CN2913083Y - Mixed Power system of fuel battery engine and super capacity - Google Patents
Mixed Power system of fuel battery engine and super capacity Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2913083Y CN2913083Y CNU2005200478560U CN200520047856U CN2913083Y CN 2913083 Y CN2913083 Y CN 2913083Y CN U2005200478560 U CNU2005200478560 U CN U2005200478560U CN 200520047856 U CN200520047856 U CN 200520047856U CN 2913083 Y CN2913083 Y CN 2913083Y
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- Prior art keywords
- super capacitor
- fuel battery
- battery engines
- fuel cell
- power system
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a dynamical system which is mixed by a fuel cell engine and a super capacitor. The dynamical system comprises a fuel cell engine, a super capacitor, a diode, a motor controller and a load motor. The fuel cell engine is directly connected with the super capacitor in parallel; the current output end and the input end of the parallel circuit are connected with the current input end and the output end of the load motor through a motor controller; the diode is arranged at the current output end of the fuel cell motor; the output voltage of the fuel cell engine at idle speed is designed to be equal to the starting discharge voltage of the super capacitor; the rated current output by the fuel cell engine under rated voltage can not only drive the load motor but also supply part of the current to the super capacitor, and the working voltage of the super capacitor increases gradually with the charging process and finally reaches the idle speed voltage of the fuel cell. Compared with the prior art, the utility model is simple in structure, stable in power output and easy in control.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the fuel cell technology field, relates in particular to the power system that a kind of fuel battery engines mixes with super capacitor.
Background technology
Electrochemical fuel cell is a kind of device that hydrogen and oxidizer can be changed into electric energy and resultant of reaction.The internal core parts of this device are membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly are called for short MEA), and membrane electrode (MEA) is made up of as carbon paper a PEM, two porous conductive materials of film two sides folder.The catalyst that contains the initiation electrochemical reaction of even tiny dispersion on two boundary surfaces of film and carbon paper is as the metal platinum catalyst.The membrane electrode both sides can electrochemistry will take place with conductive body to be sent out and answers the electronics that generates in the process, draws by external circuit, constitutes current return.
At the anode tap of membrane electrode, fuel can pass porosity diffusion material (carbon paper) by infiltration, and electrochemical reaction takes place on catalyst surface, lose electronics, form positive ion, positive ion can pass PEM by migration, arrives the other end cathode terminal of membrane electrode.At the cathode terminal of membrane electrode, contain the gas of oxidizer (as oxygen), as air, pass porosity diffusion material (carbon paper), and the generation electrochemical reaction obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms negative ion by infiltration.The positive ion of coming in the anion and the anode tap migration of cathode terminal formation reacts, and forms resultant of reaction.
Adopting hydrogen is fuel, and the air that contains oxygen is in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of oxidizer (or pure oxygen is an oxidizer), and fuel hydrogen has just produced hydrogen positive ion (or being proton) in the catalytic electrochemical reaction of positive column.PEM helps the hydrogen positive ion to move to cathode region from the positive column.In addition, PEM is separated the air-flow and the oxygen air-flow of hydrogen fuel, they can not mixed mutually and produces explosive type reaction.
At cathode region, oxygen obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms negative ion, and moves the hydrogen positive ion reaction of coming, reaction of formation product water with the positive column.In the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that adopts hydrogen, air (oxygen), anode reaction and cathode reaction can be expressed in order to following equation:
Anode reaction: H
2→ 2H
++ 2e
Cathode reaction: 1/2O
2+ 2H
++ 2e → H
2O
In the representative type Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, membrane electrode (MEA) generally all is placed in the middle of the pole plate of two conductions, and quarter is milled by die casting, punching press or machinery in the surface that every guide plate contacts with membrane electrode, forms the flame diversion trough of one or more at least.These guide plates can be the pole plates of metallic material, also can be the pole plates of graphite material.Fluid duct on these guide plates and flame diversion trough import fuel and oxidizer the positive column and the cathode region on membrane electrode both sides respectively.In the structure of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells monocell, only there is a membrane electrode, the membrane electrode both sides are respectively the deflecting plate of anode fuel and the deflecting plate of cathode oxidant.These deflecting plates are both as current collector plate, and also as the mechanical support on membrane electrode both sides, the flame diversion trough on the deflecting plate acts as a fuel again and enters the passage of anode, cathode surface with oxidizer, and as the passage of taking away the water that generates in the fuel cell operation process.
In order to increase the gross horsepower of whole Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, two or more monocells can be connected into battery pack or be unified into battery pack by the mode that tiles usually by straight folded mode.In straight folded, in-line battery pack, can there be flame diversion trough on the two sides of a pole plate, and wherein one side can be used as the anode guide face of a membrane electrode, and another side can be used as the cathode diversion face of another adjacent membranes electrode, and this pole plate is called bipolar plates.A series of monocell connects together by certain way and forms a battery pack.Battery pack tightens together by front end-plate, lower back panel and pull bar usually and becomes one.
A typical battery stack generally includes: the water conservancy diversion import and the flow-guiding channel of (1) fuel and oxidant gas are distributed to fuel (hydrogen-rich gas that obtains as hydrogen, methyl alcohol or methyl alcohol, natural fuels, gasoline) and oxidizer (mainly being oxygen or air) in the flame diversion trough of each anode, cathode plane equably after reforming; (2) import and export and the flow-guiding channel of cooling fluid (as water) are evenly distributed to cooling fluid in each battery pack inner cooling channel, and the heat absorption that hydrogen in the fuel cell, the exothermal reaction of oxygen electrochemistry are generated is also taken battery pack out of and dispelled the heat; (3) outlet of fuel and oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel, fuel gas and oxidant gas are when discharging, and portability goes out the liquid that generates in the fuel cell, the water of steam state.Usually, the import and export of all fuel, oxidizer, cooling fluid are all opened on the end plate of fuel cells or on two end plates.
The output voltage of fuel cell-current characteristics curve often shows the more serious curve of polarization, as shown in Figure 1.Fuel cell output voltage reduces along with the increase of outgoing current comparatively fast in other words.This mainly is because fuel cell is when strengthening electric current output, and inside battery causes polarization because of supply, the diffusion velocity of fuel, oxidizer is restricted, also because inside battery internal resistance, catalysis cause bigger polarization.So fuel cell is during as mono-car, ship power, when car, ship demand power when great changes will take place, fuel cell output voltage can change a lot, and power control has been brought very big trouble.
Fuel cell is during as mono-car, ship power, and when car, ship demand power when great changes will take place, cooresponding condition of service of fuel cell and controlled variable differ greatly, and have increased the difficulty of fuel cell operation control greatly.
Fuel cell is during as mono-car, ship power, and when car, when the ship demand power changes a lot, cooresponding condition of service of fuel cell and controlled variable alter a great deal.The steep variation of condition of service, particularly temperature, flow, pressure, humidity, the operation life of fuel cell can be subjected to serious negative effect with stability.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is exactly the power system that provides a kind of fuel battery engines simple in structure, that power output is stablized, controlled easily to mix with super capacitor for the deficiency that overcomes above-mentioned prior art existence.
The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present utility model is: the power system that a kind of fuel battery engines mixes with super capacitor, it is characterized in that, comprise fuel battery engines, super capacitor, diode, electric machine controller, load motor, described fuel battery engines and super capacitor directly are connected in parallel, the electric current output of this circuit parallel, input end are connected with electric current input, the mouth of load motor by electric machine controller, and described diode is located at the current output terminal of fuel battery engines; Output voltage is designed to equate with the super capacitor firing potential during described fuel battery engines idling; The rated current of described fuel battery engines rated operational voltage output drives the load motor except satisfying, the part electric current can also be charged into super capacitor, this moment, the operating voltage of super capacitor finally equated with fuel cell idling voltage along with process of charging constantly rises.
Also comprise contactor controller, this contactor controller and super capacitor are connected in series.
Also comprise resistance, be connected in series with super capacitor after this resistance and the contactor controller parallel connection.
Described load motor is taked counter-rotating and is produced counter electromotive force when vehicle brake, this moment, load motor charged to super capacitor with the contactor controller closure.
Also comprise control setup, control signal is collected and sent to this control setup by the CAN bus to power system.
This utility model is further invention on the basis of original patent (Shenli Science and Technology Co Ltd, Shanghai's " a kind of fuel cell and closed-center system hybrid power system that can fast charging and discharging " number of patent application is 200510029328.7,200520044703.0).
The utility model has adopted fuel cell and super capacitor directly to be connected in parallel, and has saved extra DC/DC charger, has both simplified the structure of system, has alleviated the weight of system, has reduced the cost of power system again.
Shown in Figure 2 as the utility model, because fuel battery engines and super capacitor directly be connected in parallel, but the control of power system horsepower output is the self-control formula.Output voltage equated with the initial voltage of super capacitor when the main mechanism of oneself's control was the fuel battery engines idling, behind the super capacitor rapid discharge, when the voltage ratio fuel cell idling voltage of super capacitor hanged down, fuel cell was just had an opportunity to super capacitor charging, energy storage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the output voltage-current characteristics curve of existing fuel cell;
Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is the current-time characteristic curve of load motor;
Fig. 4 is the current-time characteristic curve of super capacitor;
Fig. 5 is the current-time characteristic curve of fuel battery engines;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the utility model one embodiment.
The specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 6, a kind of power is that fuel battery engines and the 50KW output voltage of 340V～480V is the city bus power system that the super capacitor of 340V～480V mixes for the 90KW output voltage, and 1 is fuel battery engines, and 2 is diode, 3 is super capacitor, 4 is electric machine controller, and 5 is load motor, and 6 is contactor controller, 7 is two CAN bridges, 8 is stretcher, and 9 is entire car controller, and 10 is resistance.The battery city bus power system that acts as a fuel, wherein, the load motor power of this passenger vehicle is 80KW, operating voltage is 340V～480V.
Above-mentioned fuel battery engines and super capacitor adopt direct parallel way, made full use of the fast response characteristic of super capacitor, when fuel battery passenger car starting, acceleration, climbing etc. need high-power response, the super capacitor outgoing current is big, response is fast, more than the fuel battery engines horsepower output, just in time remedy the slow weakness of fuel cell dynamic response, and do not needed artificial control.As shown in Figure 2,1 is fuel battery engines, and 2 is diode, and 3 is super capacitor, and 4 is electric machine controller, and 5 is load motor.Among Fig. 2, flow into the electric current I of motor, fuel battery engines outgoing current Ifc, super capacitor outgoing current Ic, wherein, I=Ic+Ifc.Shown in Fig. 3～5, at a period of time T
1In, the working current curve M (I) of load motor is that the working current curve C (I) of super capacitor and the working current curve FC (I) of fuel battery engines are formed by stacking just.Fuel battery engines voltage descends during loading, the super capacitor outgoing current, and fuel battery engines voltage rises during off-load, and to super capacitor charging, fully naturally fast finish rapidly by this process for fuel battery engines.Also having a characteristic is that bus voltage can not suddenlyd change, and grid stability is good, can be so that the fuel battery city carriage operation be more stable, and the also easier control operation of passenger vehicle.
Fuel cells applications is on city bus, and the power system of mixing with super capacitor with above-mentioned fuel battery engines drives, and has following characteristics:
When fuel battery city carriage starts, climbs or quickens, because the response time of super capacitor is fast, the current ratio fuel cell of emitting is many greatly, the horsepower output of super capacitor has just been avoided the load shock of the heavy-current discharge formation of fuel battery engines when startup, climbing or flat-out acceleration in this case greater than the horsepower output of fuel cell.
When fuel battery city carriage brake, deceleration, descending or when stopping, and super capacitor voltage has been reduced in the 400V, and forming fuel battery engines is the super capacitor makeup energy automatically.This additional process is an automated procedure, by super capacitor and whose height of fuel battery engines voltage, who lowly determines whether replenishing.When super capacitor and fuel cell idling output voltage 480V, prove that fuel battery engines finishes to the charging of super capacitor.Along with charging is constantly carried out, the voltage of fuel battery engines output voltage and super capacitor is just constantly approaching.Finally, the voltage of exporting during the idling of super capacitor and fuel battery engines is identical.
Claims (5)
1. power system that fuel battery engines mixes with super capacitor, it is characterized in that, comprise fuel battery engines, super capacitor, diode, electric machine controller, load motor, described fuel battery engines and super capacitor directly are connected in parallel, the electric current output of this circuit parallel, input end are connected with electric current input, the mouth of load motor by electric machine controller, and described diode is located at the current output terminal of fuel battery engines; Output voltage is designed to equate with the super capacitor firing potential during described fuel battery engines idling; The rated current of described fuel battery engines rated operational voltage output drives the load motor except satisfying, the part electric current can also be charged into super capacitor, this moment, the operating voltage of super capacitor finally equated with fuel cell idling voltage along with process of charging constantly rises.
2. the power system that a kind of fuel battery engines according to claim 1 mixes with super capacitor is characterized in that, also comprises contactor controller, and this contactor controller and super capacitor are connected in series.
3. the power system that a kind of fuel battery engines according to claim 2 mixes with super capacitor is characterized in that, also comprises resistance, is connected in series with super capacitor after this resistance and the contactor controller parallel connection.
4. the power system of mixing with super capacitor according to claim 2 or 3 described a kind of fuel battery engines, it is characterized in that, described load motor is taked counter-rotating and is produced counter electromotive force when vehicle brake, this moment, load motor charged to super capacitor with the contactor controller closure.
5. the power system that a kind of fuel battery engines according to claim 1 mixes with super capacitor is characterized in that, also comprises control setup, and control signal is collected and sent to this control setup by the CAN bus to power system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2005200478560U CN2913083Y (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2005-12-22 | Mixed Power system of fuel battery engine and super capacity |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2005200478560U CN2913083Y (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2005-12-22 | Mixed Power system of fuel battery engine and super capacity |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2913083Y true CN2913083Y (en) | 2007-06-20 |
Family
ID=38167683
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2005200478560U Expired - Fee Related CN2913083Y (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2005-12-22 | Mixed Power system of fuel battery engine and super capacity |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2913083Y (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1988319B (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2011-05-04 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell engine and super grade capacitance mixed power system |
| CN102501778A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-06-20 | 湖南南车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | Extended-range electric vehicle energy distribution method based on dual-voltage composite energy storage system |
| CN102576613A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2012-07-11 | Oc欧瑞康巴尔斯公司 | Fuel cell/ supercapacitor/ battery power system for vehicular propulsion |
| CN106541846A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-03-29 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | A kind of electric vehicle and its set of cells |
-
2005
- 2005-12-22 CN CNU2005200478560U patent/CN2913083Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1988319B (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2011-05-04 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell engine and super grade capacitance mixed power system |
| CN102576613A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2012-07-11 | Oc欧瑞康巴尔斯公司 | Fuel cell/ supercapacitor/ battery power system for vehicular propulsion |
| CN102576613B (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2014-08-27 | Oc欧瑞康巴尔斯公司 | Fuel cell/ supercapacitor/ battery power system for vehicular propulsion |
| CN102501778A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-06-20 | 湖南南车时代电动汽车股份有限公司 | Extended-range electric vehicle energy distribution method based on dual-voltage composite energy storage system |
| CN106541846A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-03-29 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | A kind of electric vehicle and its set of cells |
| CN106541846B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2019-08-20 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | A kind of electric vehicle and its battery pack |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20070620 Termination date: 20111222 |