CN85104827A - Make the equipment and the method for sliding bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

Form the equipment and the method for sliding bearing by a bearing length lath, this bearing length lath is made up of the bearing material of a sheet metal and one deck liner.This equipment comprises: a series of pipe moulding rolling platforms (114,115,116 and 117), and it is cylindric that long lath (111) is rolled into a part; The blind hole of a forming model (131) has an internal core rod (132), the long lath that rolls is rolled into cylinder 127 be formed into product tubular construction (129); A tractor long lath or pipe, drags and passes rolling platform and model; A shutdown mechanism (133) is cut into certain-length (134) to the pipe of moulding (129).

Description

Make the equipment and the method for sliding bearing

The present invention relates to the manufacturing of sliding bearing, especially at half garden column sleeve and garden post lining.

Some existing ways that form half garden axis of a cylinder bearing sleeve comprise pressure-sizing and punching press.The shortcoming that these methods exist is: be difficult to avoid the edge along axis can increase thickness.In addition,, in fact can only after forming process, carry out, therefore, require a quite complicated screening and an electroplating work procedure if require one deck coating.

If require garden post lining, generally need be curled into semi-finished product, not only formed flat but also formed a part of garden cylindricality around a core bar.Again, it is difficult to avoid will increase wall thickness at the closing line place.

In all these existing methods, general forming process is all carried out on single semi-finished product.So the throughput of these methods is restricted, and general also doubtful for single half-finished accurate location of forming process.

In another existing method, semi-finished product downcut from a long lath respectively, and, little by little be shaped in each operation before cutting off.When this method was simplified accurate location, the machine tool of classification was very expensive.

An object of the present invention is to provide sliding bearing a kind of simple of constant thickness and make suitable method, before being shaped in constant thickness plating one coating.

Next purpose provides a kind of way that has the production sliding bearing of higher productivity than existing way.

An aspect of of the present present invention, a kind of method of being made sliding bearing by a bearing length lath 11 is provided, this long lath 11 is to be coated with last layer bearing bush 13 with a kind of sheet metal face 12, this method is to make long lath form a garden column jecket or part garden cylindricality 29, subsequently, the garden column jecket 29 that is shaped is cut into the length of requirement, it is characterized in that: forming step comprises and drags long lath 11 and pass a model 14.

In order to allow long lath enter model, can give the leading end that processes it earlier, promote that long lath passes model, it can accept vibration of ultrasonic wave, although this is not indispensable, yet, as require high words of slowing down, use 50% vibration of ultrasonic wave can reduce load, also just reduced the broken possibility of pipe.For mini Mod, the length of model can considerably be lacked, for example: equal 2 to 5 times of production tube diameter, and for the large scale model, length may diminish to 1/4 of diameter.

A desirable method of the present invention is to make long lath pass the tubular type rolling equipment, thus, rollably drags long lath and passes a model.Then, the long lath of this shaping is cut into the length of requirement.

Such method has the ability of a large amount of precision bearings of high-speed production, the precision height that this ratio of precision obtains with the pressure-sizing lining.Therefore, the long lath of moulding can fine finishing goes out the size of inner and outer diameter.

The plate face of long lath can be steel, copper, bronze, aluminium or a kind of aluminum alloy.Liner can be a kind of soft metal alloy, for example: aluminium/tin, aluminium/lead, copper/lead, aluminium/silica/tin, aluminium/silica/zinc, it maybe can be a kind of plastic materials, for example: polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK), or the alloy of these materials is promptly: PTFE/PEEK/ graphite/bronze.Certainly, other material also can be used as plate face and liner, and liner can plating coating simultaneously.

The moulding long lath can be whole garden post or part garden post, especially half garden post.Under the situation of half garden post, two cross sections preferably drag the pipe that forms a garden post together by model.As the major advantage that a pipe drags be two halves together: it allows simple garden cylindricality instrument, and can be in an operation fine finishing wall and garden girth.

Therefore, this method can be produced the two-part bearing of accurate wall thickness, has thisly processed the joint face that wall is not heaved, thereby can obtain thin lining, has the ability of high-speed production simultaneously.Another advantage of this method is: can cancel the screening and the plating of two-part bearing, be feasible because adopt long lath plating or casting coating.

Roller equipment preferably comprises a series of grinding platforms that make the pipe moulding.These grinding platforms are few to 3, and as many as is more than 15, especially at the quite thick whole garden post lining of tube wall.Be not that all rollers needs to drive in the roller table, and some or even all can be the inertia roller, although they can have the effect of moulding.

This equipment also can have: a joint or other projection piece are attached to the outside of moulding long lath, such device.In precision machined bearing, this device can be as making bearing place a kind of way of its casing exactly.This joint can connect with suitable way, for example: electric rifle weldering, spot welding, electron beam or laser beam welding, perhaps use a kind of Bond.The operation of this connection can be very simple, and the long lath of moulding separately cuts off preceding forming equipment with accurate interval.A kind of like this operation than general existing use more simple to operate, and existing operation to be internal surface from the moulding bearing dash an otch because the moulding bearing of separation does not need single accurate location, so this operation is suitable for procedure of the present invention.In addition, the surface of moulding bearing remains unaffected.

This long lath can be dragged and formed last production tube in a blind hole, wherein, an internal core rod is arranged in the last size or the model of shaping, and in a perforate, is provided with internal core rod in the model.Long lath can be with the existing lubricating system that drags.

Yet model is preferably made the cemented carbide model of the garden post that has the taper import, and this model is formed on one above the internal core rod.Can in the inside and outside surface of compression, cool off workpiece, can obtain high-precision wall thickness with this way.

Because such system, the initial instrument price with changing can be very low, because the wearing and tearing of cemented carbide model are very slow, it has the very long life-span.When this model arrives the limes superiors of wearing and tearing, it again reconditioning with usefulness as the large-size model of subsequent processing, so, the life-span of this model that more extended.

Best, finished semi-finished product are to cut off by means of the cutting roller that the spiral cutter sword is arranged, and this spiral cutter sword is to rotate around forming tube, therefore, promote pipe by cutting roller and cutting off finished semi-finished product in order.In other words, can obtain the pipe of cut-out with the automatic feed rod.

In a desirable drag operation, this pipe can at first pass the model of a perforate, and this model reduces the external diameter of pipe, although endoporus is also big than the hole of finished product lining.Then, this pipe can be dragged the 2nd model that passes a blind hole, has an internal core rod in that is:.Therefore, external diameter can further reduce simultaneously by the internal core rod compressing hole.

This pipe can drag with the device of two pawls that exchange continuously, and this pawl alternately clamps this pipe; These actions can drive with the hydraulic jack that provides continuous motion.

Because such system, this pipe can fly saw by one pipe is cut into certain-length.The pipe of these certain-lengths speeds away, and transfers on the outwards outstanding worktable.Thereby they can form the lining that requires length.

This invention also expands to as the equipment of carrying out a kind of method of the present invention.

The present invention can be applied in the reality in every way, and some embodiments are described below with reference to accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is by constituting the axial section rough schematic of equipment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the 1st embodiment's of driven equipment a simple diagrammatic side view;

Fig. 3 is half-finished the 2nd embodiment's end elevation that drags and cut mechanism;

Fig. 4 is the IV-IV sectional view among Fig. 3, wherein, for the sake of clarity omits some parts in addition;

Fig. 5 is by constituting the 3rd embodiment's axial section rough schematic of the present invention;

Fig. 6 to 9 is the horizontal section rough schematics by the rolled state of 4 orders, for the sake of clarity, amplifies the vertical separation process of curling;

Figure 10 is the simple sectional drawing by the layout of removable matrix;

Figure 11 to 15 is sketches of operation consecutive steps of another variation of expression driven equipment.

At first with reference to Fig. 1, a bearing length lath 11 comprises a steel scaleboard 12 and copper or plumbous lining 13, it is introduced into the cemented carbide model that is arranged in a box hat (not shown), and by dragging it someway, this method will be discussed below in more detail.

Model 14 has a taper inlet part 15, and this inlet part 15 tapers to post hole, final formation garden 16.The core bar of an elongation or core 17 are placed in the post hole, garden 16, and the position of relative model 14 is fixed.Although expression puts in the inlet end of model 14, core bar 17 beginnings can be in model 14.Model 14 and core bar 17 are polished to very high degree of finish.Vibration of ultrasonic wave equipment 18 be in model around, it can be used for promoting passing the passage of the long lath 11 of model 14 at any time.

When long lath 11 enters model 14, it little by little curls around core bar 17, leaves model up to the long lath when moulding, obtains whole garden column jecket 29.

Long lath 11 can be dragged by model 14, and one of them method representation is in Fig. 2.

In the 1st embodiment of Fig. 2, model 14 is contained on the planker 21.One clamps unit 22 self clamp jaw 23 is arranged, and clamps the termination of unit 22 pinch tube 29, and adopts suitable method, and for example: a suspension hook 24 is dragged along planker 21, clamps one that unit 22 is connected in the planker 21 and drags chain 25.With so a kind of layout, can obtain about 5 to the 30 meters dragging speed of per minute.The additional device 130 of a joint can also be provided.

After long lath 11 was dragged a segment length, in order to obtain the finished product lining, the pipe 29 of Sheng Chaning was cut into the length that needs like this.Use the dragging speed of 5.5 meter per seconds, per hour just can produce 20 meters of Nominal lengths, 15000 of the linings of permission cut-out equal error 5%.But this does not indicate: 5.5 meter per seconds are can getable maximum dragging speed.

Obviously find out: this embodiment is unfavorable to continuous operation.Yet, be illustrated in the 2nd embodiment among Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, attempt continuous operation and utilize mechanism not only to drag to manage 29 but also cut finished product lining 34.

There is a garden post casing 41 in this mechanism, and this casing 41 holds the cutting roller 42 in spaces such as three.Casing 41 rotatably is contained on the idle pulley 43 around the axis of itself, and cutting roller 42 is in axis own rotatably is contained in casing 41, and the axis of cut-out roller 42 be contained in respectively in the bearing 44, and they generally all is parallel to the axis of casing 41.

Each cutting roller 42 all is to constitute with a helical cut blade 45, and the pitch of blade 45 equals finished product lining 34 needed length.The degree of depth of each cutting edge 45 increases gradually along its length, till it is bigger slightly than the thickness of long lath 11.

On-stream, form the production tube of garden post 29 at last, along the axis of casing 41, and between three cutting rollers 42, introduce, till it runs into cutting edge 45.Simultaneously, casing 41 cooperates with tooth bar 46 around the elongation of the periphery of casing 41 jointly by means of a toothed belt (not shown), and casing is rotated on idle pulley 43.This just causes the cutting roller around managing 29 rotations again around the rotational of self, and therefore the arrow A direction by Fig. 4 drags pipe 29.At first, this pipe 29 is run into the shallow portion of cutting edge 45, and when it advanced by casing 41, cutting edge 45 cuttings were deepened, up to cutting off a finished product lining 34.

People will be appreciated that: three is the relative position of cutting edge 45 synchronous, makes three blades all cut each otch in pipe 29 simultaneously.The radial position of cutting roller 42 (casing 41 relatively) can be regulated by means of handwheel 47 near pipe 29, and handwheel 47 is connected to bearing 44, and twists by casing 41.

In another kind of structure, cutting edge 45 can uniform depth, and the cutting roller can with the axis tilt of casing, when pipe 29 drags by casing 41, make their sphere of penetration increase.

Also have a kind of structure,, can use a pair of operation roller in the inlet of the model 14 that a bit of curve is arranged in order to help to drag long lath 11.

Being made into production tube or pipe at half garden post lining can separated occasion, and especially, and one half long laths are fed in the model 14, and and one half long laths are in the position, both sides of core bar.Then, they are dragged together effectively and form two halves garden column jecket, and can length on request cut off.

This inventive embodiment will illustrate further by following Example:

Use the equipment of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 below, the 1st embodiment's of whole garden post lining example I is produced in open-birth:

The bimetal long lath of one 1.5 millimeters thick, be the steel scaleboard that contains a kind of alloy of 70% bronze medal and 30% lead, 62 millimeters of its width, front end are curled and inject in the high polishing hard matched moulds, this model is in a steel casing, and the cemented carbide model comprises the entering part and the garden post finished product form of taper.The diameter of model is 19.44 millimeters, and the diameter of the steel core bar of polishing is 16.74 millimeters, and is in the model, and curling long lath is to be in the state that surrounds model.

Long lath clamps in the front of model with self clamp jaw device, and this clamp jaw device is in the clamping unit on planker.Clamp unit and drive chain-driven by motor, promote with the speed of 5.5 meter per seconds, and long lath passing the passage of model, is the help by a kind of EP lubricant oil.The lining that separates is that the pipe incision that will produce forms.

All demonstrate very high degree of finish on inside and outside surface from without.

The 1st embodiment's of half lining example II is produced in the equipment open-birth of use Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 below:

In this case, repeat the production procedure of example 1, two wide 31 millimeters similar long lath just is curled and introduces in the model.After dragging, half lining of separation downcuts, and inner and outer surface all presents high finishingness.

The 3rd embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in Fig. 5 to Fig. 9.

At first with reference to Fig. 5, a bearing length lath 111 contains steel scaleboard 112 and a flat copper or leadwork 113, and this long lath 111 passes the rotor seat 114,115,116,117 of order.As among Fig. 6 to Fig. 9, long lath progressively forms a garden post 127 in four corresponding working procedures 124,125,126,127, and this garden post almost seals up, and has only a crack 128.

In the 1st rotor seat 114, last roller contact lining surface 113 and lower roller act on the liner plate 112, are actually the outside of crooked long lath 111 and form curved section shown among the figure 124.In the 2nd rotor seat 115, last roller contacts lining surface 113 again, and lower roller acts on the liner plate 112, and just in this case, last roller makes curved section 124 further bend to the shape in cross section 125.

In the 3rd rotor seat 116, last roller and lower roller are all flatly arranged and are all acted on the liner plate surface 112, thereby, long lath 111 is curved shape near garden column section 126.At last, in the 4th rotor seat 117, two roller combinations are closed cross section 126 and are sealed almost complete garden post 127, only stay a crack 128.

Return with reference to Fig. 5, the shaping of finished product and the operation of size comprise internal core rod 132 and model 131.When internal core rod 132 is passed through along the inner edge of approximate garden post 127 effectively, should pass model 131 by approximate garden post 127, certainly, although by a steel wire or chain 135, internal core rod 132 keeps stable with model 131 relative positions in whole process, and steel wire and chain are fixed on this equipment, perhaps through a pulley 136 or alternate manner, they are certain positions that is placed between the 2nd rotor seat 115 and the 4th rotor seat 117, as the position of diagram figure number 137.Obtain the garden post 129 of finished product like this.In other words, model 131 is fixed on the bar, and this bar is connected in this equipment by adjustable spiral.Then, cut off by desired length, obtain finished product lining 134 at illustrated figure number 133 places.

Although this embodiment points out 4 roller mill traines, clearly find out and can adopt more roller mill train, and can adopt get drive certain or all roller, even drive and roll.In addition, model 132 also can omit.

This shutdown mechanism can be similar to narrated among Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 such.

A desirable layout as model is shaped and moves is illustrated among Figure 10, and this pipe 211 moves along the arrow B direction.

This equipment comprises that 212, one on a sinking model drags the core bars 214 that axle 215 is supported in model 213 and, places to drag in the model 213 with making core bar 214 operations.

On-stream, half form pipe 211 passes sinking model 212, although the internal diameter of pipe is also big than the size that finished product lining requires, causes that the external diameter of pipe reduces.This pipe 211 is by dragging model 213 and being dragged on core bar 214.External diameter still continues to reduce and internal diameter is forced to form by core bar 214.This just is directed on this pipe will carry out refrigerating work procedure, enables the tolerance that keeps accurate.

This pipe 211 can drag with a kind of desirable driven equipment, expresses with Figure 11 to 15, and the motion of pipe 211 is the directions by the arrow C among Fig. 1.

This equipment has a pair of cross shaped joint that gripper jaws 221,222 is housed, and gripper jaws 221,222 is arranged the pipe 211 of clamping and forming.Cross shaped joint and pawl 221,222 correspondingly drive (not shown) with a pair of hydraulic jack.Clamping with unclamping pipe with pawl 221,222 is that relative their motion is synchronous, and this motion is for continuous production lining, allows the mobile of pipe 211.

In Figure 11, when pawl 221 was shuffled trend the right, pipe 211 was to clamp with pawl 221.Pawl 222 has unclamped pipe 211 simultaneously.When pawl 222 moves left, pawl 221 ejector sleeves 211 to the right, as shown in Figure 12.Pawl 222 changes its direction and pinch tube 211 then, and as shown in Figure 13, simultaneously, pawl 221 unclamps pipe 211.Pawl 222 continues to promote pipe 211 and pawl 221 moves left to the right, as shown in Figure 14.At last, as shown in Figure 15, pawl 221 changes its direction and promptly manages 211, and pawl 222 unclamps pipe 211 simultaneously.

This circulation is to repeat continuously.

One flies to saw 223 and dresses up and resemble a kind of layout shown in Figure 13.This saw 223 is contained on the lining sliding bearing 224, for example: by flying to stay 3 meters long layouts to cut off pipe 211 on the saw.Saw pawl 225,226 is arranged in the both sides pinch tube 211 of saw 223, cuts off pipe 211 places at saw 223, and saw pawl 225,226 causes that the saw group is with the pipe motion.A pair of acceleration roller (not shown) moves away to the length of cutting off on the worktable that stretches out.Meanwhile, saw 223 restores and turns back to its initial position.

This system can be with the speed of 15 meters of per seconds, and producing wall thickness tolerance is 0.025 millimeter or more a little bit smaller pipe.

For example: in order to begin this operation, when a new long lath will be shaped, this long lath is fined away earlier and a pull bar is soldered to this end.This pull bar passes this machine and slowly moves with the 2nd pawl 222, until the pipe 211 of moulding by the 1st pawl 221.Then, the 1st pawl 221 carries out pinch tube 211, and manages 211 and slowly move forward, when the 2nd pawl 222 is slowly mobile backward, till pull bar is by saw 223.Then, the operator can downcut the leading end of pull bar and pipe 211, begins normal operation again.

Claims (15)

1, makes a kind of method of sliding bearing by a bearing length lath (11), this long lath (11) is to be coated with last layer bearing bush (13) with a kind of sheet metal face (12), this method is to make long lath form a garden column jecket or part garden post (29), subsequently, the garden column jecket (29) that is shaped is cut into the length of requirement, and it is characterized in that: the shaping measure is to drag long lath (11) to pass a model (14).

2, the method by the described manufacturing sliding bearing of claim 1 is characterised in that: at the beginning in order to allow long lath enter model (14), can give the leading end that processes it earlier, then, in order to promote long lath (11) to pass model (14), model (14) and long lath (11) are accepted hyperacoustic vibrations at shaping.

3, the method by the manufacturing sliding bearing of claim 1 or 2 is characterised in that: passing model (131) before, long lath (111) passes a pipe of rolling equipment, and this equipment is that a series of pipes with the rolling platform constitute.

4, the method by each the described manufacturing sliding bearing in the aforesaid right requirement is characterised in that: the long lath that is transported in the model is two-part, and two cross sections are dragged together and pass model thus, thereby forms a garden column jecket with two halves.

5, the method by wantonly 1 the described manufacturing sliding bearing in the aforesaid right requirement is characterised in that: the model that constitutes operation comprises: pipe is passed the 1st model (212) of a perforate, and then pipe is passed the 2nd model (213) of a blind hole.

6, the method by wantonly 1 the described manufacturing sliding bearing in the aforesaid right requirement is characterised in that: this pipe (211) drags by the device of two pawls that replace continuously (221,222), and these two pawls are pinch tube (211) by turns.

7, the method by the described manufacturing sliding bearing of claim 6 is characterised in that: fly saw (223) by one pipe (211) is cut into certain-length.

8, the method by wantonly 1 the described manufacturing sliding bearing in 1 to 4 in the claim is characterised in that: accurately machined goods (34), be to cut off by means of the cutting hobbing cutter that spiral cutter sword (45) are arranged (42), this spiral cutter sword is to rotate around forming tube (29), therefore, promote pipe (29) by cutting hobbing cutter (42) and cut off fine finishing goods (34) in order.

9, constitute the equipment of sliding bearing by a bearing length lath (111), this bearing length lath is made up of the bearing material of a sheet metal (112) and one deck liner (113), this equipment comprises: a builder, this builder make pipe (129) form garden column or part garden column; A shutdown mechanism (133), this shutdown mechanism is cut into certain-length to pipe (129); It is characterized in that: builder comprises: a pipe rolls (114,115,116,117), and they are rolled into part garden column (127) to long lath; A model is shaped (131), and their form finished product tractor (129) to the long lath that rolls; A tractor, it drags long lath and passes pipe rolling seat and model shaping seat.

10, the equipment by the described manufacturing sliding bearing of claim 9 is characterised in that: pipe rolling seat has many pipe shaping rolling platforms (114,115,116,117).

11, the equipment by claim 9 or 10 described manufacturing sliding bearings is characterised in that: model shaping seat has a perforate model (212) and a back to back blind hole model (213).

12, the equipment by wantonly 1 the described manufacturing sliding bearing in the claim 9 to 11 is characterised in that: tractor has a pair of continuous exchange bluff piece (221,222), and their alternatelies clamp and drag long lath (211).

13, the equipment by wantonly 1 the described manufacturing sliding bearing in the claim 9 to 12 is characterised in that: shutdown mechanism is one and flies saw, at its disengagement phase, flies saw and is synchronized with the movement with dragging long lath (211).

14, the equipment by wantonly 1 the described manufacturing sliding bearing in the claim 9 to 13 is characterised in that: roll by accelerator, the length the long lath that is shaped cuts off is transported on the worktable that stretches out.

15, the equipment by wantonly 1 the described manufacturing sliding bearing in the claim 9 to 14 is characterised in that: the outside that a joint is connected to the shaping long lath by a device.

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