CN220977871U

CN220977871U - Self-protection type debris flow blocking dam combined system

Info

Publication number: CN220977871U
Application number: CN202322730098.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄金燕; 刘兴荣; 张金霞; 马彦杰; 李启润
Original assignee: Geological Natural Disaster Prevention Research Institute Gansu Academy Of Sciences
Current assignee: Geological Natural Disaster Prevention Research Institute Gansu Academy Of Sciences
Priority date: 2023-10-11
Filing date: 2023-10-11
Publication date: 2024-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 2033-10-11

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-protection type debris flow blocking dam combination system. Aiming at the defect of insufficient water-stone separation capability of the existing product, the utility model provides a self-protection type debris flow blocking dam combination system which comprises a protective net wall, a main blocking dam, an auxiliary dam I, an auxiliary dam II and two side protective walls; a stone paving guard is arranged between the main blocking dam and the auxiliary dam I, and an anti-collision tooth array is arranged between the auxiliary dam I and the auxiliary dam II. The upstream protective wall is provided with two splayed straight walls, the downstream protective wall is provided with two arched wall sub-dams I protruding to the bank slopes at two sides, the ground base part of the sub-dam I is provided with a round pipe culvert, and the sub-dam II can be of a sinking structure. The system sequentially comprises a flexible protective net, a rigid main blocking dam, a flexible retaining net, a low dam culvert pipe diversion, an energy dissipation anti-impact tooth array and a sinking dam protecting base along the channel direction, and a novel mode of 'flexible-rigid interphase' comprehensive prevention and protection is embodied. The self-protection type debris flow blocking dam combination system is made of materials and processes which are commonly used in the current debris flow prevention engineering structures, has low manufacturing cost and is suitable for popularization.

Description

Self-protection type debris flow blocking dam combined system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a debris flow prevention engineering body, in particular to a self-protection debris flow blocking dam engineering body, and belongs to the technical fields of geological disaster prevention and control technology and civil engineering.

Background

The blocking dam is an intuitive embodiment of the blocking concept in the mountain geological disaster prevention and control technical system. The dam has obvious effect in preventing and controlling debris flow disasters due to the characteristics of rapid construction, quick effect, economic cost and strong environmental adaptability, becomes the most common prevention and control engineering measure, and greatly reduces the risks and losses caused by mountain geological disasters represented by debris flow and high-sand-content flood.

However, in debris flow control, a dam that plays an important role also becomes the most important bearing structure for debris flow impact damage. In the debris flow channel treatment of the large-block stone which is rich and has flowing water throughout the year, the blocking dam has some defects in the aspects of construction, operation and the like, such as emptying and dumping of a dam foundation, crushing of the reinforced concrete guard against the large-block stone, endangering of the safety of the main dam, limited excavation depth of the underwater dam foundation, difficult construction and the like. In order to relieve the damage to a dam body caused by direct impact of the most main pre-dam mudstone fluid in a dam blocking engineering and the damage to a dam foundation caused by erosion of a downstream ditch bed of the dam by the over-dam scouring of the post-dam mudstone fluid, the prior art discloses a combined dam blocking technical scheme formed by adding upstream and downstream energy dissipation engineering measures around a main body of the dam blocking.

ZL2018214954606 discloses a self preservation protects formula mud-rock flow blocking dam, includes: the system comprises a main dam, a first auxiliary dam, a second auxiliary dam and a protective wall, wherein the first auxiliary dam is arranged at the downstream of the main dam; the main dam is provided with a water passing culvert, the ground height of the first auxiliary dam is not lower than the top height of the water passing culvert, the dam top height of the second auxiliary dam is consistent with the ground height of a channel where the second auxiliary dam is located, two sides of the main dam are respectively provided with a protective wall, and the protective walls extend from the end parts of the main dam to the end parts of the second auxiliary dam. The product can organically combine all parts of the structure of the blocking dam, fully exert the advantages of all structural bodies of the blocking dam, and finally achieve the purposes of reducing the excavation depth of the dam foundation of the main dam, reducing the impact damage of large stones in the debris flow, and simultaneously preventing the erosion damage of the dam abutment so as to ensure the safety of the main dam. However, in the actual engineering of the areas with higher rock proportion in the debris flow components, the self-protection debris flow blocking dam faces some adaptability defects, and mainly comprises the following steps: the upstream self-protection force of the main dam of the blocking dam is insufficient, and the direct damage on the upstream surface of the blocking dam is relieved in a limited way; the water culvert is easy to carry dreg and sludge mixture to be silted up due to channel water flow; the energy dissipation between the two dams has insufficient effect; the layout of the protective walls at two sides is in conflict with diffusion loss of mud stone fluid or water fluid in the channel, and is easy to be damaged by friction shearing and the like.

Disclosure of utility model

The utility model aims to provide a combined type blocking dam structure with an integrated control effect aiming at the defects of the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

A self preservation protects formula mud-rock flow blocking dam combined system which characterized in that: including main dam, auxiliary dam I, auxiliary dam II, both sides protection wall, its characterized in that: the upper reaches of main dam have the protection network wall, there is stone shop's fender tan between main dam and the vice dam I, there is the scour protection tooth battle array between vice dam I and the vice dam II.

The mud-rock flow blocking dam combination system surrounds the main blocking dam, and on the basis of the existing product, a protective net wall is added on the upstream of the main blocking dam to block trees and the like on the upstream, so that the blocking of the main blocking dam body is reduced, and the front passive protection is provided for the main blocking dam. An anti-collision tooth array is additionally arranged between the auxiliary dam I and the auxiliary dam II, so that the energy dissipation efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the stone-paved guard is a guard paved by large stones, and the anti-collision tooth array has the functions of water permeability and flexible buffering, and jointly reduces the erosion and dragging of mud-rock flow on a ditch bed after the dam. Therefore, a combined protection system is formed, and the systemic self-protection effect on the whole main blocking dam engineering is exerted.

The self-protection type debris flow blocking dam combination system has the following optimization scheme.

Further, the main dam back of dam is stepped on the water surface. The structure can reduce damage of mud-rock fluid to the dam foundation, the stone paving and retaining device and the protective wall of the main dam.

Further, the protective wall comprises an upstream protective wall, the upstream protective wall is provided with two straight walls which are arranged in a splayed manner, the downstream end of each straight wall is connected to the water facing surface side area of the main blocking dam, the upstream end extends in the direction of the upstream bank slope in an inclined manner, and the upstream end is a free end and is positioned between the main blocking dam and the protective net wall.

Further, the protective wall further comprises a downstream protective wall, the downstream protective wall is provided with two arched walls along the channel direction, the arched walls are respectively positioned at two sides of the main blocking dam, the auxiliary dam I and the auxiliary dam II and protrude to bank slopes at two sides, two ends of each arched wall are respectively connected with the water surface of the main blocking back of dam and the upstream surface of the auxiliary dam II, and the middle arch ring part is connected with the dam shoulder of the auxiliary dam I.

Further, 3 arch culverts are arranged on the main barrage dam body in an inverted-delta arrangement, the lower arch culvert bottom height is 1/5-1/4 of the height of the overground part of the main barrage dam body, and the upper arch culvert top height is not higher than 1 m line below the overflow port; the dam top height of the auxiliary dam I is not lower than the upper top height of the lower arch culvert.

Further, round pipe culverts penetrating through the auxiliary dam I are distributed at equal intervals on the bottom of the overground part of the auxiliary dam I side by side, and the upstream ends of the round pipe culverts are opened on the stone paving and retaining device. Adding a round pipe culvert to act for slowing down the impact force of the debris flow, further completing water-stone separation, and keeping the debris flow substances in the warehouse, wherein the fluid flows down through the round pipe culvert; meanwhile, through drainage of the circular pipe culvert, water cannot be retained between the auxiliary dam and the main dam, and the auxiliary dam is prevented from corroding the dam abutment and the foundation.

Further, the height of the stone paving guard is not higher than the height of the dam top of the secondary dam I, and the upper surface is consistent with the slope direction of the ditch bed. The stone paving guard increases the burial depth of the main blocking dam, so that on one hand, stone blocks flushed by the main blocking dam are prevented from being broken or a groove is etched, and on the other hand, the excavation depth of the foundation of the main blocking dam is reduced.

Further, the secondary dam II is buried in the ditch bed, and the top surface of the dam is level with the surface line of the ditch where the dam site is located. The submerged auxiliary dam structure arranged below the ditch bed ground line can promote mud-rock flow to stably pass through the dam, prevent the convolution scouring stone from paving a retaining foundation, ensure water dispersion and drainage, avoid concentrated scouring and undercut the foundation, and be connected with wing walls at two sides to protect a dam abutment.

Further, the anti-collision tooth arrays are arranged by anti-collision teeth in staggered mode, and the anti-collision teeth are vertical piles with slope-shaped upstream surfaces, so that the abrasion action of debris flow on the anti-collision teeth is reduced.

Further, the protective net wall is a passive protective net structure, the net body is in an inverted trapezoid shape, two ends of the top are respectively provided with an oblique angle, the length of the bottom edge of the oblique angle is 1/4 of the width of a channel at the protective net wall, the bottom of the net body is spaced from a ditch bed, and decompression rings on the net body are distributed in regions on two sides of the net body in a manner of being sparse and dense.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: the self-protection type mud-rock flow blocking dam combination system increases the front protection measures of the main blocking dam. The direct impact damage of the large stones to the dam body is relieved by arranging the protective net wall in front of the dam, and the slag carried by daily water flow is effectively prevented from blocking the arch culvert. The protective wall additionally arranged in front of the main retaining dam and the protective net wall can play a role in diversion to a certain extent, prevent mud stones from diffusing randomly towards the two side banks to form shearing damage, and simultaneously prevent direct impact on the foundation of the dam abutment part. After the main blocking dam, the round pipe culvert is added to the ground base part of the auxiliary dam I, so that the flexible buffering protection capability of the dam foundation is improved. An anti-collision tooth array is additionally arranged between the auxiliary dam I and the auxiliary dam II, so that the energy dissipation efficiency of the mud-rock flow beyond the dam is improved, the damage of the mud-rock flow behind the dam to the ditch bed is reduced, and the dam foundation is protected. The arrangement of the protective walls at the two sides behind the main retaining dam is changed from straight line shape along the channels into arc shape protruding to the two side ditch banks, so that round and smooth package of the ditch bed behind the dam is formed, direct impact of debris flow is reduced, and erosion damage of the dam abutment is prevented. The secondary dam II is improved into a sinking structure, so that mud-rock flow can be promoted to stably pass through the dam, and the stone paving and retaining foundation is prevented from being damaged by rotary flushing. The whole self-protection type mud-rock flow blocking dam combination system is characterized by combining front dams and rear dams, and the comprehensive protection technical concept of 'soft and rigid interphase' can exert the whole systematic self-protection effect on the main blocking dam engineering. The flexible-rigid phase is a novel mode of comprehensive prevention and protection of the whole system structure, namely, a flexible protection net, a rigid main blocking dam, a flexible guard, a low-dam culvert pipe diversion, an energy dissipation anti-collision tooth array and a submerged dam protection base are sequentially arranged from the upstream to the downstream. The self-protection type debris flow blocking dam combination system is made of materials and processes which are commonly used in the current debris flow prevention engineering structures, has low manufacturing cost and is suitable for popularization.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a self-protecting debris flow dam assembly.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of section A-A of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of section B-B of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of section C-C of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of section D-D of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of section E-E of fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the appearance of several anti-snag teeth.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a structure of a protection net wall.

The numerical designations in the drawings are respectively:

1 main blocking dam 11 arch culvert 12 overflow port 2 auxiliary dam I21 round pipe culvert 3 auxiliary dam II 4 upstream protective wall 41, 42 downstream protective wall 5 protective net wall 51 oblique angle 511 oblique angle 52 decompression ring 6 stone paving protection surface 7 anti-flushing tooth array 71 anti-flushing tooth 711 upstream surface 8 ground line

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a self-protection type debris flow blocking dam combination system is designed on a debris flow channel.

When the combined system is addressed, the trend line of the system is ensured to be a horizontal straight line as far as possible, and larger topographic relief is avoided or leveling treatment is carried out if necessary, such as pit filling, protrusion leveling or line laying along the contour line.

Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a self-protecting debris flow dam assembly, fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 1, and fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view B-B of fig. 1.

The self-protection type debris flow blocking dam combination system comprises a main blocking dam 1, an auxiliary dam I2, an auxiliary dam II 3 and two side protection walls 4; a protective net wall 5 is arranged at the upstream of the main blocking dam 1, a stone paving guard 6 is arranged between the main blocking dam 1 and the auxiliary dam I2, and an anti-collision tooth array 7 is arranged between the auxiliary dam I2 and the auxiliary dam II 3.

The protection wall 4 comprises an upstream protection wall 41, the upstream protection wall 41 is provided with two straight walls which are arranged in a splayed manner, the downstream end of each straight wall is connected to the water facing surface side area of the main blocking dam 1, the upstream end extends obliquely to the upstream bank slope direction, and the upstream end is a free end and is positioned between the main blocking dam 1 and the protection net wall 5. The protective wall 4 further comprises a downstream protective wall 42, the downstream protective wall 42 is provided with two arched walls along the channel direction, the arched walls are respectively positioned at two sides of the main blocking dam 1, the auxiliary dam I2 and the auxiliary dam II 3 and protrude to bank slopes at two sides, two ends of each arched wall are respectively connected with the back water surface of the main blocking dam 1 and the upstream water surface of the auxiliary dam II 3, and the middle arch ring part is connected with the dam shoulder of the auxiliary dam I2.

The back water surface of the main blocking dam 1 is in a step shape. 3 arch culverts 11 are arranged on the dam body of the main barrage 1 in an inverted-delta arrangement, the height of the lower bottom of each lower arch culvert 11 is 1/5-1/4 of the height of the overground part of the dam body of the main barrage 1, and the upper top of each upper arch culvert 11 is not higher than the 1m line below the overflow port 12 (shown by a dash-dot line in fig. 3); the dam top height of the auxiliary dam I2 is not lower than the upper top height of the lower arch culvert 11.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of section C-C of fig. 1.

Round pipe culvert 21 penetrating through the auxiliary dam I2 is distributed at equal intervals on the bottom of the overground part of the auxiliary dam I2 side by side, and the upstream end of the round pipe culvert 21 is opened in stone paving and protecting unit 6. The upper surface of the stone paving guard net 6 is consistent with the slope direction of the ditch bed, and the height is not higher than the height of the dam top of the auxiliary dam I2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of section D-D of fig. 1.

The secondary dam II 3 is buried in the ditch bed, and the top surface of the dam is level with the surface line of the ditch where the dam site is located.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional E-E of FIG. 1; fig. 7 is a schematic view of the appearance of several anti-snag teeth.

The anti-collision tooth array 7 is formed by staggered arrangement of anti-collision teeth 71, and the anti-collision teeth 71 are upright piles with slope-shaped upstream surfaces 711.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a structure of a protection net wall.

The protective net wall 5 is a passive protective net structure, the net body 51 is in an inverted trapezoid shape, two ends of the top are respectively provided with an oblique angle 511, the length of the bottom edge of the oblique angle 511 is 1/4 of the width of a channel at the protective net wall 5, the bottom of the net body 51 is spaced from a ditch bed, and decompression rings 52 on the net body 51 are distributed in regions close to two sides of the net body 51 and are distributed in a manner of being sparse upwards and dense downwards.

In this example, the spacing between the main barrage 1 and the auxiliary dam I2, and the spacing between the auxiliary dam I2 and the auxiliary dam II 3 are all 10 m-15 m. Each step of the back surface of the main retaining dam 1 is 1 m-2 m in height, and the width difference between two adjacent steps is 0.5 m-1 m; the height of the arch part of the arch culvert 11 is 0.5 m-1 m, and the aspect ratio of the rectangular part of the arch culvert 11 is 2:1. The diameter of the circular pipe culvert 21 in the auxiliary dam I2 is 0.5 m-1 m, the number of the circular pipe culverts is 3-5, and the interval is 0.5 m-1 m. The depth of the sublevel dam II 3 under the ditch bed is 1.5 m-3.0 m. The height of the protective wall 4 is 1.5 m-4 m, and the side line at the top of the protective wall 4 is consistent with the slope direction of the ditch bed. The inclined angle 511 inclined angle beta of the protective net wall 5 is 20-25 degrees, and the distance between the bottom of the net body 51 and the ditch bed is 0.5 m-1 m. The paving thickness of the stone paving guard 6 blocks is 1 m-2 m. The height of the anti-collision teeth 71 is 0.2 m-0.3 m.

Claims

1. Self preservation protects formula mud-rock flow blocking dam combined system, its characterized in that: including main dam (1), vice dam I (2), vice dam II (3), both sides protection wall (4), its characterized in that: the upper reaches of main dam (1) have protection network wall (5), there is stone shop's fender (6) between main dam (1) and sub-dam I (2), has scour protection tooth battle array (7) between sub-dam I (2) and sub-dam II (3).

2. The combination as defined in claim 1, wherein: the back water surface of the main blocking dam (1) is in a step shape.

3. The combination of claim 2, wherein: the protection wall (4) comprises an upstream protection wall (41), the upstream protection wall (41) is provided with two straight walls which are arranged in a splayed manner, the downstream end of each straight wall is connected to the side edge area of the upstream surface of the main blocking dam (1), the upstream end extends in the direction of the inclined upstream bank slope, and the upstream end is a free end and is positioned between the main blocking dam (1) and the protection net wall (5).

4. A combination according to claim 3, wherein: the protection wall (4) further comprises a downstream protection wall (42), the downstream protection wall (42) is provided with two arched walls along the channel direction, the arched walls are respectively positioned on two sides of the main blocking dam (1) and the auxiliary dam I (2) and two sides of the auxiliary dam II (3) and protrude to bank slopes on two sides, two ends of each arched wall are respectively connected with the back water surface of the main blocking dam (1) and the upstream water surface of the auxiliary dam II (3), and the middle arch ring part is connected with the dam abutment of the auxiliary dam I (2).

5. The combination as defined in claim 4, wherein: 3 arches (11) are arranged on the dam body of the main blocking dam (1) and are arranged in an inverted-Chinese character 'pin', the lower bottom of the lower arch (11) is 1/5-1/4 of the height of the overground part of the dam body of the main blocking dam (1), and the upper top of the upper arch (11) is not higher than a1 m line below the overflow port (12); the dam top height of the auxiliary dam I (2) is not lower than the upper top height of the lower arch culvert (11).

6. The combination according to claim 5, wherein: round pipe culverts (21) penetrating through the auxiliary dam I (2) are distributed at equal intervals side by side at the bottom of the overground part of the auxiliary dam I (2), and the upstream end of each round pipe culvert (21) is opened on a stone paving guard (6); the height of the stone paving guard (6) is not higher than the dam top height of the auxiliary dam I (2), and the upper surface is consistent with the slope direction of the ditch bed.

7. The combination according to claim 6, wherein: the secondary dam II (3) is buried in the ditch bed, and the top surface of the dam is level with the surface line of the ditch where the dam site is located.

8. The combination according to claim 7, wherein: the anti-collision tooth arrays (7) are formed by staggered arrangement of anti-collision teeth (71), and the anti-collision teeth (71) are slope-shaped vertical piles on the upstream surface (711).

9. The combination according to claim 8, wherein: the protective net wall (5) is of a passive protective net structure, the net body (51) is of an inverted trapezoid shape, oblique angles (511) are respectively arranged at two ends of the top, the length of the bottom edge of each oblique angle (511) is 1/4 of the width of a channel at the protective net wall (5), the bottom of the net body (51) is spaced from a ditch bed, and decompression rings (52) on the net body (51) are distributed in regions on two sides of the net body (51) in an upper-sparse and lower-dense mode.

10. The combination as defined in claim 9, wherein:

The distances between the main blocking dam (1) and the auxiliary dam I (2) and between the auxiliary dam I (2) and the auxiliary dam II (3) are 10 m-15 m;

each step of the back surface of the main retaining dam (1) is 1 m-2 m in height, and the width difference between two adjacent steps is 0.5 m-1 m;

The height of the arch part of the arch culvert (11) is 0.5 m-1 m, and the aspect ratio of the rectangular part of the arch culvert (11) is 2:1;

The diameter of the circular culvert (21) is 0.5 m-1 m, the number of the circular culverts is 3-5, and the interval is 0.5 m-1 m;

The depth of the sub-dam II (3) under-ditch-bed dam body is 1.5 m-3.0 m;

The height of the protective wall (4) is 1.5 m-4 m, and the top side line of the protective wall (4) is consistent with the slope direction of the ditch bed;

The inclination angle beta of the oblique angle (511) is 20-25 degrees, and the distance between the bottom of the net body (51) and the ditch bed is 0.5 m-1 m;

the stone paving thickness of the stone paving guard (6) is 1 m-2 m;

The height of the anti-collision teeth (71) is 0.2 m-0.3 m.