CN2284395Y - 3-phase crude oil water containing meter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a 3-phase crude oil water containing meter, which comprises a measuring pipeline, a ray generator, a ray detector, a computer, etc. The radially symmetrical positions at the outer wall of the measuring internal clearance of the measuring pipeline are respectively provided with the ray generator and the ray detector. Gamma rays with high energy and low energy generated by the ray generator can be recived by a scintillator of the ray detector to be changed into optical signals with high energy and low energy; when the light signals of the scintillator are input to a photomultiplier, signals generated by the photomultiplier can be connected with a signal processing circuit. Having the advantage of high measuring precision, the utility model can measure 50% void fraction.

Description

Three-phase crude oil water containing instrument

The utility model relates to a kind of three-phase crude oil water containing instrument.

At present, the measuring method of crude oil water containing, void fraction is a lot of, mainly contains vibration densimeter method, specific inductive capacity (electric capacity) determination method, electro-magnetic wave absorption method and radioactive ray absorption process etc.Rays method is owing to have characteristics such as non-cpntact measurement, and result of use is better.Particularly utilize the instrument of gamma-rays principle of absorption to obtain using comparatively widely.Better products is a ROH-1 type crude oil water containing on the home market at present, void fraction measuring instrument (celebrating company of section of nearly thing institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences product), its principle is to utilize transmission and the scattering of gamma-rays in crude oil, install and measure transmission signal with transmission detectors and gamma ray projector radial symmetry position, with gamma ray projector vertically in the certain limit place radially in a certain angle scattering detector be installed measured scattered signal, two measuring-signals are after signal processing circuit is handled, water percentage by the computing formula in the software in the computing machine, the void fraction computing formula calculates, the water percentage of this two computing formula, void fraction is that related function is solved an equation mutually and drawn; But during owing to mensuration transmission, scattering, transmission, scattering detector are at axial one-tenth certain distance and radially angled, the medium same section is less during the crude oil of then transmission, diffuse transmission measuring, water, gas content and incomplete same in the medium, thereby the correlativity of two computing formula is relatively poor, need the mixing gas-liquid when adopting this measuring instrument to measure, and it is when air content is above up to 30%, the gas-liquid mixed difference, its measuring accuracy is just not too accurate.

The purpose of this utility model is to measure water percentage for the measuring-signal that provides a kind of ray that utilizes transmission that gamma ray projector produces and two kinds of energy of scattering in ray generator to pass behind the same medium, and its measuring accuracy height, void fraction can be surveyed the three-phase crude oil water containing instrument to 50%.

The purpose of this utility model can realize by following measure:

A kind of three-phase crude oil water containing instrument contains measuring channel, ray generator, ray detector, computing machine etc.; Outer wall radial symmetry position in the measurement clearance of measuring channel is equipped with ray generator and ray detector respectively; The gamma-rays of high and low two kinds of energy that ray generator produces receives the light signal that becomes two kinds of intensity by the scintillator of ray detector, and the light signal of scintillator inputs to photomultiplier, and the electric signal and the signal processing circuit that are produced by photomultiplier link; Signal processing circuit is by amplifying and single track analysis circuit, gain stabilization circuit, counting interface circuit, computing machine, D/A converter are formed.

The purpose of this utility model also can realize by following measure:

The signal processing circuit of three-phase crude oil water containing instrument is the electric signal S by photomultiplier and auxiliary circuit output ₁Link with the amplifier A in amplification and the single track analysis circuit, by the amplifying signal S of amplifier A output ₂, S ₅Respectively with amplification and single track analysis circuit in single-channel analyzer SCA ₁With the single-channel analyzer SCA in the gain stabilization circuit ₂Link, by single-channel analyzer SCA ₁, SCA ₂The electric signal of output all links with the counting interface circuit, and links with computing machine; , after the D/A converter conversion, amplify output by operational amplifier IC and link by the digital signal of computing machine output, and link with the defeated circuit that helps of photomultiplier with high-voltage power supply HV.

Amplifier A in amplification in the signal processing circuit and the single track analysis circuit is by triode T ₄, T ₅The differential amplifier circuit, the triode T that form ₂, resistance R ₉, R ₅, R ₆, diode D ₂The common-base amplification circuit, the triode T that form ₃, T ₁The compositions of forming such as emitter follower; Electric signal S by ray detector output ₁Pass through resistance R ₁₀With the triode T in the differential amplifier circuit of amplifier A ₄Base stage link triode T ₄Collector output electric signal and the triode T of common-base amplification circuit ₂The radio utmost point link; Triode T ₂Collector output electric signal and the triode T of emitter follower ₃Base stage link, by triode T ₁Collector through resistance R ₃, R ₂, capacitor C ₁Output electric signal S ₂, S ₅Single-channel analyzer SCA in the signal processing circuit ₁, SCA ₂Circuit identical, all form by Schmidt trigger, rest-set flip-flop, monostable circuit and rejection gate; Electric signal S by the output of the amplifier A in amplification and the single track analysis circuit ₂, S ₅In road signal through voltage comparator U ₁, U ₂Relatively, respectively with by U _10A, U _10BAnd U _9A, U _9BThe input end of two Schmidt triggers of forming links, by Schmidt trigger U _10A3 pin and U _9AThe electric signal of 6 pin output link with R, the S end of rest-set flip-flop respectively; And by the electric signal of 3 pin of Schmidt trigger output with by U _10C, U _10DThe input end of the monostable circuit of forming links, by U _10DThe electric signal of 11 pin output with electric signal AND U by the Q end output of rest-set flip-flop _5AInput end link, by its output electric signal.

In the software for calculation of computing machine, contain two computing formula in addition: $\mathrm{\η}=\frac{[\mathrm{Ln}(\mathrm{No}/\mathrm{Nk})/D(1-\mathrm{\λ})]-\mathrm{\μp}}{\mathrm{\μw}-\mathrm{\μp}}----\left(1\right)$ $\mathrm{\λ}=1-\frac{\mathrm{Ln}(N^{\′}o/{N^{\′}}_k)/D}{{\mathrm{\μp}}^{\′}+\mathrm{\η}({\mathrm{\μw}}^{\′}-{\mathrm{\μp}}^{\′})}----\left(2\right);$ η represents water percentage in formula (1), (2), and λ represents that gas phase shared relative cross-section in cross section is a void fraction, and No, No ' represent low and high energy bundle gamma-rays source strength counting rate (when promptly not passing medium), N respectively _k, N ' _kRepresent that respectively low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes the counting rate of measured medium, μ w, μ w ' represent that respectively low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes the moisture absorption coefficient that its generation is absorbed in the crude oil, oil produced the absorption coefficient that absorbs to it when μ p, μ p ' represented respectively that low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes crude oil, and D represents the thickness of the measured medium in the measurement clearance; μ w, μ w ', μ p, μ p ' are constant to a kind of constant medium, can draw by on-site proving.

The utility model has following advantage compared to existing technology:

1, the utility model utilizes the gamma-rays bombardment target metal sheet of the gamma ray projector emission in the ray generator to produce secondary X-ray, and produce two kinds of gamma-rays that energy is different by the method that the reflecting body backscattering produces scattered, the gamma-rays of two kinds of different energy levels passes the measured medium of same measurement clearance, because same medium is to the absorption coefficient difference of the ray of two kinds of different energy levels, thereby its to pass the energy that medium surveyed by scintillator also different, its counting is also just different, thereby can draw water percentage by the processing of computing machine.

2, the utility model is measured water percentage and void fraction because the method for same media is passed in employing, thereby water percentage is consistent and relevant with void fraction; Therefore measuring on the section, oil and water all do not influence its measurement result to the unevenness of content distribution in unevenness that gas phase distributes and the liquid phase.

3, measuring precision of water content in water of the present utility model can reach ± 2%, the highest void fraction can be surveyed to 50%.

Concrete structure of the present utility model is provided by the following drawings:

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model

1-measuring channel 2-measurement clearance 3-ray generator 4-ray detector

The anticorrosion cover of 5-ray emission source 6-target metal sheet 7-reflecting body 8-collimation hollow plate 9-

10-radome 11-scintillator 12-photomultiplier 13-auxiliary circuit 14-beryllium window

15-amplifies and single track analysis circuit 16-gain stabilization circuit 17-counting interface circuit

18-computing machine 19-D/A converter

Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the utility model amplifier A

Fig. 3 is single-channel analyzer of the present utility model (two-way) circuit diagram

The utility model is also incited somebody to action in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and 1 embodiment is described in further detail:

With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of three-phase crude oil water containing instrument, contain measuring channel 1, ray generator 3, ray detector 4, computing machine 18 etc., ray generator 3, ray detector 4, computing machine 18 all can adopt existing product, and ray detector 4 is made up of scintillator 11, photomultiplier 12 and auxiliary circuit 13 thereof; Outer wall radial symmetry position in the measurement clearance of measuring channel 1 is equipped with ray generator 3 and ray detector 4 respectively; The gamma-rays of high and low two kinds of energy that ray generator 3 produces receives the light signal that becomes two kinds of intensity by Na (T1) scintillator 11 of ray detector 4, the light signal of scintillator 11 inputs to photomultiplier 12, and the electric signal and the signal processing circuit that are produced by photomultiplier 12 link; Signal processing circuit is by amplifying and single track analysis circuit 15, gain stabilization circuit 16, counting interface circuit 17, computing machine 18, D/A converter 19 are formed; Electric signal S by photomultiplier 12 and auxiliary circuit 13 outputs thereof ₁Link with the amplifier A in amplification and the single track analysis circuit 15, by the amplifying signal S of amplifier A output ₂, S ₅Respectively with amplification and single track analysis circuit 15 in single-channel analyzer SCA ₁With the single-channel analyzer SCA in the gain stabilization circuit 16 ₂Link, by single-channel analyzer SCA ₁, SCA ₂The electric signal of output all links with counting interface circuit 17, and links with computing machine 18; , after D/A converter 19 conversions, amplify output by operational amplifier IC and link by the digital signal of computing machine 18 output, and link with the defeated circuit 13 that helps of photomultiplier 12 with high-voltage power supply HV.With reference to Fig. 2, the amplifier A in amplification in the signal processing circuit and the single track analysis circuit 15 is by triode T ₄, T ₅The differential amplifier circuit, the triode T that form ₂, resistance R ₉, R ₅, R ₆, diode D ₂The common-base amplification circuit, the triode T that form ₃, T ₁The compositions of forming such as emitter follower; Electric signal S by ray detector 4 outputs ₁Pass through resistance R ₁₀With the triode T in the differential amplifier circuit of amplifier A ₄Base stage link triode T ₄Collector output electric signal and the triode T of common-base amplification circuit ₂The radio utmost point link; Triode T ₂Collector output electric signal and the triode T of emitter follower ₃Base stage link, by triode T ₁Collector through resistance R ₃, R ₂, capacitor C ₁Output electric signal S ₂, S ₅With reference to Fig. 3, the single-channel analyzer SCA in the signal processing circuit ₁, SCA ₂Circuit identical, all form by Schmidt trigger, rest-set flip-flop, monostable circuit and rejection gate; Electric signal S by the output of the amplifier A in amplification and the single track analysis circuit 15 ₂, S ₅In road signal through voltage comparator U ₁, U ₂Relatively, respectively with by U _10A, U _10BAnd U _9A, U _9BThe input end of two Schmidt triggers of forming links, by Schmidt trigger U _10A3 pin and U _9AThe electric signal of 6 pin output link with R, the S end of rest-set flip-flop respectively; And by the electric signal of 3 pin of Schmidt trigger output with by U _10C, U _10DThe input end of the monostable circuit of forming links, by U _10DThe electric signal of 11 pin output with electric signal AND U by the Q end output of rest-set flip-flop _5AInput end link, by its output electric signal.In the software for calculation of computing machine 18, contain two computing formula: $\mathrm{\η}=\frac{[\mathrm{Ln}(\mathrm{No}/\mathrm{Nk})/D(1-\mathrm{\λ})]-\mathrm{\μp}}{\mathrm{\μw}-\mathrm{\μp}}----\left(1\right)$ Output $\mathrm{\λ}=1-\frac{\mathrm{Ln}(N^{\′}o/{N^{\′}}_k)/D}{{\mathrm{\μp}}^{\′}+\mathrm{\η}({\mathrm{\μw}}^{\′}-{\mathrm{\μp}}^{\′})}----\left(2\right);$ η represents water percentage in formula (1), (2), and λ represents that gas phase shared relative cross-section in cross section is a void fraction, and No, No ' represent low and high energy bundle gamma-rays source strength counting rate (when promptly not passing medium), N respectively _k, N ' _kRepresent that respectively low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes the counting rate of measured medium, μ w, μ w ' represent that respectively low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes the moisture of crude oil it is produced the absorption coefficient that absorbs, oil produced the absorption coefficient that absorbs to it when μ p, μ p ' represented respectively that low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes crude oil, and D represents the thickness of the measured medium in the measurement clearance 2; μ w, μ w ', μ p, μ p ' are constant to a kind of constant medium, can draw by on-site proving.

To the demarcation of the μ w in formula (1), (2), μ p, μ ' w, μ ' p, can measure by the following method; When measured medium was full oil, μ w, μ ' w were 0, η=0, λ=0, then separated (1), (2) formula draws:

Counting rate when N oil, N ' oil content do not represent that the gamma-rays of low-lying level and high level passes complete oily medium in the formula.When the full water of measured medium, μ p, μ ' p are 0, η=1, and λ=0, then separate (1), (2) formula can draw: , the counting rate when N water, N ' water represent respectively that low energy energy level and high level gamma-rays pass full aqueous medium in the formula.By the absorption coefficient of on-site proving, then can be suitable for the measurement of this on-the-spot oil product, also can be used as constant.

Principle of work of the present utility model is as follows:

Gamma-rays bombardment target metal sheet 6 by gamma ray projector 5 emissions produces secondary κ ray; Be reflected body 7 of part gamma-rays produces scattereds; Secondary κ ray and scattered enter measurement clearance 2 by collimation orifice plate 8 and anticorrosion cover 9 together, pass strength retrogression behind the measured medium, then by the anticorrosion cover 9 before the detector 4, the Na (T that quick window 14 is detected device 4 ₁) scintillator 11 receives becomes light signal, converts electric signal to by photomultiplier 12.Electric signal S by its auxiliary circuit 13 outputs ₁Be passed to the input end of amplifier A, pass through resistance R ₁₀To triode T ₄Base stage.Via T ₄, T ₅The differential amplifier circuit that constitutes amplifies after the paraphase by T ₄The pulse of collector output cathode to T ₂Emitter.T ₂, R ₉, R ₅, D ₂And R ₆Constitute the single tube common-base amplification circuit.Signal after secondary amplifies by T ₂The pulse of collector output cathode to T ₃Base stage.T ₃, T ₁Constitute an emitter follower, at last by T ₁Collector through resistance R ₃, R ₂, capacitor C ₁The output pulse of output cathode.For improving the stability of amplifier A, insert resistance R ₁The parallel negative feedback of voltage that constitutes.C ₃, R ₇And R ₈Constitute " bootstrapping " circuit to improve T ₂The amplifier stage open-loop gain.Positive pulse signal S by amplifier A output ₂Or S ₅Be input to voltage comparator U simultaneously ₁, U ₂When the amplitude of input pulse both 〉=U ₁Datum (by W ₄Provide), again 〉=U ₂Datum (by W ₃Provide) time, comparer U ₁Export a negative pulse, warp is Schmidt trigger (U down _10A, U _10B) be shaped afterwards by U _10A3 pin export a positive pulse to the R of rest-set flip-flop end.And comparer U ₂The negative pulse of output is through last Schmidt trigger (U _9A, U _9B) be shaped afterwards by U _9A6 pin export a negative pulse to R ₃The S end of trigger.Simultaneously, the positive pulse of 3 pin of following Schmidt trigger output triggers monostable circuit (U behind differential _10C, U _10D), by U _10D11 pin export a negative pulse to rejection gate U _5AAn input end; By U _10C8 pin export a positive pulse to the R of rest-set flip-flop end.The Q output terminal of rest-set flip-flop is connected to rejection gate U _5AAnother input end.Under the situation that Schmidt trigger all is triggered up and down, according to above-mentioned signal annexation, the input end of rest-set flip-flop is S=0, and R=1 is so its Q output terminal is 1.And rejection gate U _5ABe input as 1,0, it is output as 0, i.e. the no-output pulse signal.When only having following Schmidt trigger to be triggered, the input end of rest-set flip-flop is S=0, and so R=0 is Q=0.Rejection gate U _5ABe input as 0,0, it is output as 1, promptly produce one output pulse.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of three-phase crude oil water containing instrument contains measuring channel (1), ray generator (3), ray detector (4), computing machine (18) etc.; It is characterized in that ray generator (3) and ray detector (4) being housed respectively in the outer wall radial symmetry position of the measurement clearance of measuring channel (1); The gamma-rays of high and low two kinds of energy that ray generator (3) produces receives the light signal that becomes two kinds of intensity by the scintillator (11) of ray detector (4), the light signal of scintillator (11) inputs to photomultiplier (12), and the electric signal and the signal processing circuit that are produced by photomultiplier (12) link; Signal processing circuit is by amplifying and single track analysis circuit (15), gain stabilization circuit (16), counting interface circuit (17), computing machine (18), D/A converter (19) are formed.

2, three-phase crude oil water containing instrument as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the electric signal S by photomultiplier (12) and auxiliary circuit (13) output thereof ₁Link with the amplifier A in amplification and the single track analysis circuit (15), by the amplifying signal S of amplifier A output ₂, S ₅Respectively with amplification and single track analysis circuit (15) in single-channel analyzer SCA ₁With the single-channel analyzer SCA in the gain stabilization circuit (16) ₂Link, by single-channel analyzer SCA ₁, SCA ₂The electric signal of output all links with counting interface circuit (17), and links with computing machine (18); , after D/A converter (19) conversion, amplify output by operational amplifier IC and link by the digital signal of computing machine (18) output, and link with the defeated circuit (13) that helps of photomultiplier (12) with high-voltage power supply HV.

3, three-phase crude oil water containing instrument as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that amplification in the signal processing circuit and the amplifier A in the single track analysis circuit (15) are by triode T ₄, T ₅The differential amplifier circuit of forming.Triode T ₂Resistance R ₉, R ₅, R ₆, diode D ₂The common-base amplification circuit, the triode T that form ₃, T ₁The compositions of forming such as emitter follower; Electric signal S by ray detector (4) output ₁Pass through resistance R ₁₀With the triode T in the differential amplifier circuit of amplifier A ₄Base stage link triode T ₄Collector output electric signal and the triode T of common-base amplification circuit ₂The radio utmost point link; Triode T ₂Collector output electric signal and the triode T of emitter follower ₃Base stage link, by triode T ₁Collector through resistance R ₃, R ₂, capacitor C ₁The output electric signal.

4, three-phase crude oil water containing instrument as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the single-channel analyzer SCA in the signal processing circuit ₁, SCA ₂Circuit identical, all form by Schmidt trigger, rest-set flip-flop, monostable circuit and rejection gate; Electric signal S by the output of the amplifier A in amplification and the single track analysis circuit ₂, S ₅In road signal through voltage comparator U ₁, U ₂Relatively, respectively with by U _10A, U _10BAnd U _9A, U _9BThe input end of two Schmidt triggers of forming links, by Schmidt trigger U _10A3 pin and U _9AThe electric signal of 6 pin output link with R, the S end of rest-set flip-flop respectively; And by the electric signal of 3 pin of Schmidt trigger output with by U _10C, U _10DThe input end of the monostable circuit of forming links, by U _10DThe electric signal of 11 pin output with electric signal AND U by the Q end output of rest-set flip-flop _5AInput end link, by its output electric signal.

5, as claim 1,2 described three-phase crude oil water containing instrument, it is characterized in that in the software for calculation of computing machine (18), containing two computing formula: $\mathrm{\η}=\frac{[\mathrm{Ln}(\mathrm{No}/\mathrm{Nk})/D-(1-\mathrm{\λ})]-\mathrm{\μp}}{\mathrm{\μw}-\mathrm{\μp}}----\left(1\right)$ $\mathrm{\λ}=1-\frac{\mathrm{Ln}(N^{\′}o/{N^{\′}}_k)/D}{{\mathrm{\μp}}^{\′}+\mathrm{\η}({\mathrm{\μw}}^{\′}-{\mathrm{\μp}}^{\′})}----\left(2\right);$ η represents water percentage in formula (1), (2), and λ represents that gas phase shared relative cross-section in cross section is a void fraction, and No, No ' represent low and high energy bundle gamma-rays source strength counting rate (when promptly not passing medium), N respectively _k, N ' _kRepresent that respectively low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes the counting rate of measured medium, μ w, μ w ' represent that respectively low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes the moisture absorption coefficient that its generation is absorbed in the crude oil, oil produced the absorption coefficient that absorbs to it when μ p, μ p ' represented respectively that low and high energy bundle gamma-rays passes crude oil, and D represents the thickness of the measured medium in the measurement clearance (2); μ w, μ w ', μ p, μ p ' are constant to a kind of constant medium, can draw by on-site proving.

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