CN2877275Y - Drainage water percolation means and drainage infiltrating irrigation equipment device - Google Patents
Drainage water percolation means and drainage infiltrating irrigation equipment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN2877275Y CN2877275Y CN 200520014561 CN200520014561U CN2877275Y CN 2877275 Y CN2877275 Y CN 2877275Y CN 200520014561 CN200520014561 CN 200520014561 CN 200520014561 U CN200520014561 U CN 200520014561U CN 2877275 Y CN2877275 Y CN 2877275Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a water diversion penetration block and a water diversion filtration irrigation emitter. The water diversion penetration block is provided with a water diversion block with cyclic socket structure for fixing water inlet tube wall and a water penetration block with interlaced and stagnation water flow passages on the surface. The water diversion filtration irrigation emitter is provided with a water diversion penetration block and a conducting filtration irrigation tube closely cased on the water penetration block. The interlaced and stagnation water flow passages are positioned on the surface of the water penetration block. The terminal end of the conducting filtration irrigation tube is provided with one or a plurality of openings. The filtration irrigation method is that: the water diversion block is blocked in the water inlet tube wall; the cutting opening of the conducting filtration irrigation tube is delivered into the plant root region; the liquid enters the filtration irrigation emitter through inlet tube and flows along the water conducting filtration irrigation tube, through the interlaced and stagnation water flow passage on the surface of the water penetration block and permeates into the soil of plant root region. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, directly berried into the plant root soil stratum, good effect, upper root soil evaporation decrease, indefinite planting distance and highland, and no influence on the filtration irrigation emitter.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the agricultural irrigation and uses irrigation device, relates in particular to a kind of drainage infiltration body and drainage irrigation device.
Background technology
The agriculture and forestry water-saving irrigation technique, can be divided three classes: water-saving irrigation on the ground (for example sprinkling irrigation), face of land water-saving irrigation (for example drip irrigation, infiltrating irrigation, perhaps so the drip irrigation under the film, infiltrating irrigation), and underground water-saving irrigation (for example sub-irrigation band irrigation, the irrigation of infiltrating irrigation head, the irrigation of infiltrating irrigation rope, the irrigation of infiltrating irrigation jar etc.).
The infiltrating irrigation on the face of land, drip irrigation appliance are usually used in underground, underground filtration irrigation device and also are usually used in the face of land.
Underground filtration irrigation device is used for the face of land, does not generally have the technical problem of effective operation, but has the efficiency of cost and water saving.
The drip irrigation filtration irrigation device on the face of land is used for underground, all exists silt obstruction and root system of plant to the blockage problem of aquatic length to the infiltration hole.
Sub-irrigation for the water-saving irrigation on ground, the face of land, has the advantage of huge minimizing evaporation.Particularly for the plant of perennial dark root system, the water droplet of face of land water-saving irrigation evaporates in the process of infiltrating the root system of plant soil layer in a large number, and the water saving efficiency of irrigation is low.
But the greatest problem of sub-irrigation is silt and the root system of plant blockage problem to the infiltration hole.For addressing this problem a large amount of patents and the technology of having produced.These patents and technology keep time of nonclogging state that the long weak point that has is arranged, and work progress is in distress to be had easily, to the adaptability of the requirement of the plant strain distance and the root system degree of depth have have by force a little less than, for the applicability of hillside fields subsurface irrigation have have by force a little less than, it is low that the cost of device has height to have.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of drainage infiltration body and drainage irrigation device.
Drainage infiltration body has drainage body and infiltration body, and the drainage body has drainage head, drainage neck, positioning convex ring, and anticreep leakproof bulge loop; Be provided with sluice way in the drainage body; The infiltration surface is provided with the staggered passage that remains in a standstill, and the external envelope profile of described anticreep leakproof bulge loop and infiltration body is a cylinder, or oval cylinder, or the polygon cylinder, or fillet polygon cylinder.
The drainage irrigation device has drainage infiltration body, and closely is enclosed within the water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe on infiltration body and the anticreep leakproof bulge loop.
Described drainage infiltration body has drainage body and infiltration body, and the drainage body has drainage head, drainage neck, positioning convex ring, and anticreep leakproof bulge loop; The surface of infiltration body is provided with the staggered passage that remains in a standstill.
The surface of infiltration body is provided with the staggered passage that remains in a standstill; The external envelope profile of infiltration body is a cylinder, or oval cylinder, or the polygon cylinder, or fillet polygon cylinder; The external envelope profile of anticreep leakproof bulge loop is consistent with the infiltration body; The passage of described staggered viscous flow is provided with the staggered viscous flow projection that stretches to the runner center line from runner two side group banks, point on the runner center line equates to the distance of runner two side group banks, described viscous flow projection be shaped as zigzag, triangle, double-edged sword head type shape, rectangular-shaped, trapezoidal shape or circular-arc in one or more combination or synthetic.
The staggered passage that remains in a standstill is looped around on the surface of infiltration column type body, the axis oblique of runner center line or its tangent line and column type infiltration body, be that its antarafacial angle is greater than or less than 90 degree, or with the axis quadrature of column type infiltration body, be that its antarafacial angle equals 90 degree, the latter's runner center line around the infiltration body near when week, be shifted to the water side; Perhaps, the passage of described staggered viscous flow comes and goes the inferior or even number of odd number along the axis direction of infiltration cylinder, come and go the passage of the inferior staggered viscous flow of even number, also be provided with the straight line penstock, this penstock be located at the infiltration body the surface or the infiltration body body in, perhaps, sluice way reaches infiltration body afterbody always, guide the surface of infiltration body into from afterbody, and begin to arrange staggered viscous flow passage, come and go the inferior staggered viscous flow passage of even number and get back to afterbody from the surface of afterbody; Begin to arrange the staggered passage that remains in a standstill and come and go odd number time from afterbody, the straight line penstock is set, guide to afterbody on the surface of infiltration body.The water side of water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe has one or multi-channel otch.
The utility model has the advantages that: simple in structure, easy for installation, irrigation liquid is directly sent into the root system of plant soil layer, irrigation effect is good, from the evaporation loss of root system of plant upper layer of soil is that moisture is few, solved the large quantity of moisture evaporation problem of open-air surface irrigation (comprising sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation, infiltrating irrigation) effectively, fundamentally solved simultaneously the blockage problem of the outside silt of sub-irrigation device, and the blockage problem of the irrigation device that caused of plant root growth hydrotropism.Simultaneously, can be applicable to the sub-irrigation requirement of adventive distance neatly; Setting by the staggered passage different length that remains in a standstill on the infiltration scapus face is applicable to the requirement of the sub-irrigation in hillside fields (for example mountain region); Certainly, the drainage irrigation device also can be used for drip surface, as long as the length of corresponding water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe is longer than the infiltration body slightly.It can be widely used in water saving irrigation fields such as agricultural, forestry.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a drainage irrigation device structural representation;
Fig. 2 is a drainage infiltration body structure schematic diagram of forming the drainage irrigation device;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of center line and infiltration body axis orthohormbic structure of the passage of staggered viscous flow of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 be drainage of the present utility model ooze the pipe device the drainage head be the schematic diagram of cutting a round platform;
Fig. 5 is from the staggered viscous flow projection shape schematic diagram that stretches to the runner center line of runner two side group banks on the infiltration scapus face of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of a section of drainage infiltration body of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 is that the drainage irrigation device is inserted in the schematic diagram on the water pipe.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of a kind of implementation method of the present utility model;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the two infiltration of drainage body;
Figure 10 is drainage three infiltration body schematic diagrames;
Figure 11 is drainage four infiltration body schematic three dimensional views.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the drainage irrigation device has water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe 1 and drainage infiltration body 2; Has one or multi-channel otch 15 at water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe afterbody; Be provided with the staggered passage 9 that remains in a standstill on the surface of infiltration body 8.
As shown in Figure 2, the anticreep leakproof bulge loop 6 of drainage infiltration body and the external envelope profile of infiltration body 8 are cylinder, or oval cylinder, or the polygon cylinder, or fillet polygon cylinder.The staggered passage 9 that remains in a standstill is provided with the staggered viscous flow projection 11 that stretches to the runner center line from runner two side group banks 10, and the point on the runner center line equates to the distance of runner two side group banks 10.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, drainage infiltration body 2 is made up of three sections structures that fuse: A section and B section are formed the drainage body, and the C section is formed the infiltration body.The A section comprises drainage 3, drainage neck 4 and positioning convex ring 5.The B section has anticreep leakproof bulge loop 6, and the figure of facing of single anticreep leakproof bulge loop 6 is trapezoidal or rectangle, and the front view of different anticreep leakproof bulge loops can be different.Anticreep leakproof bulge loop is one or multiple tracks.The C section is the infiltration body.The profile of the cross section of A section is circular, and the cross section of B section bulge loop is consistent with the cross section of C section, and its outline is circular, or oval, or limit shape, or the fillet polygon; Wherein, circle has superiority most.Inside in A section and B section is provided with sluice way 7.Sluice way 7 turns to below B section anticreep leakproof bulge loop 6, guides the infiltration surface into, is communicated with the staggered viscous flow passage 9 of C section.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, the external envelope profile of the drainage of drainage infiltration body 3 is circular platform types, and its longitudinal section is trapezoidal, and perhaps, for cutting a circular platform type, its longitudinal section is that top rake is trapezoidal; Perhaps, have drainage trough 17 at the top of drainage 3; The cross section of drainage trough 17 is half rectangle, or V-arrangement, or the circle arc bottom; Wherein, cut a round platform and be provided with drainage trough and have superiority most.
The passage 9 of the staggered viscous flow on the infiltration body 8 is arranged on the cylinder of infiltration body 8, and two class modes are arranged:
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3 be around mode, the promptly staggered passage 9 that remains in a standstill is to be looped around on the cylinder of infiltration body 8.
Fig. 4, shown in Figure 7 be parallel mode, the promptly staggered passage 9 that remains in a standstill is along on the cylinder of infiltration body 8, the seep water axis of body 8 of the center line of passage 9 and column type is parallel.
Staggered viscous flow passage 9 is looped around dual mode again on infiltration body 8 cylinders:
Fig. 1, oblique mode shown in Figure 2, axis 13 obliques of the center line 12 of the promptly staggered passage that remains in a standstill and column type infiltration body 8, its antarafacial angle is greater than or less than 90 degree, that is to say, the staggered passage 9 that remains in a standstill is to be looped around round and round on the surface of column type infiltration body 8, always around the water side, road.The center line 12 of the passage 9 of spiral helicine staggered viscous flow is left-handed or dextrorotation.
Shown in Figure 3 is orthogonal manner, and the axis of the promptly staggered passage center line 14 that remains in a standstill or its tangent line and column type infiltration body 8 is quadratures, and promptly its antarafacial angle equals 90 degree.The runner center line of this layout will be shifted to the water side when infiltration body 8 is all near one, and the passage 9 that making interlocks remains in a standstill can be around the water side to the infiltration body.
The characteristics of Fig. 4, parallel arrangement shown in Figure 7 are, a end from infiltration body 8 near the drainage body, axis direction at infiltration scapus face upper edge infiltration cylinder is arranged, after being arranged into the other end, before turning back, to change a circumference angle in the fixing direction in the cylinder upper edge of infiltration body, for example 90 spend, and then return initiating terminal at the axis direction of infiltration scapus face upper edge infiltration cylinder, then, change an angle of circumference again, for example 90 degree, along the axis direction of infiltration cylinder, be arranged into the water side again.If the staggered passage 9 that remains in a standstill comes and goes even number on the infiltration damaged surface, just also to arrange the straight line penstock, guide the liquid in the runner into water side, the straight line penstock is located at the surface of infiltration body 8 or in infiltration body 8 bodies.Be located at the straight line penstock in the infiltration body body, must be communicated with the water flowing runner 9 of the staggered viscous flow that turns back to initiating terminal certainly, so just can reach the purpose of the liquid in the runner being guided into the water side; Perhaps, sluice way 7 reaches infiltration body afterbody always, guides the surface of infiltration body 8 into from afterbody, and begins to arrange staggered viscous flow passage 9 from the surface of afterbody, comes and goes the inferior staggered viscous flow passage 9 of even number and gets back to afterbody; Begin to arrange the staggered passage that remains in a standstill 9 and come and go odd numbers time from afterbody, the straight line penstock is set, guide to afterbody on the surface of infiltration body 8.
As shown in Figure 5, viscous flow projection 11 is shaped as one or more combination in zigzag, triangle, double-edged sword head type shape, rectangular-shaped, trapezoidal shape or the circular shape or synthetic.Combination is meant a kind of shape that a part of viscous flow projection 11 adopts wherein, and a part adopts the other shape in addition.The synthetic viscous flow projection 11 that is meant is made up of the part of a shape and the part of another shape itself, and for example, the head of viscous flow projection 11 is circular arcs and below the connector portion be rectangle.
In Fig. 2, Fig. 4, though stretch to the shape of viscous flow projection 11 of runner center line 12 from passage base bank 10 different, all can make liquid in the runner in flowing generation to the swing of two side group banks, thereby play the effect of viscous flow, energy dissipating, decompression.
Shown in Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of a section of drainage infiltration body 2;
Fig. 7 be drainage ooze the pipe device always the side of water pipe insert the schematic diagram of water pipe 16.Drainage the 3 always side of water pipe inserts water pipe 16, comes water wall to be stuck in the groove of being made up of drainage 3, drainage neck 4 and positioning convex ring.Cut a drainage 3 and help smooth and easy drainage.The effect of the drainage trough 17 of drainage head also is to help drainage.
Fig. 8 is an example of drainage irrigation device implementation method.The drainage of drainage irrigation device the 3 always side of water pipe inserts in the water pipe 16, comes water wall to be stuck in the groove of being made up of drainage 3, drainage neck 4 and positioning convex ring as shown in Figure 7.Come water pipe 16 can be laid on the face of land, can put down be embedded in underground, can also the water arm is unsettled hangs up coming in greenhouse.An end of cutting opening 15 of drainage irrigation device is sent into the root system of plant zone.When irrigation water or liquid fertilizer, after always water pipe is introduced the drainage irrigation device, ooze the interior sluice way of body through drainage, enter the staggered water flowing runner 9 that remains in a standstill in infiltration body 8 surfaces, the energy dissipating of reducing pressure, flow into an end of cutting opening 15 of water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe 1 again, infiltrate the soil in root system of plant district, reach and implement the precisely purpose of irrigation.Simultaneously, because infiltration body 8 can directly not contact with soil away from the end with otch 15 of water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe, does not therefore exist by outside silt blocking problem, simultaneously, can do not stopped up, though, (the earth's core) property is entad also arranged simultaneously because the growth of root system of plant has the hydrotropism by the growth of root system of plant yet, the president is not apart from the upwards growth of contrary the earth's core, ground, therefore, root system of plant can not grow into the position of infiltration body against the earth's core, and infiltration body seepage mouth is stopped up.This is the insoluble problems of other many technical schemes.
When construction, the end that is in the water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe 1 in root system of plant zone may have silt (earth) and enter, and still can not enter on the infiltration body 8 away from water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe end, thereby can not form the situation that silt stops up infiltration body delivery port.But, the silt that enters the end of water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe in construction but may slow down the speed that liquid in the water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe is seeped into plant root, therefore, also have an important design to be in the utility model: the water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe end at irrigation device has together or some opennings, in time is seeped into plant roots to guarantee the liquid in the water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the two infiltration of drainage body; Its flow guiding structure is identical with the front, just is provided with two infiltration bodies, therefore needs to put water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe respectively on two infiltration bodies, could form drainage and ooze the pipe device.
Figure 10 is drainage three infiltration body schematic diagrames, and is same, need put water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe on three infiltration bodies and could form the drainage irrigation device.
Figure 11 is drainage four infiltration body schematic three dimensional views.
When on mountain region or acclive soil, using the utility model, adopt the length that changes infiltration body 8, change the effect size of the energy dissipating decompression of infiltration body 8, to adapt to the variation of soil different gradient, reach when on the mountain region, using the purpose that the terminal water yield that flows out of water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe equates substantially.
Drainage irrigation device of the present utility model also can be used for drip surface, infiltrating irrigation.Being enclosed within on the infiltration body 8.It has not susceptible to plugging advantage equally.
Claims (9)
1. a drainage infiltration body is characterized in that, drainage infiltration body (2) has drainage body and infiltration body (8), and the drainage body has drainage head (3), drainage neck (4), positioning convex ring (5), and anticreep leakproof bulge loop (6); Be provided with sluice way (7) in the drainage body; Infiltration body (8) surface is provided with the staggered passage (9) that remains in a standstill, and the external envelope profile of described anticreep leakproof bulge loop (6) and infiltration body (8) is a cylinder, or oval cylinder, or the polygon cylinder, or fillet polygon cylinder.
2. a kind of drainage infiltration body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described drainage head (3) external envelope profile is a circular platform type, its longitudinal section is trapezoidal, perhaps the outline of drainage head (3) is for cutting a circular platform type, its longitudinal section is that top rake is trapezoidal, or the top of drainage head (3) has drainage trough (17); Anticreep leakproof bulge loop (6) is provided with one or multi-channel, and the front view of anticreep leakproof bulge loop (6) is trapezoidal or rectangle or both combinations; The shape of the cross section of anticreep leakproof bulge loop (6) is consistent with the cross section of infiltration body (8); The inside of forming drainage head (3), drainage neck (4), positioning convex ring (5) and the anticreep leakproof bulge loop (6) of drainage body is provided with sluice way (7).
3. a kind of drainage infiltration body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the passage (9) of the staggered viscous flow of described infiltration body (8) is provided with the staggered viscous flow projection (11) that stretches to runner center line (12) from runner two side group banks (10), point on the runner center line equates to the distance of runner two side group banks (10), described viscous flow projection (11) be shaped as zigzag, triangle, double-edged sword head type shape, rectangular-shaped, trapezoidal shape or circular-arc in one or more combination or synthetic.
4. a kind of drainage infiltration body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the passage (9) of the staggered viscous flow of described infiltration body (8) is looped around on the surface of infiltration column type body (8), axis (13) oblique of runner center line (12) or its tangent line and column type infiltration body (8), be that its antarafacial angle is greater than or less than 90 degree, or with axis (13) quadrature of column type infiltration body (8), be that its antarafacial angle equals 90 degree, the latter's runner center line (14) around infiltration body (8) near when week, be shifted to the water side; Perhaps, the passage of described staggered viscous flow (9) comes and goes the inferior or even number of odd number along the axis direction of infiltration cylinder, come and go the passage (9) of the staggered viscous flow of even number time, also be provided with the straight line penstock, this penstock is located at the surface of infiltration body (8) or in the body of infiltration body (8); Perhaps, sluice way (7) reaches infiltration body afterbody always, guides the surface of infiltration body (8) into from afterbody, and begins to arrange staggered viscous flow passage (9) from the surface of afterbody, comes and goes the inferior staggered viscous flow passage (9) of even number and gets back to afterbody; Begin to arrange the staggered passage (9) that remains in a standstill and come and go odd number time from afterbody, the straight line penstock is set, guide to afterbody on the surface of infiltration body (8).
5. a drainage irrigation device that uses the infiltration of drainage according to claim 1 body is characterized in that it has drainage infiltration body (2), and closely is enclosed within the water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe (1) on infiltration body (8) and the anticreep leakproof bulge loop (6).
6. a kind of drainage irrigation device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described drainage infiltration body (2) has drainage body and infiltration body (8), and the drainage body has drainage head (3), drainage neck (4), positioning convex ring (5), and anticreep leakproof bulge loop (6); The surface of infiltration body (8) is provided with the staggered passage (9) that remains in a standstill.
7. a kind of drainage irrigation device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the surface of described infiltration body (8) is provided with the staggered passage (9) that remains in a standstill; The external envelope profile of infiltration body (8) is a cylinder, or oval cylinder, or the polygon cylinder, or fillet polygon cylinder; The external envelope profile of anticreep leakproof bulge loop (6) is consistent with infiltration body (8); The passage of described staggered viscous flow (9) is provided with the staggered viscous flow projection (11) that stretches to runner center line (12) from runner two side group banks (10), point on the runner center line equates to the distance of runner two side group banks (10), described viscous flow projection (11) be shaped as zigzag, triangle, double-edged sword head type shape, rectangular-shaped, trapezoidal shape or circular-arc in one or more combination or synthetic.
8. a kind of drainage irrigation device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the passage of described staggered viscous flow (9) is looped around on the surface of infiltration column type body (8), axis (13) oblique of runner center line (12) or its tangent line and column type infiltration body (8), be that its antarafacial angle is greater than or less than 90 degree, or with axis (13) quadrature of column type infiltration body (8), promptly its antarafacial angle equals 90 degree, the latter's runner center line (14) around infiltration body (8) near when week, be shifted to the water side; Perhaps, the passage of described staggered viscous flow (9) comes and goes the inferior or even number of odd number along the axis direction of infiltration cylinder, come and go the passage (9) of the inferior staggered viscous flow of even number, also be provided with the straight line penstock, this penstock be located at the infiltration body (8) the surface or the infiltration body (8) body in, perhaps, sluice way (7) reaches infiltration body afterbody always, guide the surface of infiltration body (8) into from afterbody, and beginning to arrange staggered viscous flow passage (9) from the surface of afterbody, the staggered viscous flow passage (9) that comes and goes even number time is got back to afterbody; Begin to arrange the staggered passage (9) that remains in a standstill and come and go odd number time from afterbody, the straight line penstock is set, guide to afterbody on the surface of infiltration body (8).
9. a kind of drainage irrigation device according to claim 5 is characterized in that the water side of described water guide infiltrating irrigation pipe (1) has one or multi-channel otch (15).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520014561 CN2877275Y (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2005-09-01 | Drainage water percolation means and drainage infiltrating irrigation equipment device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520014561 CN2877275Y (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2005-09-01 | Drainage water percolation means and drainage infiltrating irrigation equipment device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN2877275Y true CN2877275Y (en) | 2007-03-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 200520014561 Expired - Lifetime CN2877275Y (en) | 2005-09-01 | 2005-09-01 | Drainage water percolation means and drainage infiltrating irrigation equipment device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100372458C (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2008-03-05 | 马庆国 | Flow-conducting water-seeping device, flow-conducting subirrigation device and subirrigation method |
| CN107493936A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-22 | 道真自治县百草谷旅游和农业开发有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of the red sage root |
-
2005
- 2005-09-01 CN CN 200520014561 patent/CN2877275Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100372458C (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2008-03-05 | 马庆国 | Flow-conducting water-seeping device, flow-conducting subirrigation device and subirrigation method |
| CN107493936A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-22 | 道真自治县百草谷旅游和农业开发有限责任公司 | A kind of implantation methods of the red sage root |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Effective date of abandoning: 20080305 |
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| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |