CN2284395Y - 3-phase crude oil water containing meter - Google Patents
3-phase crude oil water containing meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN2284395Y CN2284395Y CN 96240277 CN96240277U CN2284395Y CN 2284395 Y CN2284395 Y CN 2284395Y CN 96240277 CN96240277 CN 96240277 CN 96240277 U CN96240277 U CN 96240277U CN 2284395 Y CN2284395 Y CN 2284395Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a 3-phase crude oil water containing meter, which comprises a measuring pipeline, a ray generator, a ray detector, a computer, etc. The radially symmetrical positions at the outer wall of the measuring internal clearance of the measuring pipeline are respectively provided with the ray generator and the ray detector. Gamma rays with high energy and low energy generated by the ray generator can be recived by a scintillator of the ray detector to be changed into optical signals with high energy and low energy; when the light signals of the scintillator are input to a photomultiplier, signals generated by the photomultiplier can be connected with a signal processing circuit. Having the advantage of high measuring precision, the utility model can measure 50% void fraction.
Description
The utility model relates to a kind of three-phase crude oil water containing instrument.
At present, the measuring method of crude oil water containing, void fraction is a lot of, mainly contains vibration densimeter method, specific inductive capacity (electric capacity) determination method, electro-magnetic wave absorption method and radioactive ray absorption process etc.Rays method is owing to have characteristics such as non-cpntact measurement, and result of use is better.Particularly utilize the instrument of gamma-rays principle of absorption to obtain using comparatively widely.Better products is a ROH-1 type crude oil water containing on the home market at present, void fraction measuring instrument (celebrating company of section of nearly thing institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences product), its principle is to utilize transmission and the scattering of gamma-rays in crude oil, install and measure transmission signal with transmission detectors and gamma ray projector radial symmetry position, with gamma ray projector vertically in the certain limit place radially in a certain angle scattering detector be installed measured scattered signal, two measuring-signals are after signal processing circuit is handled, water percentage by the computing formula in the software in the computing machine, the void fraction computing formula calculates, the water percentage of this two computing formula, void fraction is that related function is solved an equation mutually and drawn; But during owing to mensuration transmission, scattering, transmission, scattering detector are at axial one-tenth certain distance and radially angled, the medium same section is less during the crude oil of then transmission, diffuse transmission measuring, water, gas content and incomplete same in the medium, thereby the correlativity of two computing formula is relatively poor, need the mixing gas-liquid when adopting this measuring instrument to measure, and it is when air content is above up to 30%, the gas-liquid mixed difference, its measuring accuracy is just not too accurate.
The purpose of this utility model is to measure water percentage for the measuring-signal that provides a kind of ray that utilizes transmission that gamma ray projector produces and two kinds of energy of scattering in ray generator to pass behind the same medium, and its measuring accuracy height, void fraction can be surveyed the three-phase crude oil water containing instrument to 50%.
The purpose of this utility model can realize by following measure:
A kind of three-phase crude oil water containing instrument contains measuring channel, ray generator, ray detector, computing machine etc.; Outer wall radial symmetry position in the measurement clearance of measuring channel is equipped with ray generator and ray detector respectively; The gamma-rays of high and low two kinds of energy that ray generator produces receives the light signal that becomes two kinds of intensity by the scintillator of ray detector, and the light signal of scintillator inputs to photomultiplier, and the electric signal and the signal processing circuit that are produced by photomultiplier link; Signal processing circuit is by amplifying and single track analysis circuit, gain stabilization circuit, counting interface circuit, computing machine, D/A converter are formed.
The purpose of this utility model also can realize by following measure:
The signal processing circuit of three-phase crude oil water containing instrument is the electric signal S by photomultiplier and auxiliary circuit output
1Link with the amplifier A in amplification and the single track analysis circuit, by the amplifying signal S of amplifier A output
2, S
5Respectively with amplification and single track analysis circuit in single-channel analyzer SCA
1With the single-channel analyzer SCA in the gain stabilization circuit
2Link, by single-channel analyzer SCA
1, SCA
2The electric signal of output all links with the counting interface circuit, and links with computing machine; , after the D/A converter conversion, amplify output by operational amplifier IC and link by the digital signal of computing machine output, and link with the defeated circuit that helps of photomultiplier with high-voltage power supply HV.
Amplifier A in amplification in the signal processing circuit and the single track analysis circuit is by triode T
4, T
5The differential amplifier circuit, the triode T that form
2, resistance R
9, R
5, R
6, diode D
2The common-base amplification circuit, the triode T that form
3, T
1The compositions of forming such as emitter follower; Electric signal S by ray detector output
1Pass through resistance R
10With the triode T in the differential amplifier circuit of amplifier A
4Base stage link triode T
4Collector output electric signal and the triode T of common-base amplification circuit
2The radio utmost point link; Triode T
2Collector output electric signal and the triode T of emitter follower
3Base stage link, by triode T
1Collector through resistance R
3, R
2, capacitor C
1Output electric signal S
2, S
5Single-channel analyzer SCA in the signal processing circuit
1, SCA
2Circuit identical, all form by Schmidt trigger, rest-set flip-flop, monostable circuit and rejection gate; Electric signal S by the output of the amplifier A in amplification and the single track analysis circuit
2, S
5In road signal through voltage comparator U
1, U
2Relatively, respectively with by U
10A, U
10BAnd U
9A, U
9BThe input end of two Schmidt triggers of forming links, by Schmidt trigger U
10A3 pin and U
9AThe electric signal of 6 pin output link with R, the S end of rest-set flip-flop respectively; And by the electric signal of 3 pin of Schmidt trigger output with by U
10C, U
10DThe input end of the monostable circuit of forming links, by U
10DThe electric signal of 11 pin output with electric signal AND U by the Q end output of rest-set flip-flop
5AInput end link, by its output electric signal.
In the software for calculation of computing machine, contain two computing formula in addition:
η represents water percentage in formula (1), (2), and λ represents that gas phase shared relative cross-section in cross section is a void fraction, and No, No ' represent low and high energy bundle gamma-rays source strength counting rate (when promptly not passing medium), N respectively
k, N '
kRepresent that respectively low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes the counting rate of measured medium, μ w, μ w ' represent that respectively low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes the moisture absorption coefficient that its generation is absorbed in the crude oil, oil produced the absorption coefficient that absorbs to it when μ p, μ p ' represented respectively that low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes crude oil, and D represents the thickness of the measured medium in the measurement clearance; μ w, μ w ', μ p, μ p ' are constant to a kind of constant medium, can draw by on-site proving.
The utility model has following advantage compared to existing technology:
1, the utility model utilizes the gamma-rays bombardment target metal sheet of the gamma ray projector emission in the ray generator to produce secondary X-ray, and produce two kinds of gamma-rays that energy is different by the method that the reflecting body backscattering produces scattered, the gamma-rays of two kinds of different energy levels passes the measured medium of same measurement clearance, because same medium is to the absorption coefficient difference of the ray of two kinds of different energy levels, thereby its to pass the energy that medium surveyed by scintillator also different, its counting is also just different, thereby can draw water percentage by the processing of computing machine.
2, the utility model is measured water percentage and void fraction because the method for same media is passed in employing, thereby water percentage is consistent and relevant with void fraction; Therefore measuring on the section, oil and water all do not influence its measurement result to the unevenness of content distribution in unevenness that gas phase distributes and the liquid phase.
3, measuring precision of water content in water of the present utility model can reach ± 2%, the highest void fraction can be surveyed to 50%.
Concrete structure of the present utility model is provided by the following drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model
1-measuring channel 2-measurement clearance 3-ray generator 4-ray detector
The anticorrosion cover of 5-ray emission source 6-target metal sheet 7-reflecting body 8-collimation hollow plate 9-
10-radome 11-scintillator 12-photomultiplier 13-auxiliary circuit 14-beryllium window
15-amplifies and single track analysis circuit 16-gain stabilization circuit 17-counting interface circuit
18-computing machine 19-D/A converter
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the utility model amplifier A
Fig. 3 is single-channel analyzer of the present utility model (two-way) circuit diagram
The utility model is also incited somebody to action in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and 1 embodiment is described in further detail:
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of three-phase crude oil water containing instrument, contain measuring channel 1, ray generator 3, ray detector 4, computing machine 18 etc., ray generator 3, ray detector 4, computing machine 18 all can adopt existing product, and ray detector 4 is made up of scintillator 11, photomultiplier 12 and auxiliary circuit 13 thereof; Outer wall radial symmetry position in the measurement clearance of measuring channel 1 is equipped with ray generator 3 and ray detector 4 respectively; The gamma-rays of high and low two kinds of energy that ray generator 3 produces receives the light signal that becomes two kinds of intensity by Na (T1) scintillator 11 of ray detector 4, the light signal of scintillator 11 inputs to photomultiplier 12, and the electric signal and the signal processing circuit that are produced by photomultiplier 12 link; Signal processing circuit is by amplifying and single track analysis circuit 15, gain stabilization circuit 16, counting interface circuit 17, computing machine 18, D/A converter 19 are formed; Electric signal S by photomultiplier 12 and auxiliary circuit 13 outputs thereof
1Link with the amplifier A in amplification and the single track analysis circuit 15, by the amplifying signal S of amplifier A output
2, S
5Respectively with amplification and single track analysis circuit 15 in single-channel analyzer SCA
1With the single-channel analyzer SCA in the gain stabilization circuit 16
2Link, by single-channel analyzer SCA
1, SCA
2The electric signal of output all links with counting interface circuit 17, and links with computing machine 18; , after D/A converter 19 conversions, amplify output by operational amplifier IC and link by the digital signal of computing machine 18 output, and link with the defeated circuit 13 that helps of photomultiplier 12 with high-voltage power supply HV.With reference to Fig. 2, the amplifier A in amplification in the signal processing circuit and the single track analysis circuit 15 is by triode T
4, T
5The differential amplifier circuit, the triode T that form
2, resistance R
9, R
5, R
6, diode D
2The common-base amplification circuit, the triode T that form
3, T
1The compositions of forming such as emitter follower; Electric signal S by ray detector 4 outputs
1Pass through resistance R
10With the triode T in the differential amplifier circuit of amplifier A
4Base stage link triode T
4Collector output electric signal and the triode T of common-base amplification circuit
2The radio utmost point link; Triode T
2Collector output electric signal and the triode T of emitter follower
3Base stage link, by triode T
1Collector through resistance R
3, R
2, capacitor C
1Output electric signal S
2, S
5With reference to Fig. 3, the single-channel analyzer SCA in the signal processing circuit
1, SCA
2Circuit identical, all form by Schmidt trigger, rest-set flip-flop, monostable circuit and rejection gate; Electric signal S by the output of the amplifier A in amplification and the single track analysis circuit 15
2, S
5In road signal through voltage comparator U
1, U
2Relatively, respectively with by U
10A, U
10BAnd U
9A, U
9BThe input end of two Schmidt triggers of forming links, by Schmidt trigger U
10A3 pin and U
9AThe electric signal of 6 pin output link with R, the S end of rest-set flip-flop respectively; And by the electric signal of 3 pin of Schmidt trigger output with by U
10C, U
10DThe input end of the monostable circuit of forming links, by U
10DThe electric signal of 11 pin output with electric signal AND U by the Q end output of rest-set flip-flop
5AInput end link, by its output electric signal.In the software for calculation of computing machine 18, contain two computing formula:
Output
η represents water percentage in formula (1), (2), and λ represents that gas phase shared relative cross-section in cross section is a void fraction, and No, No ' represent low and high energy bundle gamma-rays source strength counting rate (when promptly not passing medium), N respectively
k, N '
kRepresent that respectively low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes the counting rate of measured medium, μ w, μ w ' represent that respectively low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes the moisture of crude oil it is produced the absorption coefficient that absorbs, oil produced the absorption coefficient that absorbs to it when μ p, μ p ' represented respectively that low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes crude oil, and D represents the thickness of the measured medium in the measurement clearance 2; μ w, μ w ', μ p, μ p ' are constant to a kind of constant medium, can draw by on-site proving.
To the demarcation of the μ w in formula (1), (2), μ p, μ ' w, μ ' p, can measure by the following method; When measured medium was full oil, μ w, μ ' w were 0, η=0, λ=0, then separated (1), (2) formula draws:
Counting rate when N oil, N ' oil content do not represent that the gamma-rays of low-lying level and high level passes complete oily medium in the formula.When the full water of measured medium, μ p, μ ' p are 0, η=1, and λ=0, then separate (1), (2) formula can draw:
, the counting rate when N water, N ' water represent respectively that low energy energy level and high level gamma-rays pass full aqueous medium in the formula.By the absorption coefficient of on-site proving, then can be suitable for the measurement of this on-the-spot oil product, also can be used as constant.
Principle of work of the present utility model is as follows:
Gamma-rays bombardment target metal sheet 6 by gamma ray projector 5 emissions produces secondary κ ray; Be reflected body 7 of part gamma-rays produces scattereds; Secondary κ ray and scattered enter measurement clearance 2 by collimation orifice plate 8 and anticorrosion cover 9 together, pass strength retrogression behind the measured medium, then by the anticorrosion cover 9 before the detector 4, the Na (T that quick window 14 is detected device 4
1) scintillator 11 receives becomes light signal, converts electric signal to by photomultiplier 12.Electric signal S by its auxiliary circuit 13 outputs
1Be passed to the input end of amplifier A, pass through resistance R
10To triode T
4Base stage.Via T
4, T
5The differential amplifier circuit that constitutes amplifies after the paraphase by T
4The pulse of collector output cathode to T
2Emitter.T
2, R
9, R
5, D
2And R
6Constitute the single tube common-base amplification circuit.Signal after secondary amplifies by T
2The pulse of collector output cathode to T
3Base stage.T
3, T
1Constitute an emitter follower, at last by T
1Collector through resistance R
3, R
2, capacitor C
1The output pulse of output cathode.For improving the stability of amplifier A, insert resistance R
1The parallel negative feedback of voltage that constitutes.C
3, R
7And R
8Constitute " bootstrapping " circuit to improve T
2The amplifier stage open-loop gain.Positive pulse signal S by amplifier A output
2Or S
5Be input to voltage comparator U simultaneously
1, U
2When the amplitude of input pulse both 〉=U
1Datum (by W
4Provide), again 〉=U
2Datum (by W
3Provide) time, comparer U
1Export a negative pulse, warp is Schmidt trigger (U down
10A, U
10B) be shaped afterwards by U
10A3 pin export a positive pulse to the R of rest-set flip-flop end.And comparer U
2The negative pulse of output is through last Schmidt trigger (U
9A, U
9B) be shaped afterwards by U
9A6 pin export a negative pulse to R
3The S end of trigger.Simultaneously, the positive pulse of 3 pin of following Schmidt trigger output triggers monostable circuit (U behind differential
10C, U
10D), by U
10D11 pin export a negative pulse to rejection gate U
5AAn input end; By U
10C8 pin export a positive pulse to the R of rest-set flip-flop end.The Q output terminal of rest-set flip-flop is connected to rejection gate U
5AAnother input end.Under the situation that Schmidt trigger all is triggered up and down, according to above-mentioned signal annexation, the input end of rest-set flip-flop is S=0, and R=1 is so its Q output terminal is 1.And rejection gate U
5ABe input as 1,0, it is output as 0, i.e. the no-output pulse signal.When only having following Schmidt trigger to be triggered, the input end of rest-set flip-flop is S=0, and so R=0 is Q=0.Rejection gate U
5ABe input as 0,0, it is output as 1, promptly produce one output pulse.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of three-phase crude oil water containing instrument contains measuring channel (1), ray generator (3), ray detector (4), computing machine (18) etc.; It is characterized in that ray generator (3) and ray detector (4) being housed respectively in the outer wall radial symmetry position of the measurement clearance of measuring channel (1); The gamma-rays of high and low two kinds of energy that ray generator (3) produces receives the light signal that becomes two kinds of intensity by the scintillator (11) of ray detector (4), the light signal of scintillator (11) inputs to photomultiplier (12), and the electric signal and the signal processing circuit that are produced by photomultiplier (12) link; Signal processing circuit is by amplifying and single track analysis circuit (15), gain stabilization circuit (16), counting interface circuit (17), computing machine (18), D/A converter (19) are formed.
2, three-phase crude oil water containing instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the electric signal S by photomultiplier (12) and auxiliary circuit (13) output thereof
1Link with the amplifier A in amplification and the single track analysis circuit (15), by the amplifying signal S of amplifier A output
2, S
5Respectively with amplification and single track analysis circuit (15) in single-channel analyzer SCA
1With the single-channel analyzer SCA in the gain stabilization circuit (16)
2Link, by single-channel analyzer SCA
1, SCA
2The electric signal of output all links with counting interface circuit (17), and links with computing machine (18); , after D/A converter (19) conversion, amplify output by operational amplifier IC and link by the digital signal of computing machine (18) output, and link with the defeated circuit (13) that helps of photomultiplier (12) with high-voltage power supply HV.
3, three-phase crude oil water containing instrument as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that amplification in the signal processing circuit and the amplifier A in the single track analysis circuit (15) are by triode T
4, T
5The differential amplifier circuit of forming.Triode T
2Resistance R
9, R
5, R
6, diode D
2The common-base amplification circuit, the triode T that form
3, T
1The compositions of forming such as emitter follower; Electric signal S by ray detector (4) output
1Pass through resistance R
10With the triode T in the differential amplifier circuit of amplifier A
4Base stage link triode T
4Collector output electric signal and the triode T of common-base amplification circuit
2The radio utmost point link; Triode T
2Collector output electric signal and the triode T of emitter follower
3Base stage link, by triode T
1Collector through resistance R
3, R
2, capacitor C
1The output electric signal.
4, three-phase crude oil water containing instrument as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the single-channel analyzer SCA in the signal processing circuit
1, SCA
2Circuit identical, all form by Schmidt trigger, rest-set flip-flop, monostable circuit and rejection gate; Electric signal S by the output of the amplifier A in amplification and the single track analysis circuit
2, S
5In road signal through voltage comparator U
1, U
2Relatively, respectively with by U
10A, U
10BAnd U
9A, U
9BThe input end of two Schmidt triggers of forming links, by Schmidt trigger U
10A3 pin and U
9AThe electric signal of 6 pin output link with R, the S end of rest-set flip-flop respectively; And by the electric signal of 3 pin of Schmidt trigger output with by U
10C, U
10DThe input end of the monostable circuit of forming links, by U
10DThe electric signal of 11 pin output with electric signal AND U by the Q end output of rest-set flip-flop
5AInput end link, by its output electric signal.
5, as claim 1,2 described three-phase crude oil water containing instrument, it is characterized in that in the software for calculation of computing machine (18), containing two computing formula:
η represents water percentage in formula (1), (2), and λ represents that gas phase shared relative cross-section in cross section is a void fraction, and No, No ' represent low and high energy bundle gamma-rays source strength counting rate (when promptly not passing medium), N respectively
k, N '
kRepresent that respectively low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes the counting rate of measured medium, μ w, μ w ' represent that respectively low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes the moisture absorption coefficient that its generation is absorbed in the crude oil, oil produced the absorption coefficient that absorbs to it when μ p, μ p ' represented respectively that low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes crude oil, and D represents the thickness of the measured medium in the measurement clearance (2); μ w, μ w ', μ p, μ p ' are constant to a kind of constant medium, can draw by on-site proving.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN 96240277 CN2284395Y (en) | 1996-11-06 | 1996-11-06 | 3-phase crude oil water containing meter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN 96240277 CN2284395Y (en) | 1996-11-06 | 1996-11-06 | 3-phase crude oil water containing meter |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN2284395Y true CN2284395Y (en) | 1998-06-17 |
Family
ID=33915066
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN 96240277 Expired - Fee Related CN2284395Y (en) | 1996-11-06 | 1996-11-06 | 3-phase crude oil water containing meter |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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CN (1) | CN2284395Y (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103558233A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2014-02-05 | 北华航天工业学院 | Gamma-ray based petroleum component analysis method and analysis method thereof |
CN104373121A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-02-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Downhole ray type water content monitor |
CN109270092A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-25 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of system and method using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow |
-
1996
- 1996-11-06 CN CN 96240277 patent/CN2284395Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103558233A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2014-02-05 | 北华航天工业学院 | Gamma-ray based petroleum component analysis method and analysis method thereof |
CN104373121A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-02-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Downhole ray type water content monitor |
CN104373121B (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2017-10-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Downhole ray type water content monitor |
CN109270092A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-25 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of system and method using void fraction in low-energyγ-ray measurement biphase gas and liquid flow |
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Legal Events
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---|---|---|---|
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |