DE1028261B - Process for improving the flowability of phosphors - Google Patents

Process for improving the flowability of phosphors

Info

Publication number
DE1028261B
DE1028261B DEA19444A DEA0019444A DE1028261B DE 1028261 B DE1028261 B DE 1028261B DE A19444 A DEA19444 A DE A19444A DE A0019444 A DEA0019444 A DE A0019444A DE 1028261 B DE1028261 B DE 1028261B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
phosphors
solution
flowability
silica
phosphor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEA19444A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Siegbert Lehmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Auergesellschaft GmbH
Original Assignee
Auergesellschaft GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Auergesellschaft GmbH filed Critical Auergesellschaft GmbH
Priority to DEA19444A priority Critical patent/DE1028261B/en
Priority claimed from GB7343/56A external-priority patent/GB797316A/en
Publication of DE1028261B publication Critical patent/DE1028261B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D295/00Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
    • C07D295/16Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms
    • C07D295/20Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms acylated on ring nitrogen atoms by radicals derived from carbonic acid, or sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof
    • C07D295/21Radicals derived from sulfur analogues of carbonic acid
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    • C09K11/00Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/08Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
    • C09K11/59Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing silicon
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    • C09K11/08Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
    • C09K11/63Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing boron
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    • C09K11/67Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing refractory metals
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    • C10M135/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/12Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M135/14Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)

Description

DEUTSCHESGERMAN

Es sind zwei Verfahren für das Einbringen von Leuchtstoffen in Leuchtstoffröhren und -lampen üblich. Bei dem einen, dem Schlämmverfahren, wird der äußerst feinkörnige Leuchtstoff mit dem Bindemittel angerührt und die entstandene Aufschlämmung dann durch Druckluft oder Vakuum in die Röhren hineingedrückt bzw. -gesaugt. Bei dem anderen, dem sogenannten Einstäub- oder Perlverfahren, wird zuerst das Bindemittel eingebracht und dann der Leuchtstoff darauf aufgestäubt.There are two common methods of introducing phosphors into fluorescent tubes and lamps. In one, the slurry process, the extremely fine-grained phosphor is mixed with the binder and the resulting slurry is then pressed into the tubes by compressed air or vacuum or sucked. In the other, the so-called dusting or beading process, the first step is introduced the binder and then dusted the phosphor on it.

Um bei dem zweiten Verfahren eine brauchbare, gleichmäßige Leuchtstoffschicht zu erzielen, muß der Leuchtstoff eine gute Rieselfähigkeit besitzen.In order to achieve a usable, uniform phosphor layer in the second method, the must Fluorescent material have good flow properties.

Die meisten der nach den großtechnischen Verfahren hergestellten Leuchtstoffe haben aber eine so kleine Korngröße, daß sie für Einstäubverfahren nicht ohne weiteres zu verwenden sind. Für die Nachbehandlung derartiger Leuchtstoffe sind schon mehrere Verfahren bekannt, von denen aber keines voll befriedigen kann. Entweder werden die Leuchtstoffe dabei in ihrer Lebensdauer und/oder Helligkeit beeinträchtigt, oder sie können in der Technik nur unter großem Aufwand durchgeführt werden und erhöhen damit die Herstellungskosten der Leuchtstoffe. Bekanntlich werden Silicatleuchtstoffe, wie Zink-, CaI-cium- und Zink-Beryllium-Silicate, mit einem Überschuß an Kieselsäure hergestellt. Durch diesen Kieselsäureüberschuß fallen die Leuchtstoffe in einem sehr feinen, pulvrigen Zustand an. Durch Kochen mit verdünnten alkalischen Lösungen, wie Natrium- oder Kaliumcarbonat, wurden diese Leuchtstoffe rieselfähig gemacht. Es ist einzusehen, daß diese heiße Behandlung bei größeren Mengen an Leuchtstoff, wie es ja in der Technik nur vertretbar ist, auf große Schwierigkeiten stößt. Außerdem werden große Mengen destillierten Wassers verbraucht, um anschließend den Leuchtstoff von den Alkalien wieder zu befreien.Most of the luminescent substances produced by the large-scale industrial processes, however, have such a small grain size that they cannot readily be used for dusting processes. Several processes are already known for the aftertreatment of such phosphors, but none of them can be fully satisfactory. Either the luminescent materials are impaired in their service life and / or brightness, or they can only be carried out in technology with great effort and thus increase the production costs of the luminescent materials. It is known that silicate phosphors, such as zinc, calcium and zinc beryllium silicates, are produced with an excess of silica. As a result of this excess of silica, the phosphors are obtained in a very fine, powdery state. These phosphors were made free-flowing by boiling with dilute alkaline solutions such as sodium or potassium carbonate. It can be seen that this hot treatment encounters great difficulties in the case of larger amounts of phosphor, as is only justifiable in the art. In addition, large quantities of distilled water are used in order to subsequently free the phosphor from the alkalis again.

Calcium- und Magnesiumwolframate dagegen enthalten meist einen Überschuß an basischen Bestandteilen. Nach bekannten Verfahren wird Magnesiumwolframat in der Hitze mit Ammonchloridlösung und Calciumwolframat mit Ammonfluoridlösung behandelt, um die überschüssigen basischen Bestandteile herauszulösen und die Leuchtstoffe rieselfähig zu machen. Dies hat aber zur Folge, daß die Lebensdauer dieser Leuchtstoffe beträchtlich absinkt.Calcium and magnesium tungstates, on the other hand, usually contain an excess of basic components. According to known methods, magnesium tungstate is heated with ammonium chloride solution and Calcium tungstate treated with ammonium fluoride solution to remove the excess basic components dissolve and make the phosphors free-flowing. But this has the consequence that the service life this phosphors decreases considerably.

Nach einem weiteren bekannten Verfahren werden Leuchtstoffe mit einer l°/oigenBerylliumformiatlösung in der Hitze behandelt. Das Beryllium wird hierbei mit Ammoniak als Berylliumhydroxyd auf den Leuchtstoff niedergeschlagen. Auch dieses Verfahren hat den Nachteil, daß die Leuchtstoffaufschlämmung bis zum Sieden erhitzt werden muß.According to another known method, phosphors are made with a 10% solution of beryllium formate treated in the heat. The beryllium is here with ammonia as beryllium hydroxide on the Fluorescent down. This method also has the disadvantage that the phosphor slurry must be heated to the boil.

Ein anderes bekanntes Verfahren zur Verbesserung Verfahren zur Verbesserung
der Rieselfähigkeit von Leuchtstoffen
Another known method of improvement. Method of improvement
the flowability of phosphors

Anmelder:Applicant:

Auergesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft,
Berlin N 65, Friedrich-Krause-Ufer 24
Auergesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft,
Berlin N 65, Friedrich-Krause-Ufer 24

Siegbert Lehmann, Berlin-Britz,
ist als Erfinder genannt worden
Siegbert Lehmann, Berlin-Britz,
has been named as the inventor

der Rieselfähigkeit von Leuchtstoffen besteht darin, daß man die Leuchtstoffpulver mit einer Wasserglaslösung behandelt. Durch diese Behandlung werden aber die Leuchtstoffpulver chemisch verunreinigt, so daß ihre Emission darunter leidet. Die Verunreinigung rührt aus der Herstellungsweise des Wasserglases her, das in der Technik durch Schmelzen von 3 Teilen Quarzsand, 2 Teilen Caliumcarbonat und 0,2 Teilen Kohle hergestellt wird. Alle Verunreinigungen des Sandes, im wesentlichen aus Eisenspuren bestehend, gehen in das als sirupöse Flüssigkeit in den Handel kommende Wasserglas über. Die Verunreinigungen des Wasserglases, die im wesentlichen aus Eisen, Kupfer oder Nickel bestehen, können nämlich nach der Herstellung des Wasserglases aus diesem nicht mehr entfernt werden.The flowability of phosphors consists in the fact that the phosphor powder is mixed with a water glass solution treated. However, this treatment contaminates the fluorescent powder chemically, see above that their emission suffers. The contamination comes from the way the water glass is made forth that in the art by melting 3 parts of quartz sand, 2 parts of potassium carbonate and 0.2 parts of coal is produced. All impurities in the sand, mainly from traces of iron existing, go into the water glass, which is commercially available as a syrupy liquid. The impurities of the water glass, which consist essentially of iron, copper or nickel, can namely cannot be removed from the water glass after it has been manufactured.

Ein weiteres bekanntes Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Rieselfähigkeit besteht darin, daß die Leuchtstoffe mit einer kolloidalen Lösung von Kieselsäure behandelt werden. Die kolloidale Lösung wird durch Hydrolyse von Siliconestern, also von organischen Kieselsäureverbindungen, hergestellt. Die Herstellung einer solchen Lösung in größeren Mengen ist in der Technik sehr schwer durchführbar. Sie ist äußerst zeitraubend, und es werden dabei nur Lösungen erhalten, bei denen der Kieselsäuregehalt 0,5% nicht übersteigt. Dieser Gehalt reicht aber nicht aus, um befriedigende Rieselfähigkeit zu erzielen.Another known method of improvement The flowability consists in that the phosphors with a colloidal solution of silica be treated. The colloidal solution is made by hydrolysis of silicone esters, i.e. organic ones Silicic acid compounds. The production of such a solution in larger quantities is in the Technology very difficult to implement. It is extremely time consuming and only solutions will be obtained in which the silica content does not exceed 0.5%. But this salary is not enough to to achieve satisfactory flowability.

Bei einem anderen Verfahren wird eine mit Essigsäure angesäuerte Kaliumsilicatlösung zur Verbesserung der Rieselfähigkeit angewendet. Aus dieser Lösung wird die Kieselsäure mittels Ammoniak auf den Leuchtstoff aufgefällt. Das Verfahren hat den Nachteil, daß zuerst in saurem und anschließend in alkalischem Medium gearbeitet wird. Viele Leuchtstoffe verlieren aber bei Behandlung im alkalischen Gebiet an Helligkeit.Another method is to use acetic acid acidified potassium silicate solution for improvement applied to the flowability. The silica is extracted from this solution by means of ammonia noticed the phosphor. The process has the disadvantage that first in acidic and then in alkaline medium is used. However, many phosphors lose their treatment in an alkaline environment Area of brightness.

709 960/362709 960/362

I1IlIiIl)II 1 IlIiIl) I

Demgegenüber besteht die Erfindung, die keinen der obengenannten Nachteile aufweist, darin, daß das Leuchtstoffpulver mit einer höchstgereinigten, schwachsauren Kieselsäurelösung behandelt wird. Die Behandlung erfolgt in der Kälte mittels einer 0,5- bis 5°/oigen Lösung von Kieselsäure. Die Leuchtstoffe, insbesondere Silicate, Wolframate oder Borate, werden bei der Behandlung mit destilliertem Wasser aufgeschlämmt und unter Rühren mit der schwachsauren Kieselsäurelösung versetzt. Diese Aufschlämmung wird nunmehr 1 bis 2 Stunden mit einem Rührwerk bewegt. Anschließend wird die überstehende Lösung dekantiert und der Leuchtstoff bei etwa 120° C getrocknet und durch ein 25er-Sieb gegeben.In contrast, the invention, which does not have any of the above-mentioned disadvantages, consists in that the fluorescent powder is treated with a highly purified, weakly acidic silica solution. the Treatment takes place in the cold using a 0.5 to 5% solution of silica. The phosphors, in particular silicates, tungstates or borates, are suspended during the treatment with distilled water and the weakly acidic silica solution is added while stirring. This slurry is now moved 1 to 2 hours with a stirrer. Then the supernatant solution decanted and the phosphor dried at about 120 ° C and passed through a 25 mesh sieve.

Beispielexample

1000 g Zinkorthosilicat-Leuchtstoffpulver werden mit 1500 ecm destillierten Wassers aufgeschlämmt und mit 200 ecm saurer Kieselsäurelösung versetzt. Nach 2stündigem Rühren läßt man den Leuchtstoff absitzen und dekantiert die überstehende Lösung ab. Eine weitere Nachbehandlung mit stark verdünnter Essigsäure kann die Rieselfähigkeit noch erhöhen.1000 g of zinc orthosilicate phosphor powder are slurried with 1500 ecm of distilled water and mixed with 200 ecm of acidic silica solution. After stirring for 2 hours, the phosphor is left Settle and decant the supernatant solution. Another follow-up treatment with heavily diluted Acetic acid can increase the flowability even more.

Bei den meisten so behandelten Leuchtstoffen ist gleichzeitig eine Steigerung der Intensität der Emission zu verzeichnen.With most of the phosphors treated in this way, there is at the same time an increase in the intensity of the emission to be recorded.

Die saure Kieselsäurelösung kann wie folgt hergestellt werden:The acidic silica solution can be prepared as follows:

5 kg Natronwasserglas (DAB 6) werden mit der lOfachen Menge destillierten Wassers verdünnt. Durch Zugabe von konzentrierter Salzsäure wird unter starkem Rühren die gesamte Kieselsäure ausgefällt. Diese stark wasserhaltige Kieselsäure wird nun mit destilliertem Wasser im sauren Gebiet weitestgehend eisenfrei gewaschen. Das Waschwasser darf mit Ammonrhodanid keine Rotfärbung mehr ergeben. Nach dem letzten Waschen wird das überstehende Wasser dekantiert und die wasserhaltige Kieselsäure mit 10°/oiger Natronlauge wieder in Lösung gebracht. Diese alkalische Kieselsäurelösung wird auf das Doppelte verdünnt und auf 10° C oder darunter abgekühlt. Danach wird so viel verdünnte Salzsäure zugesetzt, daß der pH-Wert zwischen 2 und 5 liegt. Von dieser sauren Kieselsäurelösung wird eine Kieselsäurebestimmung gemacht, damit sie durch Verdünnen mit Wasser auf den bevorzugten Prozentgehalt eingestellt werden kann.5 kg of soda water glass (DAB 6) are diluted with ten times the amount of distilled water. All the silica is precipitated by adding concentrated hydrochloric acid while stirring vigorously. This highly water-containing silica is now washed with distilled water in the acidic area, as far as possible free of iron. The wash water must no longer turn red with ammonrhodanide. After the last wash, the supernatant water is decanted and the water-containing silica is redissolved with 10% sodium hydroxide solution. This alkaline silica solution is diluted twice and cooled to 10 ° C or below. Thereafter, as much dilute hydrochloric acid is added that the pH value is 2 to 5 A silica determination is made from this acidic silica solution so that it can be adjusted to the preferred percentage by diluting it with water.

Claims (3)

PatentansprücheClaims 1. Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Rieselfähigkeit von Leuchtstoffen, insbesondere von Silicaten, Wolframaten und Boraten, durch Auffällen eines Kieselsäurebelages auf das Leuchtstoffpulver, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Leuchtstoffpulver mit einer höchstgereinigten, schwachsauren Kieselsäurelösung behandelt wird.1. Process for improving the flowability of phosphors, in particular of silicates, Wolframates and borates, due to the precipitation of a silica coating on the fluorescent powder, thereby characterized in that the phosphor powder with a highly purified, weakly acidic silica solution is treated. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die höchstgereinigte, schwachsaure Kieselsäurelösung einen Prozentgehalt zwischen 0,5 und 5 aufweist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the highly purified, weakly acidic Silica solution has a percentage between 0.5 and 5. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine höchstgereinigte Kieselsäurelösung verwendet wird, die mittels Salzsäure, Salpetersäure oder Essigsäure in den sauren Zustand mit einem pH-Wert zwischen 2 und 5 gebracht wurde.3. The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a highly purified acid solution is used, which was brought 2-5 by means of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or acetic acid in the acidic condition with a pH value. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:
Deutsche Patentschriften Nr. 875 979, 679 516;
britische Patentschrift Nr. 521 099;
USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 2274163.
Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 875 979, 679 516;
British Patent No. 521,099;
U.S. Patent No. 2274163.
© 709 960/362 4.58© 709 960/362 4.58
DEA19444A 1954-01-06 1954-01-06 Process for improving the flowability of phosphors Pending DE1028261B (en)

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DEA19444A DE1028261B (en) 1954-01-06 1954-01-06 Process for improving the flowability of phosphors
GB7343/56A GB797316A (en) 1956-03-08 1956-03-08 Improvements in or relating to lubricating oils

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1285649B (en) * 1966-04-25 1968-12-19 Hitachi Ltd Europium-activated yttrium vanadate phosphor

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE679516C (en) * 1933-12-20 1939-08-08 Telefunken Gmbh Production of trickling, non-baking luminophores
GB521099A (en) * 1938-11-07 1940-05-13 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to luminescent powders, and methods of manufacturing the same
US2274163A (en) * 1938-02-08 1942-02-24 Emi Ltd Luminescent material
DE875979C (en) * 1939-05-28 1953-05-07 Riedel De Haeen Ag Production of fluorescent material that does not separate

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE679516C (en) * 1933-12-20 1939-08-08 Telefunken Gmbh Production of trickling, non-baking luminophores
US2274163A (en) * 1938-02-08 1942-02-24 Emi Ltd Luminescent material
GB521099A (en) * 1938-11-07 1940-05-13 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to luminescent powders, and methods of manufacturing the same
DE875979C (en) * 1939-05-28 1953-05-07 Riedel De Haeen Ag Production of fluorescent material that does not separate

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1285649B (en) * 1966-04-25 1968-12-19 Hitachi Ltd Europium-activated yttrium vanadate phosphor

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