DE102005021982B4 - Process for the preparation of a penetrator - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of a penetrator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102005021982B4 DE102005021982B4 DE200510021982 DE102005021982A DE102005021982B4 DE 102005021982 B4 DE102005021982 B4 DE 102005021982B4 DE 200510021982 DE200510021982 DE 200510021982 DE 102005021982 A DE102005021982 A DE 102005021982A DE 102005021982 B4 DE102005021982 B4 DE 102005021982B4
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- penetrator
- tungsten
- blank
- heavy metal
- metal alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/16—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for explosive shells
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
- F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Penetrators aus einer Wolfram-Schwermetall-Legierung mit hohem Wolframanteil, wobei eine wolframhaltige Pulvermischung gepresst, gesintert und gegebenenfalls einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen wird und der Penetratorrohling (1) anschließend kalt umgeformt und gegebenenfalls warm ausgelagert wird, wobei die oberflächennahe Randschicht (6) des Penetratorrohlings (1) nach der Kaltumformung mittels eines Induktionsglühverfahrens auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Rekristallisationstemperatur der Wolfram-Schwermetall-Legierung erhitzt wird.method for producing a penetrator made of a tungsten-heavy metal alloy high tungsten content, wherein a tungsten-containing powder mixture pressed, sintered and optionally subjected to a heat treatment and the Penetratorrohling (1) then cold formed and optionally is outsourced warm, wherein the near - surface boundary layer (6) of the Penetrator blanks (1) after cold forming by induction annealing to a temperature above the recrystallization temperature of Tungsten heavy metal alloy is heated.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Penetrators aus einer Wolfram- Schwermetall-Legierung mit hohem Wolframanteil, wobei eine wolframhaltige Pulvermischung gepresst, gesintert und gegebenenfalls einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen wird und der Penetratorrohling anschließend kalt umgeformt und gegebenenfalls warm ausgelagert wird.The The invention relates to a method for producing a penetrator made of a tungsten heavy metal alloy high tungsten content, wherein a tungsten-containing powder mixture pressed, sintered and optionally subjected to a heat treatment and the Penetratorrohling then cold formed and optionally is outsourced warm.
Penetratoren aus einer Wolfram-Schwermetall-Legierung besitzen üblicherweise einen hohen Wolframanteil (90 bis ca. 97 Gew.-%), da diese Werkstoffe aufgrund ihrer hohen Massen gute Penetrationsleistungen bei senkrechtem Aufprall auf einfache gepanzerte Ziele besitzen. Allerdings führt der hohe Wolframanteil zu einer Versprödung des Werkstoffes, so dass es bei schräg angeordneten Zielen sowie bei Mehrplattenzielen häufig bereits vor Durchdringen des Zieles zu einem Auseinanderbrechen des Penetrators kommt. Die kinetische Energie der dabei entstehenden relativ kurzen Bruchstücke reicht aufgrund ihrer geringen Masse in der Regel nicht aus, um die verbleibende(n) Zielplatte(n) zu durchdringen.penetrators Of a tungsten heavy metal alloy usually have a high proportion of tungsten (90 to about 97 wt .-%), as these materials due to their high masses good penetration performance at vertical Impact on simple armored targets. However, the leads high tungsten content leads to embrittlement of the material, so that it at an angle arranged targets as well as multi-disk targets often already before penetration of the target to a breakup of the penetrator comes. The kinetic energy of the resulting relatively short fragments Due to their low mass is usually not enough to penetrate the remaining target plate (s).
Die Sprödigkeit bekannter WSM-Penetratoren nimmt häufig noch dadurch zu, dass bei der mechanischen Bearbeitung, beispielsweise durch Drehen oder Schleifen, Anrisse der oberflächennahen Wolframkörner auftreten, die im Belastungsfall dann durch Rissfortpflanzung zu einem frühzeitigen Versagen des Penetrators führen können.The brittleness Well-known WSM penetrators often increase in that in mechanical processing, for example by turning or Loops, cracks of near-surface tungsten grains occur, then in the load case by crack propagation to an early Failure of the penetrator lead can.
Aus
der
Nachteilig bei diesem bekannten Verfahren ist allerdings, dass Säuren verwendet werden müssen, die anwendungs- und umweltunfreundlich sind. Außerdem ist die Herstellung derartiger Penetratoren relativ aufwendig, weil durch den Ätzvorgang die vorgegebenen Maße des Penetrators nicht beeinflusst werden dürfen.adversely however, in this known method, acids are used Need to become, which are application and environmentally unfriendly. Besides, the production is Such penetrators relatively expensive, because by the etching process the given dimensions of the penetrator may not be influenced.
Aus
der
Ein
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Halbzeug aus gesinterten Refraktärmetall-Legierungen,
wie Wolfram- und Molybdän-Legierungen,
beschreibt die
Die
Mit
der
Aus der DD-PS 33 456 ist ein Verfahren zur Verhinderung der Korngrenzversprödung verformter Metalle bekannt, bei dem die Metallkristalle mit geeigneten kristallographischen Orientierungen durch Walzen, Ziehen, Fließdrücken oder dergleichen in kleinen Schritten verformt werden.Out DD-PS 33 456 is a method for preventing grain boundary embrittlement of deformed metals known in which the metal crystals with suitable crystallographic Orientations by rolling, drawing, flow or the like in small Steps are deformed.
Mit
der
Der
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gegenüber vergleichbaren bekannten Verfahren einfacheres Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Penetrators mit sprödem Penetratorkern und duktilem Mantel anzugeben.Of the Invention is based on the object, compared to a comparable known Method simpler method for producing a penetrator with brittle Specify penetrator core and ductile sheath.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens offenbart der Patentanspruch 2.These The object is achieved by the Characteristics of claim 1 solved. A device for carrying out the Process discloses the patent claim 2.
Der Erfindung liegt im wesentlichen der Gedanke zugrunde, die oberflächennahe Randschicht des Penetratorrohlings nach der Kaltumformung auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Rekristallisationstemperatur der Wolframlegierung zu erhitzen, so dass diese Schicht rekristallisiert, zu einer Verfeinerung der Binderkörner führt und sich dadurch eine Erhöhung der Zähigkeit des Penetrators in seinem Randbereich ergibt. Die Rekristallisation der oberflächennahen Randschicht des Penetratorrohlings erfolgt mittels des Induktionsglühverfahrens.Of the Invention is based essentially on the idea, the near-surface Outer layer of the penetrator blank after cold forming on a Temperature above the recrystallization temperature of the tungsten alloy to heat up, so that this layer recrystallizes, to a refinement of the binder grains leads and thereby an increase toughness of the penetrator results in its edge region. The recrystallization the near-surface Outer layer of the penetrator blank takes place by means of the induction annealing process.
Durch
das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren
wird ein Penetrator mit einem relativ spröden Kern hoher Dichte und einem
duktilen und kraftschlüssig
mit dem Penetratorkern verbundenen äußeren Mantel (Randbereich)
erzeugt, wobei der äußere Mantel
ein Brechen bei schrägem
Zielaufprall verhindert. In Abhängigkeit
der endballistischen Anforderungen sowie der Konstruktionsmerkmale
sollte die Tiefe der zähen Randschicht
zwischen 10 % und 20 % des Penetratorrohlings betragen. Die Herstellung
einer separaten Hülle
und ein aufwendiges Befestigen einer derartigen Hülle an dem
Penetratorkern, wie im Falle der vorstehend erwähnten
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem folgenden anhand von vier Figuren erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel. Es zeigen:Further Details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following explained with reference to four figures Embodiment. Show it:
In
Bei
Aktivierung des Frequenzgenerators
Die
Dieses
führt zu
einer Zunahme der Zähigkeit der
WSM-Legierung in der Randschicht
Da
mit zunehmender Frequenz die Tiefe
- 11
- PenetratorrohlingPenetratorrohling
- 22
- HochfrequenzspuleRF coil
- 33
- Stützkörpersupport body
- 44
- HochfrequenzgeneratorHigh-frequency generator
- 55
- elektrische Leitungelectrical management
- 66
- Randschichtboundary layer
- 77
- Penetratorkernpenetrator
- 88th
- Tiefe (Randschicht)depth (Boundary layer)
- 99
- Penetratorrohling DurchmesserPenetratorrohling diameter
- 1010
- W-KörnerW grains
- 1111
- W-Ni-Co-haltige BinderphaseW-Ni-Co-containing binder phase
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200510021982 DE102005021982B4 (en) | 2005-05-12 | 2005-05-12 | Process for the preparation of a penetrator |
EP06008936A EP1722187A1 (en) | 2005-05-12 | 2006-04-28 | Method of prooducing a penetrator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200510021982 DE102005021982B4 (en) | 2005-05-12 | 2005-05-12 | Process for the preparation of a penetrator |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102005021982A1 DE102005021982A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
DE102005021982B4 true DE102005021982B4 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
Family
ID=36499099
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE200510021982 Active DE102005021982B4 (en) | 2005-05-12 | 2005-05-12 | Process for the preparation of a penetrator |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1722187A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102005021982B4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007037702A1 (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2009-02-12 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Method and apparatus for producing a tubular solid body from a high-melting tungsten-heavy metal alloy, in particular as a semi-finished product for the production of a penetrator for a balancing projectile with splinter effect |
FR3039266B1 (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-09-01 | Cime Bocuze | PENETRATOR HAVING A CORE SURROUNDED BY A DUCTILE SHEATH AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A PENETRATOR |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD33456A1 (en) * | 1963-10-21 | 1964-11-05 | Erich Zedler | Method for preventing grain boundary embrittlement of deformed metals |
DE1558787B2 (en) * | 1966-05-17 | 1971-01-07 | Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd | Process for the heat treatment of tungsten alloys |
DE1558821B2 (en) * | 1967-03-25 | 1975-10-02 | Veb Keramische Werke Hermsdorf, X 6530 Hermsdorf | Process for increasing the ductility of semi-finished products made of tungsten or tungsten alloys |
DE2848019B2 (en) * | 1977-11-28 | 1980-07-24 | Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon- Buehrle Ag, Zuerich (Schweiz) | Method of making an armor-piercing projectile |
DE3932383A1 (en) * | 1989-09-28 | 1991-04-11 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Partial heat treatment of heavy metal munition round - comprising dipped in bath of molten salts for intense local heating to avoid temp. control of after body in oven |
EP0340264B1 (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1992-10-21 | Metallwerk Plansee Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Process for manufacturing semi-finished products from sintered refractory metal alloys |
DE4113177C2 (en) * | 1991-04-23 | 1993-10-21 | Nwm De Kruithoorn Bv | Process for making a penetrator |
DE4016051C2 (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1994-10-06 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Jacket penetrator |
DE19536978A1 (en) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-04-04 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Weld plating of steel tube |
DE10303181A1 (en) * | 2003-01-28 | 2004-07-29 | Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg | Alloy material, for ammunition, especially for penetrators of armor-piercing ammunition, contains tantalum and balance of tungsten |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3979234A (en) * | 1975-09-18 | 1976-09-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Process for fabricating articles of tungsten-nickel-iron alloy |
SE407695B (en) * | 1977-08-31 | 1979-04-09 | Bofors Ab | BATTLE PART OF STEEL AND WAY TO MANUFACTURE IT |
FR2633205B1 (en) * | 1988-06-22 | 1992-04-30 | Cime Bocuze | PROCESS FOR DIRECT SHAPING AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH-DENSITY TUNGSTEN ALLOY PERFORMING PROJECTILES |
FR2821151B1 (en) * | 2001-02-16 | 2004-05-28 | Manurhin Defense | PERFORATING PROJECTILE FOR A SMALL OR MEDIUM CALIBER AMMUNITION AND METHOD FOR MOUNTING SUCH A PERFORATING PROJECTILE |
DE10305721A1 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2004-09-02 | Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh | Process for producing a jacket penetrator |
-
2005
- 2005-05-12 DE DE200510021982 patent/DE102005021982B4/en active Active
-
2006
- 2006-04-28 EP EP06008936A patent/EP1722187A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD33456A1 (en) * | 1963-10-21 | 1964-11-05 | Erich Zedler | Method for preventing grain boundary embrittlement of deformed metals |
DE1558787B2 (en) * | 1966-05-17 | 1971-01-07 | Imp Metal Ind Kynoch Ltd | Process for the heat treatment of tungsten alloys |
DE1558821B2 (en) * | 1967-03-25 | 1975-10-02 | Veb Keramische Werke Hermsdorf, X 6530 Hermsdorf | Process for increasing the ductility of semi-finished products made of tungsten or tungsten alloys |
DE2848019B2 (en) * | 1977-11-28 | 1980-07-24 | Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon- Buehrle Ag, Zuerich (Schweiz) | Method of making an armor-piercing projectile |
EP0340264B1 (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1992-10-21 | Metallwerk Plansee Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Process for manufacturing semi-finished products from sintered refractory metal alloys |
DE3932383A1 (en) * | 1989-09-28 | 1991-04-11 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Partial heat treatment of heavy metal munition round - comprising dipped in bath of molten salts for intense local heating to avoid temp. control of after body in oven |
DE4016051C2 (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1994-10-06 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Jacket penetrator |
DE4113177C2 (en) * | 1991-04-23 | 1993-10-21 | Nwm De Kruithoorn Bv | Process for making a penetrator |
DE19536978A1 (en) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-04-04 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Weld plating of steel tube |
DE10303181A1 (en) * | 2003-01-28 | 2004-07-29 | Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg | Alloy material, for ammunition, especially for penetrators of armor-piercing ammunition, contains tantalum and balance of tungsten |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102005021982A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
EP1722187A1 (en) | 2006-11-15 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: RHEINMETALL WAFFE MUNITION GMBH, 29345 UNTERLU, DE |
|
R082 | Change of representative |
Representative=s name: DREISS PATENTANWAELTE PARTG MBB, DE |
|
R082 | Change of representative |
Representative=s name: DREISS PATENTANWAELTE PARTG MBB, DE |