CZ284027B6 - Absorpční výrobek s pružným absorpčním uspořádáním - Google Patents
Absorpční výrobek s pružným absorpčním uspořádáním Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CZ284027B6 CZ284027B6 CZ95170A CZ17095A CZ284027B6 CZ 284027 B6 CZ284027 B6 CZ 284027B6 CZ 95170 A CZ95170 A CZ 95170A CZ 17095 A CZ17095 A CZ 17095A CZ 284027 B6 CZ284027 B6 CZ 284027B6
- Authority
- CZ
- Czechia
- Prior art keywords
- absorbent
- component
- absorbent article
- nonwoven
- extensible
- Prior art date
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F13/49058—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers characterised by the modular concept of constructing the diaper
- A61F2013/49063—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers characterised by the modular concept of constructing the diaper the diaper having decoupled components
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
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- A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
- A61F2013/49068—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers characterized by the shape of the outline
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F13/505—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with separable parts, e.g. combination of disposable and reusable parts
- A61F2013/5055—Possibility of doubling or putting in new pieces
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- A61F2013/51059—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers being sprayed with chemicals
- A61F2013/51061—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers being sprayed with chemicals for rendering the surface hydrophobic
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F2013/51472—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its properties for reducing noise
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61F2013/51486—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its structure with specially shaped backsheets
- A61F2013/51488—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its structure with specially shaped backsheets for napkins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
- A61F2013/530036—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp being made in chemically-modified cellulosic material, e.g. Rayon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
- A61F2013/530058—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres
- A61F2013/530094—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres with mechanical pulp
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
- A61F2013/530058—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres
- A61F2013/530094—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres with mechanical pulp
- A61F2013/530102—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres with mechanical pulp with thermomechanical pulp
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
- A61F2013/530058—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres
- A61F2013/530094—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres with mechanical pulp
- A61F2013/530109—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp with specific method of producing wood pulp fibres with mechanical pulp with chemithermomechanical pulp
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530138—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp characterized by the fibre length
- A61F2013/530145—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp characterized by the fibre length being short
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530138—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp characterized by the fibre length
- A61F2013/530153—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp characterized by the fibre length being long
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/53016—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp having special shape
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/53016—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp having special shape
- A61F2013/530167—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp having special shape being crimped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530226—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp with polymeric fibres
- A61F2013/530255—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp with polymeric fibres being hydrophobic fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530226—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp with polymeric fibres
- A61F2013/530299—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp with polymeric fibres being hydrophilic fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530343—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres
- A61F2013/53035—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres of cotton
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530343—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres
- A61F2013/530357—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres of wool
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530131—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp
- A61F2013/530343—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres
- A61F2013/530372—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made in fibre but being not pulp being natural fibres of ramie or jute or linen
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530489—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being randomly mixed in with other material
- A61F2013/530496—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being randomly mixed in with other material being fixed to fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/53051—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being only in particular parts or specially arranged
- A61F2013/530547—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being only in particular parts or specially arranged positioned in a separate layer or layers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/53051—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being only in particular parts or specially arranged
- A61F2013/530547—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being only in particular parts or specially arranged positioned in a separate layer or layers
- A61F2013/530554—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials being only in particular parts or specially arranged positioned in a separate layer or layers and being fixed to a web
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530569—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the particle size
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530583—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the form
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530481—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials
- A61F2013/530583—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the form
- A61F2013/530613—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having superabsorbent materials, i.e. highly absorbent polymer gel materials characterized by the form in fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530802—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the foam or sponge other than superabsorbent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
- A61F2013/530868—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the liquid distribution or transport means other than wicking layer
- A61F2013/530927—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the liquid distribution or transport means other than wicking layer having longitudinal barriers
- A61F2013/530934—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterized by the liquid distribution or transport means other than wicking layer having longitudinal barriers having a density gradient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
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Abstract
Pružná absorpční struktura se dá použít u absorpčních výrobků, jakými mohou být např. dětské plenky, zdravotní vložky, plenkové kalhotky a hygienické vložky (pro osoby trpící inkontinencí). Obsahuje pružnou vrstvu přepážky (40) nepropouštějící kapalinu a absorpční netkaný prvek (43), který je k vrstvě přepážky (40) přilepen, a to tehdy, když je vrstrva přpážky (40) roztažena do polohy, která se alespoň blíží k maximální poloze roztažení. Vysoce absorpční materiál (41) vytvářející hydrogel je umístěn na a uvnitř netkaného prvku (43)ŕ
Description
Roztažitelný absorpční výrobek
Oblast techniky
Vynález se týká absorpčních výrobků, jakými jsou dětské plenky, zdravotní vložky, kalhotové vložky a polštářky, zejména pak se týká lehkých, nákladově vhodných, pružných, vysoce absorpčních materiál, které obsahují absorpční struktury vhodné pro absorpční výrobky, jakými mohou být například zdravotní vložky a lehké hygienické výrobky, poskytující částice vysoce absorpčního materiálu se zlepšenou jímavostí.
Dosavadní stav techniky
Absorpční výrobky jako například zdravotní vložky, kalhotové pleny a jiné hygienické výrobky jsou výrobky, které se obvy kle nosí v rozkroku pod spodním prádlem. Tyto výrobky jsou určeny k zachycování a udržení tekutin a jiných výměšků lidského těla a dále k tomu, aby udržely tělo i prádlo suché. Je obvyklé, že takové výrobky jsou vyrobeny z materiálu, který' není pružný, tj. že materiál a tím i výrobek se nenatáhne vlivem síly, která na materiál při nošení působí.
Z patentu US 4 891 258 a analogického EP 321 980 je znám složený pružný absorpční materiál, obsahující nejméně čtyři vrstvy. Vrstvu propouštějící kapalinu, nepropustnou vrstvu, absorpční vrstvu a pružnou vrstvu. Pružná vrstva může obsahovat nepropustný elastomerický film, který má otvory a je umístěn mezi propustnou vrstvou a absorpční vrstvou. Pružná vrstva je pružně spojena s ostatními vrstvami a po uvolnění pružné vrstvy se na propustné, nepropustné a absorpční vrstvě vytvoří řada zvrásnění. V patentu nejsou ale uvedeny výrobky, pro které by tento složený absorpční materiál byl použitelný.
Absorpční složený materiál podle tohoto patentu vykazuje řadu nedostatků, jako použití zvláštní pružné vrstvy pro dosažení pružnosti uvedeného absorpčního složeného materiálu, avšak nemající vliv na absorpční schopnost zadržovat tekutiny a přinášející další výrobní náklady. Jelikož je pružná vrstva zhotovena z nepropustného materiálu a je umístěna mezi propustnou vrstvu a absorpční vrstvu, představuje nevhodnou strukturu nepříznivě ovlivňující přenos tekutiny do absorpční vrstvy. V patentu US 4655760 a US 4781966 je popsána kompozice elastické struktury, která je složena z elastické a alespoň jedné neelastické vrstvy. Tato struktura je vytvořena jako elastický závěr mající zlepšené vlastnosti, obsahující elastikovou část se záhyby ve střední části jak je uvedeno v US 4655760 nebo elastický laminát se záhyby po obou stranách elastického členu.
Značné úsilí bylo věnováno vytvoření absorpčního výrobku, například zdravotní vložky, hygienické vložky, kalhotové pleny a podobných výrobků, které by byly celkově roztažitelné. Absorpční výrobky, které jsou částečně nebo zcela vyrobeny z roztažitelných prvků majících značný stupeň roztažitelností (řádově 10 až 40%) jsou popsány v PCT Publication No. WO 93/01785 a WO 93/01786.
Uvedené známé absorpční výrobky fungují celkově uspokojivě, avšak některé aspekty, jako například určité materiály a výrobní operace, zvýšená absorpční schopnost, mohou být dále zlepšeny. Je žádoucí poskytnout absorpční struktury, které by plnily stejnou úlohu jako známé absorpční výrobky, ale které by měly menší počet vrstev a jednodušší konstrukci a tím by byly výrobně méně nákladné. Takové pružné absorpční výrobky, například zdravotní vložky, které by byly celkově pružné (roztažitelné), zejména výrobky s menším počtem vrstev a konstrukčně jednodušší, výrobně méně nákladné.
Cílem vynálezu je tedy poskytnout absorpční výrobek, například zdravotní vložku, který má celkovou pružnost a roztažitelnost řádově 10 až 40 %.
Dalším cílem vynálezu je poskytnout absorpční výrobek, například zdravotní vložku, který by měl menší počet vrstev a jednodušší konstrukci než známé výrobky.
Dalším cílem vynálezu je poskytnout absorpční výrobek z vysoce absorpčního materiálu, který obsahuje vysoce absorpční částice, které mají zlepšenou jímavost.
Podstata vynálezu
Vynález poskytuje pružné absorpční uspořádání pro absorpční výrobek, jakými mohou být například dětské pleny, zdravotní vložky, kalhotové plenky, hygienické vložky a podobně.
Roztažitelný absorpční výrobek, obsahuje roztažitelnou tekutiny propouštějící horní vrstvu a roztažitelnou absorpční strukturu, spojeno s horní vrstvou a jeho podstata spočívá v tom, že roztažitelná absorpční struktura obsahuje pružnou tekutiny nepropouštějící komponentu roztažitelnou mezi klidovou a roztaženou polohou a netkanou komponentu, upravenou mezi pružnou komponentou a horní vrstvou a upevněnou k pružné komponentě v alespoň částečně roztažené poloze pružné komponenty pro vytvoření zvrásnění netkané komponenty při uvolnění poloze pružné komponenty, přičemž pružná komponenta tvoří barieru absorpčního výrobku.
Roztažitelná absorpční struktura může být elasticky roztažitelná a obsahovat elasticky roztažitelnou tekutiny nepropouštějící komponentu.
Roztažitelnost absorpčního výrobku je výhodně v rozmezí 5 až 50 % při působení síly mezi 0.05 až 1,5 N.
Netkaná komponenta může ve výhodném provedení obsahovat syntetická vlákna nebo přírodní vlákna.
Absorpční výrobek výhodně obsahuje superabsorpční, hydrogel vytvářející materiál, upravený na netkané komponentě nebo umístěný v netkané komponentě či složený z části nebo vláken.
Superabsorpční materiál může tvořit část netkané komponenty, může byt k této komponentě připevněn mokrou vazbou nebo lepidlem.
Absorpční výrobek může dále obsahovat vysoce absorpční vrstvu umístěnou mezi horní vrstvou a netkanou komponentou.
Pružné absorpční uspořádání podle vynálezu poskytuje jednoduchou, nákladově výhodnou, pružnou, vysoce absorpční strukturu pro absorpční výrobky jako zdravotní vložky a lehké hygienické výrobky, které mají vysoce absorpční částice se zlepšenou jímavostí tekutin.
Přehled obrázků na výkresech
Na připojených výkresech znázorňuje obr. 1 půdorys pružné absorpční struktury podle vynálezu v provedení zdravotní vložky, mající horní vrstvu odstřiženou za účelem odkrytí pod ní ležících vrstev, obr. 2 znázorňuje příčný řez vložkou z obr. 1 podle čáry 2-2. obr. 3 znázorňuje perspektivní pohled na absorpční strukturu podle vynálezu, obr. 4 v půdoryse znázorňuje roztažitelnost vložky a obr. 5 je tabulka vztahu mezi velikostí napínacích sil působících na vložku a velikosti protažení způsobeným těmito silami.
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Příklady provedení vynálezu
Na obr. 1 a 2 je znázorněno jedno z vhodných provedení absorpčního výrobku podle vynálezu.
Absorpční strukturou je. jak patrno z obr. 1 a 2, roztažitelný pružný třírozměrný vysoce absorpční materiál, použitelný ve zdravotní vložce. Termín „zdravotní vložka“ znamená výrobek nošený ženami ve stydké oblasti, který má absorbovat a udržet tělní výměšky jako krev, menstruační výměšky, moč a pod.
Absorpční pružná struktura podle vynálezu může být použita i pro jiné ženské hygienické výrobky, jakými jsou například menstruační vložky, pro plenkové kalhotky a jiné absorpční výrobky jako jsou dětské plenky, hygienické vložky a podobné.
Zdravotní vložka 20 má dva povrchy, vrstvu 20A, která propouští lidské výměšky, nebo-li „povrch obrácený k tělu“ a nepropustnou vrstvu 20B. obrácenou ke spodnímu prádlu.
Zdravotní vložka 20 znázorněná na obr. 1 je pohledem ze strany obrácené k tělu. Vrstva 20A je určena k nošení směrem k tělu uživatele. Vrstva 20B zdravotní vložky 20 je umístěna na opačné straně a je určena k nošení směrem k prádlu uživatele.
Zdravotní vložka 20 má dvě středové čáry, podélnou čáru L a příčnou čáru T. Název ..podélná“ je zde použit ve spojení s čárou, osou nebo směrem v rovině zdravotní vložky 20, která je-li nošena, je všeobecně spojená (tj. přibližně rovnoběžná) s vertikální rovinou, která dělí tělo stojícího uživatele na pravou a levou polovinu. Název „příčná se tyká čáry, osy nebo směru v rovině vložky 20, která je kolmá k podélnému směru. Obr. 1 ukazuje, že zdravotní vložka 20 má dva podélné prostorově od sebe oddělené, okraje 22 a dva prostorově od sebe oddělené příčné nebo koncové okraje 24, které společně tvoří obvod 26 zdravotní vložky 20.
Zdravotní vložka 20 může mít jakoukoliv tloušťku, může být relativně tlustá, relativně tenká, a velmi tenká. Provedení zdravotní vložky 20 na obr. 1 je myšleno jako vzorek relativně tenké vložky, lépe řečeno velmi tenké zdravotní vložky. Ze zobrazení této vložky 20 by mělo být zřejmé, že při pohledu na počet vrstev materiálu se zdá být vložka 20 mnohem tlustší než ve skutečnosti je. „Velmi tenká zdravotní vložka 20 má tloušťku menší než 3 mm. Zobrazená tenká vložka 20 by měla byt relativně pružná tak, aby byla pro uživatele pohodlná. Vzorky velmi tenkých vložek jsou popsány v US patentech 4 950 264 a 5 009 653.
Na obr. 2 jsou znázorněny jednotlivé prvky zdravotní vložky 20 podle tohoto vynálezu. Zdravotní vložka 20 znázorněná na obr. 2 zahrnuje horní nepropustnou vrstvu 38, absorpční strukturu 42, která je umístěna pod horní vrstvou 38. a vysoce absorpční materiál vrstvy 46. která je umístěna mezi horní vrstvou 38 a absorpční strukturou 42. Horní vrstva 38 a vrstva 46 z vysoce absorpčního materiálu mohou být vybrány z prvků popsaných v PCT Publication Nos. 93/01785 a 93/01786. Zdravotní vložka 20 tak může obsahovat více pružných prvků jako doplněk k absorpční struktuře 42, nebo ještě lépe, může obsahovat všechny pružné prvky, a tím dosáhnout úplné roztažitelnosti.
Pružnost (roztažitelnost) zdravotní vložky 20 je znázorněna na zjednodušeném obr. 4. Výraz „roztažitelný“ se týká výrobků, schopných zvýšit alespoň jeden ze svých rozměrů, rovněž v rovině x - y. Rovina x - v je rovina obecně rovnoběžná s čelními plochami zdravotní vložky 20. Výraz „roztažitelný“ zahrnuje výrobky, které jsou roztažitelné a pružně roztažitelné (bude níže definováno). Zdravotní vložka 20 na obr. 4 je roztažitelná jak na délku, tak na šířku. Zdravotní vložka 20 v tomto provedení však může být roztažitelná pouze v jednom z těchto směrů. Je výhodné, je-li vložka 20 roztažitelná v podélném směru. Zdravotní vložka 20 v žádaném provedení musí, kromě toho, že se dá roztáhnout, být rovněž pružná. Výraz ..pružná“ zde znamená že výrobky, které jsou roztažitelné působí-li na ně napínací síly, vykazují určitý odpor
- J CZ 284027 B6 vůči těmto silám. Výrazy, které jsou zde použity znamenají, že přestane-li působit napínací síla, má vložka 20 schopnost se vrátit do své neroztažené nebo nenapružené polohy (nebo původní polohy). Zdravotní vložka 20 se však nemusí zcela vrátit do původní polohy. Může se vrátit, jak je znázorněno na obr. 4, do tzv. klidové polohy (rozměry LR a WR), která leží mezi původní 5 polohou a polohou při roztažení (Ls a Ws). Tím, že se vytvoří pružná, roztažitelná zdravotní vložka 20, zmenší se nežádoucí tendence vložky 20 k podélnému smršťování směrem dovnitř, jestliže jsou síly, které vložku 20 napínají, uvolněny. Platí to v případě, kdy se uživatelovy kalhotky smršťují.
Zdravotní vložka 20 a absorpční struktura 42 jsou vyrobeny bez toho, že by se přidávala oddělená, pružná vlákna ke zdravotní vložce 20, nebo k absorpční struktuře 42. jsou-li v natažené poloze. Dá se říct, že zdravotní vložka 20 a absorpční struktura 42 jsou v nenapruženém stavu. Samozřejmě se nevylučuje použití opticky elastických vláken jak u vložky 20, tak i u absorpční struktury 42.
Zdravotní vložka 20 je roztažitelná v rozmezí popsaném v PTC Publication No. WO 93/01785 a WO 93/01786. Shrnuto, zdravotní složka 20 je schopna roztažení od 5 % do méně než 50%. přednostně mezi 10 % až 40 %, a nejlépe mezi 25 % a 40 % za působení sil, které vznikají při nošení zdravotních vložek v páru kalhotek. Zdravotní vložka je schopna snést takové natažení za 20 působení sily o velikosti mezi 0,05 a 0,1 N a 1,0 - 1,5 N, lépe mezi 0,25 a 0,80 N. Absorpční struktura 42 může být stejně roztažitelná při působení stejných sil. Tabulka na obr. 5 stanovuje některá další rozmezí sil pro roztažitelnost některých absorpčních výrobků. Mělo by být zřejmé, že všechny zde uvedené hodnoty a rozsahy zahrnují všechny užší rozsahy, limity a hodnoty, které jsou součástí stanovených limitů a rozsahů. Jak je zřejmé z obr. 5, zdravotní vložka 20 může mít 25 tzv. „stěnu proti síle“ (mez roztažitelnosti), která má zabránit roztažení vložky za určitou hranici, bez podstatného zvýšení síly působící na zdravotní vložku 20.
Jednotlivé prvky zdravotní vložky 20, podle tohoto vynálezu, budou podrobněji popsány z obvoláním na obr. 1-3.
Absorpční struktura 42 tohoto vynálezu je znázorněna na obr. 1 a 2 jako vrstva, která je umístěna pod homí vrstvou 38. Absorpční struktura 42 je pružně roztažitelná (lze ji zkráceně nazývat pružná absorpční struktura). Pružná absorpční struktura 42 má za úkol zachycovat menstruační výměšky a jiné tělesné tekutiny, a jako spodní vrstva zabránit výměškům, které byly absorbovány 35 z vlhkých částic, dostat se do styku s prádlem uživatele.
Pružná absorpční struktura 42 je trojrozměrná struktura s absorpčním povrchem s vyvýšeninami a prohlubněmi. U provedení, znázorněného a obr. 1-3, má pružná absorpční struktura 42 absorpční prvek, např. netkanou komponentu 43, která je přilaminována k pružnému 40 nepropustnému prvku, tzv. přepážce ve formě pružné komponenty 40. Tato přepážka poskytuje absorpční struktuře 42 její pružnost (a působí jako bariéra proti tekutinám). Netkaná strana pružné absorpční struktury 42 je pokryta propustnou homí vrstvou 38. U jiného provedení, jak je tomu u zdravotní vložky 20 na obr. 1 a 2, je pružná absorpční struktura 42 pokrytá homí vrstvou, vysoce absorpční vrstvou schopnou udržet tekutiny, a potom homí vrstvou 38.
Absorpční struktura 42 je vytvořena tak, že se na pružnou komponentu 40 přilaminuje netkaná komponenta 43, a to tehdy, je-li absorpční struktura 42 v natažené poloze. Pružná komponenta 40 je potom uvolněna. Laminátová struktura má vysoce absorpční částice z materiálu 41 tvořícího hydrogel, nebo vlákna umístěná na nebo v rámci netkaného prvku laminátu. Je-li 50 absorpční struktura 42, jak lze vidět na obrázku 3, v nenatažené poloze, má povrch absorpční struktury 42 podobu tkaniny, a je charakterizován množstvím zvrásnění 66.
Netkaná komponenta 43 absorpční struktury 42 může zahrnovat různé typa netkaného materiálu. Vhodné netkané materiály zahrnují, ale nejsou omezeny pouze na, mykané materiály, spřádané
-4 CZ 284027 B6 materiály, materiály vyrobené kladením vláken za vlhka, materiály vyráběné foukáním taveniny, materiály vyráběné na tryskových stavech, a materiály vyráběné kombinací těchto metod a pod. Netkané materiály mohou obsahovat vlákna vyrobená z přírodních vláken nebo syntetických vláken. Vhodná přírodní vlákna obsahují celulózová a bavlněná vlákna. Vhodná syntetická vlákna obsahují materiály z polyolefinů, jako např. z polyesteru, polypropylenu a dvojkomponentních vláken. Vlákna obsahující netkaný materiál mají deniér (váhová jednotka pro přízi) v rozmezí okolo 1 až 30. Vlákno obsahující netkaný materiál může být zjednoho nebo smíšeného materiálu. Netkaný materiál má tloušťku přibližně 0,07 mm a 0,30 mm a měrnou hmotnost kolem 9 g/m a 25 g/m.
Vlákna z netkaného materiálu a samotný materiál může mít povrch opatřený impregnací látkou, která může být hydrofilní nebo hydrofobní. Netkaný materiál se stane hydrofilním po ozáření koronovým výbojem, vpravením povrchově aktivních látek do vláken, nastříkáním těchto látek na vlákna netkaného materiálu, nebo jinými známými metodami. Vhodnou povrchově aktivní látkou je Pegosperse 200 ML, od fy. Lonza, Inc., Williamsport, Pa.
V množství netkaného materiálu, které bylo popsáno, lze použít materiál, který může obsahovat vlákna s kapilárními kanálky (tj. vlákna, která mají vnitřní kapilární kanálky zvláště na vnějším povrchu). Vlákna s kapilárními kanálky se používají tam, kde pomáhají dopravě kapalin (obecně, nebo určitým směrem). Vhodná vlákna s kapilárními kanálky jsou popsána v US patentu 5 200 248.
V jiných případech, kdy netkaná komponenta 43 se skládá ze syntetických vláken, může se do netkaného materiálu přidat malé množství přírodních vláken, včetně celulózových vláken jako např. kraftové vlákno z měkkého dřeva, nebo bavlněné vlákno, které se může přidat do netkaného materiálu jako podpora pro absorpci a dopravu kapalin.
Vysoce absorpční materiál 41 obsahuje polymerický gel vytvářející hydrogel, tento materiál se také nazývá „absorpční gelující materiál“. Polymemí gelující chemické látky jsou materiály, které po kontaktu s kapalinami, např. s vodou, nebo jinými tělními tekutinami, nabobtnají a vytvoří tím hydrogel. Tímto způsobem je kapalina vypuzená do pružné absorpční struktury 42 zadržena polymerickou gelující chemickou látkou, která tím vytváří prvky se zvýšenou absorpční schopností a/nebo zlepšenou schopností zadržet kapalinu. Polymemí gelující látka, která je přítomná v absorpční struktuře 42, obecně obsahuje částice materiálu 41 ve vodě nerozpustného, částečně neutralizovaného, polymemího, s lehkou příčnou vazbou a schopného vytvářet hydrogel. Polymemí gelující chemická látka používaná v tomto vy nálezu, může mít různý tvar včetně tvaru vloček, kuliček nebo vlákna.
Vysoce absorpční materiál 41. dejme tomu ve tvaru částic (v protikladu k vláknu) je připevněn k netkané komponentě 43. Může se to udělat několika způsoby před tím, nebo po tom, co je netkaný prvek připojen k přepážce ve formě filmu. Tyto různé způsoby připevnění vy soce absorpčních částic materiálu k netkanému materiálu zahrnují (ale nejsou tím omezeny), následující opatření.
Vysoce absorpční částice materiálu 41 mohou být připevněny k netkanému materiálu komponenty 43 pomocí vlka (tj. pomocí páry, vodní mlhy), nebo předvlhčením částic vysoce absorpčního materiálu 41 před tím. než je položen na netkaný materiál. Vysoce absorpční částice materiálu 41 se mohou připevnit k netkanému materiálu běžnými lepidly, včetně lepidla tavitelného teplem, lepidlem na bázi vody, a jinými lepidly běžnými v oboru. Lepidla se dají nanášet různými prostředky známými v oboru např. rozprašovači apod. Vysoce absorpční částice materiálu 41 se dají rovněž připevnit k netkanému materiálu pomocí chemikálie (netoxickou). jakou je např. glycerol nebo glycerin, nebo jiná chemikálie, která způsobí nabobtnání částic a tím učiní povrch lepkavým, což má za následek, že povrch přilne k netkanému materiálu komponenty 43.
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Použije-li se vysoce absorpční materiál 41 ve formě vlákna, je vláknitý, vysoce absorpční materiál 41 kombinován s ostatním vláknitým materiálem, použitým k vytvoření netkaného materiálu komponenty 43 a integrálně začleněného do netkaných prvků.
Okraje podélných stran 42C a koncové okraje 42D absorpční struktury 42 mohou být těsně uzavřeny, aby se zabránilo knotovému efektu a vypuzení kapaliny a vysoce absorpčního materiálu 41 obsahujícího kapalinu z plenky při nošení. Okraje absorpční struktury 42 mohou být např. zabaleny, nebo pokryty hedvábnou vrstvou. Okraje hedvábné vrstvy mohou být přehnuty a jinak upraveny, aby se zabránilo vypuzení kapaliny, nebo částic obsahujících kapalinu vysoce absorpčního materiálu 41 z absorpční struktury 42. U jiných alternativních provedení mohou být z tohoto důvodu podélné a koncové okraje 22 a 24 zdravotní vložky 20 těsně uzavřeny. Všechny tyto uzávěry se nesmí po celém obvodu vložky 20 během roztahování poškodit (znamená to, že utěsnění musí vydržet po celou dobu po kterou je vložka používána).
Pružná komponenta 40 je pro kapaliny nepropustná a tím chrání šatstvo uživatele před znečištěním tělesnými tekutinami. Překážka v podobě komponentu 40 může být vyrobena z různého roztažitelného materiálu, nejlépe pružného a roztažitelného, nepropustného materiálu.
Ve znázorněném provedení zahrnuje přepážka filmu a tvoří tak přepážku s filmem. Vhodné filmy jsou vyrobeny z pružného, pružného a roztažitelného filmu, jaký se vyrábí podle US patentu 4 476 180.
Výhodným filmem je pružný a přilnavý film Formula 198-338. Přilnavý film spol. Findley je nepropustný film, schopný se roztáhnout o 200 - 300 %. Dává se mu přednost, protože je pružný a roztažitelný.
Absorpční struktura 42 je zkompletována tak, že se částečně roztáhne přepážka s filmem a přepážka se přilaminuje k netkané komponentě 43. Přepážku s filmem je nejlépe roztáhnout na 150% její klidové délky (tj. l,5x). Přepážkám s filmem, tj. komponenta 40 a netkaná komponenta 43 se laminují jakýmkoliv vhodným způsobem, tak aby absorpční struktura 42 byla roztažitelná a měla třírozměrný povrch. Přepážka s filmem a netkaná část se laminuje nanesením adhesivního materiálu ve formě rovnoběžných housek orientovaných v podélném směru hotové absorpční struktury 42. Odstraní-li se z filmu napětí, přepážka se smrští a vytvoří množství příčných zvrásnění 66. To poskytne absorpční struktuře 42 roztažitelnost v podélném směru.
Absorpční struktuře 42 lze poskytnout roztažitelnost ve více směrech. Dá se toho dosáhnout jakýmkoliv vhodným způsobem. Například tím, že se současně při laminování přepážka natahuje více jak jedním směrem. U jiného provedení je použit mechanický způsob, a to válečkování a krepování absorpční struktury 42 po laminování. Rovněž lze netkaný materiál přilepit k přepážce takovým lepidlem, které umí vyvolat napětí ve více směrech. Tak se může například přepážka s filmem natáhnout a nanést lepidlo bodově nebo do kosočtverečného vzoru, a potom přiložit netkaný materiál, čímž se docílí napětí ve více směrech.
Absorpční struktura 42 podle tohoto vynálezu může mít různá provedení. Na obr. 3 je např. zobrazen netkaný materiál, který může být připojen k druhé straně komponenty 40. V jiném provedení jsou velikost natažení a vzorek naneseného lepidla proměnné a tim se mění velikost a tvar zvráštění (více natažení a větší mezera mezi lepenými spoji má za následek větší zvrásnění). U dalšího provedení může být netkaný materiál přehnutý do tvaru netkaného sendviče, a potom přilaminován k předem natažené přepážce.
Absorpční struktura 42 může rovněž mít oblasti s gradienty hustoty, kapilárními gradienty, vysoce absorpčními gradienty, oblasti s nízkou hustotou a nižším přírůstkem průměrné měrné hmotnosti a pod. Například oblasti s vysokou hustotou mohou být do absorpční struktury vloženy stlačením, a to z důvodu zvýšení jímavosti, udržení a dopravy kapaliny.
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Absorpční prvek absorpční struktury 42 není rovněž omezen na příslušný vysoce absorpční materiál 41 obsahující netkaný materiál, jak bylo dříve popsáno. Absorpční prvek může obsahovat jakýkoliv materiál, který se v oboru k tomuto účelu používá. Neomezující příklady zahrnují přírodní materiály jako např. rozmělněnou dřevěnou kaši, která je obecně známá jako vzdušná plst, krepovou celulózovou vatu, modifikované vlákno s křížovou vazbou (popsané v US patentu čís. 5 217 445, vlákna s kapilárními kanálky, absorpční pěny a houby, syntetická stříhaná vlákna, polymemí vlákna, rašeliník, ajiné ekvivalentní materiály a jejich kombinace.
U provedení, u kterého je použit pružný adhesivní film jako film přepážky, může být tento film použit sám o sobě při výrobě zdravotní vložky. Například jedna strana adhesivního filmu (strana označená 40A na obr. 3) může být přilepena k netkané komponentě 43. Druhá strana 40B, se stranou pružné komponenty 40 obrácenou ke spodnímu prádlu, může být použita jako adhesivní prostředek k upevnění kalhotek. Strana 40B adhesivního filmu, která je stranou obrácenou ke spodnímu prádlu, může mít adhesivní povrch alespoň částečně pokryt (blokován, aby se snížily adhesivní vlastnosti). Strana 40A filmu přepážky, obrácená k tělu může být rovněž úplně, nebo částečně blokována.
Adheze může být blokována různými vhodnými způsoby. Zahrnuje to, ale není to tímto omezeno, připojení vrstvy neadhezivního materiálu na adhesivní část a nanesením prášku, např. mastkového prášku nebo kukuřičného šrotu, na adhesivní místa. Částečná blokace adhesivního místa na straně 40B filmu přepážky obrácené ke spodnímu prádlu spolu s nekrytou adhesivní části, může být vy užita jako upínací část kalhotek.
U dalšího provedení může být adhesivní film vytvořen s jednou stranou, která má suchý zip, a jednu stranu bez suchého zipu. Vhodným adhezivním filmem s touto vlastností je složená struktura, obsahující netkaný elastomerický film s elastickou částí s nízkou citlivostí k modulu tlaku, jakým může být adhesivní film Formula #198-338, který je k dispozici s blokujícím filmem Formula H2301 od spol. Fidley Adhesives Company. Takové materiály jsou dále popsány (a použity pro jiné účely) v US patentu čís. 5 032 012 a v US patentu čís. 5 037 416.
Absorpční struktura 42 podle tohoto vynálezu poskytuje množství výhod. Snížení počtu vrstev a operací potřebných k vrstvení materiálu podstatně snižuje náklady na výrobu absorpční struktury, a umožňuje vyrábět absorpční výrobek 20 tenký a pružný.
Zvrásnění 66, spojené s netkaným materiálem, poskytují mnohem více vzduchoprázdných míst a velkých vzduchoprázdných míst, než homogenní pletivo nebo laminátové struktury. Vzduchoprázdná místa jsou užitečná ve chvíli, kdy vysoce absorpční části začínají nabobtnávat po absorbování kapaliny. Absorpční struktura 42 tím získává mnohem větší jímavost při stejném množství vysoce absorpčního materiálu 41 ve srovnání s laminátovými strukturami, které mají vysoce absorpční materiál 41 mezi vrstvami laminátu.
Zvrásnění 66 rovněž dovoluje větší koncentraci vysoce absorpčního materiálu 41 na dané ploše (na cm'). Vyšší koncentrace vysoce absorpčního materiálu 41 může být efektivně dodávána do kritických míst absorpčního výrobku 20, vzhledem k nepravidelnému směru distribuce vysoce absorpčního materiálu 41 do struktury 42 s velkým počtem vzduchoprázdných míst. Proces umístění vysoce absorpčního materiálu 41 na strukturu 42 se zvrásněním nebo na rovinnou strukturu, která se později zvrásní, vytvoří možnost distribuce vysoce absorpčního materiálu 41 v nepravidelném směru. Absorpční struktura 42 může mít nadměrnou koncentraci vysoce absorpčního materiálu 41, jestliže je absorpční struktura 42 v klidovém stavu, což způsobí koncentraci vysoce absorpčního materiálu 41 v rámci zamýšlené cílové úrovně koncentrace, jestliže je absorpční struktura 42 v nataženém stavu.
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Povrchové zvrásnění 66 rovněž poskytuje okamžité a dočasné vzedmutí množství volné kapaliny, dokud není absorbována vysoce absorpčními částicemi materiálu 41. Povrchové zvrásnění 66 rovněž poskytuje pocit měkkosti, pružnější (polštářovou) strukturu, a to vše pro lepší pocit při nošení. Dřívější pokusy umístit rozčleněný, vysoce absorpční materiál 41 přímo na tenkou přepážku, u typu používaného podle tohoto vynálezu, vedly k vytvoření úzkých malých otvorů v přepážce během výroby a nošení. To mohlo vést k prosakování kapaliny přes přepážku, nebo úniku vysoce absorpčních částic materiálu 41 během výroby a nošení. Netkaný materiál komponenty 43 použitý v absorpční struktuře 42, omezuje tuto možnost tím, že poskytuje polštář, který brání vytvoření malých otvorů, jestliže je absorpční struktura 42 vystavena tlaku.
Horní vrstva 38 zahrnuje nepropustný prvek který se nachází během nošení zdravotní vložky 20 u těla uživatele. Horní vrstva 38 musí vzbuzovat pocit měkkosti a musí být poddajná a nesmí dráždit pokožku uživatele. Horní vrstva 38 musí dále poskytovat odolnost proti proražení a snížit tendenci k opětnému zvlhčení, musí dovolit výměškům rychle do ní proniknout, a téci směrem k absorpční struktuře 42, ale musí zabránit, aby výměšky tekly zpět přes horní vrstvu 38 ke kůži uživatele.
Horní vrstva 38 má dvě strany (nebo povrchy), včetně strany 38A obrácené k tělu a strany 38B otočené ke spodnímu prádlu. Strana 38A obrácená k tělu vytváří přinejmenším povrch vrstvy 20A dotýkající se těla. Horní vrstvy 38 má dva podélné okraje 38C a dva koncové okraje 38D. (Podobný systém číslování se používá u dalších prvků zdravotní vložky. To znamená, že strana prvku obráceného ktělu uživatele může být označena číslem prvku a bližším označením tj. písmenem „A“. Strana obrácená ke spodnímu prádlu je označena číslem prvku a písmenem „B. Boční a koncové okraje mohou byt označeny číslem prvku a písmenem „C“ nebo ,.D).
Vhodná horní vrstva 38 se dá vyrábět ze široké palety materiálů včetně, ale nejen z těchto, tkaných i netkaných materiálů, perforovaných termoplastických filmů, perforovaných plastických filmů, filmů na bázi vody, pórovité pěny, síťovaných termoplastických filmů, a termoplastických mulů. Vhodné tkané i netkané materiály mohou obsahovat přírodní vlákna (vlněná a bavlněná vlákna), syntetická a modifikovaná přírodní vlákna (polymemí vlákna, např. polyesterová, polypropylenová, polyetylénová, vlákna z polyvinylalkoholu, pryskyřice na bázi škrobu, polyuretanová vlákna, estery celulózy, nylon a vlákna z umělého hedvábí, a kombinaci přírodních a umělých vláken. Jestliže horní vrstva obsahuje netkané pletivo, může být toto pletivo vyrobeno spřádáním, mykáním, foukáním taveniny, spletením na trysk, stavech, kombinací uvedených metod a pod.
Perforovaným filmům je pro použití k výrobě horní vrstvy 38 dávána přednost, jelikož jsou pro kapaliny propustné, a jsou-li správně perforovány, mají sníženou tendenci propouštět kapalinu zpět a znovu zvlhčovat pokožku uživatele. Vhodné filmy jsou popsány v US patentu čís. 3 929 135, v US patentu čís. 4 342 314, US patentu čís. 4 342 314, v US patentu čís. 4 463 045 a v US patentu čís. 5 006 394.
Horní vrstvy může být vyrobená jako pružná mechanickou cestou, např. splétáním, vrásněním, nebo válečkováním povrchu horní vrstvy za účelem vytvoření záhybů, které se mohou otevřít, jestliže je horní vrstva natažena. Tento proces se dá použít u mnoha materiálů již popsaných. U jednoho provedení podle tohoto vynálezu, je horní vrstva vyrobena podle US patentu čís. 4 463 045 válečkováním, čímž horní vrstva dosáhla určitý stav roztažitelnosti.
Vhodné postupy pro válečkování nebo vrásnění, jsou popsány v US patentu čís. 4 107 364 a v US patentu čís. 4 834 741.
Linie zvrásnění 66 u horní vrstvy 38, vytvořené válečkováním, jsou vedeny příčným směrem, takže horní vrstva 38 je pružná v podélném směru. U jiných provedení může linie vést podélným
-8CZ 284027 B6 směrem, oběma směry a/nebo jiným směrem. Horní vrstva 38 bude pružná ve směru kolmém k těmto liniím.
U výhodného provedení je horní vrstva 38 hydrofilická, přičemž kapalina může procházet horní vrstvou 38 rychleji. Zmenší to pravděpodobnost, že tělesné výměšky budou z vrstvy 38 odcházet, namísto toho, aby byly absorpční strukturou 42 pohlcovány. Horní vrstva 38 může být učiněna hydrofilickou tím, že se povrch napustí chemicky aktivní látkou. Vhodné metody ošetření povrchu jsou popsány v US patentu čís. 4 950 264 a 5 009 653.
U výhodného provedení je vnitřní povrch 38B horní vrstvy 38 spojen s absorpční vrstvou 42. Tento kontakt má za následek, že kapalina proniká horní vrstvou 38 rychleji. Horní vrstva 38 může být udržována v kontaktu s vrstvou, která leží pod ni tím, že se k ní horní vrstva 38 přilepí. Není ale nutné, aby se čelní strana horní vrstvy 38 lepila k čelní straně vrstvy, která leží pod ní. Horní vrstva 38 může být udržována v kontaktu se spodní vrstvou použitím přilnavých látek mezi horní vrstvu 38 a vrstvu ležící pod ní, zapletením vláken obou vrstev do sebe, a to zatavením horní vrstvy 38 k vrstvě ležící pod ní tak, že se vytvoří bodové, nespojité, zatavené spoje, nebo se použije jiný způsob známý z oboru. Vysoce absorpční materiál 41 prvku schopného udržet kapalinu („vrstva s jímavostí), vrstva 46, je umístěný mezi horní vrstvu 38 a absorpční strukturu 42. Vrstva 46 je použita proto, aby zabránila ztrátám vysoce absorpčních částic materiálu 41 v netkané komponentě 43 průchodem přes horní vrstvu 38 (a mimo zdravotní vložku), během výroby a nošení.
Vrstva 46 může být z jakéhokoliv materiálu, který je vhodný pro uvedený účel, a který- neovlivní pohyb kapaliny procházející přes horní vrstvu 38 do absorpční struktury 42. Vhodné vrstvy 46 s jímavost! jsou popsány v PCT Publication No. WO 93/01785 a WO 93/01786. Jiným vhodným materiálem je krepový hedvábný papír a kompozity vyrobené foukáním taveniny. Vrstva 46 může být vyrobena z materiálu, který byl specifikován jako vhodný pro horní vrstvu 38. je-li použit materiál 41 s vysoce absorpčních vláken. Takové materiály jsou zejména vhodné tam, kde mají zabránit vysoce absorpčnímu materiálu „vytékat“ do povrchu orientovanému k tělu, je-li použit materiál s vysoce absorpčními vlákny.
Vrstva 46 může získat pružnost (roztažitelnost) pomocí mechanických operací, jakými mohou např. být, splétání, vrásnění, krepování nebo válečkování. Vrstva 46 získá roztažitelnost pomocí těchto operací, použije-li se jemná tkanina s roztažitelností v rozmezí 20 % a 200 % (znamená to. že se může roztáhnout 1.2 až 3x vůči původní délce. Zvrásnění 66 bude kolmé ke směru natahování. Tyto vrstvy zjemné tkaniny se dají vyrobit různým způsobem. Jemnou tkaninou může být obvyklá krepová jemná tkanina. Může jí být tzv. BOUNTY tkanina, která zachovává krepový tvar po vyjmutí ze sušiče Yenkee, používaného ve výrobě papíru. Výrobní proces je popsán v US patentu čís. 5 098 522.
Prvky zdravotní vložky 20, popsané dříve (horní vrstva 38, vrstva 46 sjímavostí, absorpční struktura 42), mohou být k sobě uchyceny jakýmkoliv vhodným způsobem, který umožňuje, aby se zdravotní vložka 20 mohla roztahovat. U provedení na obr. 1 jsou prvky zdravotní vložky 20 dimenzovány tak. že okraje horní vrstvy 38 a přepážky s filmem pružné komponenty 40, se roztahují směrem ven za okraje netkané komponenty 43 absorpční struktury 42. Horní vrstva 38 a vrstva 46 sjímavostí jsou umístěny na horní část absorpční struktury 42. Části okrajů horní vrstvy 38, která se roztahují směrem ven přes okraje netkané komponenty 43. jsou upevněny k okrajům pružné komponenty 40. Jak je znázorněno na obr. 1, je horní vrstva 38 spojena s překážkou s filmem komponenty 40 podél švu 90. Šev 90 je pro kapalinu nepropustný. Šev 90 může být vytvořen prostředky, které jsou v oboru pro tento účel obvyklé, a to lepením, kadeřením, nebo tepelným spojem.
Uvedené provedení je výhodné svojí jednoduchou konstrukcí a výrobou (Mohou se použít i jiné způsoby spojení různých prvků tohoto výrobku). Absorpční struktura 42 podle tohoto vynálezu
-9CZ 284027 B6 může být použita i v tzv. „trubkových“ výrobcích. U těchto výrobků může být absorpční struktura 42 obalena pro kapalinu nepropustným krycím materiálem, a obě vrstvy mohou být navzájem spojeny.
Obr. 2 znázorňuje, jak může být strana zdravotní vložky 20, obrácená ke spodnímu prádlu, opatřená upínačem 50, jakým může být adhezivní materiál citlivý na tlak, který slouží k upevnění vložky 20 v roztoku kalhotek. Upínač 50 se může použít v různých konfiguracích. Výhodné vzorky upínačů jsou popsány v PCT Publication No. WO 93/01785 a 93/01786. Upínač může být pružný, pevný, nebo kombinovaný.
Je-li upínač 50 pružný, roztahuje se ve stejném rozsahu, jako zdravotní vložka 20, jak je uvedeno v tab. 1. Vhodné pružné upínače 50 mají pružnou část jako takovou a pružnou kombinaci upínač/přepážka s filmem. Lze použít jakýkoliv pružný upínač, známý z oboru. Vhodná pružná kombinace upínač/přepážka s filmem zahrnuje, ale není to tímto omezeno, pevný adhesivní materiál upínače použitý na pružném materiálu přepážky s filmem, pružný roztažitelný film, např. Findley adhesiv 198-338, nebo adhezivní materiál ve formě spreje 3M adhesiv 1442 na elastickém filmu o nízkém modulu.
V hodné pevné upínače jsou uvedené mnohem podrobněji v US patentu 4 917 697.
Adhesivní upínač 50 je pokryt uvolňovací páskou 52. Lze použít jakoukoliv pásku 52. která je na trhu k dispozici. U vhodného provedení je páska 52 nahrazena obálkou, která slouží jako individuální obal zdravotní vložky 20 a jako odkládací pouzdro po použití tak, jak je to popsáno v US patentu čís. 4 556 146.
Upínače byly původně popsány jako adhesiva, a to z důvodu jednoduchosti popisu. Typy upínačů se neomezují pouze na adhesivní materiály. Vhodnými upínači mohou být suché zipy, mechanické upínače ajejich kombinace.
Následující příklad provedení ilustruje praktické využití tohoto vynálezu. Není tím nikterak omezen rozsah absorpčních výrobků zde uvedených.
Horní vrstva 38 je vyrobena v souhlase s US patentem čís. 4 463 045, válečkováním, k dosažení patřičné roztažitelnosti. Vrstvou 46 sjímavostí je jedna vrstva z krepové jemné látky BOUNTY. Netkané vrstvy komponenty 43 jsou vyrobeny z polypropylenu o měrné hmotnosti 11 g/m2. Přepážka s filmem komponenty 40 je vyrobena z filmu o tloušťce 3.75.10’3 cm.
Pružná absorpční struktura 42 je zpočátku připravována tak, že se přepážka s filmem roztáhne na 1,5 násobek původní délky, a nanese se na obě strany lepidlo Findley H-2031. Lepidlo se nanáší ve formě nepřerušovaného vlákna širokého přibližně 1 mm, a odděleného od dalšího vlákna mezerou přibližně 9,5 mm. Netkaný materiál Scott je přilaminován na obě strany filmu a vytváří tzv. trilaminát. Pružná absorpční struktura 42 je potom rozřezána na patřičný tvar pro zdravotní vložku 20. Lepidlo Findley 2031 se spirálovým vzorem je naneseno na jednu stranu pružné absorpční struktury 42 a na stejnou stranu se dále nanese 1 g absorpčního gelového materiálu Nalco 1180 (AGM). Strana absorpční struktury 42 s vysoce absorpčním materiálem 41 je pokryta jednou vrstvou jemného tkaniva (procento prodloužení k hranici přetržení je větší, nebo rovno 200 %). Vrstva lepidla Findley 2031 je spirálovitě nanesena na tuto tkaninu, a to na její stranu obrácenou směrem ven. Lepidlo tavitelné za tepla Findley 990 se nanáší podél okrajů přepážky a horní vrstva 38 upravená válečkováním je připojena k vytvořenému polotovaru, takže výrobek se může natáhnout v podélném směru. Sestava je potom stlačena dohromady. Pružné lepidlo Fuller 2254 se potom nanese na zadní část přepážky, a tím se vytvoří upínací adhezivní prvek kalhotek (PFA). Zkušený odborník dokáže přeorientovat materiál tak, aby se dosáhlo pružnosti v příčném směru.
- 10CZ 284027 B6
Kromě popsaného provedení zdravotní vložky, je v literatuře popsána řada zdravotních vložek v jiném provedení. Tyto vložky mohu mít rovněž pružnou absorpční vrstvu. Některé zdravotní vložky jsou popsány v US patentu čís. 5 009 653 a US č. 4 950 264.
Výraz „plenkové kalhotky“ se týkají absorpčních výrobků, které jsou méně objemné a méně absorpční než zdravotní vložky, které ženy nosí během menstruačního období, nebojí používají v kombinaci s tampónem. Vzorek absorpčního výrobku kalhotkového typu je uveden v US patentu čís. 4 738 676.
ío Výraz „výrobek pro inkontinenci“ s týká vložek, spodního prádla (vložek, které jsou přidržovány na místě nošení závěsným systémem stejného typu, jako např. páskem a pod.), vložek pro absorpční výrobky, prvků pro zvýšení jímavosti výrobků, kalhotek, vložek do postele apod., bez ohledu na to, zdaje nosí dospělý, nebo jiná osoba trpící inkontinenci. Některé příklady těchto •výrobků, které mohou mít i pružnou absorpční strukturu, jsou uvedeny v US patentu čís.
4 253 461, v US patentu čís. 4 597 760 a 4 597 761, dále a dříve zmíněných patentech čís.
704 115 a 4 909 802, v US patentu čís. 4 964 860 a v PCT Publication No. WO 92/11830 a WO 92/11831.
Hlavní pozornost tohoto vynálezu je upřena na absorpční výrobky, které se nosí v rozkroku 20 spodního prádla uživatele. Pružná absorpční struktura se může rovněž použít jako dětská plena.
Dětská plena je absorpční výrobek, nošený dětmi a osobami trpícími inkontinenci, a je připevněna kolem pasu uživatele. Vhodné dětské pleny mohou být opatřeny pružnou absorpční strukturou, jak je uvedeno v US patentu čís. 3 860 003 a v US patentu čís. 5 151 092.
Údaje všech patentů, (a jiných vydaných patentů a odpovídajících publikovaných zahraničních přihlášek), publikací zmíněných v těchto patentových přihláškách, jsou zde zahrnuty. Výslovně se nepřipouští, že kterýkoliv dokument zde uvedený vysvětluje a zveřejňuje podstatu tohoto vynálezu. Týká se to rovněž materiálu, který je na trhu k dispozici.
Claims (13)
- PATENTOVÉ NÁROKY1. Roztažitelný absorpční výrobek, obsahující roztažitelnou tekutiny propouštějící horní vrstvu (38) a roztažitelnou absorpční strukturu (42), spojenou s horní vrstvou (38), vyznačující se tím, že roztažitelná absorpční struktura (42) obsahuje pružnou tekutiny nepropouštějí komponentu (40) roztažitelnou mezi klidovou a roztaženou polohou a netkanou komponentu 40 (43), upravenou mezi pružnou komponentou (40) a horní vrstvou (38) a upevněnou k pružné komponentě (40) a v alespoň částečně roztažené poloze pružné komponenty (40) pro vytvoření zvrásnění (66) netkané komponenty (43) při uvolněné poloze pružné komponenty (40). přičemž pružná komponenta (40) tvoři barieru absorpčního výrobku (20).45
- 2. Absorpční výrobek podle nároku 1, vyznačující se tím, že roztažitelná absorpční struktura (42) je elasticky roztažitelná a obsahuje elasticky roztažitelnou tekutiny nepropouštějící komponentu (40).
- 3. Absorpční výrobek podle některého z předcházejících nároků, vyznačující se 50 tím, že roztažitelnost absorpčního výrobku (20) je v rozmezí 5 až 50 % při působení síly mezi 0,05 až 1,5 N.- 11 CZ 284027 B6
- 4. Absorpční výrobek podle některého z předcházejících nároků, tím, že netkaná komponenta (43) obsahuje syntetická vlákna.vyznačující se
- 5. Absorpční výrobek podle některého z předcházejících nároků, tím, že netkaná komponenta (43) obsahuje přírodní vlákna.vyznačující se
- 6. Absorpční výrobek podle některého z předcházejících nároků, vyznačující se tím, že na netkané komponentě (43) je umístěn superabsorpční, hydrogel vytvářející materiál (41).
- 7. Absorpční výrobek podle některého z předcházejících nároků, vyznačující se tím, že v netkané komponentě (43) je umístěn superabsorpční, hydrogel vytvářející materiál (41).
- 8. Absorpční výrobek podle nároku 6, vyznačující se tím, hydrogel vytvářející materiál (41) je složen z částic.
- 9. Absorpční výrobek podle nároku 7, vyznačující se tím, hydrogel vytvářející materiál (41) je vláknitý.
- 10. Absorpční výrobek podle nároku 9, vyznačující se tím, materiál (41) tvoří část netkané komponenty (43).
- 11. Absorpční výrobek podle nároku 8, vyznačující se tím, materiál (41) je připevněn k netkané komponentě (43) mokrou vazbou.
- 12. Absorpční výrobek podle nároku 8, vyznačující se tím, materiál (41) je k netkané komponentě (43) připevněn lepidlem.že superabsorpční, že superabsorpční, že superabsorpční že superabsorpční že superabsorpční
- 13. Absorpční výrobek podle nároku 12, vyznačující se tím, že obsahuje vysoce absorpční vrstvu (46), umístěnou mezi horní vrstvou (38) a netkanou komponentou (42).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/915,133 US5824004A (en) | 1990-06-18 | 1992-07-23 | Stretchable absorbent articles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CZ17095A3 CZ17095A3 (en) | 1995-05-17 |
CZ284027B6 true CZ284027B6 (cs) | 1998-07-15 |
Family
ID=25435272
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CZ95168A CZ16895A3 (en) | 1992-07-23 | 1993-07-22 | Absorption article with less expandable preventers |
CZ95169A CZ284050B6 (cs) | 1992-07-23 | 1993-07-22 | Absorpční výrobky s krycími díly, které přirozeným způsobem překrývají okraje kalhotek |
CZ95170A CZ284027B6 (cs) | 1992-07-23 | 1993-07-23 | Absorpční výrobek s pružným absorpčním uspořádáním |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CZ95168A CZ16895A3 (en) | 1992-07-23 | 1993-07-22 | Absorption article with less expandable preventers |
CZ95169A CZ284050B6 (cs) | 1992-07-23 | 1993-07-22 | Absorpční výrobky s krycími díly, které přirozeným způsobem překrývají okraje kalhotek |
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EP (5) | EP0650350B1 (cs) |
JP (5) | JP3447288B2 (cs) |
KR (5) | KR100331350B1 (cs) |
CN (2) | CN1111394C (cs) |
AT (4) | ATE173911T1 (cs) |
AU (7) | AU4687693A (cs) |
BR (3) | BR9306770A (cs) |
CA (5) | CA2140766C (cs) |
CZ (3) | CZ16895A3 (cs) |
DE (4) | DE69319116T2 (cs) |
DK (1) | DK0651630T3 (cs) |
ES (4) | ES2125344T3 (cs) |
FI (3) | FI950255A (cs) |
GR (1) | GR3030452T3 (cs) |
HK (3) | HK1012161A1 (cs) |
HU (3) | HUT72267A (cs) |
MX (1) | MX9300354A (cs) |
MY (1) | MY108948A (cs) |
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NZ (6) | NZ328136A (cs) |
PL (1) | PL172579B1 (cs) |
SG (5) | SG72623A1 (cs) |
TW (1) | TW257669B (cs) |
WO (5) | WO1994002095A1 (cs) |
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1992
- 1992-07-23 US US07/915,133 patent/US5824004A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-22 MY MYPI92001905A patent/MY108948A/en unknown
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- 1992-10-30 NZ NZ244958A patent/NZ244958A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-30 NZ NZ328135A patent/NZ328135A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-30 NZ NZ272837A patent/NZ272837A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-30 NZ NZ328137A patent/NZ328137A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-31 CN CN92113667A patent/CN1111394C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-11-03 TW TW081108756A patent/TW257669B/zh active
-
1993
- 1993-01-22 MX MX9300354A patent/MX9300354A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-22 BR BR9306770A patent/BR9306770A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-07-22 CZ CZ95168A patent/CZ16895A3/cs unknown
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- 1993-07-22 JP JP50471294A patent/JP3447288B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-22 SG SG1996003128A patent/SG72623A1/en unknown
- 1993-07-22 WO PCT/US1993/006938 patent/WO1994002095A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-07-22 DE DE69319116T patent/DE69319116T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-22 AU AU46876/93A patent/AU4687693A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-07-22 WO PCT/US1993/006956 patent/WO1994002098A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 1993-07-22 DK DK93917330T patent/DK0651630T3/da active
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- 1993-07-22 AT AT93917325T patent/ATE167046T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-22 JP JP6504719A patent/JPH07509162A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-07-22 HU HU9500187A patent/HUT72267A/hu unknown
- 1993-07-22 DE DE69319117T patent/DE69319117T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 1993-07-22 ES ES93917330T patent/ES2125344T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-22 WO PCT/US1993/006957 patent/WO1994002096A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-07-22 EP EP93918350A patent/EP0650350B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-22 EP EP93918355A patent/EP0650349A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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- 1993-07-22 DE DE69322390T patent/DE69322390T2/de not_active Revoked
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- 1993-07-23 EP EP93919826A patent/EP0651631B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1993-07-23 CZ CZ95170A patent/CZ284027B6/cs unknown
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1994
- 1994-01-21 CN CN94102657A patent/CN1107683A/zh active Pending
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1995
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1996
- 1996-12-16 US US08/768,050 patent/US5951536A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-06-13 US US08/876,102 patent/US6287288B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-02-27 AU AU56361/98A patent/AU716591B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-02-27 AU AU56362/98A patent/AU5636298A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-12-10 HK HK98113162A patent/HK1012161A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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1999
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