CN85108364A - Stablizing of earth surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

Stablizing and beautifying of earth surfaces can be to use by spraying method to form a concrete that intersects, and porose therebetween netted arrangement.These concrete are to reinforce with tension member, and tension member can be a steel fiber, the form of welded wire fabric or L-shape member.Each L-shape member has an anchor portion, in the boring that is hooked in earth, with the tension member of closed type loop type.Be placed on contiguous earth surfaces and be connected to a tension member, this tension member is that anchor is in adjacent borehole.So that these tension members form a subcontinuous tension member, stretch at earth surfaces, or form parallel ranks or the almost netted arrangement of tension member continuously.

Description

Stablizing of earth surfaces

The present invention relates to stablizing and beautifying of earthwork, particularly stablizing and beautifying for the earthwork that has the inclined plane.

About stablizing of earth surfaces, particularly for the erosion of avoiding earth and the inclination earth surfaces that comes down in torrents, existing in the past a lot of suggestion, these suggestions comprise the retaining wall reinforcement structure that causes with brick, stone or concrete plate and on earth surfaces with the fixing attachment device of blanket shape material of nail or similar item, and at present popular come stable suggestion at the earth surfaces concrete of spraying with spraying method.

Yet, in these prior aries, also exist a lot of significantly difficulties.Most present technology aims at the design of a certain locality, thereby has unique characteristics, such as one in order to reinforce and/or stablize the system on soft earth slope, can not be applicable to hard block faces.The structure of certain earth or block faces is geographical character, angle of inclination that is decided by it and the ambient conditions that may be in.

Therefore, the earth systems stabilisation that up to the present also is not fit to the general objects purposes.

The difficulty that exists in the prior art also has, because the application of material produces too high mounting cost and too much labour's consumption, and often produces tedious profile on every side.

In order to try hard to obtain more easily accepting the gunning concrete rock-steady structure of profile, Britain the 1st, 290, No. 323 patent provides a place that is similar to people's walking along the street shape, wherein forms a closed, and grass or similar growth medium are arranged in it.After this structure is finished, its one type comprises many culture mediums that fill plants such as grass, with the equidistant hole of arranging, this hole is to form between the arm of on the ground many daggers of concrete separately, in another kind of type, a layer concrete on the ground, finishing die is compressed into the concrete that does not also solidify then, thereby form the space that fills plant growth culture medium, need to use the space that shaking device is compressed into finishing die formation here.

Though this system is suitable for general level ground, it is to soft or admant inclined-plane and incompatible.In first type, whole system includes many independent or unconnected daggers, therefore except because of the added reinforcing of its weight, can not provide any type of reinforcing for inclined surface.In another kind of type, it forms a kind of netted concrete structure, and is wherein porose.This system not too is fit to.Because former is pressed into the vibrations that concrete needs, can cause static concrete thixotropy, so fluidised concrete just rush down down, so this system is on other surface that impossible be applied to beyond the plane.

The reason of coming down in torrents on soft earth and hard block faces is because the outward thrust in the earth.If without any reinforcing or anchoring device, as BP the 1st, 290, No. 323 described, a structure that comprises independent member, for because of coming down in torrents or the shear of hard stone structure and peeling off in the soft clay structure, and the low of the outward thrust that produces driven on a slope, can not come into force, so above-mentioned patent is considered to only be applicable to the erosion of control growth medium on level or slightly-inclined face.

Purpose of the present invention is to be to solve or to alleviate the difficulty relevant with prior art earth systems stabilisation and be to provide cheap but efficient system, is applicable to widely on the earth surfaces.

According to purpose of the present invention, the reinforcing of a clay structure and stable method are provided here, comprising:

Spraying one layer concrete to form the netted arrangement of intersection concrete component, forms the hole betwixt on earth surfaces.

Described netted arrangement preferably has a bracing means.

Include tension member in the described bracing means.

Described tension member preferably includes steel strenthening member, and this member can be independent, also can be to interconnect between the member, thereby forms the netted arrangement that is attached to the clay structure surface.

If needed, this bracing means can comprise an anchor shape fixture, thereby anchor shape ground connects above-mentioned earth surfaces.

The netted arrangement of described intersection concrete component is to spray a layer concrete on the ground to form, and is then laying many that be separated by and be used for the mould of breeding plant before this.

A most preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in conjunction with reference figure below.

Fig. 1 is the diagram according to a system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the cross section through A-A line among Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the cross section that is applied to plant propagation heap of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the another kind of disposition-plan of selecting.

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 have represented the plant propagation heap of another kind of selection.

With the form that the present invention simplifies most, be included in through spraying concrete on the body structure surface of preparing and intersect bar, these bars have suitable width and thickness, thereby form the concrete of netted arrangement, stretch constantly on the surface that need are handled.

Therefore, nettedly be arranged with a lot of holes, each hole is centered on by low concrete wall.When earth surfaces was soft clay structure, grass or shrub etc. can directly be seeded on the earth of hole surface.The another kind of selection is when earth surfaces is the admant surface, can be paved with the hole with a kind of plant growth culture medium, and these culture mediums can be earth, peat soil or other similar culture medium.The low concrete wall that is formed by netted arrangement is used for stablizing plant growth culture medium, corrode with defence, and this system can be applied on level and the plane, slope.

For coming down in torrents, rupture, peel off tendency especially or, need additional reinforcing especially under abominable situation because the earth surfaces of bigger outward thrust is arranged.

Fig. 1 is the diagram of this system, earth surfaces is being evened out, thereby after having prepared a level and smooth ground, many holes 1 is drilled on the clay structure.A large amount of roughly L type members of being made by steel bar or similar item 2 are at first formed the V-type of an extension, part between its end crooked 90 is spent and is placed on the earth surfaces then, free end with the pawl 3 of L type member inserts in the boring again, simultaneously with lean against or the arm 4 of a little higher than earth surfaces intersects.The free end of arm 4 forms a closed hoop 4a.On adjacent borehole, there is the pawl 3 of other L type members to stretch and enters boring through this ring.The pawl 3 of each L type member forms an anchor arm 4 and then forms the tension part that intersects.For the impartial net structure shown in the figure, the pawl of four L type members is placed in the same boring, and each arm approximately becomes 90 degree with the arm of vicinity.The arm 4 that crosses one another has been formed the netted arrangement of a continuous basically tension member, stretches and is anchored on the earth surfaces.Another selection is that net structure is made up of crossing being arranged in parallel of tension member, and there is the pawl of 2 L type members in each hole, and they and arm constitute 90 degree.

Then, gunning concrete on earth surfaces particularly in the zone of boring 1 and crossing arm 4, has the firm netted concrete component in one or more holes 5 with formation.The another kind of selection is to utilize suitable materials such as plastic cement, forming paper etc., and the shape of making desirable hole is as circle, rectangle or diamond-shaped.Can form a big hole in the area that reinforced concrete is arranged on every side and centered on; Also can form a lot of holes.

Fig. 2 is the cross section along Fig. 1 cathetus A-A, in the drawings, the concrete that the representative of the area of mark 6 is formed by spraying method, a plant growth culture medium such as earth are represented in the area of mark 7.The bottom in hole 5 is preferably increasing, forms wall 8, so that keep growth medium 7.

Utilize the mould of falling the shape shown in Figure 39 can form wall 8.Reverse mould 9 comprises the enclosure wall of being made up of thin plastic cement, shaping paper or similar raw material 10.The mould of falling the shape 9 is to fill up as the earth that has grass seed or class jljl with propagating culture medium 11.Its opening is by porose or have infiltrative film 12 to be covered, in order to keep growth medium and to make things convenient for draining.

The systems stabilisation of earth according to the present invention, mould 9 are that the compartment of terrain is placed on earth surfaces, and facing down of apertured film then, sprays to a suitable height by concrete again, as the 50-100 millimeter, so that the upper space 10a of mould still exposes.Mould 9 is preferably formed or is had at least to be beneficial to by a kind of material that just decomposes after surrounding concrete solidifies and removes upper space 10a.

With reference to the illustrated system of Fig. 1 and 2,, also be applicable to need that reinforcement edge comes down in torrents with antagonism or the surface of collapsing of other form to very oblique earth surfaces particularly suitable.Native system also is specially adapted to the admant surface, and this is because of cohesively between concrete and the stone face.

Other variation in this system is that before the concrete that uses spraying, earth surfaces can at first serve as a contrast the porose or osmotic membrane of one deck.This layer film is convenient to the moisture content that accumulates in the concrete hole is discharged, thereby plant culture is retained in the hole.

In other embodiments of the invention, bracing means can comprise crossing member, its kind such as Australian patent application 16015/83,22066/83, and PG3888 and international patent application number PCT/Au 84/00042 are illustrated.Another is selected, and also can be used as additionally, and the concrete that is formed by spraying method can comprise cellulosic bracing means, and form is a plastic cement, and glass or reinforcing bar preferably have the steel fiber that strengthens end.Like this, concrete thickness can reduce, but strength characteristics does not reduce.

Fig. 4 represents that another reinforces the plan view of netted arrangement, the steel net include single cross rib 13 and a pair of to divide across longitudinal rib 14,14a is that piece ground is layered on the inclined plane, if necessary, it can supported as rod 15 grade by suitable interval.As the thing of falling the shape among Fig. 3, it is used for inserting in the net structure hole 16, is located exactly by corresponding longitudinal rib 14a and cross rib 13 then, and this can guarantee that in complete structure the thing of falling shape quilt accurately at interval.Then, net relies on one in its free end patchhole 17 to arrange 16 anchorings of L type member on the slope, and the closed loop 18 of its each arm 19 then is to be positioned on the boring 17a, and the free end of another L type member then is to insert in neighbour's boring 17a through encircling 18.Like this, comprise that the continuous substantially tension member of linking arm 19 forms on net, continuous basically tension member by the grouting of the free end of L type member enter in the hole 17 the mode anchoring on the ground.

Fig. 5 represents the container of another kind of form, and it is used for containing the culture medium that carries breeding plant, and this culture medium then is to have to be employed in the present invention.This structure comprises columnar container 20, and openend 21 and closed end 22 are wherein arranged, and this container can be made by any suitable material, and as similar items such as plastic cement and paper, it also can have hard or rubber-like chamber wall.With closed end 22 across be several openings 23 that become slits or potted, gather too much moisture content with helping venting.Zone 24 then can be applied to this position in order to keep the moisture content of a predetermined quantity as suitable water storage materials such as multi-cell fibers.

Container among Fig. 5 can be arranged on the surface that is stabilized separatedly, and then, spraying last layer concrete on this surface, the openend 21 of container are then exposed or protrude concrete surface.

Fig. 6 is another embodiment of container among Fig. 5.This container comprises a rubber-like sack 30, and it comprises an openend 31 and a closing end 32, and it is draining perforation 34 that bottom 33 has a part at least, and terminal 32 parts then are designed to store moisture content.

On ready mud face, these sacks be equipartition be placed between the interconnected strenthening member 35, by spraying last layer concrete, openend 31 then exposes on this area.

In of the present invention other changes, the netted arrangement of concrete that needs or do not need reinforcement forms on the ground, the mixture of propagating culture medium and vegetable seeds then is sprayed among the aligned apertures, and another way is that natural or pedaline skin bit are placed between the hole.

The people of this area should know clearly, the invention provides a not only method of simple but also not expensive and very effective reinforcing and stable clay structure, after suitable modification, it also can be used for nearly all angle of inclination between horizontal and vertical applicable to all types of hard and soft clay structures. Since at the clay structure surface anchoring system of subcontinuous tension member, so, any clay structure comes down in torrents or the mobile pressure that produces in early days, the capital is consumed by the load of the tension in the steel ruggedized construction, use concrete in steel ruggedized construction, so just can obtain the structure of a similar armored concrete.

According to the present invention, except it as the superior performance of clay structure bracing means, it and the 1st, 290, No. 323 patents of structure of the prior art such as Britain are compared, and can save half value of as many as.

Claims (9)

1, method of reinforcing and stablizing clay structure is characterized in that:

The concrete that spraying method is formed is applied on the structure of earth, to make the concrete netted arrangement of an intersection, forms the hole between the concrete.

2, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete of indication comprises bracing means.

3, according to the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that: bracing means comprises tension member.

4, according to the method for claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: tension member comprises steel fiber.

5, according to the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that: bracing means comprises the member of a large amount of L-shapes, member has an anchor portion in mentioned clay structure, be used for being anchored in each boring, this device also comprises another tension member, this tension member is a closed type ring, and the vicinity on the clay structure surface connects the tension member that an anchor adjacent borehole.

6, according to claim 5 method, it is characterized in that: the tension member of each L shape member interlinks, and forms the tension member of a solid continuity, stretches on the clay structure surface.

7, according to the method for claim 5, it is characterized in that: bracing means comprises being arranged in parallel of solid continuity tension member.

8, according to the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that: bracing means comprises the netted arrangement of solid continuity tension member.

9, according to any one method of claim 2 to 8, it is characterized in that: bracing means comprises welded wire fabric.

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