The dual-purpose type metallic nano powder preparation equipment by electric arc method
Technical field: the utility model relates to and a kind ofly can use two kinds of shape materials to produce the special equipment of metal nano powder continuously, a kind ofly specifically can use block and bar-shaped high pure metal, utilizes arc process to produce the special equipment of simple metal nano powder continuously.
Background technology: nano material is the high-tech material that receives much concern that grows up the end of the eighties.It is with its quantum size effect, and skin effect etc. have the not available variation performance of traditional material, becomes one of new material that 21 century competitively gives priority in the world.So the manufacturing of nano-powder development is very fast, diversified process for preparing nm powder has appearred, the most generally thermal decomposition method, laser chemistry gas phase are synthesized methods such as reaching chemical reduction method in condensation of gas method, sputtering method, energising heating vaporization, the stove, but all there is certain shortcoming in said method, mainly show: the structure of equipment is too complicated, operation and use inconvenient, can not industrialized mass production; Also occur arc process in addition at present and prepared methods such as metal nano powder, but the production of existing metallic nano powder preparation equipment by electric arc method is discontinuous, particle diameter is inhomogeneous, materials are single, promptly can use simultaneously the equipment of bar or piece material also not occur, it is very inconvenient that this produces nano powder to some material, can not produce continuously; The nano powder powder that existing equipment is produced will use easy oxidation in natural environment, the nano powder powder surface does not have passivation to form one deck anoxybiotic passivating film, do not have the high-frequency and high-voltage arc ignition system in the existing equipment to making very difficulty of operation, can not satisfy war production and scientific research demand the high pure metal nano powder.
Summary of the invention: the purpose of this utility model is will provide a kind of can use bar-shaped or block two kinds of shape high pure metal raw materials simultaneously, and can produce the special equipment of high purity metal nano powder continuously.This equipment can make the nano powder powder that produces form passivating film to prevent metal nano powder oxidation in natural environment, the purity and the processing safety of metal nano powder have been improved, this equipment also uses the high voltagehigh frequency arc initiation device simultaneously, plays the effect of stable arc in operation.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that this equipment is the electrode production that adopts the lifting rotation to tilt, high-frequency and high-voltage ignite arc, stable arc device, make metal in crucible, melt, evaporate, collect by collecting bin, the passivation system passivation, the purpose of high pure metal nano powder is produced in realization.
This equipment comprises generation chamber, return air pipeline, flapper valve, ajutage, collecting bin, platform, passivation device, pressure flow sensor, one-level collecting chamber, vacuum packaging box, telescopic joint, vavuum pump, extraordinary blower fan, push-pull valve, support, granularity on-line testing instrument, breezeway, passivation blower fan, blowing line, circuit control device, the generation chamber is rack-mount, one end links by breezeway, push-pull valve and extraordinary blower fan, and granularity on-line testing instrument is arranged on the breezeway; The other end links by flapper valve, ajutage and push-pull valve and one-level collecting chamber upper end air inlet; One-level collecting chamber bottom and vacuum packaging box link, and the top air outlet links through ajutage and push-pull valve and collecting bin; The pressure flow sensor is equipped with in the bottom of collecting bin, and links with passivation system; The air outlet of collecting bin links through the air inlet of return air pipeline and extraordinary blower fan, and whole system forms the closed loop.
The left end of described generation chamber has and adds the material hand hole, add the material hand hole above be provided with the observation visor, also be provided with finder above, the top is provided with rise fall of electrodes rotation tilting gearing, the following inside that generates the chamber is provided with the blowing crucible.
Described collecting bin comprises rotary screen, external skin belt wheel, noncontact shaft coupling, rotating shaft; Rotary screen is arranged on the inside of collecting bin, and rotary screen is fixed in the rotating shaft, is associated with the noncontact shaft coupling above the rotating shaft, and the other end of noncontact shaft coupling links to each other with belt pulley.
Finder on the described generation chamber comprises interior fixed cover, outer fixed cover, outer quartz glass, window brush, internal layer quartz glass, sealing ring, microcomputer probe, finder frame, bearing, sealing shroud, noncontact shaft coupling, micro machine, brush axle, can adjust shot-light frame, powerful shot-light; Have three holes above the finder frame, microcomputer probe, brush axle, the powerful shot-light that can adjust on the shot-light frame are separately positioned in three holes, the front that can adjust shot-light frame and microcomputer probe is provided with outer quartz glass and internal layer quartz glass by interior fixed cover and outer fixed cover respectively, and internal layer and outer quartz glass adopt the sealing ring sealing; The window brush is arranged on the top of brush axle, and the other end of brush axle links to each other with micro machine by the noncontact shaft coupling.
Described rise fall of electrodes rotation tilting gearing comprises seal bellows, seal cover, sealing ring, lifting fixed cover, tooth bar, gear-box, adjustable rotating shaft, camshaft, worm-wheel shaft, jackscrew, worm gear, worm screw, ball stud, bulb pin cap, slideway, rising-falling tone speed motor, manually adjusts handwheel, gear, handwheel, base plate, eccentric handwheel, fixed mount, buncher, the gear shaft adjusted.
Described blowing crucible comprises piece material crucible or bar crucible and cooling spacer, and the cooling spacer is arranged on below piece material crucible or the bar crucible.
Described circuit control device is made of main power transformer and high-frequency arc ignition circuit.
The utility model has following advantage owing to adopt said structure:
1, the utility model is available simple metal piece material, also can use the high pure metal bar, this processing high pure metal nano powder concerning some is difficult for the metal of machine-shaping is very convenient, and this external enwergy utilizes multiple shaped objects to reduce production costs according to market situation.
2, the utility model can utilize high pure metal piece material, bar, produce the high pure metal nano powder continuously, can directly the material that generates indoor storage be put into crucible during production, need not open and generate the chamber, guarantee to produce continuously required internal atmosphere, improve production effect, reduced production cost.
3, the utility model can be selected the different-diameter electrode according to the different material of producing.The electrode, the crucible that generate indoor setting can be provided with 1-3.A plurality of combinations can be produced the alloy nano powder of a kind of high pure metal nano powder or production various material composition, thereby make the widely used characteristics that the utlity model has.
4, the utility model electrode can be adjusted up and down, and rotation is adjusted, tilt adjustments, adopts the microcomputer probe to observe operative scenario and feed back to industrial computer system, and by the total instruction of industrial computer system output, operation is accurately convenient.
5, the utility model Circuits System adopts high-frequency arc strike, stabilising arc, and current and voltage signals is fed back to industrial computer system, and by the down total instruction control of industrial computer system current/voltage parameter, the operation precise control is enhanced productivity, and is easy to operate.
6, the utility model equipment has adopted air flow sensor, the particle diameter testing equipment, can monitor its duty at any time, but and Adjustment System blast, air quantity at any time, and its data are passed to industrial computer system, and assign total instruction by computer, and control the particle diameter of its blast, air quantity and nano powder, guarantee that its high pure metal nano powder particle diameter of producing is even.
7, the production nano powder powder system of the utility model equipment and passivation system design one integrated mass, make the nano powder powder body material of processing directly enter passivation system by intermediate link, high pure metal nano powder after the passivation can directly use in natural environment, because cancellation intermediate link has improved metal nano powder purity, also improved production efficiency simultaneously.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1,2 is a dual-purpose type metallic nano powder preparation equipment by electric arc method overall structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3,4 is the utility model generation chamber part-structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the utility model main circuit schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment:
As Fig. 1, shown in 2: this equipment comprises generation chamber 1, return air pipeline 2, flapper valve 3, ajutage 4,5, collecting bin 6, platform 11, passivation device 12, pressure flow sensor 13, one-level collecting chamber 14, vacuum packaging box 15, telescopic joint 16, vavuum pump 17, extraordinary blower fan 18, push-pull valve 19, support 20, granularity on-line testing instrument 21, breezeway 22, passivation blower fan 27, blowing line 28, circuit control device 71, generating chamber 1 is installed on the support 20, one end is by breezeway 22, push-pull valve 19 links with extraordinary blower fan 18, and granularity on-line testing instrument 21 is arranged on the breezeway 22; The other end links by flapper valve 3, ajutage 4 and push-pull valve and one-level collecting chamber 14 upper end air inlets; One-level collecting chamber 14 bottoms and vacuum packaging box 15 link, and the top air outlet links through ajutage 5 and push-pull valve and collecting bin 6; Pressure flow sensor 13 is equipped with in the bottom of collecting bin 6, and links with passivation device 12; The air outlet of collecting bin 6 links through the air inlet of return air pipeline 2 with extraordinary blower fan 18, and whole system forms the closed loop.
Described collecting bin 6 comprises rotary screen 7, external skin belt wheel 8, noncontact shaft coupling 9, rotating shaft 10, rotary screen 7 is arranged on the inside of collecting bin 6, rotary screen 7 is fixed in the rotating shaft 10, is associated with noncontact shaft coupling 9 above the rotating shaft 10, and the other end of noncontact shaft coupling 9 links to each other with belt pulley 8.
Shown in Fig. 3,4: as described in the left end of generation chamber 1 have and add material hand hole 23, add material hand hole 23 above be provided with and observe visor 24, also be provided with finder above, the top is provided with rise fall of electrodes rotation tilting gearing, generate 1 inside, chamber below be provided with the blowing crucible.
Finder on the described generation chamber 1 comprises interior fixed cover 32, outer fixed cover 33, outer quartz glass 34, window brush 35, internal layer quartz glass 36, sealing ring 37, microcomputer probe 38, finder frame 39, bearing 40, sealing shroud 41, noncontact shaft coupling 42, micro machine 43, brush axle 44, can adjust shot-light frame 45, powerful shot-light 46; Have three holes above the finder frame 39, microcomputer probe 38, brush axle 44, the powerful shot-light 46 that can adjust on the shot-light frame 45 are separately positioned in three holes, the front that can adjust shot-light frame 45 and microcomputer probe 38 is provided with outer quartz glass 34 and internal layer quartz glass 36 by interior fixed cover 32 and outer fixed cover 33, and internal layer and outer quartz glass 36,34 adopt sealing ring 37 sealings; Window brush 35 is arranged on the top of brush axle 44, and the other end of brush axle 44 links to each other with micro machine 43 by noncontact shaft coupling 42.
Described rise fall of electrodes rotation tilting gearing comprises seal bellows 47, seal cover 48, sealing ring 49, lifting fixed cover 50, tooth bar 51, gear-box 52, adjustable rotating shaft 53, camshaft 54, worm-wheel shaft 55, jackscrew 56, worm gear 57, worm screw 58, ball stud 59, bulb pin cap 60, slideway 61, rising-falling tone speed motor 62, manually adjusts handwheel 63, gear 64, handwheel 65, base plate 66, eccentric handwheel 67, fixed mount 68, buncher 69, the gear shaft 70 adjusted.
Described blowing crucible comprises piece material crucible 29 or bar crucible 30 and cooling spacer 31, and cooling spacer 31 is arranged on below piece material crucible 29 or the bar crucible 30.
The course of work: by Fig. 1, shown in 2: at first high pure metal material (block or bar-shaped material) is put into the crucible 29 or 30 that generates 1 bottom, chamber, crucible 29 is to place lump material, crucible 30 is to place bar-shaped material, again the equipment whole system is vacuumized, when vacuum reaches certain condition of high vacuum degree, close vavuum pump, in system, charge into inert gas, when the whole system internal gas pressure reaches normal pressure, start general supply, electrode 27 brings into operation, open high frequency, the high voltage arc generating device power supply carries out high-frequency arc strike and adjusts electric arc, start extraordinary blower fan 18 at the same time and adjust blower fan 18 rotating speeds, behind arc stability, crucible 29 or 30 interior material meltings also flash to metallic fume, and smog enters one-level collecting chamber 14 through generating chamber 1 right-hand member push-pull valve, 19 ajutages 4 under the wind-force of extraordinary blower fan 18 carries.Most of nano powder smog is carried down from the outlet of one-level collecting chamber 14 upper ends by extraordinary blower fan 18 again and enters collecting bin 6 through ajutage 5, and metallic vapour is cooled to metal nano powder in this process.At this moment, open the electric rotating machine power supply of the rotary screen 7 in the collecting bin 6, drive rotating shaft 10, rotary screen 7 rotations by the noncontact shaft coupling.The metal nano powder that cooling forms enters collecting bin 6 under the drive of wind-force, the obstruction of the rotary screen 7 in collecting bin 6 falls into the bottom of collecting bin 6.The effect of rotary screen 7 is to stop metal nano powder to rack away, and metal nano powder is stayed the bottom of collecting bin 6, the clean wind that does not contain the high purity metal nano powder is seen through rotary screen 7 take away.When some metal nano powders are gathered in the bottom of collecting bin 6, open bottom valve and make the metal nano powder that gathers in the collecting bin 6 under the gravity effect, enter passivation device 12, open passivation blower fan 27 simultaneously and carry out passivation, after finishing, passivation packs.Collecting bin 6 interior wind enter extraordinary blower fan 18 increase wind speed through backwind tube 21 after removing metal nano powder, enter through blower tube 28, blower 22 and generate chamber 1, finish a production cycle.
The high pure metal nano powder of in this course of work, processing or the powder granularity of alloy nano powder for assurance the utility model, this equipment is provided with granularity on-line testing instrument 21 and is used for monitoring at any time so that adjust; This equipment is provided with also that pressure flow sensor 13 is used for monitoring at any time air quantity, blast is good to guarantee its inner loop, avoids nano powder to heap in inner somewhere.
The finder working condition that generates setting on the chamber 1 is (by Fig. 3, shown in 4): the pop one's head in working condition of 38 observed tungsten electrodes 25 of microcomputer is fed back on the display of industrial computer and shows with convenient integrated control, observe clear for guaranteeing microcomputer probe 38, the powerful shot-light 46 that finder frame 39 1 sides are installed is used for illumination and generates indoor chamber, microcomputer probe 38 and powerful shot-light 46 install previously in, outer quartz glass 36,34, fixed cover 32, outer fixed cover 33, sealing ring 37 is the observations in order to guarantee to generate the desired vacuum of internal work and the work atmosphere of chamber 1 and to be convenient to microcomputer probe 38, the window brush of installing on the surface of outer quartz glass 34 35 is that nano powder influence microcomputer pop one's head in 38 the sight line and the light of powerful shot-light 46 in the deposition on the surface of outer quartz glass 34 during for fear of work.The noncontact shaft coupling of installing in the rear end of brush axle 44 42 is to generate the vacuum or the work atmosphere of chamber 1 for assurance, and can provide rotary power to brush axle 44.
Generate the rise fall of electrodes rotation tilting gearing course of work that is provided with on the chamber 1: rising-falling tone speed motor 62 is by 64 rotations of gear shaft 70 driven gears, and pinion rack 51 drives tooth bar 51 liftings, and drive the lifting of negative electrode 26 by tooth bar 51, ball stud 59, lifting fixed cover 50, manual adjustment handwheel 63 is installed between lift adjustment motor 62 and gear pin, can be used to hand-operated lifting, buncher 69 drives worm screw 58 rotations, and by 57 rotations of worm screw 58 drive worm gears, worm gear 57 is done off-centre by worm-wheel shaft 55 and eccentric wheel 54 driven gear casees 52 and is rotatablely moved.Gear-box 52 is done off-centre and is rotatablely moved by slideway 61, ball stud 59, lifting fixed cover 50 drive negative electrodes 26.Make the tungsten electrode 25 on the negative electrode 26 also can make tungsten electrode 25 reach arbitrarily angled by adjusting eccentric handwheel to arrive all positions of crucible 29 in the inside rotation that generates chamber 1.In addition, the eccentric handwheel 67 of adjusting is installed again between eccentric wheel 54, the worm-wheel shaft 55, when unclamping jackscrew 55, can manually adjusts rotation, the angle of inclination of negative electrode 26 and tungsten electrode 25 by eccentric adjustment handwheel 67.
By shown in Figure 5: circuit control device 71 mainly is made of main power transformer 72 and high-frequency arc ignition circuit, high-frequency arc ignition circuit is serially connected in the work loop, high-frequency arc ignition circuit is by high-frequency generator, exchange control transformer TC, high-voltage capacitance C3, spark generator, power switch, start-up circuit, compositions such as introductory note arc circuit, high-frequency arc ignition circuit can produce the 150-260KHz3000V high frequency, high-tension electricity, high frequency whereby, high-tension electricity is with the gap between breakdown electrode 26 and the material processed, and the electric arc that ignites, after this electric arc ignites, the circuit control device 71 of this equipment can be controlled high-frequency arc ignition circuit according to the anti-signal of bursting that electric current produces, and makes the high-frequency arc ignition circuit device play the stabilising arc effect.The electric arc because the high pressure that the utility model adopted, high-frequency arc ignition circuit can very ignite accurately, it is very convenient to operate, thoroughly solve tungsten electrode 26 that causes because of misoperation and the bonding short circuit phenomenon that the processing materials Yin Gaowen of institute produces, improved the accuracy and the security of the utility model operation.