deposit (AE van Arkel and JH deBoer, "Zeitschrift fur Inorganic Chemistry", Vol 184, 1925 , S 345, and K Moers "Journal for inorganic and general chemistry", Vol 198, 1931, S 243)

TiCl4 + 2H2 + V2N2 *=* TiN + 4HClTiCl 4 + 2H 2 + V 2 N 2 * = * TiN + 4HCl

Diese Arbeiten zielten auf die Herstellung der reinen Hartstoffe und deren Verwendung fur Gluhkathoden ab Als ausgeprägte Eigenschaften dieser Stoffgruppe werden das metallische Aussehen, die große Harte, die Sprodigkeit und Bruchigkeit (glass-like bnttleness) und die schlechte Bearbeitbarkeit übereinstimmend hervorgehoben (J E Campbell, C F Powell, D H Nowicki und B W. Conser, »Journal of the Electrochemical Society«, Bd 96, 1949, S 318)This work was aimed at producing the pure Hard materials and their use for glow cathodes are considered to be distinctive properties of this group of substances the metallic appearance, the great hardness, the brittleness and breakage (glass-like bnttleness) and the bad Editability highlighted consistently (J E Campbell, C F Powell, D H Nowicki and B W. Conser, "Journal of the Electrochemical Society", Vol 96, 1949, p 318)

Der Fachmann mußte annehmen, daß derart spröde Stoffe schon bei geringen Belastungen ausbrechen und fur Maschinenteile, die gleichzeitig gleitender und rollender Reibung (Schrotung) ausgesetzt sind, völlig ungeeignete Werkstoffe darstellen Es war zu erwarten, daß die dabei ausgebrochenen Teilchen auf die gegeneinanderarbeitenden Maschinenteile als Schmirgel wirken Aus der anerkannt schlechten Bearbeitbarkeit dieser Materialien konnte man nur folgern, daß die in Form von Überzügen abgeschiedenen Hartstoffe im Abscheidungszustand, d h mit hoher Oberflachenrauhigkeit eingesetzt werden mußten Daher war auch aus der Anregung, Gleitlager und Auskleidungen von Sandstrahlgeblasen mit harten Nitriden und Bonden durch Gasplattierung zu versehen, nichts fur die Eignung solcher Überzuge fur Zahnrader zu entnehmen, da die Verschleißbeanspruchung in beidenThe person skilled in the art had to assume that such brittle substances break out even at low loads and Machine parts that slide and roll at the same time Exposed to friction (shot), completely unsuitable Representing materials It was to be expected that the particles that broke out would affect those working against one another Machine parts act as emery The acknowledged poor machinability of these materials was evident only infer that those deposited in the form of coatings Hard materials in the deposition state, i.e. with high surface roughness had to be used Therefore, it was also from the suggestion, plain bearings and linings by sandblasting with hard nitrides and bonding by gas plating, nothing for to determine the suitability of such coatings for gears, because the wear and tear in both

Anmelder:Applicant:

Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt/M., Reuterweg 14Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt / M., Reuterweg 14

Dr Arnold Munster und Dipl -Ing Dr Richard Weber,Dr Arnold Munster and Dipl -Ing Dr Richard Weber,

Frankfurt/M., sind als Erfinder genannt wordenFrankfurt / M., Have been named as inventors

Fallen verschieden ist, abgesehen davon, daß sich die Eignung fur Auskleidungen von Sandstrahlgeblasen nicht bestätigt hat Bisher bestand daher auch immer die Ansicht, daß fur auf Verschleiß beanspruchte Teile Hartstoffe nur zusammen mit duktilen Hilfsmetallen in Form der Hartmetallegierungen eingesetzt werden können (O Knotek, »Technische Mitteilungen«, Bd 47, 1954, S 214)Fall is different, apart from the fact that the Suitability for linings of sandblasted blown has not been confirmed View that for parts subject to wear and tear, hard materials can only be used together with ductile auxiliary metals Form of hard metal alloys can be used (O Knotek, "Technische Mitteilungen", Vol 47, 1954, S 214)

Man hat danach auf Verschleiß beanspruchte Teile mit Auflagen aus Hartmetallegierungen versehen Es wurde auch schon vorgeschlagen, durch Diffusionsverfahren hartmetallegierungsartige Überzuge beispielsweise durch Eindiffundieren von Titan und ähnlichen Metallen und anschließende Nitnerhartung herzustellen Derartige heterogene Auflagen und Überzuge sind meist nicht nur korrosionsanfällig, sondern neigen auch unter Reibungsbeanspruchungen, insbesondere beiungenugender Schmierung, sehr stark zum Fressen Es ist auch bekannt, Zahnrader mit Hartchromuberzugen zu versehen, doch sind diese ebenso wie die Hartstoffuberzuge den erfindungsgemaß verwendeten Titannitnduberzugen wegen ihrer geringen Harte, schlechteren Ölhaftung und Neigung zum Fressen unterlegenSubsequently, parts subject to wear and tear were provided with coatings made of hard metal alloys has also already been proposed, for example, hard metal alloy-like coatings by diffusion processes by diffusing in titanium and similar metals and then hardening the nitride Such heterogeneous editions and coatings are mostly not only susceptible to corrosion, but also tend to be exposed to frictional stresses, in particular less severe Lubrication, very strong for seizure It is also known to provide gearwheels with hard chrome plating, but are these as well as the hard material coatings according to the invention used titanium titanium coatings because of their inferior to low hardness, poor oil adhesion and tendency to seize

Der Gegenstand der Erfindung beruht zunächst auf den bereits veröffentlichten Erkenntnissen, daß fur die Aufbringung der Titanmtriduberzuge keine Temperaturen über 10000C erforderlich sind und Titannitnduberzuge in Schichtstarken zwischen 1 und 100 μ trotz des ubergangslosen, d h diffusionslosen Aufwachsens auf das Grundmaterial so gut auf diesem haften, daß sie noch Verformungen des Grundmaterials mitmachen, ohne abzuplatzen Eine andere auffallende, technisch wichtige Eigenschaft ist die gute Ölhaftung sowie die, daß die Titannitnduberzuge trotz ihrer metallischen Eigenschaften bei gleitenden Beanspruchungen gegen metallische Gegenflachen auch bei ungunstigen Schmierbedingungen oder ausbleibender Schmierung nicht zum Fressen neigen und sich wie nichtmetallische Trennschichten verhalten.The subject invention is initially based on the previously published findings that for, the application of the Titanmtriduberzuge k a temperatures above 1000 0 C required and Titannitnduberzuge μ in layer strengths between 1 and 100 in spite of the transition-free, ie diffusionless growth on the base material so good in this Adhere to the fact that they still participate in deformations of the base material without peeling off Another noticeable, technically important property is good oil adhesion and the fact that the titanium titanium covers, despite their metallic properties, do not tend to seize when subjected to sliding loads against metallic counter surfaces, even under unfavorable lubrication conditions or lack of lubrication and behave like non-metallic separating layers.

909 649/238909 649/238

Gerade in diesem Punkt unterscheiden sich die reinen Titannitridschichten grundsätzlich und besonders vorteilhaft von den Hartmetallegierungen. Bei Laufversuchen mit Titannitridüberzügen gegen andere Gegenwerkstoffe, beispielsweise Stahl und Bronze, hat sich ergeben, daß diese Überzüge trotz ihrer hohen Härte und wiederholt festgestellten Sprödbrüchigkeit ein gutes Einlauf vermögen zeigen und — was völlig überraschend ist — nur einen besonders geringen Verschleiß des Gegenwerkstoffes verursachen.It is precisely in this point that the pure titanium nitride layers differ fundamentally and particularly advantageously of the hard metal alloys. When running tests with titanium nitride coatings against other counter materials, steel and bronze, for example, it has been found that these coatings, despite their high hardness, are repeated found brittleness show a good enema ability and - which is completely surprising - only one cause particularly low wear of the counter material.

Ähnliches Verhalten zeigen auch Überzüge aus Titanborid und Titansilizid, die in bekannter Weise ebenfalls durch Reaktion aus der Gasphase abgeschieden werden können.Coatings made from titanium boride and titanium silicide also show similar behavior, in a known manner can be deposited from the gas phase by reaction.

Es wurde weiter gefunden, daß dem Nitrid, Borid und Silizid des Titans auch noch harte Karbide, Nitride, Boride und Suizide der Metalle der III. bis VI. Gruppe des Periodischen Systems, vorzugsweise homogen, gegebenenfalls heterogen, beigegeben sein können. Es kann also auch vorteilhaft sein, nicht die reinen Hartstoffe aufzubringen,sondern Mischkristalle^ntereinander. Einen heterogenen Überzug, bestehend aus einer Schicht Titannitrid und einer Schicht Titankarbid, kann man dadurch aufbringen, daß man zunächst das Zahnrad mit einem Titannitridüberzug versieht. Auf dieser Schicht scheidet man dann durch Reaktion einer Gasmischung aus Titantetrachlorid, Wasserstoff und Kohlenwasserstoffen, beispielsweise Methan, eine weitere Schicht, bestehend aus Titankarbid, ab.It was also found that the nitride, boride and silicide of titanium also have hard carbides, nitrides, Borides and suicides of metals of the III. to VI. Group of the periodic table, preferably homogeneous, optionally heterogeneous, may be added. So it can also be advantageous, not the pure hard materials to apply, but mixed crystals one on top of the other. A A heterogeneous coating, consisting of a layer of titanium nitride and a layer of titanium carbide, can be used in this way apply that one first provides the gear with a titanium nitride coating. This layer separates one then by reaction of a gas mixture of titanium tetrachloride, hydrogen and hydrocarbons, for example Methane, another layer consisting of titanium carbide.

Derartige Überzüge lassen sich mit Hilfe von in Wasser aufgeschlämmtem Aluminiumoxyd oder in Spindelöl aufgeschlämmtem Borkarbidpulver auf eine hohe Oberflächengüte polieren und zeigen in dem so vorbearbeiteten Zustand ein besonders günstiges Verschleißverhalten.Such coatings can be made with the aid of aluminum oxide suspended in water or in spindle oil Polish slurried boron carbide powder to a high surface quality and show it in the pre-processed Condition a particularly favorable wear behavior.

Die Verwendung von Überzügen aus den reinen Nitriden, Boriden und Suiziden der übrigen Metalle der III. bis VI. Gruppe des Periodischen Systems ist zur Zeit noch wegen der hohen Rohstoffkosten gegenüber den ίο Titanverbindungen unwirtschaftlich oder mit besonderen Herstellun gsschwierigkeiten verbunden.The use of coatings from the pure nitrides, borides and suicides of the other metals of the III. to VI. Group of the periodic table is currently still due to the high raw material costs compared to the ίο Titanium compounds uneconomical or with special Manufacturing difficulties associated.

Claims (2)

Patentansprüche:Patent claims: 1. Verfahren zum Herstellen verschleißfester Hartstoffüberzüge auf Getrieberädern, insbesondere Zahnrädern, wie Stirnrädern, Kegelrädern, Ritzeln, Schnecken und Schneckenrädern, Kettenrädern, durch Gasplattieren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zahnflanken mit Nitrid, Borid und/oder Silizid des Titans gasplattiert werden.1. Process for producing wear-resistant hard material coatings on gear wheels, in particular gear wheels, such as spur gears, bevel gears, pinions, worms and worm gears, chain wheels Gas plating, characterized in that the tooth flanks are coated with nitride, boride and / or silicide of titanium be gas-plated. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf der Nitrid-, Borid- und/oder Silizidschicht des Titans eine weitere aus Titankarbid bestehende Schicht abgeschieden wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that on the nitride, boride and / or silicide layer Another layer consisting of titanium carbide is deposited on the titanium. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:
Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1949, S. 332
Considered publications:
Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1949, p. 332
© 909 649/238 11.59© 909 649/238 11:59
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US2836514A (en) 1958-05-27
FR1113670A (en) 1956-04-03
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GB760664A (en) 1956-11-07
FR1113669A (en) 1956-04-03
GB762931A (en) 1956-12-05
FR1113043A (en) 1956-03-22

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