DE102011122386A1 - Method for reducing air resistance of omnibus, involves adjusting body of omnibus in its height level relative to wheel axle, where adjustment of height level of bus body relative to all wheel axles is performed in uniform manner - Google Patents

Method for reducing air resistance of omnibus, involves adjusting body of omnibus in its height level relative to wheel axle, where adjustment of height level of bus body relative to all wheel axles is performed in uniform manner Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102011122386A1
DE102011122386A1 DE201110122386 DE102011122386A DE102011122386A1 DE 102011122386 A1 DE102011122386 A1 DE 102011122386A1 DE 201110122386 DE201110122386 DE 201110122386 DE 102011122386 A DE102011122386 A DE 102011122386A DE 102011122386 A1 DE102011122386 A1 DE 102011122386A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
height level
bus
omnibus
relative
adjustment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE201110122386
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German (de)
Inventor
Reinhard Blanke
Volker Braun
Gero Eggers
Rainer Fischer
Sebastian Flath
Marcus Griesshaber
Uwe Jauch
Suat Serhat Koc
Mathias Lenz
Christian Neuschl
Jürgen Welke
Martin Wieczorek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Daimler AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Daimler AG filed Critical Daimler AG
Priority to DE201110122386 priority Critical patent/DE102011122386A1/en
Publication of DE102011122386A1 publication Critical patent/DE102011122386A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/0152—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit
    • B60G17/0155—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit pneumatic unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/016—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by their responsiveness, when the vehicle is travelling, to specific motion, a specific condition, or driver input
    • B60G17/0161—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by their responsiveness, when the vehicle is travelling, to specific motion, a specific condition, or driver input mainly during straight-line motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60G2300/14—Buses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2500/00—Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
    • B60G2500/30—Height or ground clearance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2800/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
    • B60G2800/16—Running

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves adjusting the body of the omnibus in its height level relative to a wheel axle, where the adjustment of the height level of the bus body relative to all wheel axles is performed in a uniform manner. The body of the bus is lowered in its height level by an air suspension provided on the wheel axles. The height level of the body of the bus is lowered in the range of 2 to 10 centimeters, particularly 3 to 5 centimeters. An independent claim is included for an omnibus with an adjusting device for adjusting the height level of the body of the omnibus relative to a wheel axle.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verringerung des Luftwiderstands eines Omnibusses gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem einen Omnibus.The present invention relates to a method for reducing the air resistance of an omnibus according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to a bus.

Omnibusse besitzen üblicherweise ein durch deren Funktion bestimmtes grundsätzliches Design, welches lediglich in Grenzen anpassbar bzw. veränderbar ist. Die Aerodynamik von derartigen Omnibussen ist somit wesentlich beeinflusst von der grundsätzlich durch den Verwendungszweck vorgegebenen quaderförmigen Grundform. Durch unterschiedlichste Geometrieelemente, wie beispielsweise Radien in Eck- bzw. Kantenbereichen, Luftabrisskanten, etc. wird bereits versucht, den Luftwiderstand des Omnibusses zu verbessern und dadurch eine Reduzierung des Treibstoffverbrauchs zu erreichen.Buses usually have a basic design determined by their function, which can only be adapted or changed within limits. The aerodynamics of such buses is thus significantly influenced by the basic shape predetermined by the intended use. By various geometry elements, such as radii in corner or edge areas, air separation edges, etc. is already trying to improve the air resistance of the bus and thereby achieve a reduction in fuel consumption.

Aus der DE 42 08 999 A1 ist ein aerodynamisches, verstellbares Unterbodenfrontende für Kraftfahrzeuge bekannt, welches in Abhängigkeit von der Fahrtgeschwindigkeit verstellbar ist und somit den Luftwiderstand des Kraftfahrzeuges verändert. Nachteilig ist jedoch, dass dieses verstellbare Unterbodenfrontende den Luftwiderstand erhöht.From the DE 42 08 999 A1 is an aerodynamic, adjustable underbody front end known for motor vehicles, which is adjustable depending on the driving speed and thus changes the air resistance of the motor vehicle. The disadvantage, however, is that this adjustable underbody front end increases air resistance.

Die vorliegende Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem, für einen Omnibus ein Verfahren zur Verringerung des Luftwiderstands anzugeben, und überdies einen verbesserten Omnibus anzugeben, welcher einen verringerten Luftwiderstand bereitstellt und sich somit durch einen reduzierten Kraftstoffverbrauch auszeichnet.The present invention addresses the problem of providing an omnibus with a method for reducing drag, and moreover to provide an improved bus, which provides a reduced air resistance and thus characterized by a reduced fuel consumption.

Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matters of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung hinsichtlich des Verfahrens zur Verringerung des Luftwiderstands eines Omnibusses sieht dabei vor, dass die Karosserie des Omnibusses in ihrem Höhenniveau relativ zu mindestens einer Radachse des Omnibusses verstellt wird. In anderen Worten heißt dies, dass die Karosserie des Omnibusses in ihrer Lage relativ zur Radachse abgesenkt oder erhöht wird. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass so der Luftwiderstand des Omnibusses im Fahrbetrieb verändert werden kann und gezielt beeinflusst werden kann. Beispielsweise wird durch ein Absenken der Karosserie die Unterbodenströmung an der Unterseite des Omnibusses signifikant reduziert, womit eine Reduktion des Luftwiderstandes des Omnibusses erreichbar ist.The solution according to the invention with regard to the method for reducing the air resistance of a bus provides that the body of the bus is adjusted in its height level relative to at least one wheel axle of the bus. In other words, this means that the body of the bus is lowered or raised in position relative to the wheel axle. This has the advantage that the air resistance of the bus can be changed while driving and can be selectively influenced. For example, by lowering the body, the underbody flow at the bottom of the bus is significantly reduced, whereby a reduction of the air resistance of the bus can be achieved.

Gleichfalls ist der Schwerpunkt des Omnibusses auf diese Weise gezielt verlagerbar, wodurch sich die Fahrdynamik und der Fahrkomfort des Omnibusses vorteilhaft verbessern lassen.Likewise, the center of gravity of the bus is selectively displaced in this way, which can improve the driving dynamics and ride comfort of the bus advantageous.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung wird das Höhenniveau der Karosserie des Omnibusses relativ zu allen Radachsen gleich verstellt. Das bedeutet, dass die Karosserie parallel und gleichartig zu allen Radachsen des Omnibusses verstellt, vorzugsweise abgesenkt, wird. Dadurch werden die gleichen Vorteile hinsichtlich Verringerung des Luftwiderstands und Schwerpunktverlagerung wie bereits beschrieben erreicht.In an advantageous embodiment, the height level of the body of the bus is adjusted the same relative to all axles. This means that the body is parallel and similar to all axles of the bus displaced, preferably lowered, is. This achieves the same advantages in terms of drag reduction and center of gravity displacement as previously described.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung erfolgt die Verstellung, vorzugsweise das Absenken, der Karosserie mittels einer an den Radachsen angeordneten Luftfederung. Dies hat den großen Vorteil, dass dabei auf am Omnibus vorhandene Dämpfungs- bzw. Federelemente der elektronischen Niveauregulierung zurückgegriffen werden kann. Durch Veränderung, vorzugsweise Reduzierung, des Volumens oder des Druckes in einem, an den Radachsen angeordnetem Luftfederbalg wird eine Verstellung, vorzugsweise ein Absenken, des Höhenniveaus der Omnibuskarosserie erreicht. Werden alle vorhandenen Luftfederbälge gleichzeitig und parallel mit einer gleichartigen Veränderung beaufschlagt, so wird zum Beispiels vorteilhaft ein paralleles und gleichmäßiges Absenken der Omnibuskarosserie relativ zu allen Radachsen erreicht.In a further advantageous embodiment, the adjustment, preferably the lowering of the body by means of an arranged on the wheel axles air suspension. This has the great advantage that it can be used on the omnibus existing damping or spring elements of the electronic level control. By changing, preferably reducing, the volume or the pressure in an air spring bellows arranged on the wheel axles, an adjustment, preferably a lowering, of the height level of the bus body is achieved. If all the existing air spring bellows are subjected to a similar change simultaneously and in parallel, it is advantageous, for example, to achieve a parallel and uniform lowering of the bus body relative to all wheel axles.

Die zuvor beschriebene Verstellmöglichkeit wird dabei vorteilhaft automatisch mittels eines Steuergerätes realisiert. Auf diese Weise ist das Verfahren einfach und sicher in die elektronische Steuerung des Omnibusses und somit in einen Omnibus implementierbar.The adjustment described above is advantageously realized automatically by means of a control unit. In this way, the method is simple and secure in the electronic control of the bus and thus implemented in a bus.

Vorteilhaft wird die Verstellung in Abhängigkeit der Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit vom Steuergerät gesteuert, vorzugsweise anhand von definierten Schwellenwerten der Fahrtgeschwindigkeit, so dass der Luftwiderstand des Omnibusses im Fahrtbetrieb vorteilhaft beeinflusst werden kann. Das bedeutet, dass gerade bei höheren Fahrtgeschwindigkeiten des Omnibusses, beispielsweise oberhalb 80 km/h, bei denen der Kraftstoffverbrauch infolge des hohen Luftwiderstands des Omnibusses hoch ist, die Omnibuskarosserie abgesenkt wird. Dadurch wird der Luftwiderstand des Omnibusses signifikant verringert, wodurch gleichbedeutend auch der Kraftstoffverbrauch reduziert wird.Advantageously, the adjustment is controlled by the control unit as a function of the vehicle speed, preferably based on defined threshold values of the travel speed, so that the air resistance of the bus can advantageously be influenced during travel operation. This means that especially at higher speeds of the bus, for example above 80 km / h, where the fuel consumption is high due to the high air resistance of the bus, the bus body is lowered. As a result, the air resistance of the bus is significantly reduced, which is synonymous, the fuel consumption is reduced.

Vorteilhafterweise erfolgt dabei eine Verstellung, vorzugsweise Absenkung, der Omnibuskarosserie lediglich im Bereich weniger Zentimeter, insbesondere im Bereich von 2 bis 10 cm und bevorzugt im Bereich von 3 bis 5 cm. Dies gewährleistet, dass eine Verstellung in einem relativ kurzen Zeitraum ermöglicht ist, da lediglich relativ kleine Volumen- und/oder Druckveränderungen in einem Luftfederbalg erforderlich sind.Advantageously, an adjustment, preferably lowering, of the bus body takes place only in the range of a few centimeters, in particular in the range of 2 to 10 cm and preferably in the range of 3 to 5 cm. This ensures that an adjustment in a relatively short period of time is possible because only relatively small volume and / or or pressure changes in an air bag are required.

Wie bereits beschrieben, ist ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zur Verringerung des Luftwiderstands eines Omnibusses einfach und sicher in die elektronische Steuerung des Omnibusses implementierbar und nutzt bereits vorhandene Komponenten der Luftfederung des Omnibusses, womit ein Omnibus aufweisend eine Verstelleinrichtung zur Verstellung des Höhenniveaus der Karosserie des Omnibusses relativ zu mindestens einer Radachse gebildet ist.As already described, an inventive method for reducing the air resistance of a bus is easy and safe to implement in the electronic control of the bus and already uses existing components of the air suspension of the bus, with a bus having an adjustment for adjusting the height level of the body of the bus relative to at least one wheel axle is formed.

Es ergeben sich somit die bereits beschriebenen Vorteile hinsichtlich der Verringerung des Luftwiderstands, d. h. auch eines reduzierten Kraftstoffverbrauchs, und der verbesserten Fahrdynamik und des verbesserten Fahrkomforts durch die Schwerpunktverlagerung für den erfindungsgemäßen Omnibus. Die Luftfederung des Omnibusses bietet überdies die Möglichkeit das Höhenniveau der Omnibuskarosserie während der Fahrt derart anzupassen, dass bei hohen Geschwindigkeiten, bei denen der Luftwiderstand einen großen Anteil am Verbrauch hat, das Fahrzeug abgesenkt werden kann, während bei niedrigen Geschwindigkeiten das Fahrzeug angehoben werden kann, womit eine größere Bodenfreiheit erreicht wird.This results in the already described advantages with respect to the reduction of air resistance, d. H. also a reduced fuel consumption, and the improved driving dynamics and the improved ride comfort due to the center of gravity shift for the omnibus according to the invention. The air suspension of the bus also offers the ability to adjust the height level of the bus body while driving so that at high speeds, where the air resistance has a large share of consumption, the vehicle can be lowered, while at low speeds the vehicle can be raised, thus achieving greater ground clearance.

ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature

  • DE 4208999 A1 [0003] DE 4208999 A1 [0003]

Claims (6)

Verfahren zur Verringerung des Luftwiderstands eines Omnibusses, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Karosserie des Omnibusses in ihrem Höhenniveau relativ zu mindestens einer Radachse verstellt wird.A method for reducing the air resistance of an omnibus, characterized in that the body of the bus is adjusted in its height level relative to at least one wheel axle. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verstellung des Höhenniveaus der Karosserie des Omnibusses relativ zu allen Radachsen gleich durchgeführt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjustment of the height level of the body of the bus relative to all wheel axles is carried out the same. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Karosserie des Omnibusses in ihrem Höhenniveau abgesenkt wird mittels einer an den Radachsen vorgesehenen Luftfederung.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the body of the bus is lowered in its height level by means provided on the wheel axles air suspension. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verstellung des Höhenniveaus der Karosserie des Omnibusses relativ zu mindestens einer Radachse automatisch mittels eines Steuergerätes und/oder in Abhängigkeit von definierten Schwellenwerten einer Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit durchgeführt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the adjustment of the height level of the body of the bus relative to at least one wheel axle is automatically carried out by means of a control device and / or in response to defined threshold values of a vehicle speed. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Höhenniveau der Karosserie des Omnibusses in dem Bereich 2 bis 10 cm, vorzugsweise 3 bis 5 cm, abgesenkt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the height level of the body of the bus in the range 2 to 10 cm, preferably 3 to 5 cm, is lowered. Omnibus aufweisend eine Verstelleinrichtung zur Verstellung des Höhenniveaus der Karosserie des Omnibusses relativ zu mindestens einer Radachse gemäß einem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5.Bus having an adjusting device for adjusting the height level of the body of the bus relative to at least one wheel axle according to a method according to one of claims 1 to 5.
DE201110122386 2011-12-24 2011-12-24 Method for reducing air resistance of omnibus, involves adjusting body of omnibus in its height level relative to wheel axle, where adjustment of height level of bus body relative to all wheel axles is performed in uniform manner Withdrawn DE102011122386A1 (en)

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DE201110122386 DE102011122386A1 (en) 2011-12-24 2011-12-24 Method for reducing air resistance of omnibus, involves adjusting body of omnibus in its height level relative to wheel axle, where adjustment of height level of bus body relative to all wheel axles is performed in uniform manner

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DE201110122386 DE102011122386A1 (en) 2011-12-24 2011-12-24 Method for reducing air resistance of omnibus, involves adjusting body of omnibus in its height level relative to wheel axle, where adjustment of height level of bus body relative to all wheel axles is performed in uniform manner

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DE201110122386 Withdrawn DE102011122386A1 (en) 2011-12-24 2011-12-24 Method for reducing air resistance of omnibus, involves adjusting body of omnibus in its height level relative to wheel axle, where adjustment of height level of bus body relative to all wheel axles is performed in uniform manner

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9975582B2 (en) 2013-05-31 2018-05-22 Man Truck & Bus Ag System and operating method for level regulation of a driver's cab of a commercial vehicle relative to the chassis of the vehicle

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4208999A1 (en) 1992-03-20 1993-09-23 Daimler Benz Ag Adjustable aerodynamic frontal undersurface e.g. for motor vehicle body - includes trough with bulkhead walls forming continuous surface with vertical sections of bodywork when fully lowered

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4208999A1 (en) 1992-03-20 1993-09-23 Daimler Benz Ag Adjustable aerodynamic frontal undersurface e.g. for motor vehicle body - includes trough with bulkhead walls forming continuous surface with vertical sections of bodywork when fully lowered

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9975582B2 (en) 2013-05-31 2018-05-22 Man Truck & Bus Ag System and operating method for level regulation of a driver's cab of a commercial vehicle relative to the chassis of the vehicle

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