DE102012020114A1 - Drive unit for electrical bicycle i.e. hybrid vehicle, has electromotor and gearshift provided in drive unit, sensor equipped with drive unit, and common output element summarizing power transferred over gearshift and electromotor - Google Patents
Drive unit for electrical bicycle i.e. hybrid vehicle, has electromotor and gearshift provided in drive unit, sensor equipped with drive unit, and common output element summarizing power transferred over gearshift and electromotor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102012020114A1 DE102012020114A1 DE201210020114 DE102012020114A DE102012020114A1 DE 102012020114 A1 DE102012020114 A1 DE 102012020114A1 DE 201210020114 DE201210020114 DE 201210020114 DE 102012020114 A DE102012020114 A DE 102012020114A DE 102012020114 A1 DE102012020114 A1 DE 102012020114A1
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- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- drive unit
- gearshift
- electromotor
- output element
- common output
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
- B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
- B62M6/55—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at crank shafts parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
- B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
- B62M6/60—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft die Antriebseinheit von Elektrofahrrädern. Elektrofahrräder sind Hybridfahrzeuge, die mittels zwei Antriebsarten angetrieben werden: die menschliche Muskelkraft und der Elektromotor. Die vorgestellte Antriebseinheit verbindet beide Antriebe mit einem Getriebe, wobei nur der Muskelkraft über das Getriebe übertragen wird. Die Motorkraft wird nicht über die Gangschaltung übertragen. Muskelkraft und Motorkraft werden auf einer gemeinsamen Getriebeausgangswelle zusammengefasst.The invention relates to the drive unit of electric bicycles. Electric bicycles are hybrid vehicles that are powered by two types of propulsion: human muscle power and the electric motor. The proposed drive unit connects both drives with a transmission, whereby only the muscle power is transmitted via the transmission. The engine power is not transmitted via the gearshift. Muscle force and engine power are combined on a common transmission output shaft.
Stand der Technik sind Fahrräder mit elektrischem Hilfsantrieb, die sowohl über Pedale verfügen (wie Fahrräder ohne Hilfsantrieb) wie auch über einen Elektromotor. Je nach Bauart befindet sich der Motor in einem der beiden Räder (als Radnabenmotor) oder aber in der Nähe des Tretlagers (Mittelmotor). Die verschiedenen Bauformen haben unterschiedliche Vor- und Nachteile. Radnabenmotoren haben einen einfachen Aufbau und sind technisch einfach zu integrieren, haben durch ihr hohes Gewicht jedoch einen negativen Einfluss auf die Schwerpunktlage des Fahrrades und erhöhen die ungefederte Masse in den Rädern. Mittelmotoren hingegen verfügen über eine gute Schwerpunktlage, da ihr Gewicht tief in der Fahrzeugmitte wirkt. Nachteilig bei üblichen Mittelmotorantrieben ist, dass die Motorkraft ebenfalls auf die üblicherweise am Antriebsrad angebrachte Gangschaltung übertragen werden muss.The state of the art bicycles with electric auxiliary drive, which have both pedals (as bicycles without auxiliary drive) as well as an electric motor. Depending on the design, the engine is located in one of the two wheels (as a wheel hub motor) or in the vicinity of the bottom bracket (middle engine). The different types have different advantages and disadvantages. Hub motors have a simple design and are technically easy to integrate, but their heavy weight has a negative effect on the center of gravity of the bike and increase the unsprung mass in the wheels. Mid-engines, on the other hand, have a good center of gravity because their weight acts deep in the middle of the vehicle. A disadvantage of conventional mid-engine drives is that the engine power must also be transferred to the gear usually mounted on the drive gear.
Ein weiteres Problem ergibt sich daraus, das der Mensch nur in einem sehr begrenzten Drehzahlbereich, der Trittfrequenz, effizient arbeitet. Bei einem Antrieb mit einstufiger Übersetzung muss die Trittfrequenz an die gefahrene Geschwindigkeit angepasst werden. Dies bedeutet je nach Fahrsituation einen erhöhten Kraftaufwand und dadurch frühzeitige Ermüdung des Fahrers.Another problem arises from the fact that man only works efficiently in a very limited speed range, the cadence. For a drive with a one-step ratio, the cadence must be adjusted to the speed traveled. This means depending on the driving situation an increased force and thus early fatigue of the driver.
Um dies zu verbessern, wird der Antriebsstrang im Fahrrad mit veränderlichen Übersetzungen, der Gangschaltung, ausgestattet. Der Begriff Gangschaltung steht in diesem Dokument stellvertretend für die verschiedenen Formen von Getrieben mit variabler, veränderlicher Übersetzung. Diese Gangschaltungen ermöglichen eine Anpassung der Geschwindigkeit an die Trittfrequenz durch entsprechende Gangwechsel. So können durch angepasste Gangwahl unterschiedliche Geschwindigkeiten bei gleicher, optimaler Trittfrequenz gefahren werden.To improve this, the powertrain in the bicycle is equipped with variable ratios, the gearshift. The term gear shift in this document is representative of the various forms of gearboxes with variable, variable ratio. These gear shifts allow adaptation of the speed to the cadence by appropriate gear changes. Thus, by adapted gear selection different speeds can be driven at the same, optimal cadence.
Der Elektromotor im Elektrofahrrad benötigt diese veränderbaren Übersetzungen bauartbedingt nicht, er kann in den geforderten Geschwindigkeitsbereichen mit einer festen Übersetzung arbeiten.The electric motor in the electric bicycle does not require these variable transmissions due to design, he can work in the required speed ranges with a fixed translation.
Gangschaltungen werden in unterschiedlicher Bauform angeboten, z. B. als Nabenschaltung oder als Kettenschaltung. Den meisten existierenden Gangschaltungen ist gemein, dass sie für Fahrräder ohne Hilfsantrieb konstruiert wurden.Gear shifts are offered in different designs, eg. B. as a hub gear or as a derailleur. Common to most existing gearshifts is that they have been designed for non-propelled bicycles.
Hier wirkt sich die Bauform des Mittelmotors nachteilig aus, da beim Elektrofahrrad mit Mittelmotor Muskelkraft und Motorkraft gemeinsam über die Kette auf die Schaltung wirken, bevor diese die Kraft auf das Antriebsrad überträgt.Here, the design of the center motor affects adversely, since the electric bike with mid-engine muscle power and engine power act together on the chain on the circuit before it transmits the force to the drive wheel.
Viele Gangschaltungen können die hohen Antriebskräfte eines Elektrofahrrades mit Mittelmotor nicht dauerhaft übertragen und zeigen frühzeitigen oder übermäßigen Verschleiß bis hin zum Totalausfall.Many gearshifts can not permanently transmit the high driving forces of a mid-engined electric bike and show premature or excessive wear to total failure.
Gegenstand dieser Erfindung ist eine Antriebseinheit, in der sowohl die Antriebsarten Muskelkraft und Motorkraft sowie die Gangschaltung zusammengefasst und derart angeordnet sind, dass nur die Muskelkraft auf die Gangschaltung wirkt. Die über die Gangschaltung übertragene Muskelkraft wird mit der Motorkraft auf der Ausgangsseite der Antriebseinheit auf einem Abtriebselement, z. B. in Form einer Getriebeausgangswelle, zusammengefasst und kann von dort aus auf das Antriebsrad weitergeleitet werden. Dies geschieht üblicherweise mittels Kette, Kardan oder Zahnriemen.The subject of this invention is a drive unit in which both the types of drive muscle power and engine power and the gear shift are combined and arranged such that only the muscle force acts on the gearshift. The transmitted via the gearshift muscle power is with the engine power on the output side of the drive unit on an output element, for. B. in the form of a transmission output shaft, summarized and can be forwarded from there to the drive wheel. This is usually done by means of chain, cardan or timing belt.
Weiterhin können in der Antriebseinheit Sensoren integriert sein, die Daten und Zustände erfassen die zur Ansteuerung des Motors dienen oder den Fahrer informieren. Solche Sensoren können z. B. Drehmomente, Geschwindigkeiten und Trittfrequenzen erfassen.Furthermore, sensors can be integrated in the drive unit, which record data and states which serve to control the motor or inform the driver. Such sensors can, for. As torques, velocities and cadence capture.
- 1. Pedaltrieb (
1 ) - 2. Kette (
2 ) - 3. Gangschaltung (
3 ) - 4. Rad (
4 )
- 1. pedal drive (
1 ) - 2. Chain (
2 ) - 3rd gear shift (
3 ) - 4. Wheel (
4 )
- 1. Pedaltrieb (
1 ) - 2. Kette (
2 ) - 3. Gangschaltung (
3 ) - 4. Nabenmotor (
5 ) - 5. Rad (
4 )
- 1. pedal drive (
1 ) - 2. Chain (
2 ) - 3rd gear shift (
3 ) - 4. hub motor (
5 ) - 5. Wheel (
4 )
- 1. Pedaltrieb (
1 ) - 2. Mittelmotor (
6 ) - 3. Kette (
2 ) - 4. Gangschaltung (
3 ) - 5. Rad (
4 )
- 1. pedal drive (
1 ) - 2. mid-engine (
6 ) - 3. Chain (
2 ) - 4th gear shift (
3 ) - 5. Wheel (
4 )
- 1. Pedaltrieb (
1 ) - 2. Gangschaltung (
3 ) - 3. Mittelmotor (
6 ) - 4. Kette (
2 ) - 5. Rad (
4
- 1. pedal drive (
1 ) - 2nd gear shift (
3 ) - 3. middle engine (
6 ) - 4. Chain (
2 ) - 5. Wheel (
4
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE201210020114 DE102012020114A1 (en) | 2012-10-12 | 2012-10-12 | Drive unit for electrical bicycle i.e. hybrid vehicle, has electromotor and gearshift provided in drive unit, sensor equipped with drive unit, and common output element summarizing power transferred over gearshift and electromotor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE201210020114 DE102012020114A1 (en) | 2012-10-12 | 2012-10-12 | Drive unit for electrical bicycle i.e. hybrid vehicle, has electromotor and gearshift provided in drive unit, sensor equipped with drive unit, and common output element summarizing power transferred over gearshift and electromotor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102012020114A1 true DE102012020114A1 (en) | 2014-04-17 |
Family
ID=50382934
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE201210020114 Ceased DE102012020114A1 (en) | 2012-10-12 | 2012-10-12 | Drive unit for electrical bicycle i.e. hybrid vehicle, has electromotor and gearshift provided in drive unit, sensor equipped with drive unit, and common output element summarizing power transferred over gearshift and electromotor |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE102012020114A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11240481A (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 1999-09-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Drive assist device for electrically assisted bicycle |
DE102010004552A1 (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2011-07-14 | IAV GmbH Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr, 10587 | Device for driving bicycle, has pedals, which are connected with pedal driving shaft over pedal arms, where pedal driving shaft is connected or not connected with multiple planetary wheel sets over two switchable couplings |
DE102012109637A1 (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-04-18 | Shimano Inc. | Bicycle drive unit |
-
2012
- 2012-10-12 DE DE201210020114 patent/DE102012020114A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11240481A (en) * | 1997-12-26 | 1999-09-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Drive assist device for electrically assisted bicycle |
DE102010004552A1 (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2011-07-14 | IAV GmbH Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr, 10587 | Device for driving bicycle, has pedals, which are connected with pedal driving shaft over pedal arms, where pedal driving shaft is connected or not connected with multiple planetary wheel sets over two switchable couplings |
DE102012109637A1 (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-04-18 | Shimano Inc. | Bicycle drive unit |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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R086 | Non-binding declaration of licensing interest | ||
R012 | Request for examination validly filed | ||
R079 | Amendment of ipc main class |
Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: B62M0006400000 Ipc: B62M0006550000 |
|
R002 | Refusal decision in examination/registration proceedings | ||
R003 | Refusal decision now final | ||
R003 | Refusal decision now final |
Effective date: 20140624 |