CN2738406Y - Large power fuel battery capable of making fuel hydrogen pressure stable - Google Patents
Large power fuel battery capable of making fuel hydrogen pressure stable Download PDFInfo
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- CN2738406Y CN2738406Y CNU2004201076423U CN200420107642U CN2738406Y CN 2738406 Y CN2738406 Y CN 2738406Y CN U2004201076423 U CNU2004201076423 U CN U2004201076423U CN 200420107642 U CN200420107642 U CN 200420107642U CN 2738406 Y CN2738406 Y CN 2738406Y
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- fuel cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The utility model relates to a large power fuel battery capable of making fuel hydrogen pressure stable, comprising a fuel battery pile, an air filtrating device, an air compressing and supplying device, an air dampening device, an air water steam separator, a hydrogen gas water steam separator, a hydrogen cycle pump, a water tank, a cooling fluid circulating pump, a radiator, a hydrogen storing device, a hydrogen charging valve, a hydrogen gas high voltage electromagnetic valve, a hydrogen gas first level pressure reducing valve, a first hydrogen gas second level pressure reducing and stabilizing valve, a hydrogen gas dampening device, a hydrogen gas low voltage electromagnetic valve and a second hydrogen gas second level pressure reducing and stabilizing valve. Compared to the technique existing in prior art, the utility model has advantage of that the hydrogen supplying pressure is stable when the large power fuel battery is running.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relatesto a fuel cell especially relates to a can make stable high-power fuel cell of fuel hydrogen pressure.
Background
An electrochemical fuel cell is a device capable of converting hydrogen and an oxidant into electrical energy and reaction products. The inner core component of the device is a Membrane Electrode (MEA), which is composed of a proton exchange Membrane and two porous conductive materials sandwiched between two surfaces of the Membrane, such as carbon paper. The membrane contains a uniform and finely dispersed catalyst, such as a platinum metal catalyst, for initiating an electrochemical reaction at the interface between the membrane and the carbon paper. The electrons generated in the electrochemical reaction process can be led out by conductive objects at two sides of the membrane electrode through an external circuit to form a current loop.
At the anode end of the membrane electrode, fuel can permeate through a porous diffusion material (carbon paper) and undergo electrochemical reaction on the surface of a catalyst to lose electrons to form positive ions, and the positive ions can pass through a proton exchange membrane through migration to reach the cathode end at the other end of the membrane electrode. At the cathode end of the membrane electrode, a gas containing an oxidant (e.g., oxygen), such as air, forms negative ions by permeating through a porous diffusion material (carbon paper) and electrochemically reacting on the surface of the catalyst to give electrons. The anions formed at the cathode end react with the positive ions transferred from the anode end to form reaction products.
In a pem fuel cell using hydrogen as the fuel and oxygen-containing air as the oxidant (or pure oxygen as the oxidant), the catalytic electrochemical reaction of the fuel hydrogen in the anode region produces hydrogen cations (or protons). The proton exchange membrane assists the migration of positive hydrogen ions from the anode region to the cathode region. In addition, the proton exchange membrane separates the hydrogen-containing fuel gas stream from the oxygen-containing gas stream so that they do not mix with each other to cause explosive reactions.
In the cathode region, oxygen gains electrons on the catalyst surface, forming negative ions, which react with the hydrogen positive ions transported from the anode region to produce water as a reaction product. In a proton exchange membrane fuel cell using hydrogen, air (oxygen), the anode reaction and the cathode reaction can be expressed by the following equations:
and (3) anode reaction:
and (3) cathode reaction:
in a typical pem fuel cell, a Membrane Electrode (MEA) is generally placed between two conductive plates, and the surface of each guide plate in contact with the MEA is die-cast, stamped, or mechanically milled to form at least one or more channels. The flow guide polar plates can be polar plates made of metal materials or polar plates made of graphite materials. The fluid pore channels and the diversion trenches on the diversion polar plates respectively guide the fuel and the oxidant into the anode area and the cathode area on two sides of the membrane electrode. In the structure of a single proton exchange membrane fuel cell, only one membrane electrode is present, and a guide plate of anode fuel and a guide plate of cathode oxidant are respectively arranged on two sides of the membrane electrode. The guide plates are used as current collector plates and mechanical supports at two sides of the membrane electrode, and the guide grooves on the guide plates arealso used as channels for fuel and oxidant to enter the surfaces of the anode and the cathode and as channels for taking away water generated in the operation process of the fuel cell.
In order to increase the total power of the whole proton exchange membrane fuel cell, two or more single cells can be connected in series to form a battery pack in a straight-stacked manner or connected in a flat-laid manner to form a battery pack. In the direct-stacking and serial-type battery pack, two surfaces of one polar plate can be provided with flow guide grooves, wherein one surface can be used as an anode flow guide surface of one membrane electrode, and the other surface can be used as a cathode flow guide surface of another adjacent membrane electrode, and the polar plate is called a bipolar plate. A series of cells are connected together in a manner to form a battery pack. The battery pack is generally fastened together into one body by a front end plate, a rear end plate and a tie rod.
A typical battery pack generally includes: (1) the fuel (such as hydrogen, methanol or hydrogen-rich gas obtained by reforming methanol, natural gas and gasoline) and the oxidant (mainly oxygen or air) are uniformly distributed in the diversion trenches of the anode surface and the cathode surface; (2) the inlet and outlet of cooling fluid (such as water) and the flow guide channel uniformly distribute the cooling fluid into the cooling channels in each battery pack, and the heat generated by the electrochemical exothermic reaction of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell is absorbed and taken out of the battery pack for heat dissipation; (3) the outlets of the fuel gas and the oxidant gas and the corresponding flow guide channels can carry out liquid and vapor water generated in the fuel cell when the fuel gas and the oxidant gas are discharged. Typically, all fuel, oxidant, and cooling fluid inlets and outlets are provided in one or both end plates of the fuel cell stack.
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell can be used as a power system of vehicles, ships and other vehicles, and can also be used as a movable and fixed power generation device.
When the proton exchange membrane fuel cell can be used as a vehicle power system, a ship power system or a mobile and fixed power station, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell must comprise a cell stack, a fuel hydrogen supply system, an air supply subsystem, a cooling and heat dissipation subsystem, an automatic control part and an electric energy output part.
FIG. 1 is a more typical fuel cell power generation system with a larger power output, and FIG. 1 is a fuel cell stack; 2 is a hydrogen storage bottle or other hydrogen storage devices; 3 is a hydrogen primary pressure reducing valve; 4 is an air filtering device; 5 is an air compression supply device; 6', 6 are water-vapor separators; 7 is a water tank; 8 is a cooling fluid circulating pump; 9 is a radiator; 10 is a hydrogen circulating pump; 11. 12 is a humidifying device; 13 is a first hydrogen two-stage pressure reducing and stabilizing valve; 15 is a hydrogen charging valve; 16 is a hydrogen high pressure solenoid valve.
In order to ensure the stable and safe operation of a high-power fuel cell power generation system, it is very critical to ensure that hydrogen with sufficient flow and stable pressure is delivered to a high-power fuel cell stack.
According to the output power of the fuel cell stack in the high-power fuel cell power generation system, the flow rate of hydrogen required to be delivered by a hydrogen supply subsystem in the fuel cell power generation system can be greatly changed. For example: for every 100KW output of the fuel cell stack, approximately more than 1 standard cubic meter of hydrogen per minute needs to be delivered to the fuel cell stack.
In order to ensure the stable and safe operation of the high-power (10-hundreds of kilowatts) fuel cell stack, a fuel hydrogen supply subsystem in a fuel cell power generation system generally must include a hydrogen high-pressure electromagnetic valve, a hydrogen primary pressure reducing valve and a first hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve, so as to ensure that the hydrogen pressure is stable and controllable when large-flow hydrogen flows to the fuel cell stack. For a fuel cell stack operating at low pressure, the hydrogen operating pressure typically does not exceed 1 atmosphere relative pressure.
For a high-power fuel cell (more than 10 KW), and on the premise that the running pressure of hydrogen does not exceed 1 atmosphere, in order to ensure that hydrogen with enough flow and stable pressure are supplied to a fuel cell stack by a fuel supply subsystem, a hydrogen pressure reducing and low-pressure stabilizing valve is required at a low-pressure end close to the end of the fuel cell stack, and the mechanical pressure reducing and low-pressure stabilizing valve is required to keep stable hydrogen pressure supply under high-flow hydrogen. Even if the hydrogen flow rate greatly fluctuates, the supply pressure fluctuation is not so large. The mechanical design of the pressure reducing and low pressure stabilizing valve generally ensures that the front end of the valve has stable hydrogen pressure supply, otherwise, the valve is difficult to ensure the function of stabilizing the hydrogen pressure.
Therefore, the above technical solution of the fuel hydrogen supply subsystem has the following technical drawbacks:
when the stable hydrogen pressure at the front end of the first hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve is ensured to be supplied, the valve can maintain stable hydrogen pressure supply to the fuel cell stack under the condition of large hydrogen flow fluctuation supply; however, when the fuel cell power generation system is just started, the general system will instruct to automatically open the hydrogen high-pressure end electromagnetic valve, and at this time, the hydrogen pressure decompressed by the hydrogen primary decompression valve will be suddenly applied to the first hydrogen secondary decompression pressure stabilizing valve. The sudden pressure application causes great pressure impact on the first hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve, so that the valve cannot stabilize the originally set hydrogen stabilizing pressure, the valve is easy to damage due to the pressure impact, and the fuel cell stack can bear hydrogen pressure which is much higher than the originally set hydrogen operating pressure due to the fact that the valve cannot stabilize the pressure. When this is severe, the fuel cell stack can be placed in a dangerously high pressure condition, resulting in damage.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a high power fuel cell which can still stabilize the hydrogen pressure of the fuel during starting or abnormal pressure of the hydrogen source.
The purpose of the utility model can be realized through the following technical scheme: a high-power fuel cell capable of stabilizing the pressure of fuel hydrogen comprises a fuel cell stack, an air filtering device, an air compression supply device, an air humidifying device, an air water-steam separator, a hydrogen circulating pump, a water tank, a cooling fluid circulating pump, a radiator, a hydrogen storage device, a hydrogen charging valve, a hydrogen high-pressure electromagnetic valve, a hydrogen primary pressure reducing valve, a first hydrogen secondarypressure reducing and stabilizing valve and a hydrogen humidifying device, and is characterized by further comprising a hydrogen low-pressure electromagnetic valve and a second hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve.
The hydrogen low-pressure electromagnetic valve is positioned in front of the first hydrogen two-stage pressure reducing and stabilizing valve, one end of the hydrogen low-pressure electromagnetic valve is communicated with the outlet end of the hydrogen one-stage pressure reducing valve, and the other end of the hydrogen low-pressure electromagnetic valve is communicated with the inlet end of the first hydrogen two-stage pressure reducing and stabilizing valve.
And the second hydrogen secondary pressure-stabilizing and pressure-reducing valve is connected in parallel with the hydrogen low-pressure electromagnetic valve and the first hydrogen secondary pressure-reducing and pressure-stabilizing valve.
The first-stage hydrogen pressure reducing valve is high-pressure type.
The first hydrogen two-stage pressure reducing and stabilizing valve is of a low-pressure large-flow type.
And the second-stage hydrogen pressure reducing and stabilizing valve is of a high-pressure small-flow type.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses in fuel hydrogen supply subsystem, preceding hydrogen low pressure solenoid valve that has added of first hydrogen second grade decompression surge damping valve, this valve is that a pipe diameter is thick, withstand voltage is lower, can let the solenoid valve that large-traffic hydrogen flows through, and connect in parallel again a high pressure, the second hydrogen second grade decompression stabilizing valve of little flow type, the characteristics of this valve are that the entry end can bear very high pressure fluctuation scope even impact, but because output hydrogen flow is little, so can modulate hydrogen output pressure very steadily and be in within the setpoint pressure (for example be less than 1 atmospheric pressure).
When the fuel cell power generation system is just started, the system commands that a hydrogen primary pressure reducing valve, a first hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve and a second hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve are set at a certain working pressure point in advance before a hydrogen high-pressure electromagnetic valve is automatically opened. When the hydrogen high-pressure electromagnetic valve is suddenly opened, hydrogen enters the fuel cell stack through the second hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve to form certain hydrogen pressure. After a period of time (after several seconds), the hydrogen low-pressure electromagnetic valve is opened in a delayed mode, and the large-flow hydrogen flows to the fuel cell stack after passing through the first hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve. At this time, because a certain hydrogen pressure exists in the rear end fuel cell stack, the valve cannot damage the valve itself due to impact caused by sudden application of the hydrogen pressure, and cannot damage the fuel cell stack due to incapability of stabilizing the pressure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional fuel cell;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the fuel cell of the present invention.
3 in FIG. 2: hydrogen primary pressure reducing valve, 13 first hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valves, 15: hydrogen charging valve, 16: hydrogen high-pressure solenoid valve, 17: hydrogen low-pressuresolenoid valve, 18: a second hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2 and with reference to fig. 1, a high-power fuel cell capable of stabilizing the pressure of fuel hydrogen comprises a fuel cell stack 1, an air filtering device 4, an air compression supply device 5, an air humidifying device 12, an air water-steam separator 6', a hydrogen water-steam separator 6, a hydrogen circulating pump 10, a water tank 7, a cooling fluid circulating pump 8, a radiator 9, a hydrogen storage device 2, a hydrogen charging valve 15, a hydrogen high-pressure electromagnetic valve 16, a hydrogen primary pressure reducing valve 3, a hydrogen low-pressure electromagnetic valve 17, a first hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 13, a second hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve, and a hydrogen humidifying device 11. The hydrogen low-pressure electromagnetic valve 17 is positioned in front of the first hydrogen two-stage pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 13, one end of the hydrogen low-pressure electromagnetic valve is communicated with the outlet end of the hydrogen one-stage pressure reducing valve 3, and the other end of the hydrogen low-pressure electromagnetic valve is communicated with the inlet end of the first hydrogen two-stage pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 13. The second hydrogen two-stage pressure-stabilizing and pressure-reducing valve 18 is connected in parallel with the hydrogen low-pressure electromagnetic valve 17 and the first hydrogen two-stage pressure-reducing and pressure-stabilizing valve 13. The hydrogen primary pressure reducing valve 3 is of high pressure type.The first hydrogen two-stage pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 13 is of a low-pressure large-flow type. The second hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 18 is of a high-pressure small-flow type.
In the embodiment of the utility model, the rated output power of the cell stack in the fuel cell is 120 KW; the hydrogen pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen tank ranges from 300 atmospheres to 20 atmospheres; the input hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen primary pressure reducing valve is 300 to 20 atmospheres, and the output set pressure is 5 atmospheres; the pressure range of the input hydrogen of the second hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 18 is 200 to 5 atmospheric pressures, and the output pressure is set to be 0.6 to 0.8 atmospheric pressure; the first hydrogen two-stage pressure reducing and stabilizing valve 13 has input hydrogen pressure range of 18-3 atm and output hydrogen pressure set in 0.6-0.8 atm. The supply of hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell stack was performed as shown in fig. 2. When the fuel cell receives a starting command, the hydrogen high-pressure electromagnetic valve 16 is automatically opened, the hydrogen low-pressure electromagnetic valve 17 is opened after delaying for 5 seconds, and the fuel cell stack always bears the hydrogen pressure of 0.8 atmospheric pressure.
When the fuel cell stack reaches a high power output state of 120KW, the flow rate of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell stack reaches 1.3 cubic meters per minute, and the pressure of hydrogen applied to the fuel cell stack at this time is 0.6 atm. Under the working conditions of other fuel cells, the pressure range of the borne hydrogen is controlled to be 0.8-0.6 atmosphere, so that the stability of the fuel hydrogen supply pressure in the operation of the high-power fuel cell is ensured.
Claims (6)
1. A high-power fuel cell capable of stabilizing the pressure of fuel hydrogen comprises a fuel cell stack, an air filtering device, an air compression supply device, an air humidifying device, an air water-steam separator, a hydrogen circulating pump, a water tank, a cooling fluid circulating pump, a radiator, a hydrogen storage device, a hydrogen charging valve, a hydrogen high-pressure electromagnetic valve, a hydrogen primary pressure reducing valve, a first hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve and a hydrogen humidifying device, and is characterized by further comprising a hydrogen low-pressure electromagnetic valve and a second hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve.
2. A high power fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen low pressure solenoid valve is located in front of the first hydrogen two-stage pressure reducing and stabilizing valve, and has one end connected to the outlet of the hydrogen one-stage pressure reducing valve and the other end connected to the inlet of the first hydrogen two-stage pressure reducing and stabilizing valve.
3. A high power fuel cell capable of stabilizing the hydrogen pressure of the fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second hydrogen two-stage pressure stabilizing and reducing valve is connected in parallel with the hydrogen low pressure solenoid valve and the first hydrogen two-stage pressure reducing and stabilizing valve.
4. A high power fuel cell capable of stabilizing the hydrogen pressure of the fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrogen primary pressure reducing valve is of high pressure type.
5. A high power fuel cell capable of stabilizing the pressure of fuel hydrogen according to claim 1, wherein the first hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve is of a low pressure high flow type.
6. A high power fuel cell capable of stabilizing the pressure of fuel hydrogen as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second hydrogen secondary pressure reducing and stabilizing valve is of high pressure and small flow type.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2004201076423U CN2738406Y (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2004-11-02 | Large power fuel battery capable of making fuel hydrogen pressure stable |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNU2004201076423U CN2738406Y (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2004-11-02 | Large power fuel battery capable of making fuel hydrogen pressure stable |
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| CN2738406Y true CN2738406Y (en) | 2005-11-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNU2004201076423U Expired - Fee Related CN2738406Y (en) | 2004-11-02 | 2004-11-02 | Large power fuel battery capable of making fuel hydrogen pressure stable |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102035001A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-04-27 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Anode pulse drainage system for proton exchange membrane fuel cell and working method thereof |
| CN101764239B (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2012-10-10 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell hydrogen gas circulating system with pulse width modulation solenoid valve |
| CN106486685A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-03-08 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell system and the method for work of fuel cell system |
| CN108539222A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-09-14 | 同济大学 | A kind of on-vehicle fuel multiple module paralleling hydrogen gas circulating system and its control method |
-
2004
- 2004-11-02 CN CNU2004201076423U patent/CN2738406Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101764239B (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2012-10-10 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell hydrogen gas circulating system with pulse width modulation solenoid valve |
| CN102035001A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-04-27 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Anode pulse drainage system for proton exchange membrane fuel cell and working method thereof |
| CN102035001B (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2013-03-27 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Anode pulse drainage system for proton exchange membrane fuel cell and working method thereof |
| CN106486685A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-03-08 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell system and the method for work of fuel cell system |
| CN108539222A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-09-14 | 同济大学 | A kind of on-vehicle fuel multiple module paralleling hydrogen gas circulating system and its control method |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20051102 Termination date: 20091202 |