DD233379A5 - HIGH-TEMPERATURE LUBRICANT FOR THE SPANLESS HOT FORMING OF METALS - Google Patents

HIGH-TEMPERATURE LUBRICANT FOR THE SPANLESS HOT FORMING OF METALS Download PDF

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Publication number
DD233379A5
DD233379A5 DD85276675A DD27667585A DD233379A5 DD 233379 A5 DD233379 A5 DD 233379A5 DD 85276675 A DD85276675 A DD 85276675A DD 27667585 A DD27667585 A DD 27667585A DD 233379 A5 DD233379 A5 DD 233379A5
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DD
German Democratic Republic
Prior art keywords
temperature lubricant
lubricant according
temperature
lubricant
boron compound
Prior art date
Application number
DD85276675A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Jacques Periard
Hans R Staub
Alain Cron
Original Assignee
Lonza Ag,Ch
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Publication date
Application filed by Lonza Ag,Ch filed Critical Lonza Ag,Ch
Publication of DD233379A5 publication Critical patent/DD233379A5/en

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    • C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
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    • C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
    • C10M103/02—Carbon; Graphite
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    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/086—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/028—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrogen-containing hetero ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/242—Hot working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/243—Cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
    • C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating

Abstract

Hochtemperaturschmierstoff fuer die spanlose Heissumformung von Metallen, der vorzugsweise Form einer in waessriger Dispersion angewendet wird. Um einerseits ein Koagulieren der Feststoffe in der waessrigen Dispersion zu vermeiden, und andererseits einen temperaturbestaendigen gleichmaessigen Schmierfilm zu erhalten, enthaelt der Hochtemperaturschmierstoff neben einem Festschmierstoff einem rueckstandsfrei sich zersetzenden organischen Produkt zusaetzlich einen anorganischen Zusatz aus Polyphosphat, einer Borverbindung und einem Alkalisilikat, sowie ein organisches Stabilisierungsmittel.High-temperature lubricant for non-cutting hot forming of metals, which is preferably applied in aqueous dispersion form. On the one hand to avoid coagulation of the solids in the aqueous dispersion, and on the other hand to obtain a temperature-resistant uniform lubricating film, contains the high-temperature lubricant in addition to a solid lubricant a residue-free decomposing organic product additionally an inorganic additive of polyphosphate, a boron compound and an alkali silicate, and an organic stabilizing agent.

Description

Anwendungsgebiet der ErfindungField of application of the invention

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hochtemperaturschmierstoff für die spanlose Heißumformung von Metallen, enthaltend einen Festschmierstoff und ein rückstandfrei sich zersetzendes organisches Produkt.The invention relates to a high-temperature lubricant for non-cutting hot forming of metals, containing a solid lubricant and a residue-free decomposing organic product.

Charakteristik der bekannten technischen LösungenCharacteristic of the known technical solutions

Es ist aus der CH-PS596294 ein Hochtemperaturschmiermittel aus Graphit, einem Älkylenpolymerisat oder -mischpolymerisat und einem Dispergiermittel bekannt. Das in derartigen Schmiermitteln angewendete Polymerisat brennt während der Umformung des Metalles rückstandfrei ab, wobei man davon ausgehen kann, daß anfänglich die Polymerisatschmelze und später deren gasförmigen Zersetzungsprodukte schmierwirksam sind.It is known from CH-PS596294 a high-temperature lubricant of graphite, an ethylene polymer or copolymer and a dispersant. The polymer used in such lubricants burns off without residue during the transformation of the metal, it being possible to assume that initially the polymer melt and later its gaseous decomposition products are lubricious.

In der DE-OS 2430249 wird ein Hochtemperaturschmierstoff für die Heißumformung von Metallen auf der Basis eines Phosphat-Borat-Glas, einem die Schmierung verbrennenden Zusatzstoff und einem Treibwirkung auslösenden, rückstandfrei sich zersetzenden organischen Produktes beschrieben.DE-OS 2430249 describes a high-temperature lubricant for the hot forming of metals on the basis of a phosphate borate glass, a lubricant burning additive and a blowing effect causing, residue-free decomposing organic product.

Diese bekannten Schmiermittel erbringen an sich hervorragende Schmierleistungen. Für die Anwendung bei hohen Temperaturen, insbesondere bei der Verwendung auf Werkzeugen oder Werkstücken, die Temperaturen von über 35O0C und besonders Temperaturen von 6000C und darüber aufweisen, war aber ein starkes Abfallen der Schmierleistung zu beobachten. Die Zusätze von Alkaliphosphatborat-Schmelzprodukten ergeben ein Produkt, das als weiteren Nachteil schlechte Benetzungseigenschaften aus heißen Oberflächen zeigt. Um diesen Nachteil zu beheben, wares notwendig, die Schmiermitteldispersion mit Kieselsäuren zu stabilisieren. Die Kieselsäure ihrerseits hat aber wieder einen schlechten Einfluß auf das Schmierverhalten und die Lebensdauer der Werkzeuge.These known lubricants provide excellent lubrication performance. For use at high temperatures, in particular when used on tools or workpieces having temperatures of over 35O 0 C and especially temperatures of 600 0 C and above, but was a strong drop in the lubricating performance to observe. The additions of alkali metal phosphate borate melt products give a product which, as a further disadvantage, exhibits poor wetting properties from hot surfaces. To overcome this disadvantage, it was necessary to stabilize the lubricant dispersion with silicic acids. The silica, however, again has a bad influence on the lubricating behavior and the life of the tools.

Ziel der ErfindungObject of the invention

Ziel der Erfindung ist es, die Mängel des Standes der Technik zu beseitigen.The aim of the invention is to eliminate the deficiencies of the prior art.

Darlegung des Wesens der ErfindungExplanation of the essence of the invention

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Hochtemperaturschmierstoff für die spanlose Heißumformung von Metallen — der einen Festschmierstoff und ein in der Wärme sich rückstandfrei zersetzendes organisches Produkt enthält — bereitzustellen, der die genannten Nachteile nicht aufweist und bei Temperaturen über 6000C zu geschlossenen und voll ti: The invention is therefore based on the object, a high-temperature lubricant for the chipless hot forming of metals - containing a solid lubricant and a heat-free decomposing decomposing organic product - provide that does not have the disadvantages mentioned and at temperatures above 600 0 C to closed and full ti :

wirksamen Schmierfilmen führt.effective lubricating films leads.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß der Schmierstoff weiter einen anorganischen Zusatz in Form einer Mischung aus einem schwer- oder unlöslichen Polyphosphat, einer Borverbindung und einem Alkalisilikat und ein organisches Stabilisierungsmittel enthält.According to the invention the object is achieved in that the lubricant further contains an inorganic additive in the form of a mixture of a difficult or insoluble polyphosphate, a boron compound and an alkali metal silicate and an organic stabilizer.

Zweckmäßig besteht der anorganische Zusatz aus einer Mischung aus 0,2 bis 25Gew.-% Borverbindung, 0,2 bis 98,8Gew.-% Polyphosphat und 1 bis 99,6Gew.-% Alkalisilikat.Suitably, the inorganic additive consists of a mixture of 0.2 to 25 wt .-% boron compound, 0.2 to 98.8 wt .-% polyphosphate and 1 to 99.6Gew .-% alkali metal silicate.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird das Polyphosphat in unlöslicher oder schwerlöslicher Form angewendet.In a preferred embodiment, the polyphosphate is used in insoluble or sparingly soluble form.

Vorzugsweise kommen als Polyphosphate Madrell'sche Salze oder Kurrol'sche Salze zur Anwendung. Dabei handelt es sich um Verbindungen der Art (Na PO3In mit η von 6 bis 50000, vorzugsweise 6 bis 10000. Die Borverbindung kann in löslicher und vorzugsweise in schwerlöslicher oder unlöslicher Form angewendet werden.The polyphosphates used are preferably Madrell salts or Kurrol salts. These are compounds of the type (Na PO 3 I n with η of 6 to 50,000, preferably 6 to 10,000. The boron compound can be used in soluble and preferably sparingly soluble or insoluble form.

Als Borverbindung können beispielsweise Borax, Borsäure, B2O3, KB5O8 · 4H2O oder Zinkborat angewendet werden.For example, borax, boric acid, B 2 O 3 , KB 5 O 8 .4H 2 O or zinc borate can be used as the boron compound.

Das zur Anwendung gelangende Alkalisilikat ist bevorzugt ein Natronwasserglas oder Kaliwasserglas mit einem SiO2-GehaitThe alkali silicate used is preferably a soda or glass of potassium silicate with a SiO 2 content

zwischen 21 und 47%. —— — between 21 and 47%. - -

Die Anwendung der bevorzugt genannten unlöslichen oder schwerlöslichen Verbindung ist besonders vorteilhaft, im Hinblick auf die Benetzung heißer Oberflächen und insbesondere auf die gleichmäßige Schichtdicke des Hochtemperaturschmierstoffes auf den Werkzeug- und/oder Werkstücksoberflächen bei Temperaturen über 3500C und insbesondere bei 6000C und darüber.The use of the preferably mentioned insoluble or sparingly soluble compound is particularly advantageous with regard to the wetting of hot surfaces and in particular to the uniform layer thickness of the high temperature lubricant on the tool and / or workpiece surfaces at temperatures above 350 0 C and especially at 600 0 C and above ,

Die Mengenverhältnisse der einzelnen Komponenten können für den Festschmierstoff 1 bis 90Gew.-%, für das in Wärme rückstandsfrei sich zersetzende organische Produkt 1 bis 50Gew.-%, für den erfindungsgemäßen anorganischen Zusatz 1 bis 80Gew.-% und für das organische Stabilisierungsmittel 0,2 bis 80Gew.-%, betragen.The proportions of the individual components can be 1 to 90% by weight for the solid lubricant, 1 to 50% by weight for the organic product which decomposes without residue in the heat, 1 to 80% by weight for the inorganic additive according to the invention and 0 for the organic stabilizer 0, 2 to 80% by weight.

In einer erfindungsgemäßen, vorzugsweisen Ausführung wird das sich rückstandfrei zersetzende organische Produkt in Schmierstoffen zur Anwendung für Temperaturen bis 35O0C in Mengen von maximal 50Gew.-%, und sich linear für Temperaturen von 600°C und darüber auf maximal 5Gew.-% verringernd, eingesetzt.In a preferred embodiment according to the invention, the residue-free decomposing organic product in lubricants for use for temperatures up to 35O 0 C in amounts of up to 50Gew .-%, and linearly reduced for temperatures of 600 ° C and above to a maximum of 5Gew .-% used.

Typische Schmierstoffe für eine Anwendung bei Temperaturen von 3500C können demnach 40 bis 90Gew.-% Festschmierstoff, 10 bis 50Gew.-% organisches Produkt, 0,2 bis 5Gew.-% anorganischen Zusatz und 0,2 bis 5Gew.-% organisches Stabilisierungsmittel enthalten.Typical lubricants for use at temperatures of 350 0 C can accordingly 40 to 90Gew .-% solid lubricant, from 10 to 50wt .-% of the organic product, from 0.2 to 5 wt .-% inorganic additive, and 0.2 to 5 wt .-% organic Stabilizer included.

Für Schmierstoffe, die bei Temperaturen von 6000C und darüber angewendet werden sollen, lautet die Zusammensetzung zweckmäßig 10 bis 90Gew.-% Festschmierstoff, 1 bis 15Gew.-% organisches Produkt, 10 bis80Gew.-% anorganischer Zusatz und 0,2 bis 4Gew.-% organisches Stabilisierungsmittel.Lubricants that at temperatures of 600 0 C and above are to be applied, the composition is suitably 10 to 90Gew .-% solid lubricant, 1 to 15wt .-% of the organic product, 10 bis80Gew .-% inorganic additive, and 0.2 to 4 wt % organic stabilizer.

Als Festschmierstoff können Graphit, MoS2 (Molybdändisulfid), CaF2 oder BN eingesetzt werden.As a solid lubricant graphite, MoS 2 (molybdenum disulfide), CaF 2 or BN can be used.

Von den Festschmierstoffen führt Graphit zu besonders guten Ergebnissen. Aus der Reihe der Graphite werden solche mit hoher Reinheit, beispielsweise über 96%, und einer durchschnittlichen Korngröße von nicht mehr als 300 Mikrometer bevorzugt. Die besten Ergebnisse lassen sich mit einem Graphit von 99,5% Reinheit und einer durchschnittlichen Korngröße von 100 Mikrometer erzielen.Of the solid lubricants graphite leads to particularly good results. Of the series of graphites, those of high purity, for example over 96%, and an average grain size of not more than 300 microns are preferred. The best results can be achieved with a graphite of 99.5% purity and an average grain size of 100 microns.

Die sich in Wärme rückstandsfrei zersetzenden organischen Produkte sind beispielsweise Alkylenhomopolymere oder copolymere. Es werden darunter die Homo- und Copolymere von Arylalkenen, α,/3-ungesättigte Säuren und Ester, ß, yjngesättigten Säuren und Ester, Alkene (Monoolefine, Diolefine etc.). Vinylester, Vinylalkohole, ungesättigte dibasische Säuren jnd Ester (Dicarboxylsäuren und -ester), Alkylester und acyclische Säuren und Ester verstanden.The organic products decomposing in heat without residue are, for example, alkylene homopolymers or copolymers. These include the homopolymers and copolymers of arylalkenes, α, / 3-unsaturated acids and esters, β, y unsaturated acids and esters, alkenes (monoolefins, diolefins etc.). Vinyl esters, vinyl alcohols, unsaturated dibasic acids and esters (dicarboxylic acids and esters), alkyl esters and acyclic acids and esters.

DasAlkylenhomopolymeroder-copolymerkann Polyethylen, Polymethylmethacrylat, Polystyrol, Polybutadien, Polyvinylacetat, Polyvinylpropionat, ein Copolymer aus Methylmethacrylat und Styrol, ein Copolymer aus Methylenmethacrylat und Mphamethylstyrol, Polydiallylphthalat, Polypropylen, ein Copolymer aus Styrol und Butadien, Polymethylmethacrylat, ein Kopolymer aus Vinylacetat und Dibutylmaleinat, ein Copolymer aus Vinylacetat und Ethylen und Polyisobutylen, sein.The alkylene homopolymer or copolymer may include polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polybutadiene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl propionate, a copolymer of methyl methacrylate and styrene, a copolymer of methyl methacrylate and mphamethyl styrene, polydiallyl phthalate, polypropylene, a copolymer of styrene and butadiene, polymethyl methacrylate, a copolymer of vinyl acetate and dibutyl maleate Copolymer of vinyl acetate and ethylene and polyisobutylene, be.

Diese Polymere können allein oder im Gemisch untereinander angewendet werden.These polymers can be used alone or mixed with each other.

Der Hochtemperaturschmierstoff kann noch eine Reihe weiterer Zusätze enthalten. Dazu gehören mikrobiologisch aktive <omponenten und Netzmittel.The high-temperature lubricant may contain a number of other additives. These include microbiologically active components and wetting agents.

3esonders vorteilhaft an vorliegenden erfindungsgemäßen Schmierstoffen ist die völlige Abwesenheit von Kieselsäure, die in jer Regel in Form hochdispersem Siliciumoxid vorliegt und bei Zusammensetzungen, die Polyphosphate enthalten, als Stabilisator angewendet werden muß. Die Kieselsäure ist an sich unerwünscht, da sie einen schlechten Einfluß auf das Schmierverhalten und auf die Lebensdauer der Werkzeuge hat.Particularly advantageous to present lubricants according to the invention is the total absence of silica, which is usually present in the form of finely divided silica and in compositions containing polyphosphates, must be used as a stabilizer. The silica is undesirable in itself, as it has a bad influence on the lubrication behavior and on the life of the tools.

Bei bekannten Formulationen war das Problem der Stabilisierung des Hochtemperaturschmierstoffes durch ein Ersetzen der kieselsäure durch beispielsweise Cellulosen oder Polysaccharide nicht zu lösen. In wäßriger Suspension neigen derartige Stoffgemische zum Koagulieren und werden dann unbrauchbar. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Mischung des anorganischen Zusatzes in Kombination mit den organischen Stabilisatoren konnten diese Nachteile behoben werden.In known formulations, the problem of stabilizing the high-temperature lubricant by replacing the silicic acid with, for example, celluloses or polysaccharides could not be solved. In aqueous suspension, such mixtures tend to coagulate and then become unusable. By means of the inventive mixture of the inorganic additive in combination with the organic stabilizers, these disadvantages could be eliminated.

irfindungsgemäß soll der Hochtemperaturschmierstoff zum Gebrauch als 5 bis 50 Gew.-%ige wäßrige Dispersion vorliegen. Die Dispersion weist zweckmäßig eine Viskosität von 500 bis 15000cp bei 10 bis 300C auf.According to the invention, the high-temperature lubricant should be present for use as a 5 to 50% by weight aqueous dispersion. The dispersion expediently has a viscosity of 500 to 15000 cp at 10 to 30 0 C.

Jm die Viskosität der Dispersion zu erreichen, kann schon der im Hochtemperaturschmierstoff enthaltene organische Stabilisator ausreichend sein. Es ist aber auch möglich, durch einen Verdicker oder ein Gemisch von Verdickern die Viskosität zu steuern. Aus der Reihe von geeigneten Verdickern eignen sich z. B. wasserlösliche Polysaccharide, Alkylcellulosen, 'olyvinylalkohole, Polyarylate, Polyvinylpyrrolidon, gegebenenfalls Mineralien, wie Tone.In order to achieve the viscosity of the dispersion, even the organic stabilizer contained in the high-temperature lubricant may be sufficient. However, it is also possible to control the viscosity by means of a thickener or a mixture of thickeners. From the range of suitable thickeners are z. As water-soluble polysaccharides, alkylcelluloses, 'olyvinylalkohole, polyarylates, polyvinylpyrrolidone, optionally minerals, such as clays.

/Vie erwähnt, wird der Hochtemperaturschmierstoff in der Regel in Form einer wäßrigen Dispersion angewendet. Die wäßrige Dispersion kann auf das Werkzeug und/oder das zu bearbeitende Werkstück, die Temperaturen von 100 bis über 9000C aufweisen tonnen, aufgetragen werden. Bei der Berührung der heißen Oberflächen verdampft das Wasser und es bildet sich ein Film gleichmäßiger Schichtdicke aus./ As mentioned, the high-temperature lubricant is usually applied in the form of an aqueous dispersion. The aqueous dispersion can have on the tool and / or the workpiece to be machined, the temperatures of 100 to 900 0 C barrel, can be applied. Upon contact with the hot surfaces, the water evaporates and forms a film of uniform thickness.

Erweist sich der Einsatz einer Dispersion als nicht zweckmäßig, so kann d;ir Hochtemperaturschmierstoff auch in pulverisierter :orm eingesetzt werden. Dabei wird beispielsweise das Werkzeug und/oder das Werkstück eingepudert oder durch den Schmierstoff gerollt oder gezogen.The use of a dispersion is found to be not appropriate, it is possible d; ir high-temperature lubricant in powdered: orm be used. In this case, for example, the tool and / or the workpiece is powdered or rolled or pulled by the lubricant.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Schmierstoffe eignen sich besonders für die Anwendung bei Temperaturen um 6000C und darüber. Die lohe Temperaturstabilität der Schmierstoffe und insbesondere die Stabilität des Schmierfilmes wurde im wesentlichen durch ien hohen Anteil an anorganischem Zusatz erreicht.The lubricants of the invention are particularly suitable for use at temperatures around 600 0 C and above. The loo temperature stability of the lubricants and in particular the stability of the lubricating film was achieved essentially by ien high proportion of inorganic additive.

Der erfindungsgemäße Hochtemperaturschmierstoff eignet sich deshalb beispielsweise für die Schmierung von Werkzeug, z. B.The high-temperature lubricant according to the invention is therefore suitable for example for the lubrication of tools, eg. B.

Dorn, Dornstange oder Matrize, und Werkstücke, beispielsweise Luppe oder Rohr, bei der Warmverformung in sogenannten ,multiple pipe mills", also Mehrfachgerüste (6 bis 8 Gerüste), Konti-Straßen, Pilgerschrittwalzwerken, sogenannten \sselstraßen, bei denen es sich um Gerüste handelt, bei welchen drei Zylinder mit jeweils um 120 Grad versetzte Achsen über iie Luppe rollen, die sich dem Dorn um die eigene Achse dreht, Stoßbankanlagen, Stangenpressen oder Austauchpressen.Mandrel, mandrel or die, and workpieces, such as billet or pipe, in the hot deformation in so-called "multiple pipe mills", ie multiple scaffolding (6 to 8 scaffolding), Konti-roads, pilgrim rolling mills, so-called streets, which are scaffolding in which three cylinders, each with axes offset by 120 degrees, roll over the idler, which rotates around the mandrel on its own axis, bumpers, bar presses or press-out presses.

Ausführungsbeispieleembodiments Beispiel 1example 1

Ein Hochtemperaturschmiermittel wurde hergestellt aus 70Gew.-% Wasser und 30Gew.-% schmieraktiven Bestandteilen, bestehend aus.A high-temperature lubricant was prepared from 70% by weight of water and 30% by weight of lubricating components consisting of.

54Gew.-% kristallinem Graphit mit 96%iger Reinheit, 11 Gew.-% unlöslichem Natriumetaphosphat (Madrell'sches Salz), 5Gew.-%Borax, 10Gew.-% Natriumsilikat (Wasserglas mit einem Molverhältnis SiO2/Na2O = 3,3), 18Gew.-% Polyethylen in Pulverform (mit einem Schmelzindex von 70g/10 Min. (nach ASTM D 1238-73T), 2 Gew.-% Alkylcellulose.54% by weight of crystalline graphite with 96% purity, 11% by weight of insoluble sodium metaphosphate (Madrell's salt), 5% by weight of borax, 10% by weight of sodium silicate (water glass having a molar ratio of SiO 2 / Na 2 O = 3.3) , 18% by weight of polyethylene in powder form (with a melt index of 70 g / 10 min. (According to ASTM D 1238-73T), 2% by weight of alkylcellulose.

Das Hochtemperaturschmiermittel wies eine Viskosität von 1900Cps, gemessen bei 2O0C nach Epprecht mit einem Rheomat der Contraves, auf. Die vorliegende Formulation zeigte die günstigsten Eigenschaften bei relativ niedrigen Anwendungstemperaturen von 20 bis 25O0C in Kontistraßen oder Pilgerstraßen.The high-temperature lubricant had a viscosity of 1900 Cps, measured at 2O 0 C after Epprecht with a Rheomat Contraves on. The present formulation showed the most favorable properties at relatively low application temperatures of 20 to 25O 0 C in Kontistraßen or pilgrimage roads.

Die genannte Formulation wurde mittels einer Sprühvorrichtung auf Werkzeuge (z. B. Dorne) gesprüht. Der Reibungskoeffizient war 0,037.The said formulation was sprayed onto tools (eg mandrels) by means of a spray device. The friction coefficient was 0.037.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Ein Hochtemperaturschmiermittel wurde als 70Gew.-% wäßrige Dispersion" hergestellt. Die schmieraktiven Bestandteile entsprachen der Formulation nach Beispiel 1, jedoch wurden anstelle des Borax 5 Gew.-% Zinkborat eingesetzt.A high-temperature lubricant was prepared as a 70% by weight aqueous dispersion. The lubricating components corresponded to the formulation of Example 1, but 5% by weight zinc borate was used instead of the borax.

Das Hochtemperaturschmiermittel wies bei 200C eine Viskosität von 2600Cps auf.The high-temperature lubricant had a viscosity of 2600Cps at 20 0 C.

Angewendet in Kontistraße oder Pilgerstraßen führte das Schmiermittel zu einer Verbesserung bezüglich Wasserbeständigkeit der aufgetragenen Schicht sowie einer besseren Haftung, bei Einsatztemperaturen von 20 bis 2500C. Der ReibungskoeffizientWhen used in Kontistraße or Pilgerstrassen, the lubricant resulted in an improvement in the water resistance of the applied layer as well as a better adhesion at use temperatures of 20 to 250 ° C. The friction coefficient

Beispiel 3Example 3

Für Anwendungstemperaturen von 400 bis 9000C wurde ein Hochtemperaturschmiermittel als 70 Gew.-% wäßrige Dispersion zubereitet, dessen schmieraktive Bestandteile aus 62Gew.-% kristallinem Graphit, 16Gew.-% Natriummetaphosphat (Madrell'sches Salz), 10Gew.-% Borax 10Gew.-% Natriumsilikat und 2 Gew.-% Alkylcellulose bestanden und das bei 200C eine Viskosität von 1600Cps aufwies.For application temperatures of 400 to 900 0 C, a high temperature lubricant than 70 wt .-% aqueous dispersion was prepared whose active lubricating components from 62Gew .-% crystalline graphite, 16Gew .-% sodium metaphosphate (Madrell salt), 10 wt .-% Borax 10wt .-% sodium silicate and 2 wt .-% alkylcellulose passed and had a viscosity of 1600Cps at 20 0 C.

Bei Werkzeugtemperaturen von 400 bis 9000C wurde das Schmiermittel auf das Werkzeug gesprüht, unter Ausbildung eines gleichmäßigen Schmiermittelfilms. Im Verlauf der Bearbeitung des Werkstückes konnte ein gleichmäßiger Verlauf der Stromaufnahme der Walzgerüste beobachtet werden, was auf ein günstiges Reibungsverhalten schließen läßt. Der Reibungskoeffizient war 0,043.At tool temperatures of 400 to 900 ° C, the lubricant was sprayed onto the tool to form a uniform lubricant film. During the processing of the workpiece, a uniform course of the current consumption of the rolling stands could be observed, which suggests a favorable friction behavior. The friction coefficient was 0.043.

Beispiel 4Example 4

Die Formulation nach Beispiel 3 wurde wiederholt, jedoch wurde der Borax durch die selbe Menge Zinkborat ersetzt. Viskosität bei 2O0C = 2100Cps.The formulation according to Example 3 was repeated, but the borax was replaced by the same amount of zinc borate. Viscosity at 2O 0 C = 2100Cps.

Es ergab sich nochmals eine Verbesserung bezüglich der Haftung auf dem Werkzeug. __There was once again an improvement in the adhesion to the tool. __

Der Reibungskoeffizient war 0,030.The friction coefficient was 0.030.

Claims (14)

Patentansprüche:claims: 1. Hochtemperaturschmierstoff für die spanlose Heißumformung von Metallen, enthaltend einen Festschmierstoff und ein in der Wärme rückstandfrei sich zersetzendes organisches Produkt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schmierstoff weiter einen anorganischen Zusatz in Form einer Mischung aus einem schwer- oder unlöslichen Polyphosphat, einer Borverbindung und einem Alkalisilikat und ein organisches Stabilisierungsmittel enthält.1. High-temperature lubricant for chipless hot forming of metals, containing a solid lubricant and a residue in the heat decomposing organic product, characterized in that the lubricant further comprises an inorganic additive in the form of a mixture of a difficult or insoluble polyphosphate, a boron compound and a Alkali silicate and an organic stabilizer. 2. Hochtemperaturschmierstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der anorganische Zusatz in Form einer Mischung aus 0,2 bis 25Gew.-% Borverbindung, 0,2 bis 98,8Gew.-% Polyphosphat und 1 bis 99,6Gew.-% Alkalisilikat besteht.2. High-temperature lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that the inorganic additive in the form of a mixture of 0.2 to 25 wt .-% boron compound, 0.2 to 98.8Gew .-% polyphosphate and 1 to 99.6Gew .-% alkali metal silicate consists. 3. Hochtemperaturschmierstoff nach Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Polyphosphat in unlöslicher oder schwerlöslicher Form angewendet werden.3. High-temperature lubricant according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that polyphosphate are used in insoluble or sparingly soluble form. 4. Hochtemperaturschmierstoff nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Polyphosphate Madrell'sche Salze oder Kurrol'sche Salze angewendet werden.4. High-temperature lubricant according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that are used as polyphosphates Madrell's salts or Kurrol's salts. 5. Hochtemperaturschmierstoff nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Borverbindung in schwerlöslicher Form angewendet wird.5. High-temperature lubricant according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the boron compound is applied in sparingly soluble form. 6. Hochtemperaturschmierstoff nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Borverbindung Borax, Borsäure, B2O3, KB5O8 · 4H2O oder Zinkborat, allein oder im Gemisch, angewendet wird.6. High-temperature lubricant according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that is used as the boron compound borax, boric acid, B 2 O 3 , KB 5 O 8 · 4H 2 O or zinc borate, alone or in admixture. 7. Hochtemperaturschmierstoff nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Alkalisilikat ein Natronwasserglas oder Kaliwasserglas mit einem SiO2-Gehalt zwischen 21 und 47%, angewendet wird.7. High-temperature lubricant according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a soda water glass or potassium silicate with an SiO 2 content of between 21 and 47% is used as the alkali silicate. 8. Hochtemperaturschmierstoff nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als organische Stabilisierungsmittel Polyvinylacetat, Polyvinylalkohol, Polysaccharide, Polyvinyl butyrate. Polyvinylbutyral, Polyacrylate, Polystyrole, Cellulosen, allein oder im Gemisch untereinander, angewendet werden.8. High-temperature lubricant according to Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polysaccharides, polyvinyl butyrate as the organic stabilizer. Polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylates, polystyrenes, celluloses, alone or mixed with each other. 9. Hochtemperaturschmierstoff nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Cellulosen vorzugsweise Alkylcellulosen angewendet werden.9. High-temperature lubricant according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that are preferably used as celluloses alkylcelluloses. 10. Hochtemperaturschmierstoff nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schmierstoff 1 bis 90Gew.-% des rückstandsfrei sich zersetzenden organischen Produktes, 1 bis 80 Gew.-% des anorganischen Zusatzes und 0,2 bis 80 Gew.-% eines organischen Stabilisierungsmittels enthält.10. High-temperature lubricant according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the lubricant 1 to 90Gew .-% of the residue-free decomposing organic product, 1 to 80 wt .-% of the inorganic additive and 0.2 to 80 wt .-% of an organic Stabilizing agent contains. 11. Hochtemperaturschmierstoff nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schmierstoff als 5 bis 50Gew.-% wäßrige Dispersion vorliegt.11. High-temperature lubricant according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the lubricant is present as 5 to 50 wt .-% aqueous dispersion. 12. Hochtemperaturschmierstoff nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schmierstoff als wäßrige Dispersion mit einer Viskosität von 500 bis 15000cp bei 10 bis 3O0C vorliegt.12. High-temperature lubricant according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the lubricant is present as an aqueous dispersion having a viscosity of 500 to 15000cp at 10 to 3O 0 C. 13. Hochtemperaturschmierstoff nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schmierstoff zur Anwendung bei Temperaturen bis 3500C maximal 50 Gew.-%, und sich linear für Temperaturen von 6000C und darüber auf maximal 5 Gew.-% verringernd, ein rückstandsfrei sich zersetzendes organisches Produkt, enthält.13. High-temperature lubricant according to Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the lubricant for use at temperatures up to 350 0 C, a maximum of 50 wt .-%, and linearly for temperatures of 600 0 C and above to a maximum of 5 wt .-% reducing, a residue-free decomposing organic product containing. 14. Verwendung des Hochtemperaturschmierstoffes nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 13, zum Schmieren von Dornstangen bei der Herstellung nahtloser Rohre und bei Verarbeitungstemperaturen von 400 bis 1100°C.14. Use of the high temperature lubricant according to claims 1 to 13, for lubricating mandrel bars in the manufacture of seamless tubes and at processing temperatures of 400 to 1100 ° C.
DD85276675A 1984-05-30 1985-05-24 HIGH-TEMPERATURE LUBRICANT FOR THE SPANLESS HOT FORMING OF METALS DD233379A5 (en)

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