DE102010005800A1 - Treatment of thermal insulation panels or molded body based on microporous silicic acid with organosilicon compound to hydrophobic insulation materials - Google Patents
Treatment of thermal insulation panels or molded body based on microporous silicic acid with organosilicon compound to hydrophobic insulation materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102010005800A1 DE102010005800A1 DE102010005800A DE102010005800A DE102010005800A1 DE 102010005800 A1 DE102010005800 A1 DE 102010005800A1 DE 102010005800 A DE102010005800 A DE 102010005800A DE 102010005800 A DE102010005800 A DE 102010005800A DE 102010005800 A1 DE102010005800 A1 DE 102010005800A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- treatment
- thermal insulation
- organosilicon compounds
- insulation materials
- microporous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 7
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 hydrogen halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003849 O-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910003872 O—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl JLUFWMXJHAVVNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011469 building brick Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldiethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)OCC YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RSIHJDGMBDPTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)C RSIHJDGMBDPTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009422 external insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009421 internal insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005055 methyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006300 shrink film Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940024548 aluminum oxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005624 silicic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005046 Chlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical class Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy]silane hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])([O-])O[Si]([O-])=O FSBVERYRVPGNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCDAAXRCMMPNBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] JCDAAXRCMMPNBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVRHQICYSINRIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;magnesium;silicic acid Chemical compound [Mg].[Mg].[Mg].[Fe].O[Si](O)(O)O.O[Si](O)(O)O BVRHQICYSINRIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005625 siliconate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
- C09C1/30—Silicic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
- C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B41/4905—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon
- C04B41/4922—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as monomers, i.e. as organosilanes RnSiX4-n, e.g. alkyltrialkoxysilane, dialkyldialkoxysilane
- C04B41/4933—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as monomers, i.e. as organosilanes RnSiX4-n, e.g. alkyltrialkoxysilane, dialkyldialkoxysilane containing halogens, i.e. organohalogen silanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B41/4905—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon
- C04B41/4922—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as monomers, i.e. as organosilanes RnSiX4-n, e.g. alkyltrialkoxysilane, dialkyldialkoxysilane
- C04B41/4944—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon applied to the substrate as monomers, i.e. as organosilanes RnSiX4-n, e.g. alkyltrialkoxysilane, dialkyldialkoxysilane containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, silicon, alkali metals or halogens, e.g. N-silyldisilazane: Image
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/62—Coating or impregnation with organic materials
- C04B41/64—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal of carbon-to-silicon linkages
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
- C09C1/30—Silicic acid
- C09C1/3081—Treatment with organo-silicon compounds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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Abstract
Description
Der Wärmedämmung kommt vor dem Hintergrund steigender Energiepreise, bei knapper werdenden Ressourcen, dem Streben nach einer Reduzierung des CO2-Ausstoßes, der Notwendigkeit nachhaltiger Reduzierung des Energiebedarfs, sowie auch zukünftig noch steigender Anforderungen an den Wärme- und Kälteschutz, eine immer höhere Bedeutung zu.Thermal insulation is becoming increasingly important in view of rising energy prices, dwindling resources, the search for a reduction in CO 2 emissions, the need for sustained reduction of energy requirements, as well as increasing demands on heat and cold protection in the future ,
Die heute vornehmlich verwendeten Wärmedämmstoffe sind Materialien mit geringer Wärmeleitung. Gebräuchlich sind:
Organische Wärmedämmstoffe
- • Geschäumte Kunststoffe wie Polystyrol, Neopor, Polyurethan
- • Holzfaserwerkstoff wie Holzwolle und Kork
- • pflanzliche oder tierische Fasern wie z. B. Hanf, Flachs, Wolle
Anorganische Wärmedämmstoffe
- • Mineral- und Glaswolle, Schaumglas in Plattenform
- • Kalzium-Silikat- und Gipsplatten
- • mineralische Schäume wie Porenbeton, Bimsstein, Perlite und Vermiculite
Organic thermal insulation materials
- • Foamed plastics such as polystyrene, Neopor, polyurethane
- • Wood fiber material such as wood wool and cork
- • vegetable or animal fibers such. B. hemp, flax, wool
Inorganic thermal insulation materials
- • mineral and glass wool, foam glass in plate form
- • Calcium silicate and gypsum boards
- • Mineral foams such as aerated concrete, pumice, perlite and vermiculite
Alle diese Stoffe haben für die heute geforderten hohen Ansprüche eine zu geringe Wärmedämmungseffektivität. Die Wärmeleitzahlen liegen durchgehend über 0,030 W/mK, haben daher einen hohen Raumbedarf und sind unter anderem in der Wärmedämmung nicht nachhaltig stabil.All of these substances have too low thermal insulation effectiveness for today's high demands. The thermal conductivities are consistently above 0.030 W / mK, therefore have a high space requirement and are not sustainably stable, among other things in the thermal insulation.
Eine neuere Generation von Wärmedämmstoffen sind die mikroporösen Wärmedämmstoffe auf Basis pyrogener Kieselsäure oder Kieselsäureaerogelen. Die Vorteile dieser Dämmstoffe sind ihre sehr geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit (λ-Wert 0,014–0,022 W/mK), ihr geringerer Raumbedarf, ihre physiologische Unbedenklichkeit und ihre Nichtbrennbarkeit.A newer generation of thermal insulation materials are the microporous thermal insulation materials based on fumed silica or silica aerogels. The advantages of these insulating materials are their very low thermal conductivity (λ value 0.014-0.022 W / mK), their smaller space requirements, their physiological safety and their non-flammability.
Nachteile dieser hydrophilen Dämmstoffe sind ihre Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Nässe/Wasser. Die Dämmstoffe verlieren bei Kontakt mit flüssigem Wasser ihre Struktur und damit ihre guten Wärmedämmeigenschaften Diese Problematik tritt vornehmlich im Baubereich auf und schränkt damit den Einsatz für diesen aktuell bedeutenden Anwendungsbereich gravierend ein.Disadvantages of these hydrophilic insulating materials are their sensitivity to moisture / water. The insulating materials lose their contact with liquid water their structure and thus their good thermal insulation properties This problem occurs mainly in the construction sector and thus severely limits the use of this currently significant application.
Durch Hydrophobierung der mikroporösen Dämmstoffe wie in Offenlegungsschrift 10 2007 020 7160.8 beschrieben, können diese Nachteile beseitigt werdendBy hydrophobing the microporous insulation materials as described in laid-open specification 10 2007 020 7160.8, these disadvantages can be eliminated
Kernelement dieser mikroporösen Dämmstoffe ist pyrogene Kieselsäure mit einem Gewichtsanteil zwischen 45 und 95%. Pyrogene Kieselsäuren werden durch Flammenhydrolyse von flüchtigen Siliciumverbindungen wie z. B. organischen und anorganischen Chlorsilanen hergestellt Diese pyrogenen Kieselsäuren weisen sich durch eine hohe poröse Struktur aus.The core element of these microporous insulation materials is fumed silica with a weight fraction of between 45 and 95%. Pyrogenic silicic acids are obtained by flame hydrolysis of volatile silicon compounds such. B. organic and inorganic chlorosilanes produced These fumed silicas are characterized by a high porous structure.
Siliciumdioxid-Aerogelen werden durch spezielle Trocknungsverfahren von wässrigen Siliciumdioxidgelen hergestellt, weisen ebenso eine sehr hohe Porenstruktur auf und sind daher hoch wirksame Dämmstoffe.Silica aerogels are produced by special drying processes of aqueous silica gels, also have a very high pore structure and are therefore highly effective insulating materials.
Weitere Komponenten dieser Mischung sind Verbindungen, die Wärmestrahlen im Infrarotbereich adsorbieren, streuen und reflektieren können. Sie werden allgemein als Trübungsmittel bezeichnet. Vorzugsweise weisen diese Trübungsmittel im Infrarot-Spektralbereich ein Maximum zwischen 1,5 und 10 μm auf. Die Partikelgröße dieser Teilchen liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 0,5–15 μm. Ihr Anteil an der Gesamtmischung beträgt 5 bis 20 Gew.% Beispiele für derartige Substanzen sind Titanoxide, Zirkonoxide, Ilmenit, Eisentitanat, Eisenoxid, Zirkonsilikat, Siliciumcarbid, Manganoxid und Ruß. Other components of this mixture are compounds that can adsorb, scatter and reflect heat rays in the infrared range. They are commonly referred to as opacifiers. Preferably, these opacifiers in the infrared spectral range have a maximum between 1.5 and 10 microns. The particle size of these particles is preferably between 0.5-15 microns. Their proportion of the total mixture is from 5 to 20% by weight. Examples of such substances are titanium oxides, zirconium oxides, ilmenite, iron titanate, iron oxide, zirconium silicate, silicon carbide, manganese oxide and carbon black.
Zur Armierung, also zur mechanischen Verstärkung, werden Fasern mit eingesetzt. Diese Fasern können anorganischen oder organischen Ursprungs sein und betragen bis zu 12 Gew.% der Mischung.For reinforcement, ie for mechanical reinforcement, fibers are used with. These fibers may be of inorganic or organic origin and amount to up to 12% by weight of the mixture.
Beispiele für anorganische Fasern sind Glaswolle, Steinwolle, Basalt-Fasern, Schlacken-Wolle und keramische Fasern, die aus Schmelzen von Aluminium und/oder Siliciumdioxid, sowie weiteren anorganischen Metalloxiden bestehen. Reine Siliciumdioxidfasern sind z. B. Silica-Fasern.Examples of inorganic fibers are glass wool, rock wool, basalt fibers, slag wool and ceramic fibers which consist of melts of aluminum and / or silicon dioxide and other inorganic metal oxides. Pure silica fibers are z. B. silica fibers.
Organische Fasern sind z. B. Cellulosefasern, Textilfasern oder Kunststofffasern.Organic fibers are z. As cellulose fibers, textile fibers or plastic fibers.
Zum Einsatz kommen Fasern mit folgende Dimensionen:
Durchmesser 1–12 μm, bevorzugt 6–9 μm; Länge 1–25 mm, bevorzugt 3–10 mm. Fibers with the following dimensions are used:
Diameter 1-12 μm, preferably 6-9 μm; Length 1-25 mm, preferably 3-10 mm.
Aus technischen und wirtschaftlichen Gründen können der Mischung anorganische Füllmaterialien zugesetzt werden. Zum Einsatz kommen verschiedene, synthetisch hergestellte Modifikationen von Siliciumdioxid wie z. B. gefällte Kieselsäuren, Lichtbogenkieselsäuren, SiO2-haltige Flugstäube, die durch Oxidationen von flüchtigem Siliciummonoxid, die bei der elektrochemischen Herstellung von Silicium oder Ferrosilicium entstehen. Ebenso Kieselsäuren, die durch Auslaugen von Silkaten wie Calziumsilicat, Magnesiumsilicat und Mischsilicaten wie z. B. Olivin (Magnesium-Eisensilicat)mit Säuren hergestellt werden. Ferner kommen zum Einsatz natürlich vorkommende SiO2-haltige Verbindungen wie Diatomenerden und Kieselguren. Ebenfalls können zur Anwendung kommen thermisch aufgeblähte Mineralien wie Perlite und Vermiculite. Je nach Bedarf können feinteilige Metalloxide wie Aluminiumoxid, Titandioxid, Eisenoxid zugesetzt werden.For technical and economic reasons, inorganic filler materials can be added to the mixture. Various synthetic synthesized modifications of silica such as. As precipitated silicas, arc silicas, SiO 2 -containing flue dust caused by oxidation of volatile silicon monoxide, which arise in the electrochemical production of silicon or ferrosilicon. Likewise silicic acids which are obtained by leaching of silicates such as calcium silicate, magnesium silicate and mixed silicates such. B. olivine (magnesium iron silicate) can be prepared with acids. Furthermore, naturally occurring SiO 2 -containing compounds such as diatomaceous earths and diatomaceous earths are used. Thermally inflated minerals such as perlite and vermiculite may also be used. Depending on requirements, finely divided metal oxides such as aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, iron oxide can be added.
Das Kernmaterial muss nicht nur Wasser abstoßen, sondern auch die Anlagerung und Aufnahme von Feuchtigkeit verhindern. Verursacher dieser Feuchtigkeitsaufnahme, sind die auf der Kieselsäure platzierten Silanolgruppen, an denen sich das Wasser anlagert Es ist bekannt (
Aus der
Eine chemische Nachbehandlung des Dämmstoffes mit Organosilanen nach der Verpressung in den Hohlräumen ist unter Normalbedingungen nicht möglich. Eine Hydrophobierung des Kernmaterials unter hohem Druck (Autoklaven) ist sehr aufwändig. Außerdem wird bei diesem Verfahren die Struktur des Kernmaterials zum Teil zerstört.A chemical treatment of the insulating material with organosilanes after compression in the cavities is not possible under normal conditions. A hydrophobization of the core material under high pressure (autoclave) is very expensive. In addition, this method partially destroys the structure of the core material.
In der Offenlegungsschrift 10 2007 020 716.8 wird eine Verpressung zu hydrophoben, mikroporösen Dämmstoffpaneelen, bzw. Formkörpern durch Zugabe von siliciumorganischen Verbindungen, speziell von Organosilanen während des Mischprozesses beschrieben. Allerdings besteht hierbei die Möglichkeit, dass die Hydrohobierreaktion schon vor dem Verpressen etwas anspringen kann, was mit einer Minderung der mechanischen Stabilität der Paneele oder Formkörper verbunden sein kann. Z. B. tritt bei der Verwendung von Dimethyldichlorsilan, durch die Reaktionsprodukte, eine so heftige Gasentwicklung auf, dass eine Verpressung der Mischung zu stabilen Platten nur sehr schwer möglich ist. Um dies zu vermeiden, kann dieser Prozess nur in kleineren Chargen durchgeführt werden, was wirtschaftlich von Nachteil ist. Es wurde nun gefunden, dass eine Hydrophobierung von Wärmedämmstoffpaneelen bzw. Formköpern unkomplizierter, effektiver und damit wirtschaftlicher ist, indem man den Dämmstoff bei Unterdruck mit flüchtigen siliciumorganischen Verbindungen, selbst in die feinsten Poren des Dämmstoffes „gesaugt” und optimal verteilt. Sie reagieren mit den Silanolgruppen der Kieselsäure und gestalten dadurch den bisher hydrophilen Wärmedämmstoff wasserabstoßend (hydrophob). Bei der Verwendung von multifunktionellen Organosilanen können diese sowohl mit den Silanolgruppen der Kieselsäure, als auch, bei Gegenwart von Wasser, unter sich reagieren und zu größeren Molekülen zusammenwachsen. Dies führt zu einer Auffüllung der vorhandenen Poren und somit zu einer Verringerung des Porenvolumens. Dieser Effekt führt zu einer Reduzierung der Konvektion und somit erfindungsgemäß zu einer Verbesserung der Dämmeigenschaften.Offenlegungsschrift 10 2007 020 716.8 describes compression to hydrophobic, microporous insulating panels, or shaped bodies, by adding organosilicon compounds, especially organosilanes, during the mixing process. However, there is the possibility that the Hydrohobierreaktion may start something before pressing, which may be associated with a reduction in the mechanical stability of the panels or moldings. For example, occurs when using dimethyldichlorosilane, by the reaction products, so vigorous gas evolution that a compression of the mixture to stable plates is very difficult. To avoid this, this process can be carried out only in smaller batches, which is economically disadvantageous. It has now been found that a hydrophobing of Wärmedämmstoffpaneelen or molded bodies is less complicated, more effective and thus more economical by "sucked" the insulating material under vacuum with volatile organosilicon compounds, even in the finest pores of the insulating material and optimally distributed. They react with the silanol groups of the silica and thereby make the hitherto hydrophilic thermal insulation water-repellent (hydrophobic). When using multifunctional organosilanes, they can react with one another both with the silanol groups of the silica and, in the presence of water, and grow together to form larger molecules. This leads to a filling of the existing pores and thus to a reduction of the pore volume. This effect leads to a reduction of the convection and thus according to the invention to an improvement of the insulating properties.
Durch Kombinationen der Silane wie z. B. von monofunktionellen Silanen wie (CH3)Si-X; difunktionellen Silanen wie (CH3)2Si-X2 und trifunktionellen Silanen wie CH3Si-X3 kann die Hydrophobierung, bzw. das Aufwachsen in den Poren gezielt gesteuert werden. Ebenfalls können cyclische Siloxane wie z. B. (CH3)8Si4O4 [Octamethyltetracyclosiloxan] und (CH3)6Si3O3 [Hexamethyltricyclosiloxan] mit eingesetzt werden. Ebenfalls ist der Einsatz von kurzkettigen, verdampfbaren Siloxanen nach der allgemeinen Formel (CH3)3-Si-(O-Si(CH3)2)n-OH möglich, wobei „n” vorzugsweise < 5 ist.By combinations of silanes such. B. of monofunctional silanes such as (CH 3 ) Si-X; difunctional silanes such as (CH 3 ) 2 Si-X 2 and trifunctional silanes such as CH 3 Si-X 3 , the hydrophobization, and the growth in the pores can be controlled specifically. Also, cyclic siloxanes such. B. (CH 3 ) 8 Si 4 O 4 [octamethyltetracyclosiloxane] and (CH 3 ) 6 Si 3 O 3 [hexamethyltricyclosiloxane] are used with. It is also possible to use short-chain, vaporizable siloxanes of the general formula (CH 3 ) 3 -Si- (O-Si (CH 3 ) 2 ) n -OH, where "n" is preferably <5.
Der Hydrophobiervorgang im Unterdruckverfahren hat keine Veränderung der mechanischen Stabilität der Dämmplatte zur Folge.The hydrophobing process in the vacuum process has no change in the mechanical stability of the insulation board result.
Die Reaktion kann durch Temperierung des Dämmstoffes vor oder während der Evakuierung beschleunigt werden. The reaction can be accelerated by tempering the insulation before or during the evacuation.
Die Zugabe der siliciumorganischen Verbindungen kann in flüssiger Form, durch einsprühen in die evakuierte Platte geschehen, wobei die Verdampfung dieser Verbindungen durch den Unterdruck erfolgt. Vorzugsweise werden die siliciumorganischen Verbindungen jedoch dampfförmig zugeführt, was zu einer optimalen Verteilung und Durchdringung der Dämmplatte führt.The addition of the organosilicon compounds can be done in liquid form, by spraying in the evacuated plate, wherein the evaporation of these compounds is carried out by the negative pressure. Preferably, however, the organosilicon compounds are supplied in vapor form, which leads to an optimal distribution and penetration of the insulating board.
Zur Behandlung können polare Substanzen mit zum Einsatz kommen, die die Hydrophobierung, sowie die Polymerisation der siliciumorganischen Verbindungen beeinflussen Diese können nach Art der Liganden X, Wasser, Alkohole und Wasserstoffhalogenide sein. Sie werden je nach Hydrophobiermethode, Kieselsäurecharakter und -konsistenz vor, während oder nach der Bedampfung mit den siliciumorganischen Verbindungen zugesetzt. Beispielsweise hängt die Zusatzmenge von Wasser davon ab, wie viel Feuchtigkeit bereits auf der Oberfläche der Kieselsäure absorbiert ist.For the treatment, it is possible to use polar substances which influence the hydrophobization and also the polymerization of the organosilicon compounds. These may be of the ligand type X, water, alcohols and hydrogen halides. Depending on the hydrophobing method, silica character and consistency, they are added before, during or after the vapor deposition with the organosilicon compounds. For example, the amount of added water depends on how much moisture is already absorbed on the surface of the silica.
Zum Einsatz kommen Verbindungen der Formeln Rn-Si-X4-n, R3Si-Y-SiR3,
RnSinOn und/oder
- n
- = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 und 8 sein kann
- R
- = -CH3 und/oder -H -C2H5
- X
- = -Cl oder -Br -OCH3 -OC2H5 -OC3H5
- Y
- = NH oder O sein kann
R n Si n O n and / or
- n
- = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 can be
- R
- = -CH 3 and / or -H -C 2 H 5
- X
- = -Cl or -Br -OCH 3 -OC 2 H 5 -OC 3 H 5
- Y
- = NH or O can be
Derartige Verbindungen sind z. B.
(CH3)3SiCl [Trimethylchlorsilan];
(CH3)2SiCl2 [Dimethyldichlorsilan];
CH3SiCl3 [Monomethyltrichlorsilan] oder
(CH3)3SiOC2H5 [Trimethylethoxisilan];
(CH3)2Si(OC2H5)2 [Dimethyldiethoxisilan];
CH3Si(OC2H5)3 [Methyltriethoxisilan] sowie
(CH3)3SiNHSi(CH3)3 [Hexamethyldisilazan];
(CH3)3SiOSi(CH3)3 [Hexamethyldisiloxan];
(CH3)8Si4O4[Octamethyltetracyclosiloxan];
(CH3)6Si3O3 [Hexamethyltricyclosiloxan]
[niedrigmolekulares Polysiloxanol] (CH3)3Si(OSi(CH3)2)4OHSuch compounds are for. B.
(CH 3 ) 3 SiCl [trimethylchlorosilane];
(CH 3 ) 2 SiCl 2 [dimethyldichlorosilane];
CH 3 SiCl 3 [monomethyltrichlorosilane] or
(CH 3 ) 3 SiOC 2 H 5 [trimethylethoxysilane];
(CH 3 ) 2 Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 2 [dimethyldiethoxysilane];
CH 3 Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 3 [methyltriethoxysilane] and
(CH 3 ) 3 SiNHSi (CH 3 ) 3 [hexamethyldisilazane];
(CH 3 ) 3 SiOSi (CH 3 ) 3 [hexamethyldisiloxane];
(CH 3 ) 8 Si 4 O 4 [octamethyltetracyclosiloxane];
(CH 3 ) 6 Si 3 O 3 [hexamethyltricyclosiloxane]
[low molecular weight polysiloxanol] (CH 3 ) 3 Si (OSi (CH 3 ) 2 ) 4 OH
Bevorzugt werden erfindungsgemäß Trimethylchlorsilan, Dimethyldichlorsilan, Methyltrichlorsilan, Hexamethyldisilazan, Octamethyltetracyclosiloxan.According to the invention, preference is given to trimethylchlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, methyltrichlorosilane, hexamethyldisilazane, octamethyltetracyclosiloxane.
Die Einsatzmengen der siliciumorganischen Verbindungen hängt von der spezifischen Oberfläche (BET-Oberfläche) der Kieselsäuren, deren Anteil an der Mischung, sowie der Art dieser Verbindungen ab. Die zu verdampfende Menge liegt zwischen 0,5–15 Gew.%, vorzugsweise zwischen 1 und 10 Gew.%. Der Unterdruck bei der Reaktion liegt zwischen 1 und 900 mbar, vorzugsweise bei 20 bis 500 mbar.The amounts of organosilicon compounds depend on the specific surface area (BET surface area) of the silicas, their proportion of the mixture, and the nature of these compounds. The amount to be evaporated is between 0.5 and 15% by weight, preferably between 1 and 10% by weight. The negative pressure in the reaction is between 1 and 900 mbar, preferably at 20 to 500 mbar.
Um das Verfahren zu beschleunigen kann der zu behandelnde Wärmedämmstoff zusätzlich perforiert werden. Durch die Perforationskanäle können die jeweils eingesetzten siliciumorganischen Verbindungen schneller und gezielt in den Kern des Dämmstoffes verbracht werden, die zu entfernenden Überschüsse oder Reaktionsreste werden durch die Perforationskanäle ebenfalls beschleunigt wieder abgeführt. Die Perforation erfolgt durch Nadelung der zu behandelnden Dämmstoffe, vorzugsweise bereits während des Pressens des Dämmstoffes z. B. durch Nadelgreifer. Vornehmlich bei Dämmstoffplatten kann die Perforierung einseitig, vorzugsweise aber beidseitig vorgenommen werden. Die Lochtiefe ist abhängig von der Stärke des Dämmstoffes und liegt zwischen 5 mm bis zum völligen Durchstoßen, vorzugsweise bei 2/3 der Dämmstoffdicke. Um Wärmebrücken zu vermeiden sollte vorzugsweise eine beidseitige Perforierung mit versetztem Lochbild vorgenommen werden, wobei der Dämmstoff nicht durchstoßen wird. Der Durchmesser eines Perforierungskanals sollte zwischen 0,1 mm und 3,0 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,5 mm und 1,0 mm liegen. Der Abstand der Perforationskanäle voneinander kann zwischen 5 mm und 200 mm, vorzugsweise sollte er bei einseitiger Perforierung der Abstand der Kanäle voneinander so groß sein wie die Nadeltiefe, bei beidseitiger Perforierung wie die doppelte Nadeltiefe.To accelerate the process, the heat insulation material to be treated can additionally be perforated. Through the perforation channels, the organosilicon compounds used in each case can be spent faster and more targeted in the core of the insulating material, the excesses or reaction residues to be removed are also accelerated through the perforation channels again dissipated. The perforation is done by needling the insulation materials to be treated, preferably already during the pressing the insulating z. B. by needle gripper. Notably in insulation boards, the perforation can be made on one side, but preferably on both sides. The hole depth is dependent on the thickness of the insulating material and is between 5 mm to complete penetration, preferably 2/3 of the insulation thickness. In order to avoid thermal bridges should preferably be made a double-sided perforation with staggered hole pattern, the insulation is not pierced. The diameter of a perforation channel should be between 0.1 mm and 3.0 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm. The distance of the perforation channels from each other can be between 5 mm and 200 mm, preferably it should be as large as the needle depth with one-sided perforation of the distance of the channels from each other, with double-sided perforation as the double needle depth.
Unmittelbar nach Beendigung der Reaktion wird der nun hydrophobe Dämmstoff aufgeheizt und die eventuell überschüssigen siliciumorganischen Verbindungen und Reaktionsprodukte entfernt.Immediately after completion of the reaction of the now hydrophobic insulating material is heated and removed any excess organosilicon compounds and reaction products.
Zur mechanischen Stabilisierung und zum besseren, auch staubfreien „handling”, können die Paneele bzw. Formkörper mit Vliesen und Folien, vorzugsweise Schrumpffolien umhüllt werden.For mechanical stabilization and for better, dust-free "handling", the panels or moldings can be wrapped with nonwovens and films, preferably shrink films.
Einsatzgebiete für diese, nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Dämmstoffe sind u. a. alle Anwendungen bei denen die Dämmmaterialien Feuchtigkeit oder Nässe ausgesetzt sind. Die erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Dämmstoffe werden z. B. eingesetztFields of application for these insulation materials produced by the process according to the invention are u. a. all applications where the insulation materials are exposed to moisture or moisture. The insulating materials according to the invention are z. B. used
- • als Dämmung in Bauhohlsteinen• as insulation in building bricks
- • als Kerndämmung bei mehrschaligen Bausteinen• as core insulation for multi-layered building blocks
- • als Kerndämmung für Wärmedämmstoffverbundsysteme (WDVS) für die Innen- und Außendämmung von Gebäuden• as core insulation for thermal insulation composite systems (ETICS) for the internal and external insulation of buildings
- • als Dämmung bei zweischaligen Mauerwerken• as insulation for double-shell masonry
- • als Dämmung im Ofenbau für den Ofenaufbau mit nassen Baumaterialien• as insulation in the furnace construction for the furnace construction with wet building materials
- • als Kerndämmung für Vakuumisolationsplatten (VIP)As core insulation for vacuum insulation panels (VIP)
BEISPIELEEXAMPLES
- 1. In einem Exsikkator wurde ein mikroporöses Wärmedämmstoffpaneel auf Basis pyrogener Kieselsäure der Größe 250 × 250 × 20 mm, einem Gewicht von 184,4 g (entspricht einer Rohdichte von 147,5 kg/m3) und einem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt von 1,3 Gew.% mit Hilfe einer Wasserstrahlpumpe auf 15 mbar gebracht, anschließend mit 2,5 g Wasser und 7,5 g Hexamethyldisilazan bedampft und nach der Behandlung bei 120°C 2 Stunden lang ausgeheizt.1. In a desiccator was a microporous heat insulation panel based on pyrogenic silica of size 250 × 250 × 20 mm, a weight of 184.4 g (corresponding to a bulk density of 147.5 kg / m 3 ) and a moisture content of 1.3 wt .% Using a water jet pump brought to 15 mbar, then steamed with 2.5 g of water and 7.5 g of hexamethyldisilazane and heated after treatment at 120 ° C for 2 hours.
- 2. In einem Exsikkator wurde ein mikroporöses Wärmedämmstoffpaneel auf Basis pyrogener Kieselsäure der Größe 250 × 250 × 20 mm, einem Gewicht von 189,3 (entspricht einer Rohdichte von 151,4 kg/m3) und einem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt von 1,4 Gew.% mit Hilfe einer Wasserstrahlpumpe auf 15 mbar gebracht, anschließend mit 4,5 g Wasser und 15,0 g Dimethyldichlorsilan bedampft und nach der Behandlung bei 120°C 2 Stunden lang ausgeheizt.2. In a desiccator, a microporous Wärmmämmstoffpaneel based on pyrogenic silica of size 250 × 250 × 20 mm, a weight of 189.3 (corresponding to a density of 151.4 kg / m 3 ) and a moisture content of 1.4 wt. % brought by means of a water jet pump to 15 mbar, then steamed with 4.5 g of water and 15.0 g of dimethyldichlorosilane and heated after treatment at 120 ° C for 2 hours.
Gewichtsmäßige Zusammensetzung der Paneele
Pyrogene Kieselsäure mit 300 m2/g spez. Oberfläche nach
BET 87,0%
Trübungsmittel Flammruß 9,0%
Fasern, Viskose-Kurzschnittfasern (ø 9 μm; L 6 mm) 4,0%Weight composition of the panels
Pyrogenic silica with 300 m 2 / g spec. Surface after
BET 87.0%
Opacifier Flammruß 9,0%
Fibers, viscose short cut fibers (ø 9 μm, L 6 mm) 4.0%
Vor und nach der Behandlung wurde von den Paneelen der λ-Wert bestimmt. Ergebnisse
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- DE 3037409 A1 [0015] DE 3037409 A1 [0015]
- DE 4221716 A1 [0016] DE 4221716 A1 [0016]
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
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DE102010005800A DE102010005800A1 (en) | 2010-01-27 | 2010-01-27 | Treatment of thermal insulation panels or molded body based on microporous silicic acid with organosilicon compound to hydrophobic insulation materials |
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Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102010046678A1 (en) | 2010-09-27 | 2012-03-29 | Günter Kratel | Microporous, hydrophobic insulating moldings with a hygrically active, near-surface layer |
DE102010046684A1 (en) | 2010-09-27 | 2012-03-29 | Günter Kratel | Stabilized thermal insulation molding with hydrophobic, microporous insulation core and hydrophilic surface |
WO2014044709A1 (en) | 2012-09-22 | 2014-03-27 | Evonik Industries Ag | Wall structure for interior insulation systems having laid thermally insulating panels with variable gap sizes |
DE102013006179A1 (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2014-10-16 | Günter Kratel | Wall construction for interior insulation systems with installed thermal insulation panels with variable joint distances |
EP2982660A1 (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-02-10 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Method for producing moulded hydrophobic heat insulation forms |
WO2021028797A1 (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-18 | Ing-3D Ug | Method for producing an additively manufactured product from a mineral starting material by means of direct laser sintering, and lightweight part produced by means of said method |
US20220048815A1 (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2022-02-17 | Microtherm Nv | Thermally insulating fabric |
EP3960948A1 (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2022-03-02 | va-Q-tec AG | Thermally stable vacuum insulation element |
US11987528B2 (en) | 2018-07-18 | 2024-05-21 | Kingspan Insulation Limited | Process for hydrophobizing shaped insulation-material bodies based on silica at ambient pressure |
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DE3037409A1 (en) | 1980-10-03 | 1982-05-19 | Dr. Carl Riffer Baustoffwerke KG, 5403 Mülheim-Klärlich | HOLLOW BLOCKSTONE WITH INTEGRATED HEAT INSULATION, MEANS FOR FILLING AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
DE4221716A1 (en) | 1992-07-02 | 1994-01-05 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Process for the hydrophobization of pyrogenically produced silicon dioxide |
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DE3037409A1 (en) | 1980-10-03 | 1982-05-19 | Dr. Carl Riffer Baustoffwerke KG, 5403 Mülheim-Klärlich | HOLLOW BLOCKSTONE WITH INTEGRATED HEAT INSULATION, MEANS FOR FILLING AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
DE4221716A1 (en) | 1992-07-02 | 1994-01-05 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Process for the hydrophobization of pyrogenically produced silicon dioxide |
Cited By (15)
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DE102010046678A1 (en) | 2010-09-27 | 2012-03-29 | Günter Kratel | Microporous, hydrophobic insulating moldings with a hygrically active, near-surface layer |
DE102010046684A1 (en) | 2010-09-27 | 2012-03-29 | Günter Kratel | Stabilized thermal insulation molding with hydrophobic, microporous insulation core and hydrophilic surface |
WO2012049018A1 (en) | 2010-09-27 | 2012-04-19 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Method for generating an open-pore near-surface layer of a microporous, hydrophobic molded thermal insulation body and which is wettable with aqueous systems |
WO2014044709A1 (en) | 2012-09-22 | 2014-03-27 | Evonik Industries Ag | Wall structure for interior insulation systems having laid thermally insulating panels with variable gap sizes |
DE102013006179A1 (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2014-10-16 | Günter Kratel | Wall construction for interior insulation systems with installed thermal insulation panels with variable joint distances |
WO2016020215A1 (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-02-11 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Method for producing a hydrophobic heat-insulating molded body |
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KR20170040313A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2017-04-12 | 에보니크 데구사 게엠베하 | Method for producing a hydrophobic heat-insulating molded body |
US10618849B2 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2020-04-14 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Method for producing a hydrophobic heat-insulating molded body |
KR102353289B1 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2022-01-19 | 에보니크 오퍼레이션즈 게엠베하 | Method for producing a hydrophobic heat-insulating molded body |
US11987528B2 (en) | 2018-07-18 | 2024-05-21 | Kingspan Insulation Limited | Process for hydrophobizing shaped insulation-material bodies based on silica at ambient pressure |
US20220048815A1 (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2022-02-17 | Microtherm Nv | Thermally insulating fabric |
WO2021028797A1 (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-18 | Ing-3D Ug | Method for producing an additively manufactured product from a mineral starting material by means of direct laser sintering, and lightweight part produced by means of said method |
EP3960948A1 (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2022-03-02 | va-Q-tec AG | Thermally stable vacuum insulation element |
KR20220027790A (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2022-03-08 | 바-큐-텍 아게 | Temperature stable vacuum insulation element |
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