CN2376398Y

CN2376398Y - Electric vehicle controller

Info

Publication number: CN2376398Y
Application number: CN 99237524
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李开贵; 杨培德
Original assignee: Wuhan Thinking Computer Room Technology Co Ltd; YUNHE VEHICLE WORKS WUHAN
Current assignee: Wuhan Thinking Computer Room Technology Co Ltd; YUNHE VEHICLE WORKS WUHAN
Priority date: 1999-04-19
Filing date: 1999-04-19
Publication date: 2000-05-03
Anticipated expiration: 2009-04-19

Abstract

The utility model discloses a controller of an electric vehicle, which relates to the technology of the uniform speed linear starting control of the electric vehicle. A uniform speed linear starting controller is provided for solving the problem that an accumulator is damaged due to oversized instantaneous current and the sudden increase of rotary speed which exist when a common controller is started. Therefore, in the utility model, an integrated operational amplifier is used for giving voltage integral operation for many times to control the width of pulse to be increased from narrow linearity to wide linearity. Therefore, starting surge current is reduced. The linearity of the rotary speed of the motor is increased. The controller of an electric vehicle is composed of a proportional integral operational amplifier, a pulse width modulator, a power switching tube, etc. Due to the fact that the uniform speed linear starting of the motor can be obtained, the aims of reducing the starting current, increasing the mileage of continued travel, and preventing and interfering malfunction are achieved.

Description

A kind of controller for electric vehicle

The utility model relates to the at the uniform velocity line start control technology of a kind of battery-driven car (containing Electric Scooter, electro-tricycle).

Pulse modulation technology or pulse frequency modulation technology are generally adopted in the starting of battery-driven car at present.In its starting process, because given signal increases suddenly, it is too fast to cause pulse width to increase.Armature loop resistance because of DC machine is very little again, starts moment, and motor speed is zero, if this moment, the pulse width growth was too fast, causes motor to start under the state of zero-speed total head.Thereby cause the battery-driven car starting current excessive, injury storage battery, rotating speed kick, the uncomfortable drawback of riding.

The purpose of this utility model is in order to solve Common Controller when starting rotating speed kick; instantaneous current is excessive; the technical barrier of injury storage battery; a kind of controller for electric vehicle of at the uniform velocity line start control is provided, makes in the battery-driven car starting process, starting current reduces greatly; rotating speed does not have kick; it is comfortable to ride, and increases continual mileage, the protection storage battery.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model has adopted following technical measures:

By the fundamental equation of DC motor as can be known, during the battery-driven car starting, because rotating speed W is zero, its counter potential E also is zero.Because the armature loop resistance of DC machine is very little, if this moment rated voltage directly is added in the armature two ends, its starting current often substantially exceeds motor and allows electric current, and the service life of DC machine in serious threat; So the starting of general dc micro-motor, the variable rheostat of in armature circuit, connecting often, during actuating motor, resistance is descending, makes motor at the uniform velocity start acceleration.But it is on the battery-driven car of main energy sources that this way is used in by storage battery, obviously is irrational.Extensively adopt the PWM regulation scheme at present, by the regulating handle gradual slow anglec of rotation, the pwm value of PWM also gradually by narrow extremely wide, reaches the purpose that at the uniform velocity starting is quickened, and this is feasible in theory, but actual state is really not so.After the user often opens the battery-driven car electric switch, just governor handle is rotated to the most at a high speed within a short period of time, (because of maximum angle of rotation≤60 of governor handle °, this is intrinsic motor bike operating habit, also be the needs of practical operation, simultaneously, also can not require each operator, slow rotating operating handle linearly during starting) cause the starting of motor flat-out acceleration, electric current is excessive.

The utility model utilizes integrated operational amplifier to do repeatedly given voltage integrating meter computing, and the control wave width increases from being too narrow to wide linearity, thereby reduces inrush current, and motor speed is linear to be increased.Even bicyclist within a short period of time is threaded to governor handle the most at a high speed, and motor only may be the time from starting zero-speed gradually linearity rise to rated speed of rotation, reached that starting current is little, moment big, comfortable purpose operates steadily, rides.

The utility model compared with prior art has the following advantages and effect:

Reduced the battery-driven car starting current; because battery-driven car is in real process, brake, starting etc. are very frequent, on " national Electrical Bicycle information fair for the second time "; the statistics of Electrical Bicycle highway mileage match records; battery-driven car travel the way in, every starting once, 1 kilometer of decreased average operating range; if can reduce starting current; will increase continual mileage undoubtedly, simultaneously, also protect storage battery preferably.At same car, same battery, under the same loading condition, we did following experiment, and data are as follows:

Different battery-driven car starting current test report

The classification vehicle	Former car starting under no load electric current	The utility model starting under no load electric current	Former car load starting electric current	Former car load starting situation	The utility model load starting electric current	The utility model load starting situation
The classification vehicle	Former car starting under no load electric current	The utility model starting under no load electric current	Former car load starting electric current	Former car load starting situation	The utility model load starting electric current	The utility model load starting situation	Ningbo " Waja " Electrical Bicycle	6A	2.5A	20A	Rotating speed kick, starting are effectively	9A	At the uniform velocity strong
Guangxi " Mai Gewei " Electrical Bicycle	8A	2.2A	12A	Starting difficulty, unable overcome the resistance square after the rotating speed kick.	8A	At the uniform velocity strong	Ningbo " Waja " Electrical Bicycle	6A	2.5A	20A	Rotating speed kick, starting are effectively	9A	At the uniform velocity strong

Annotate: 1., made current limit control during the Electrical Bicycle load starting of Guangxi " Mai Gewei ", thereby the load starting electric current is not very big, but starting difficulty, it is unable to climb.

2., experimental period: on April 3rd, 99, the place: moral control technology Co., Ltd is thought in Wuhan.

3., measuring device: DC10A1.5 level (the starting under no load testing current is used), DC 30A1.5 level (the load starting testing current is used).

Elaborate below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the utility model electrical block diagram, and Fig. 2 is LC3 waveform correlation figure.

Wherein: the pulse width of IC1-proportional integral (PI) op amp, IC3-pulse width modulator, BG1-power switch pipe, R-resistance, C-electric capacity, W-potential device, E1, E2-storage battery, VCC-power supply, GND-ground connection, M-motor, 1-linear growth, 2-Δ V are by the sawtooth wave of twice linear gradually vdc that increases of integration, the output of 3-IC3 the 9th pin.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model mainly is made up of proportional integral (PI) op amp IC1, pulse width modulator IC3 and power switch pipe BG1.1 pin of proportional integral (PI) op amp IC1 links to each other by 1 pin of R5, R10 and sawtooth oscillator IC3.9 pin of pulse width modulator IC3 link to each other with the base stage of power switch pipe BG1.

Resistance R 1 upper end links to each other with the VCC power supply, and the lower end of speed-regulating potentiometer W1 links to each other with GND, and the intrinsic standoff ratio of R1 and W1 is velocity setting voltage, and regulating W1 is the rotating speed of scalable battery-driven car.It links to each other with in-phase end 3 pin of IC1:A-LM324 by R2 to constant potential, R4 has been connected in parallel between 2 pin of LM324 and 1 pin, C1, R3 is a proportion resistor, also be connected to 2 pin of LM324, along with resistance value to adjusted W1, the homophase input voltage of LM324 increases, through IC1:A and R4, C1, R3 does the proportional integral (PI) computing and amplifies, and its 1 pin output voltage increases gradually, because the left end of R5 is connected to 1 pin of LM324, the right-hand member of R5 is connected to the positive pole of C2, the negative pole of C2 meets GND, and the integral voltage of the 1 pin output of LM324 passes through R5, C2 remakes the RC integration one time, avoided the misoperation of signals such as interference, improved reliability, the right-hand member of R5 also is connected to R6, and the R6 lower end also links to each other with GND, controlled the highest amplitude of output voltage, the right-hand member of R5 also is connected to R10.

By 1 pin of R10 access IC3 sawtooth oscillator and pulse width modulator special IC TL494,2 pin of TL494 are connected to R9, and 3 pin are connected to integrating capacitor C3 and R11, and the left end of C3 is connected with R8, and the left end of R8 is connected to R9, R7.1 pin of TL494 is the in-phase input end of internal error amplifier, 3 pin are the feedback end of internal error amplifier, 2 pin are the internal error amplifier's inverting input, pass through R9, R8, C3 forms the in-phase voltage integral operation, R7 is a proportion resistor, lower end ground connection, like this, the voltage signal of twice integration before the process of sending into by R10, remake an integral operation, the vdc of its slow linear growth compares with the inner sawtooth voltage that produces of TL494, exports the sawtooth oscillator signal (see figure 2) of slow linear growth by 9 pin of TL494, the conduction ratio of control BG1 power switch transistor, the voltage gradual slow that motor M is obtained increases, and it is little to have reached starting current, the rotating speed linearity at the uniform velocity increases, the purpose that operates steadily.

Among Fig. 1, C4, R12 is connected on 5 pin and 6 pin of IC3-TL494 respectively, main effect is frequency and a slope of regulating sawtooth oscillator IC3, the R13 left end is connected to the mouth of TL494 internal voltage regulator, right-hand member and R14 upper end and 15 pin of TL494 and the right-hand member of C5 link to each other, and the left end of C5 is connected to R11, and the left end of R11 also is connected to feedback end 3 pin.R13, R14 mainly act as the output voltage of dividing potential drop voltage stabilizer; form integral operation with R11, C5, prepare to receive the emergency protection signal of 16 pin of delivering to IC3 at any time, send into 16 pin of TL494 when guard signal after; close the 9 pin output pulse of IC3 immediately, prevented accident expansion.

A kind of multiple integral controlling schemes and practical circuit are used for the starting of battery-driven car, can obtain at the uniform velocity line start of motor, reduce starting current, increase continual mileage, prevent the purpose that interference maloperation is done.

Claims

1, a kind of controller for electric vehicle is characterized in that it is made up of proportional integral (PI) op amp (IC1), pulse width modulator (IC3) and power switch pipe (BG1); 1 pin of proportional integral (PI) op amp (IC1) links to each other by 1 pin of R5, R10 and pulse width modulator (IC3); 9 pin of pulse width modulator (IC3) link to each other with the base stage of power switch pipe (BG1).

2, by the described a kind of controller for electric vehicle of claim 1, it is characterized in that be connected in parallel between 2 pin of proportional integral (PI) op amp (IC1) and 1 pin R4, C1, its 2 pin has also connected proportion resistor R3; Its 1 pin also links to each other with 5 pin of pulse width modulator (IC3) by R5, C2, C4.

3, by the described a kind of controller for electric vehicle of claim 1, it is characterized in that 3 pin of pulse width modulator (IC3) are connected to integrating capacitor C3 and R8,2 pin are connected to R9.