CN100415562C - Actuating device of fuel cell electric vehicle - Google Patents
Actuating device of fuel cell electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN100415562C CN100415562C CNB200410067709XA CN200410067709A CN100415562C CN 100415562 C CN100415562 C CN 100415562C CN B200410067709X A CNB200410067709X A CN B200410067709XA CN 200410067709 A CN200410067709 A CN 200410067709A CN 100415562 C CN100415562 C CN 100415562C
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000034423 Delivery Diseases 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an actuating device of a fuel cell electric vehicle, which comprises a fuel cell, a DC-DC changer, a drive motor, a foot pedal, a vehicle speed controller and a current sensor, wherein the voltage and the current output by the fuel cell directly drive the drive motor after stabilized respectively by the DC-DC changer. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the characteristics of small power consumption, small volume, high reliability, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell, relate in particular to a kind of actuating device of fuel cell electric vehicle.
Background technology
Electrochemical fuel cell is a kind of device that hydrogen and oxidizer can be changed into electric energy and resultant of reaction.The internal core parts of this device are membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly are called for short MEA), and membrane electrode (MEA) is made up of as carbon paper a PEM, two porous conductive materials of film two sides folder.The catalyst that contains the initiation electrochemical reaction of even tiny dispersion on two boundary surfaces of film and carbon paper is as the metal platinum catalyst.The membrane electrode both sides can electrochemistry will take place with conductive body to be sent out and answers the electronics that generates in the process, draws by external circuit, constitutes current return.
At the anode tap of membrane electrode, fuel can pass porosity diffusion material (carbon paper) by infiltration, and electrochemical reaction takes place on catalyst surface, lose electronics, form positive ion, positive ion can pass PEM by migration, arrives the other end cathode terminal of membrane electrode.At the cathode terminal of membrane electrode, contain the gas of oxidizer (as oxygen), as air, pass porosity diffusion material (carbon paper), and the generation electrochemical reaction obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms negative ion by infiltration.The positive ion of coming in the anion and the anode tap migration of cathode terminal formation reacts, and forms resultant of reaction.
Adopting hydrogen is fuel, and the air that contains oxygen is in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of oxidizer (or pure oxygen is an oxidizer), and fuel hydrogen has just produced hydrogen positive ion (or being proton) in the catalytic electrochemical reaction of positive column.PEM helps the hydrogen positive ion to move to cathode region from the positive column.In addition, PEM is separated the air-flow and the oxygen air-flow of hydrogen fuel, they can not mixed mutually and produces explosive type reaction.
At cathode region, oxygen obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms negative ion, and moves the hydrogen positive ion reaction of coming, reaction of formation product water with the positive column.In the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that adopts hydrogen, air (oxygen), anode reaction and cathode reaction can be expressed in order to following equation:
Anode reaction: H
2→ 2H
++ 2e
Cathode reaction: 1/2O
2+ 2H
++ 2e → H
2O
In the representative type Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, membrane electrode (MEA) generally all is placed in the middle of the pole plate of two conductions, and quarter is milled by die casting, punching press or machinery in the surface that every guide plate contacts with membrane electrode, forms the flame diversion trough of one or more at least.These guide plates can above metallic material pole plate, also can be the pole plate of graphite material.Fluid duct on these guide plates and flame diversion trough import fuel and oxidizer the positive column and the cathode region on membrane electrode both sides respectively.In the structure of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells monocell, only there is a membrane electrode, the membrane electrode both sides are respectively the deflecting plate of anode fuel and the deflecting plate of cathode oxidant.These deflecting plates are both as current collector plate, and also as the mechanical support on membrane electrode both sides, the flame diversion trough on the deflecting plate acts as a fuel again and enters the passage of anode, cathode surface with oxidizer, and as the passage of taking away the water that generates in the fuel cell operation process.
In order to increase the gross horsepower of whole Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, two or more monocells can be connected into battery pack or be unified into battery pack by the mode that tiles usually by straight folded mode.In straight folded, in-line battery pack, can there be flame diversion trough on the two sides of a pole plate, and wherein one side can be used as the anode guide face of a membrane electrode, and another side can be used as the cathode diversion face of another adjacent membranes electrode, and this pole plate is called bipolar plates.A series of monocell connects together by certain way and forms a battery pack.Battery pack tightens together by front end-plate, lower back panel and pull bar usually and becomes one.
A typical battery stack generally includes: the water conservancy diversion import and the flow-guiding channel of (1) fuel and oxidant gas are distributed to fuel (hydrogen-rich gas that obtains as hydrogen, methyl alcohol or methyl alcohol, natural fuels, gasoline) and oxidizer (mainly being oxygen or air) in the flame diversion trough of each anode, cathode plane equably after reforming; (2) import and export and the flow-guiding channel of cooling fluid (as water) are evenly distributed to cooling fluid in each battery pack inner cooling channel, and the heat absorption that hydrogen in the fuel cell, the exothermal reaction of oxygen electrochemistry are generated is also taken battery pack out of and dispelled the heat; (3) outlet of fuel and oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel, fuel gas and oxidant gas are when discharging, and portability goes out the liquid that generates in the fuel cell, the water of steam state.Usually, the import and export of all fuel, oxidizer, cooling fluid are all opened on the end plate of fuel cells or on two end plates.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can be used as the power system of means of deliverys such as car, ship, can be used as movable type, fixed power generation assembly again.
When Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can be used as car, ship power system or movable type and stationary power generation station, must comprise battery pile, fuel hydrogen supply system, air supply subsystem, cooling heat dissipation subsystem, automatic guidance and electric energy output various piece.
For example, Fig. 1 is a kind of representative type fuel cell generation, and 1 is fuel cell pack in Fig. 1,2 are storage hydrogen bottle or other hydrogen-storing devices, 3 is reducing valve, and 4 is air-filtering arrangement, and 5 is the air compression feeding mechanism, 6 ', 6 is Water-vapor seperator, 7 is water tank, and 8 is the cooling fluid circulation pump, and 9 is radiator, 10 is the hydrogen circulation pump, and 11,12 is hydrogen, air humidification device.
The fuel cell power generation principle is actually in the fuel cell hydrogen fuel and generates water with supply airborne oxygen chemical combination to fuel cell, and this chemical reaction process is the process that most of chemical power changes into electric energy.So the speed of fuel cell power generation is subjected to the influence of many factors:
1. supply the speed and the sufficiency of hydrogen fuel, air to fuel cell;
2. the speed of hydrogen, the electrode diffusion of airborne oxygen in fuel cell;
3. hydrogen, the airborne oxygen catalytic reaction speed in electrode;
Above-mentioned 3 generating capacity designs with fuel cell itself are relevant.
In general, become the power condition situations, or the user of fuel cell power generation station supply requires the response of fuel cell output power also to change when becoming situation such as loading thereupon when fuel cell electric vehicle starting, acceleration etc. occurring.
Though the promptly generating capacity of the design of fuel cell output rating own generally all can satisfy as vehicle-mounted propulsion source, or the requirement of power house maximum power requirement, when but fuel cell changes at horsepower output, because above-mentioned three kinds of polarity effects of fuel cell itself cause output voltage also to have greatly changed.In general, fuel battery power output increases along with the increase of electric current output.Representative type is a kind of to be 10KW fuel cell volt-ampere-power delivery curve, as shown in Figure 2.A kind of typical volt-ampere-power output curve diagram of 10KW fuel cell generation this shows, fuel cell generation is as a kind of power supply of vehicle-mounted propulsion source, and when power output changed, the change of voltage of its output was bigger.
So when at present fuel cell generation being used as the power supply of vehicle-mounted propulsion source, its drive system often needs a kind of dc-dc conversion stable-pressure device, Fig. 3 is for being the drive system of electric motor vehicle schematic diagram of electrical source of power with general fuel cell.Among Fig. 3,100 are fuel cell generation (electric current, voltage are exported by both positive and negative polarity), and 20 is first dc-dc conversion stable-pressure device, and 30 is the speed of a motor vehicle controller of battery-driven car CD-ROM drive motor, and 40 is the battery-driven car CD-ROM drive motor, and 50 is stretcher.
Above-mentioned drive system of electric motor vehicle is mainly by electrical source of power--fuel cell generation 100 horsepower outputs, because the output voltage of fuel cell generation alters a great deal with the increase of electric current, earlier through first dc-dc conversion device 20 (DC/DC) buck or boost voltage stabilizing, and by the speed of a motor vehicle of chaufeur to the power demand control battery-driven car CD-ROM drive motor of stretcher 50,40 operations of controller drives battery-driven car CD-ROM drive motor.
Above-mentioned drive system of electric motor vehicle has following technological deficiency:
1.20,30 all be a kind of voltage regulator, each all has bigger watt loss, thereby the energy conversion efficiency of whole drive system is reduced;
2.20,30 each device are all expensive, and have occupied bigger space, weight;
3.20, the reliability of 30 each device, stability be all limited.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the actuating device that the fuel cell electric vehicle that a kind of power consumption is little, volume is little, reliability is high is provided for the defective that overcomes above-mentioned prior art existence.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of actuating device of fuel cell electric vehicle, comprise fuel cell, dc-dc conversion device, CD-ROM drive motor, stretcher, it is characterized in that, also comprise speed of a motor vehicle controller, current sensor, voltage and electric current direct drive CD-ROM drive motor behind dc-dc conversion device voltage stabilization and current stabilization of described fuel cell output.
Described stretcher receives steering instructions and by the speed of a motor vehicle controller weak electric signal is transferred to the dc-dc conversion device, and controls its voltage and electric current output direct drive CD-ROM drive motor.
Described weak electric signal comprises the transducing signal from current sensor and stretcher.
The output voltage of described fuel cell is 100V～60V, and electric current is 0A～165A.
The input voltage of described dc-dc conversion device is 100V～60V, and output voltage is 0V～60V.
Principle of work of the present invention as shown in Figure 4, this electric drive system is mainly by electrical source of power fuel cell generation 100 horsepower outputs, because the output voltage of fuel cell generation alters a great deal with the increase of electric current, adopt a kind of dc-dc conversion device (DC-DC) that can adapt to fully between fuel cell output maximum voltage (during minimum current) and minimum voltage (during maximum current) scope to come direct drive battery-driven car CD-ROM drive motor 40.Chaufeur transmits by the speed of a motor vehicle controller steering instructions by stretcher 50 and controls 20 voltage output with weak electric signal (from the transducing signal of current sensor and stretcher), and direct drive master electric motor 40.
Compared with prior art, technical solution of the present invention has following advantage:
1. new drive system of electric motor vehicle power circuit has reduced by a voltage conversion device, has reduced power from loss;
2. the power circuit of drive system has reduced by a power device that volume and weight is bigger, the substitute is the speed of a motor vehicle controller 4 of a volume, the conversion of weight is less and the charge is small weak electric signal;
3. drive system power circuit (forceful electric power circuit) has reduced by a power device, has increased reliability.Adopted a signal converter spare--speed of a motor vehicle controller at the light current circuit, the battery-driven car whole reliability is increased.
4. speed of a motor vehicle controller can be subjected to stretcher, current sensor signal while or the control that intersects in the time of U 2 (power device) control horsepower output size.Sometimes stretcher is stepped on too suddenly, and speed of a motor vehicle controller will be subjected to the control of current sensor, can control the power of fuel cell generation output so more reposefully.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing fuel cell generation;
Fig. 2 is existing 10KW fuel cell volt-ampere-power output curve diagram;
Fig. 3 is the drive system of electric motor vehicle structural representation of propulsion source for having now with the fuel cell;
Fig. 4 is a structural representation of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment
As Fig. 4 and in conjunction with shown in Figure 3, a kind of actuating device of fuel cell electric vehicle, comprise fuel cell 100, dc-dc conversion device 20, CD-ROM drive motor 40, stretcher 50, speed of a motor vehicle controller 60, current sensor 70, voltage and electric current direct drive CD-ROM drive motor 40 behind dc-dc conversion device 20 voltage stabilization and current stabilizations of described fuel cell 100 outputs.Described stretcher 50 receives steering instructions and by speed of a motor vehicle controller 60 weak electric signal is transferred to dc-dc conversion device 20, and controls its voltage and electric current output direct drive CD-ROM drive motor 40.Described weak electric signal comprises from the transducing signal of current sensor 70 with stretcher 50.
Specifically, present embodiment is a kind ofly to be formed the ground fuel cell pack and supported the 10KW fuel cell generation that operational system constitutes by 100 monocells, as being the Sightseeing Trolley of power with the fuel cell.The drive system of this battery-driven car as shown in Figure 4.
The output voltage range of fuel cell generation is 100V～60V, range of current is 0V～165A, it is 100V～60V that a kind of input voltage range is arranged on the main driving circuit, and output voltage range is the DC-to-DC voltage conversion device 20 of 0V～60V, and direct drive drive motor master motor 40.
Light current control part in the actuating device is passed on driver command by stretcher 5, and by the size of a current sensor 70 monitor fuel cell power generating systems 100 outgoing currents, these two kinds of sensors can be separately converted to drive signal, control speed of a motor vehicle controller 60, speed of a motor vehicle controller 60 will allow at correct fuel cell generation outgoing current to advance the speed and the prerequisite of magnitude range under, convert drive signal to control voltage output signal to power device 20, and the rotating speed of while controlling and driving motor 40 or the purpose of twisting moment are controlled in voltage (60V～0V direct current) output that reaches 20.
CD-ROM drive motor is the DC series excitation motor of a kind of rated voltage 60V, and rating horsepower is 5KW, and peak power is 10KW.
Claims (3)
1. the actuating device of a fuel cell electric vehicle, comprise fuel cell, dc-dc conversion device, CD-ROM drive motor, stretcher, it is characterized in that, also comprise speed of a motor vehicle controller, current sensor, voltage and electric current direct drive CD-ROM drive motor behind dc-dc conversion device voltage stabilization and current stabilization of described fuel cell output; Described stretcher receives steering instructions and by the speed of a motor vehicle controller weak electric signal is transferred to the dc-dc conversion device, and controls its voltage and electric current output direct drive CD-ROM drive motor; Described weak electric signal comprises the transducing signal from current sensor and stretcher.
2. the actuating device of fuel cell electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the output voltage of described fuel cell is 100V～60V, and electric current is 0A～165A.
3. the actuating device of fuel cell electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the input voltage of described dc-dc conversion device is 100V～60V, and output voltage is 0V～60V.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410067709XA CN100415562C (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2004-11-02 | Actuating device of fuel cell electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410067709XA CN100415562C (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2004-11-02 | Actuating device of fuel cell electric vehicle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1769094A CN1769094A (en) | 2006-05-10 |
| CN100415562C true CN100415562C (en) | 2008-09-03 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200410067709XA Active CN100415562C (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2004-11-02 | Actuating device of fuel cell electric vehicle |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101117095B (en) * | 2006-08-03 | 2010-10-13 | 上海攀业氢能源科技有限公司 | Power control system of the fuel cell electric two-wheel vehicle |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1346759A (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2002-05-01 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Electric power output control system for electric vehicle with combined fuel battery |
| CN1352484A (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2002-06-05 | 北京机电研究所 | Voltage converter for electric automobile fuel battery unit |
| CN1533621A (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2004-09-29 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| EP1470963A2 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-10-27 | Webasto AG | Electrical supply network comprising a fuel cell and method for operating electrical loads in such a network |
| CN2750946Y (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2006-01-11 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Driving means of electric vehicle with fuel battery |
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2004
- 2004-11-02 CN CNB200410067709XA patent/CN100415562C/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1346759A (en) * | 2001-10-25 | 2002-05-01 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Electric power output control system for electric vehicle with combined fuel battery |
| CN1352484A (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2002-06-05 | 北京机电研究所 | Voltage converter for electric automobile fuel battery unit |
| CN1533621A (en) * | 2002-02-22 | 2004-09-29 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| EP1470963A2 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2004-10-27 | Webasto AG | Electrical supply network comprising a fuel cell and method for operating electrical loads in such a network |
| CN2750946Y (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2006-01-11 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Driving means of electric vehicle with fuel battery |
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| CN1769094A (en) | 2006-05-10 |
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Owner name: SHANGHAI SHEN-LI HIGH TECH. CO., LTD. STATE GRID C Effective date: 20121214 Owner name: SHANGHAI MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SHANGHAI SHEN-LI HIGH TECH. CO., LTD. Effective date: 20121214 |
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Effective date of registration: 20121214 Address after: 200122 Shanghai City, Pudong New Area source deep road, No. 1122 Patentee after: Shanghai Electric Power Corporation Patentee after: Shanghai Shen-Li High Tech Co., Ltd. Patentee after: State Grid Corporation of China Address before: 201401, Shanghai Industrial Development Zone, dragon Yang Industrial Park, an international 27 Patentee before: Shanghai Shen-Li High Tech Co., Ltd. |