CN2740952Y - High energy-saving boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high energy-saving boiler which belongs to the technical field of the manufacture of boilers. In order to make radiation heating surfaces become a main heating surface, and save coal, the utility model is designed. The utility model is composed of an upper boiler cover, a middle header, a lower header, a main fire heating water pipe, an air outlet, a water return pipe, a hopper dust-removal ash-receiving device, an ash overflow pipe, an ash circulating pipe, a smoke passage partition plate, a convection heating water pipe, a main fire heating area and a convection heating area, wherein the main heating water pipe is installed in the main fire heating area in a hearth; the convection heating water pipe and the smoke passage partition plate are installed in the convection heating area; an upper boiler drum is installed in an insulating layer above the left side of a left partition wall of the hearth and is connected with the middle header through the convection heating water pipe and the main fire heating water pipe; the middle header is connected with the lower header; the dust-removal ash-receiving device is arranged at the left side of the left partition wall of the hearth, and the ash circulation tube which is communicated with the air outlet is arranged under the hearth; the ash overflow pipe is arranged in the furnace wall at the lower right boiler. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, easy conversion, high thermal efficiency and high utilization rate of the coal.

Description

High energy-conservation fluidized bed furnace

Technical field: the utility model relates to a kind of high energy-conservation fluidized bed furnace, belongs to boiler manufacturing technology field.

Background technology: along with the develop rapidly of science and technology, boiler also is the same, and everyway is developing to automation, modernized direction, problem, pollution problems that the steam coal amount is excessive, waste is serious, also thoroughly do not solve, coal is limited, is unlimited with coal; Our country is in the world with the maximum country of coal, and about about 1,500,000,000 tons, Industrial Boiler is to use the coal rich and influential family to annual coal consumption greatly, and annual coal consumption is about 600,000,000 tons; The structure of boiler is in the middle of continuous improvement and progress, also aspect energy-conservation, developing step by step, appearance such as water-cooling wall, the use of superheater and economizer, new energy-conservation way had appearred again in recent years, as even laminating combustion technology, energy-saving insulating technique etc., the way that these are good, all played energy-conservation effect with coal, but great majority are all worked hard at the less important position of boiler, and in the burner hearth of the most important position of boiler, but change too little, have only water-cooling wall or flue, water-cooled grate etc. also occurred; Present boiler is to belong to not energy-conservation, inferior fiery formula to absorb calorimetry, with convection heating surface is main heating surface, the utilization of radiation heating-surface heat energy very little, never more water pipe is as topmost radiation heating-surface, this is because do not advocate in boiler circle and the book or oppose to establish too much design water pipe in burner hearth, think that like that not only not saving coal can waste a lot of coals on the contrary, it seems that now this saying is unscientific, this is the main cause that coal saving is not for these years got off.

Summary of the invention: on the basis of existing boiler structure, for fully, scientifically utilize burner hearth inner exist powerful economize on coal the fiery radiant force of potentiality-master be sparing in the use of coal, the coal consumption that makes boiler reach floor level and research and design high energy-conservation fluidized bed furnace, the utility model is to be main heating surface with radiation heating-surface, in burner hearth, reasonably be covered with water pipe, be used for absorbing whole radiant heat energies, high energy-conservation fluidized bed furnace is by upper drum, middle collection case, the next part case, main fire is subjected to hot-water line, heat-insulation layer, air outlet, return pipe, funneling dedusting ash accepting machine, ash pipe overflows, the ash circulation pipe, buffler, convection current is subjected to hot-water line and main fiery heat affected zone, the convection current heat affected zone is formed, main fire is subjected to hot-water line and convection current be structure as a whole by hot-water line, main fire is installed in the interior fiery heat affected zone of master of burner hearth by hot-water line, convection current is installed in the convection current heat affected zone by hot-water line and buffler, in the heat-insulation layer of the top, left side of a burner hearth left side partition wall upper drum is installed, upper drum is that convection current is subjected to hot-water line through epimere, hypomere is that main fire is subjected to hot-water line and is installed in a burner hearth left side, middle collection case in the right partition wall connects, middle collection case connects with the next part case through return pipe, there is funneling dedusting ash accepting machine on the partition wall left side, a burner hearth left side, there is the grey circulation pipe that is communicated with air outlet its below, and the boiler bottom right is equipped with excessive ash pipe in the furnace wall.

The beneficial effects of the utility model, advantage and characteristics:

1, solved in burner hearth main fiery heat affected zone and can establish the problem that too much main fire is subjected to hot-water line, boiler renovation is easy, and is simple in structure, and result of use is good;

2, air is a kind of energy of using not to the utmost, coal is when burning, if air is supplied with sufficient, coal becomes carbon dioxide can emit 8000 kilocalories/kilogram heat with the oxidation symphysis, if air undersupply, can only generate carbon monoxide, emit 2500 kilocalories/kilogram heat,, will supply with enough air to boiler in order to be sparing in the use of coal, heat in the coal could all radiate like this, the utility model uses pressure fan, and it is sufficient that air is supplied with, and negative pressure will be adjusted rationally in the burner hearth, coal is fully burnt, and the heat in the coal can all radiate out;

3, heat in the coal all radiation has come out, can be its whole absorption, it is the key issue that is sparing in the use of coal, key is radiation heating-surface how much, in boiler furnace, coal is intimately fierce more when burning, the radiation heat release is powerful more, at convection heating surface, flue-gas temperature is lower, the radiation heat release sharply descends, when fire box temperature is higher than 1200 when spending, strong many of heat are banished in radiation heat release comparison, the effect of radiant heat transfer is directly proportional with the biquadratic of heat source temperature, radiation heating-surface absorbs heat and absorbs the heat raising more than 5 times than the convection current heating surface, that is to say: coal is released about 85% of net quantity of heat and is finished in burner hearth when burning, heat about 15% is finished at convection heating surface, but absorbing whole radiations heat energies by water-cooling wall entirely can not be completed, because of radiation heating-surface too little, can only absorb about 25% of whole radiations heat energies, most heat becomes high-temperature flue gas and enters convection heating surface and discharged from chimney then, and this is the most important reason of boiler waste coal, also is the too high reason of boiler tail flue gas temperature; The various coal-burning boilers of present national usefulness, great majority all are to belong to time intensity of a fire to absorb calorimetry, are main heating surface with convection heating surface, and the boiler of this pattern is the expense coal burning boiler; The design has overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, in burner hearth, reasonably be covered with main fire and be subjected to hot-water line, become the topmost absorbing surface of radiation heating-surface, made coal the time release 85% of net quantity of heat and absorbed by hot-water line by main fire in burning, can improve water temperature rapidly, the thermal efficiency height of boiler;

4, economize on coal about 75%, make the steam coal amount reach reduced levels, the utilization rate of coal can reach more than 96%;

5, funneling dedusting ash accepting machine and grey circulation pipe can play and make grey circulating combustion, have both improved the utilization rate of coal, have eliminated the pollution of flue dust to air again.

Description of drawings:

Accompanying drawing is the internal structure front view of high energy-conservation fluidized bed furnace.

Among the figure: 1. upper drum, collect case in 2., 3. next part case, 4. main fire is subjected to hot-water line, 5. heat-insulation layer, 6. air outlet, 7. return pipe, 8. funneling dedusting ash accepting machine, the ash pipe that 9. overflows, 10. grey circulation pipe, 11. buffler, 12. main fiery heat affected zones, 13. convection current are subjected to hot-water line, 14. convection current heat affected zones.

The specific embodiment:

High energy-conservation fluidized bed furnace as shown in drawings, by upper drum 1, middle collection case 2, next part case 3, main fire is subjected to hot-water line 4, heat-insulation layer 5, air outlet 6, return pipe 7, funneling dedusting ash accepting machine 8, ash pipe 9 overflows, ash circulation pipe 10, buffler 11, convection current is subjected to hot-water line 13 and main fiery heat affected zone 12, convection current heat affected zone 14 is formed, main fire is subjected to hot-water line 4 and convection current be structure as a whole by hot-water line 13, main fire is installed in the interior fiery heat affected zone 12 of master of burner hearth by hot-water line 4, convection current is installed in the convection current heat affected zone 14 by hot-water line 13 and buffler 11, in the heat-insulation layer 5 of the top, left side of a burner hearth left side partition wall upper drum 1 is installed, upper drum 1 is that convection current is subjected to hot-water line 13 through epimere, hypomere is that main fire is subjected to hot-water line 4 and is installed in a burner hearth left side, middle collection case 2 in the right partition wall connects, middle collection case 2 connects with next part case 3 through return pipe 7, there is funneling dedusting ash accepting machine 8 on the partition wall left side, a burner hearth left side, there is the grey circulation pipe 10 that is communicated with air outlet 6 its below, and the ash pipe 9 that overflows is installed in the furnace wall, boiler bottom right; After the fire grate upper coal feeding is lighted, main fire in the middle of the boiler operatiopn in the main fiery heat affected zone 12, fire grate top is subjected to hot-water line 4, become the topmost absorbing surface of radiation heating-surface, making coal the time release 85% of net quantity of heat in burning absorbed by hot-water line 4 by main fire, can improve water temperature rapidly, make the thermal efficiency height of boiler, its waste heat is absorbed by hot-water line 13 in convection current heat affected zone 14 by convection current; Funneling dedusting ash accepting machine 8 and grey circulation pipe 10 can play and make grey circulating combustion, both improved the utilization rate of coal, eliminated the pollution of flue dust again to air, the eliminating that is set to unnecessary ash of excessive ash pipe 9 provides channel, and buffler 11 plays the lengthening flue and convection current is subjected to hot-water line 3 many heat absorptions in convection current heat affected zone 14.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of high energy-conservation fluidized bed furnace, by upper drum (1), middle collection case (2), next part case (3), main fire is subjected to hot-water line (4), heat-insulation layer (5), air outlet (6), return pipe (7), funneling dedusting ash accepting machine (8), ash pipe (9) overflows, ash circulation pipe (10), buffler (11), convection current is subjected to hot-water line (13) and main fiery heat affected zone (12), convection current heat affected zone (14) is formed, it is characterized in that: main fire is subjected to hot-water line (4) and convection current be structure as a whole by hot-water line (13), main fire is installed in the interior fiery heat affected zone of master (12) of burner hearth by hot-water line (4), convection current is installed in the convection current heat affected zone (14) by hot-water line (13) and buffler (11), in the heat-insulation layer (5) of the top, left side of a burner hearth left side partition wall upper drum (1) is installed, upper drum (1) is that convection current is subjected to hot-water line (13) through epimere, hypomere is that main fire is subjected to hot-water line (4) and is installed in a burner hearth left side, middle collection case (2) in the right partition wall connects, middle collection case (2) connects with next part case (3) through return pipe (7), there is funneling dedusting ash accepting machine (8) on the partition wall left side, a burner hearth left side, there is the grey circulation pipe (10) that is communicated with air outlet (6) its below, and excessive ash pipe (9) is installed in the furnace wall, boiler bottom right.

Images