DE102008042628A1 - Internal-combustion engine i.e. petrol engine, for use in vehicle, has exhaust gas tract provided with exhaust gas strand for guiding gas stream, and particle filter activated in gas stream in operating phases of engine - Google Patents
Internal-combustion engine i.e. petrol engine, for use in vehicle, has exhaust gas tract provided with exhaust gas strand for guiding gas stream, and particle filter activated in gas stream in operating phases of engine Download PDFInfo
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- DE102008042628A1 DE102008042628A1 DE102008042628A DE102008042628A DE102008042628A1 DE 102008042628 A1 DE102008042628 A1 DE 102008042628A1 DE 102008042628 A DE102008042628 A DE 102008042628A DE 102008042628 A DE102008042628 A DE 102008042628A DE 102008042628 A1 DE102008042628 A1 DE 102008042628A1
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- combustion engine
- exhaust gas
- internal combustion
- engine according
- exhaust
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/031—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters having means for by-passing filters, e.g. when clogged or during cold engine start
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2390/00—Arrangements for controlling or regulating exhaust apparatus
- F01N2390/02—Arrangements for controlling or regulating exhaust apparatus using electric components only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2410/00—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere Ottomotor, mit einem Abgastrakt nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The Invention is based on an internal combustion engine, in particular gasoline engine, with an exhaust tract according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine bekannte Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine (BOSCH „Kraftfahrtechnisches Taschenbuch”, 23. Auflage, 99, ISBN 3-528-03876-4) weist mindestens einen Abgasstrang auf, der über einen aus mehreren Abgasrohren bestehenden Abgaskrümmer an die Abgasaustrittsöffnungen im Zylinderkopf einer mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschine angeschlossen ist. Bekannt ist es auch, zwei Abgasstränge vorzusehen, von denen jeder der Hälfte der Abgasaustrittsöffnungen im Zylinderkopf zugeordnet ist. Ein im Abgasstrang angeordneter Katalysator dient bei Ottomotoren zur Abgasreinigung. Der üblicherweise eingesetzte, motornah eingebaute 3-Wege-Katalysator baut sowohl im Abgas vorhandene Stickoxide als auch Kohlenwasserstoffe und Kohlenmonoxid weitgehend ab, wenn ein stöchiometrisches Verhältnis des Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemisches (λ = 1) eingehalten wird. Im Magerbetrieb des Ottomotors (λ > 1) werden im 3-Wege-Katalysator Kohlenwasserstoffe und Monoxid oxidiert, während zur Reduktion der Stickoxide dem 3-Wege-Katalysator ein Stickoxid-Speicherkatalysator im Abgasstrang nachgeschaltet ist.A known exhaust system for an internal combustion engine (BOSCH "Kraftfahrisches Taschenbuch", 23rd edition, 99, ISBN 3-528-03876-4) has at least one exhaust gas line, the over an exhaust manifold consisting of several exhaust pipes the exhaust gas outlet openings connected in the cylinder head of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is. It is also known to provide two exhaust strands, each of which half the exhaust gas outlet openings is assigned in the cylinder head. An arranged in the exhaust system Catalyst is used in gasoline engines for exhaust gas purification. The usual used, built-in close-coupled 3-way catalyst builds both Nitrogen oxides present in the exhaust gas as well as hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide largely when a stoichiometric ratio of the Fuel-air mixture (λ = 1) is maintained. In lean operation of the gasoline engine (λ> 1) are in 3-way catalyst Hydrocarbons and monoxide oxidized while reducing nitrogen oxides the 3-way catalyst downstream of a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst in the exhaust system is.
Im Gegensatz zu Dieselmotoren sind derzeit für die die vorgegebenen EU-Grenzwerte einhaltenden Ottomotoren keine Partikelfilter (Ruß- oder Feinstaubfilter) vorgesehen. Bei kalter Brennkraftmaschine und damit kalter Abgasanlage treten aber auch bei Ottomotoren verstärkt Partikelemissionen auf. Zudem fallen bei magerem Gemisch im Schichtbetrieb, speziell bei hoher Last, höhere Partikelemissionen im Vergleich zum Homogenbetrieb an, sodass sich auch für Ottomotoren der Einsatz von Partikelfiltern empfiehlt.in the Unlike diesel engines are currently for the given EU limits continuous gasoline engines no particulate filter (soot or Fine dust filter) provided. With cold engine and so cold exhaust system but also occur in gasoline engines increased particulate emissions on. In addition, fall in lean mixture in shift operation, especially at high load, higher Particle emissions compared to the homogeneous operation, so that also for Otto engines recommends the use of particle filters.
Ein zusätzlicher Partikelfilter im Abgasstrang erhöht den Druck in der Abgasanlage und wirkt sich nachteilig auf Verbrauch und Leistung der Brennkraftmaschine aus.One additional Particulate filter in the exhaust system increases the pressure in the exhaust system and adversely affects consumption and performance of the internal combustion engine out.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, dass einerseits in den Betriebsphasen der Brennkraftmaschine, in denen üblicherweise die Partikelemission ansteigt, eine deutliche Reduzierung der Partikelemission durch den zugeschalteten Partikelfilter erreicht wird und andererseits in den Betriebsphasen der Brennkraftmaschine mit geringer Partikelemission der Abgasgegendruck und Kraftstoffverbrauch durch Abschalten des Partikelfilters und die damit verbundene Herausnahme aus dem Abgasstrom reduziert wird. Darüberhinaus ist der Partikelsensor bei volllastnahem Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine, in dem wegen ausreichend niedriger Partikelemission der Partikelfilter abgeschaltet, d. h. aus dem Abgasstrom herausgenommen, ist, der Partikelfilter vor zu hohen Abgastemperaturen geschützt ist, was zu einer Verlängerung der Lebensdauer des Partikelfilters beiträgt.The inventive internal combustion engine with The features of claim 1 has the advantage that on the one hand in the operating phases of the internal combustion engine, in which usually the particle emission increases, a significant reduction of the particle emission is achieved by the connected particle filter and on the other hand in the operating phases of the engine with low particle emission the exhaust back pressure and fuel consumption by switching off the Particulate filter and the associated removal from the exhaust stream is reduced. Furthermore is the particle sensor at full-load operation of the internal combustion engine, in that because of sufficiently low particle emission of the particulate filter switched off, d. H. taken out of the exhaust stream is, the Particle filter is protected against high exhaust gas temperatures, which to an extension contributes to the lifetime of the particulate filter.
Durch die in den weiteren Ansprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Brennkraftmaschine möglich.By in the further claims listed activities are advantageous developments and improvements in the claim 1 indicated internal combustion engine possible.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Partikelfilter in einem Bypass angeordnet, der einen Strangabschnitt in dem mindestens einen Abgasstrang überbrückt, und in dem überbrückten Strangabschnitt ein steuerbares Sperrglied zum zumindest teilweisen Absperren des Abgasstroms angeordnet. Durch Steuern des Sperrglieds in eine den Abgasstrom durch Schließen des Durchströmungsquerschnitt des Strangabschnitts sperrende Stellung und eine den Querschnitt des Strangabschnitts vollständig freigebende Stellung ist in einfacher Weise das Einschalten des Partikelfilters in den Abgasstrom und das Herausnehmen des Partikelfilters aus dem Abgasstrom realisierbar.According to one advantageous embodiment of the Invention, the particulate filter is arranged in a bypass, the a strand section bridges in the at least one exhaust line, and in the bridged strand section a controllable blocking member for at least partially shutting off the Exhaust gas stream arranged. By controlling the locking member in a Exhaust flow through closing the flow cross section the strand section blocking position and a cross section of the strand section completely releasing position is simply switching on the Particulate filter in the exhaust stream and removing the particulate filter can be realized from the exhaust gas flow.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Steuerung des Sperrglieds abhängig von den Steuergrößen: Temperatur, Betriebszustand und Betriebspunkt der Brennkraftmaschine vorgenommen. Die Steuergröße „Betriebszustand” erfasst Schichtbetrieb oder Homogenbetrieb bei der Gemischaufbereitung und die Steuergröße „Betriebspunkt” die Last bzw. Drehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine. Mit diesen Steuergrößen lässt sich die Partikelemission der Brennkraftmaschine in ihren verschiedenen Betriebsphasen abschätzen und durch entsprechendes Einschalten des Partikelfilters unterhalb einer kritischen Konzentration halten. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann auch die Partikelbeladung des Abgases durch einen Partikelsensor erfasst und das Zu- oder Abschalten des Partikelfilters davon abhängig gemacht wird, ob die gemessene Partikelkonzentration oberhalb oder unterhalb eines Vorgabewerts liegt. Die Steuerung des Sperrglieds zum Ein- und Abschalten des Partikelfilters wird vorzugsweise mit einem üblicherweise die Brennkraftmaschine steuernden elektronischen Steuergerät vorgenommen.According to one advantageous embodiment of the Invention is the control of the blocking member depending on the control variables: temperature, Operating state and operating point of the internal combustion engine made. The control variable "operating state" is recorded Shift operation or homogeneous operation in the mixture preparation and the control variable "operating point" is the load or speed of the internal combustion engine. With these control variables can be the particle emission of the internal combustion engine in their various Estimate operating phases and by switching on the particulate filter below a critical concentration. Alternatively or additionally also the particle loading of the exhaust gas through a particle sensor detected and the connection or disconnection of the particulate filter made dependent will determine if the measured particle concentration is above or below of a default value. The control of the blocking element for and shutdown of the particulate filter is preferably done with a conventional the internal combustion engine controlling electronic control unit made.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind Sperrglied und Bypass stromabwärts eines im Abgasstrang vorhandenen Katalysators angeordnet. Dadurch werden die Vorteile eines motornahen Einbaus des Katalysators nicht geschmälert. Dieser Katalysator ist vorzugsweise ein 3-Wege-Katalysator.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, blocking member and bypass are arranged downstream of a catalyst present in the exhaust system. As a result, the advantages of a close-coupled installation of the catalyst are not diminished. This catalyst is preferably a 3-way catalyst.
Häufig ist im Abgasstrang ein weitere Katalysator, der sog. Hauptkatalysator, angeordnet, der auch baulich getrennt im Fahrzeug angeordnet ist. In diesem Fall sind Sperrglied und Bypass zwischen den beiden Katalysatoren im Abgasstrang angeordnet.Frequently in the exhaust gas line, another catalyst, the so-called main catalyst, arranged, which is arranged structurally separated in the vehicle. In this case, blocking member and bypass are between the two catalysts arranged in the exhaust system.
Bei bestimmten Konzepten der Brennkraftmaschine mit Direkteinspritzung und Schichtbetrieb ist anstelle eines Hauptkatalysators ein Stickoxid-Speicherkatalysator oder ein selektiver Reduktions-Katalysator für die Stickoxide vorhanden. Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist in diesem Fall der Stickoxid-Speicherkatalysator oder der Reduktionskatalysator in den Bypass verlegt und zwar stromabwärts des Partikelfilters. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass der Stickoxid-Speicherkatalysator bzw. der Reduktionskatalysator vor hohen Abgastemperaturen, wie sie bei Volllast auftreten geschützt wird, da in dieser Betriebsphase der Brennkraftmaschine der Bypass nicht von dem Abgasstrom durchströmt wird.at certain concepts of internal combustion engine with direct injection and shift operation is a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst instead of a main catalyst or a selective reduction catalyst for the Nitrogen oxides present. According to one advantageous embodiment The invention in this case is the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst or the reduction catalyst is placed in the bypass, downstream of the Particulate filter. This has the advantage that the nitrogen oxide storage catalyst or the reduction catalyst before high exhaust gas temperatures, such as protected at full load is because in this phase of the engine operation of the bypass does not flow through the exhaust stream.
Bei Brennkraftmaschinen mit Turboladern ist gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung der Turbolader in dem vom Bypass überbrückten Strangabschnitt angeordnet und das Sperrglied dem Turbolader in Strömungsrichtung vorgeordnet. In den partikelkritische Zuständen im Kaltbetrieb des Motors ist keine Aufladung der Brennkraftmaschine erforderlich, sodass der Turbolader durch Überführen des Sperrglieds in seine den Abgasstrom sperrende Stellung umgangen werden kann und der durch den Partikelfilter erzeugte Druckverlust zumindest teilweise kompensiert wird.at Internal combustion engines with turbochargers is according to an advantageous embodiment the turbocharger invention arranged in the bypass section bridged by the bypass and the blocking member upstream of the turbocharger in the flow direction. In the particle-critical states in cold operation of the engine is no charging of the internal combustion engine required so that the turbocharger by transferring the locking member in his the exhaust gas flow blocking position can be bypassed and by the pressure loss generated by the particulate filter is at least partially compensated becomes.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung überbrückt der Bypass bei Brennkraftmaschinen mit einem zwei getrennte Abgasstränge aufweisenden Abgastrakt gemeinsam die Strangabschnitte in den beiden Abgassträngen, in welchen jeweils ein Sperrglied angeordnet ist. Dadurch kann der Partikelfilter – und auch der dem Partikelfilter nachgeschaltete Reduktionskatalysator – für beide Abgasstränge genutzt und dadurch eine deutliche Kostenreduzierung erzielt werden.According to one advantageous embodiment of the The invention bridges the Bypass in internal combustion engines with a two separate exhaust strands having Exhaust tract together the strand sections in the two exhaust gas lines, in which in each case a locking member is arranged. This allows the Particle filter - and also the downstream of the particulate filter reduction catalyst - used for both exhaust gas lines and thereby a significant cost reduction can be achieved.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
Die Erfindung ist anhand von in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer DarstellungThe The invention is based on embodiments shown in the drawings explained in more detail in the following description. It show in more schematic presentation
Die
in
Zur
Reduktion der Partikelemission (Ruß und/oder Feinstaub) in für Partikelemission
kritischen Phasen der Brennkraftmaschine ist ein Partikelfilter
Der
beladene Partikelfilter
Bei
dem in
Das
in
Bei
den beiden in
Das
in
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008042628A DE102008042628A1 (en) | 2008-10-06 | 2008-10-06 | Internal-combustion engine i.e. petrol engine, for use in vehicle, has exhaust gas tract provided with exhaust gas strand for guiding gas stream, and particle filter activated in gas stream in operating phases of engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102008042628A DE102008042628A1 (en) | 2008-10-06 | 2008-10-06 | Internal-combustion engine i.e. petrol engine, for use in vehicle, has exhaust gas tract provided with exhaust gas strand for guiding gas stream, and particle filter activated in gas stream in operating phases of engine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102008042628A1 true DE102008042628A1 (en) | 2010-04-08 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE102008042628A Withdrawn DE102008042628A1 (en) | 2008-10-06 | 2008-10-06 | Internal-combustion engine i.e. petrol engine, for use in vehicle, has exhaust gas tract provided with exhaust gas strand for guiding gas stream, and particle filter activated in gas stream in operating phases of engine |
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DE (1) | DE102008042628A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116335809A (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2023-06-27 | 重庆赛力斯新能源汽车设计院有限公司 | Range-extending type automobile exhaust system and range-extending type automobile |
-
2008
- 2008-10-06 DE DE102008042628A patent/DE102008042628A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116335809A (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2023-06-27 | 重庆赛力斯新能源汽车设计院有限公司 | Range-extending type automobile exhaust system and range-extending type automobile |
CN116335809B (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2024-06-07 | 重庆赛力斯新能源汽车设计院有限公司 | Range-extending type automobile exhaust system and range-extending type automobile |
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